Ukulanda Icishinka pa Kusefya Kwalumbuka

INDOSHI ne fipuku, ifipushi ne fimbilimbili fya mulilo, icongo, ukucenjesha abantu no kulomba ifintu. Tacafya ukwishiba ificitika pa kusefya kwa Halloween. Lelo bushe uku kusefya pamo no kusefya kumbi kwafuma kwi? Ukusefya kwa Halloween bakwita no kuti Icungulo ca Batakatifu nelyo icungulo ca Nshiku Nkulu ya Batakatifu. Ili shina lileumfwikamo Ubwina Kristu, kwena lilafisa ukwafuma uku kusefya ukushapalako na kuli bumushilo. Na kuba, abasoma batila ukusefya kwa Halloween kwatendeke kale sana ninshi no buKristu tabulabako, ilyo abena Celt baileikala ku Britain na ku Ireland. Ukubomfya umweshi, abena Celt bayakenye umwaka mu fiputulwa fibili, imyeshi ya mpepo iya mfifi ne myeshi ya lusuba iya lubuuto. Ilyo umweshi wabulungana mupepi na pa November 1, abena Celt balesefya ukusefya baleita ati Samhain, e kutila “Ukupwa kwa Lusuba.”a

Uku kusefya kwalebako pa kutendeka kwa mwaka upya uwa bena Celt, kwaleba pa mpela ya lusuba, lilya bapwa ukulobolola kabili imikuni ya fitekwa na yo baibwesha ukufuma mu mpanga no kuitwala mu macinka. Abena Celt basumine ukuti lilya akasuba katendeka ukuwa bwangu, kuti cawama ukulumyako amaka ya kako pa kucitako ukusefya kumo no kupeela malambo. Pa kulanga ukuti umwaka naupwa, baleshimya umulilo onse, no kutendeka umwaka upya pa kukosha ifyonto fya mulilo washila uo abantu bonse baaleya mu kulaapulako. Filya fimbilimbili fya mulilo, ifyaleba nga filya fiba ku Britain pa bushiku bwa Guy Fawkes Night, abene baalemona kwati kuti fyatiinya ifibanda.

Basumine ukuti pa kusefya kwa Samhain, icifimbo caba pa kati ka bantunse ne calo ca bafwa calefimbulwa, lyena imipashi ne fibanda fyatendeke ukwendauka mwi sonde. Baletila imyeo ya bafwa ninshi yabwela ku mayanda kabili balepekanya ifya kulya ne fya kunwa fya beni babo abashimoneka pa kuti basekelelwe, nakaana nga te ifyo kuti baleta imipamba pa lupwa. Kanshi pa kusefya kwa Halloween, ilyo abaice shino nshiku bafwala nge fibanda nelyo nge ndoshi no kupita mu mayanda balelomba ifya bupe no kutiinya abantu, tabeshiba fye ukuti balecita fye filya fine fyalecitika pa kusefya kwa kale ukwa Samhain. Mu citabo cakwe ica Halloween—History and Traditions (Ilyashi lya Kale Ilya Kusefya ne Myata ya Halloween), Jean Markale atile: “Ilyo abaice bapokelela ifya bupe, bacita ico bashaishiba, e kuti ukutwala pa ntanshi amano ya kuti abantu kuti baumfwana ne mipashi. E mulandu wine twingalandila ukuti ukusefya Halloween . . . musango umo uwa kupepa.”

Apo pali ilya nshita abantu basumine ukuti ubwikashi bwa mipashi ne fibanda ninshi bwaisa lwa mupepi, balemona kwati ninshi nomba cayanguka ku muntu ukufika ku calo ca mipashi. Kanshi ukusefya kwa Samhain kwali ni nshita yaibela kabili iisuma iya kusokololwa kwa nkama sha fikacitika ku ntanshi. Amaapele ne nseke she luba lya hazel, fyonse fibili fyalemonwa ukuti fifuma ku miti ya mushilo, kabili fyalebomfiwa ku kubuka ifyupo, ukulwala ne mfwa. Ku ca kumwenako, amaapele ayakwete ifishibilo baleyapoosa mu menshi. Umuntu nga ayabula iapele ku kanwa, umulumendo nelyo umukashana kuti aishiba uo bakopana nankwe. Na lelo line ukupupa imipashi kwa uyu musango kulabapo pa kusefya kwa Halloween pantu kwaliba ubwangalo bwa kwabula amaapele ku kanwa.

Pa kusefya kwa Samhain, kwaleba sana bucakolwa bwa ciwowo no kuilekelesha. Markale atila: “Kwaleba ukusuula nelyo fye ukulabako ku mwata wa kuba ne misango isuma. Pali uku kusefya, ico bakaanya e co balesuminisha, ico basuminisha e co balekaanya.” Na lelo line ifi fine e fibako pa kusefya kwa Halloween, na kuba cifwile e calenga no kuti uku kusefya kulumbuke sana. Ukulanda pali uku kwine kusefya, icitabo ca The Encyclopedia of Religion cilondolola ukusefya kwa Halloween ukwa nomba ukuti “ni nshita ilyo abakalamba na bo bene bacita kwati balabako ku myata yabo no kucita ifya cisekeseke nga bana banono. E co, umusango wa bena Celt uwa cila mwaka uwa kucita kwati nabalaba imisango isuma pa bushiku bwa uku kusefya no kuilekelesha walitwalilile ukufika na muli ba 1900.”

Ukusefya Kwaletiinya Imipepele

Ilyo ifyumbu fyayafishe muli ba 1800, abena Ireland basendele imyata ya kusefya kwa Halloween no kuya na yo ku United States. Kulya kwine e kwabweluluka uku kusefya ukuya ku Bulaya na kabili. Te bonse kwena batemwa ukulumbuka kwa Halloween. Nge fyalandile ipepala lya Le Monde, “ukusefya kwa Halloween, caba fye nkuma ukuti kubako pa bushiku bumo bwine ne Nshiku Nkulu ya Batakatifu ne Nshiku Nkulu ya Bafwa (pa November 1 na pa 2) kabili nalimo ukusefya kwa Halloween kuti kwalenga balaba na ku kusefya ishi shine nshiku, ukusefya kwa Halloween kulelenga abakwata amashitolo ukusekelela lelo kuleleta umwenso kuli bashimapepo.”

Bashimapepo ku France nabasakamana pa mulandu wa kuti abantu nabaleka ukupoosa amano ku kusefya kwa cishilano ukwa baKatolika, batendeke ukupoosa amano ku kusefya kwa Halloween, balemona uyu musango ukuti “ulelenga abantu kubwelela ku busenshi.” Stanislas Lalanne, kabilo alandilako Akabungwe ka Bashikofu ba ku Katolika abena France atile ukusefya kwa Halloween ‘kulalenga abantu ukucita kwati tabaishiba umweo ne mfwa.’ Shikofu wa ku Nice, Jean Bonfils atile “uku kusefya na fyonse ificitwa tafyapalako no kupala ku myata ya fyalo fyesu ne ya Bwina Kristu,” kabili asokele baKatolika ukuti bacenjele no ku “kusefya kwacindama nga nshi ukwa bakapepa ba kwa Satana mwi sonde lyonse.”

Ukulanda pa musango wa bena France uwa kusuula imyata ya baKatolika pa mulandu fye wa kusefya kwatuntuka ku basenshi, Hippolyte Simon, Shikofu wa ku Clermont-Ferrand, atile: “Cilemoneka kwati abena France balefwaya ukupepa kumo ukwa kupyanika pa Bwina Kristu.” Alembele ukuti: “Pa kusefya kwa Halloween kulaba ukupashanya abafwa kabili ico beta ati ifibanda fya bafwa filabwela ku kututiinya no kufwaya ukutwipaya. Lelo, pa Nshiku Nkulu ya Batakatifu, tucinkulwako ukuti abayashi bali aba mweo kabili na ifwe twaba ne cilayo ca kuti tukaba na bo ku Musumba wa kwa Lesa.” E fyo alembele mu citabo ca Toward a Pagan France? (Bushe Abena France Balebwelela ku Busenshi?)

Ilyo alelanda pa mulandu umo wine, Carlo Maria Martini, shimapepo ku Milan ku Italy, acincishe abena Italy ukuti tabafwile ukulaba amaholide ya baKatolika, atile ukusefya kwa Halloween “cintu iceni icapusana no mwata wesu uwacindama nga nshi kabili uo tufwile ukutwalilila na o. Inshiku Nkulu iya Bafwa kusefya kwesu ukwa kale na kale. Ni nshita ya kusokoloka kwa mweo wa pe, ilyo Shikulwifwe atulenga ukumfwikisha ukuti kwaliba umweo na umbi ukucila pali uyu wa pano calo.” Na baKatolika abengi aba cine bafwile kuti basumina aya mashiwi. Lelo, bushe ubupusano pa kusefya kwa Halloween no kusefya kwa Nshiku Nkulu ya Bafwa bwalimoneka bwino bwino nge fyo aba bantu bengafwaya twasumina? Cinshi ukubebeta bwino ukwatuntuka uku kusefya kwa baKatolika kusokolola?

Bumushilo bwa Bufi

Icitabo ca The Catholic Encyclopedia cilondolola Inshiku Nkulu ya Batakatifu ukuti mutebeto wa “kucindika abatakatifu, abaishibikwa na bashaishibikwa.” Ku kupwa kwa mwanda wa myaka uwalenga bubili, abaleitunga Ubwina Kristu batendeke ukucindika bamfwila Lesa, pantu basumine ukuti baliya mu kwikala na Kristu ku muulu, kabili balepepa na kuli balya bene ukuti balebalombelako kuli Lesa. Ukusefya kwa lyonse kwatendeke pa May 13,b mu 609 nelyo mu 610 C.E., ilyo Papa Boniface IV aiswile itempele lya Pantheon, ilya balesa bonse aba ku Roma, kabili apeele lyene kuli Maria na kuli bonse bamfwila Lesa. Markale alandapo ukuti: “Balesa ba bena Roma balicimfiwe ku batakatifu ba maka aba mipepele.”

Ukwaluka kwa bushiku ukwisa mu November kwacitilwe na Papa Gregory III (uwali pali buPapa ukutendeka mu 731 ukufika mu 741 C.E.), uwapeele itempele lya ku Roma ku batakatifu no kulanda ukuti ubushiku bwabo ni pa November 1. Tacaishibikwa bwino ico acitile ifi. Lelo nalimo ni co ukusefya kwapalako e ko kwali na kale pali ubu bushiku mu England. Icitabo ca The Encyclopedia of Religion calanda ukuti: “Ukusefya kwa Samhain kwatwalilile ukuba ukwalumbuka ku bena Celt imyaka fye yonse ilyo abena Great Britain batendeke ukusambilila ifya buKristu. Icalici lya ku Britain lyamwene ukuti apo abantu nabatemwa sana imyata ya cisenshi, pa kuti beishiba ukuti fimo nafyaluka, kuti cawama ukubikako fye ukusefya kwa buKristu pa bushiku bulya bwine basefya Samhain. . . . Ukusefya kwa bena Britain ukwa Nshiku Nkulu ya Batakatifu kufwile e kwalengele ukuti uku kusefya kupokelelwe na macalici yonse aya Bena Kristu.”

Markale alanda pa fyo abashimbe baume aba mu mayanda ya mapepo abali bena Ireland balengele sana ukuti kube ukwananya uku kusefya mu Bulaya monse pali iyi nshita. Icitabo ca New Catholic Encyclopedia calandapo ukuti: “Abena Ireland ilingi line ukusefya uko bacindika sana balekubika pa bushiku bwa kubalilapo mu mweshi, kabili e co November 1 yali e bushiku bwa kubalilapo ubwa nshita ya mpepo iya bena Celt, bwali no kulinga sana ukubikapo ukusefya kwa nshiku nkulu ya batakatifu.” Na pa kulekelesha, mu 835 C.E., Papa Gregory IV alandile ukuti uku kusefya kufwile ukusefiwa na bantu bonse.

Kumfwa ku Nshiku Nkulu iya Bafwa ilyo kuba ukupepa amapepo yasungilwa ku mutwe aya kwafwa imyeo yaba mu mutwala ukuya ku mweo wa pe ku muulu, abashimbe baume aba mapepo aba ku Cluny ku France, babikile ubu bushiku pa November 2 mu mwanda wa myaka uwalenga 11. Nangu line Inshiku Nkulu iya Bafwa yaba kwati kusefya kwa baKatolika beka, abantu fye abengi bafwile tabaishibe icishinka pali uku kusefya. Icitabo ca New Catholic Encyclopedia calandapo ukuti: “Mu nkulo shonse isha pa kati icinabwingi basumine ukuti imyeo ya bafwa pali ubu bushiku ilabwela mu milungulwa, mu baloshi, muli bacula nelyo mu fintu fimbi.”

Apo balifililwe ukusambilisha abantu babo ukuti balabeko ku fisambilisho fya busenshi, bashimapepo balengele ifisambilisho fya cisenshi ukubelama mu Bwina Kristu bwa kabepekesho fye. Pa kukomaila pali ici cishinka, icitabo ca The Encyclopedia of Religion calandapo ukuti: “Ukusefya kwa Bena Kristu ukwa Nshiku Nkulu iya Batakatifu, bushiku bwa kwibukisha abatakatifu abaishibikwa na bashaishibikwa aba mu mipepele ya buKristu nga filya fine ukusefya kwa Samhain kwacindike utulubi twa bena Celt.”

Ifyo Ukusefya Kwalumbuka Kwamukuma

Bushe kufika pi mufwile ukupoosa amano ku ntuntuko sha cisenshi isha kusefya kwa Halloween no kusefya kumbi ukwapalako? Na kuba, ku bengi ukusefya kwa Halloween kuba fye ni nshita ya kufwala fimo no kutendeka ukwangala. Lelo bushe tamulesumina ukuti calicindama ku bafyashi ukushininkisha ukuti ukwangala konse uko abana baleangalako kufwile kwaba ukusuma kabili ukushingabaletelela?

Umukalamba wa masukulu umo ku France uwabomba umulimo wa bukafundisha ukucila pa myaka 20 alipushiwe pa fyo ukusefya kwa Halloween kukuma abaice. Atile: “Ndasakamana ukuti filya abaice baya ku mayanda ya bantu balelomba amaswiti kuti calenga abana ukukanakula ne misango isuma. Kuti calenga baba na bukaitemwe no kukanapoosa amano ku bantu bambi. Basambilila ukuti nga wakosapo ukutiinya umuntu kuti akupeela ico ulefwaya.” Abafyashi kanshi kuti baipusha kuti, ‘Cinshi abana bambi balesambilila ilyo balesefya uyu holide?’

Kanshi teti tupape no kuti abantu abengi basangile ukuti pa kushita ifya kufwala ne fya bupe ifya kupeela abaice ilyo balesefya Halloween kuti baonaula indalama ishingi. Robert Rochefort, umukalamba wa milimo pa Research Center for the Study and Observation of Living Conditions, iya ku France alandile ukuti: “Halloween . . . te holide, kusefya kwa makwebo fye.” Ukusefya kwa Halloween cintu fye icilenga amakwebo ukwenda ilyo Krisimasi ishilafika. E kutila cintu fye na cimbi icilepatikisha abantu ukonaula indalama, isho ilingi line bashikwata no kukwata. Bushe mufwile ukukonkelesha icinabwingi muli uyu mulandu?

Ico Abena Kristu basakamana sana, na kuba, cishinka ca kuti ukusefya kwa Halloween no kusefya kumbi ukwapalako fyatuntuka ku basenshi. Umutumwa Paulo alembele ukuti: “Nshilefwaya imwe ukuba ne senge ne fiwa. Te kuti munwene mu lukombo lwa kwa Shikulu no lukombo lwa fiwa.” (1 Abena Korinti 10:20-22) Na kabili aipwishe ukuti: “Ubulungami no bupulumushi kuti fyayampana shani? Napamo ulubuuto ne mfifi kuti fyakwate senge shani? Kabili kuli ukuumfwana nshi kuli Kristu na Beliali? Napamo ukulingana nshi ku watetekela no ushatetekela?” (2 Abena Korinti 6:14-16) Kanshi Baibolo yalilanda ukuti cibi ukulenga ukusefya kwafuma ku basenshi kwalamoneka kwati kwa Bena Kristu!

Baibolo na kabili yalikaanya ukupupa imipashi. (Amalango 18:10-12) Kwena ca cine ukuti abengi abasefya Halloween kuti batila balipata imicitile ya kwa Satana, lelo tufwile ukwishiba ukuti ukufuma ku kale uku kusefya kwalikumako sana ku kupupa imipashi. E co kuti kwalenga umuntu ukutendeka ukupupa imipashi, maka maka ku baice abashayafya ukulufiwa. Ukusefya kwa cisenshi ne fishilano ifyakuma ku kupupa imipashi tafifwile no kusangwa mu kupepa kwa Bena Kristu; pantu fibi.

Na pa kulekelesha, kwaba icishinka ca kuti ukusefya kwa Halloween, Inshiku Nkulu iya Batakatifu ne Nshiku Nkulu ya Bafwa fyonse fyabelako umulandu wa kusumina ukuti abafwa balacula nelyo kuti bacusha aba mweo. Lelo, Baibolo tayapita na mu mbali ukulanda ukuti ifisambilisho fya musango yo fya bufi, pantu yatila: “Aba mweo bantu abaishibo kuti bakafwa, lelo abafwa bantu abashaishiba kantu nangu kamo.” (Lukala Milandu 9:5) E co Baibolo ifundila no kuti: “Conse ico iminwe yobe yasanga ica kucita, cita ku maka yobe; pantu takuli ica kucita nangu ca kwelenganya nangu kwishiba nangu mano ku Mbo uko uleya.” (Lukala Milandu 9:10) Apo abafwa tabaishiba nangu kamo, kanshi te kuti bacule nelyo ukucusha aba mweo, e co no kubatiina te kuti tubatiine. Na kabili, ukupepa amapepo ya kubaafwa tapali nangu cimo ico kwingabomba. Bushe ico calola mu kuti takwaba isubilo nangu limo ku bantu twatemenwe abafwa? E ko lyaba. Baibolo yalitulaya icishinka ukuti “kukabo kwima ku bafwa kwa balungama na bashalungama.”—Imilimo 24:15.c

Umuntu nga aishiba icintu cimo e lyo engasalapo ica kucita. Te kuti tusale ica mano nga tatwishibe bwino ifishinka fyonse. Pa numa ya kumfwa ifishinka filandilwepo mu fipande fya uno magazini, cinshi mwalapingula ukucita?

[Amafutunoti]

[Amashiwi pe bula 20]

Ukusefya kwa Halloween kulundulula ubufi bwa kuti abafwa bacili aba mweo

[Amashiwi pe bula 21]

Ukusefya kwa bena Celt ukwa kubuka na nomba kulamoneka mu fyangalo fya Halloween

[Icikope pe bula 20]

Ukusefya kwa Halloween kwatuntuka ku kusefya kwa bena Celt, nalimo ku kupepa Lug, lesa wabo uwa lubuuto

[Icikope pe bula 20]

Inshiishi ne misalaba ya pa kale iya bena Celt

[Ifikope pe bula 20, 21]

Ukwabula amaapele ku kanwa cangalo catuntuka ku bena Celt

[Abatusuminishe]

Ukufuma muli magazini wa The Delineator October 1911

[Icikope pe bula 22]

Papa Boniface IV apeele itempele lya bena Roma abasenshi ilya Pantheon kuli Maria na kuli bonse bamfwila Lesa

[Ifikope pe bula 23]

Bushe ukusefya kwa Halloween kulekuma shani abana benu?

[Icikope pe bula 24]

Abena Kristu ba cine balaipakisha ukwangala pamo nge ndupwa