Namɛi Ji Makabibii Lɛ?

KƐHA mɛi babaoo lɛ, Makabibii lɛ abe lɛ tamɔ teemɔŋ nɔ ko ni akɛtee yɛ naagbee woji ni yɔɔ Hebri Ŋmalɛi lɛ amli lɛ mli kɛ Yesu Kristo baa lɛ teŋ. Taakɛ bɔ ni ajieɔ nibii komɛi ni yɔɔ fitsofitso lɛ akpo yɛ be mli ni akaseɔ kɔɔyɔŋ lɛlɛ he teemɔŋ nibii beni eyagbee shi po lɛ, nakai abaanyɛ aná nilee ko kɛtsɔ Makabibii lɛ abe lɛ he ni aaasusu jogbaŋŋ lɛ he—shihilɛ mli tsakemɔ kɛ tsakemɔ be kɛha Yudafoi amaŋ lɛ.

Namɛi ji Makabibii lɛ? Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ amɛná Yuda jamɔ nɔ hewalɛ yɛ dani Mesia ni agba ehe sane afɔ̃ shi lɛ ba?—Daniel 9:25, 26.

Hela Shihilɛ Mli Nifeemɔ ni Tee Hiɛ Waa Lɛ

Alexander Kpeteŋkpele lɛ ye shikpɔji anɔ kunim kɛjɛ Hela aahu kɛyashi India tɔɔ (336-323 D.Ŋ.B.). Emaŋtsɛyeli ni lɛɛ lɛ ji nɔ ko ni ha Hela shihilɛ mli nifeemɔ lɛ gbɛ eshwã—Hela wiemɔ lɛ kɛ kusum lɛ. Alexander tatsɛmɛi lɛ kɛ asraafoi lɛ kɛ yei ni yɔɔ jɛmɛ lɛ bote gbalashihilɛ mli, ni enɛ ha Hela kusumii lɛ kɛ maŋsɛɛ kusumii lɛ fɛɛ fee ekome. Yɛ Alexander gbele sɛɛ lɛ, aja emaŋtsɛyeli lɛ mli aha etatsɛmɛi lɛ. Beni afii ohai enyɔ D.Ŋ.B. lɛ jeɔ shishi lɛ, Antiochus III ni jɛ Hela Seleuciabii amaŋtsɛmɛi aweku ni yɔɔ Aram lɛ shɔ̃ Israel kɛjɛ Hela Ptolemybii ni yɔɔ Mizraim hewalɛ shishi lɛ dɛŋ. Mɛɛ gbɛ nɔ Hela nɔyeli lɛ ná Yudafoi ni yɔɔ Israel lɛ nɔ hewalɛ yɛ?

Yinɔsaneŋmalɔ ko ŋma akɛ: “Akɛni Yudafoi lɛ nyɛɛɛ akpoo bɔɔ ni amɛkɛ amɛkutsoŋbii ni ji Helabii lɛ aaabɔ, ni amɛkɛ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ amɛnyɛmimɛi ni yɔɔ maŋsɛɛ lɛ naaa tsakpaa jogbaŋŋ hewɔ lɛ, amɛnyɛɛɛ amɛjo Hela kusum kɛ Hela niiahesusumɔ gbɛ̀i lɛ anaa foi. . . . Ni ní aaahi shi yɛ Helabii abe lɛ mli lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ esa akɛ akpɛlɛ Hela kusum lɛ nɔ!” Yudafoi lɛ kɔ Helabii agbɛi. Amɛkɔ Helabii akusumii kɛ hesaamɔ yɛ gbɛ̀i srɔtoi anɔ. Kusum nifeemɔ ni aboteɔ mli lɛ hewalɛ ni yɔɔ nigii lɛ tee hiɛ.

Osɔfoi lɛ Ajuu-kɛ-Fɔ̃ Nifeemɔ

Yudafoi lɛ ateŋ mɛi titri ni baje Helabii lɛ ahewalɛ shishi ji osɔfoi lɛ. Kɛha amɛteŋ mɛi pii lɛ Hela shihilɛ mli nifeemɔ ni aaakpɛlɛ nɔ lɛ tsɔɔ akɛ aaŋmɛ gbɛ koni Yuda jamɔ lɛ ashwere yɛ bei lɛ amli. Yudafoi nɛɛ ateŋ mɔ kome ji Jason (ni atsɛɔ lɛ Yoshua yɛ Hebri wiemɔ mli), ni ji osɔfonukpa Onias III lɛ nyɛmi. Beni Onias fã gbɛ kɛtee Antiokia lɛ, Jason ha Hela nɔyeli hegbɛi lɛ nyɔɔŋnii. Mɛni hewɔ? Koni etsɔ amɛyiŋ ni amɛhala Jason akɛ osɔfonukpa yɛ Onias najiaŋ. Hela Seleuciabii anɔyelɔ ni ji Antiochus Epiphanes (175-164 D.Ŋ.B.) hé nyɔɔŋnii lɛ amrɔ nɔŋŋ. Be ko ni eho lɛ, Hela nɔyelɔi lɛ kɛ amɛhe wooo Yudafoi lɛ asɔfonukpayeli lɛ mli, shi shika he miihia Antiochus kɛha asraafoi atafãa. Ená he miishɛɛ hu akɛ eeena Yudafoi ahiɛnyiɛlɔ ko ni baaha Hela shihilɛ mli nifeemɔ lɛ aya hiɛ babaoo kɛ ekãa. Yɛ Jason nibimɔ naa lɛ, Antiochus kpɛlɛ Yerusalem nɔ akɛ Hela maŋtiase ko (polis). Ni Jason ma shwɛmɔhe ko ni Yudafoi oblahii kɛ oblayei kɛ osɔfoi po shi akaŋ yɛ shwɛmɔi lɛ amli.

Aye kutumpɔo ashi kutumpɔo nɔ. Afii etɛ sɛɛ lɛ, Menelaus ni ekolɛ ebɛ osɔfoi awekukpaa lɛ mli lɛ kɛ nyɔɔŋnii ni fa fe nakai ha, ni Jason jo foi. Bɔni afee ni enyɛ ewo Antiochus nyɔmɔ lɛ, Menelaus loo shika babaoo kɛjɛ sɔlemɔwe lɛ fotro lɛ mli. Akɛni Onias III (ni yɔɔ nomŋɔɔ mli yɛ Antiokia lɛ) wie eshi enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Menelaus to gbɛjianɔ koni agbe lɛ.

Beni wiemɔ gbɛ eshwa akɛ Antiochus egbo lɛ, Jason kɛ hii akpe ku esɛɛ kɛba Yerusalem koni ebaŋɔ osɔfonukpayeli lɛ kɛjɛ Menelaus dɛŋ. Shi no mli lɛ, Antiochus gboko. Beni enu Jason nifeemɔ kɛ basabasafeemɔi ni yaa nɔ yɛ Yudafoi lɛ ateŋ ni teɔ shi eshiɔ Hela shihilɛ mli nifeemɔ gbɛ̀i ni ekɛtsuɔ nii lɛ he lɛ, Antiochus tɔ he owele.

Antiochus Fee Nii

Yɛ ewolo ni ji The Maccabees lɛ mli lɛ, Moshe Pearlman ŋma akɛ: “Eyɛ mli akɛ nibii ni aŋmala afɔ̃ shi lɛ bɛ faŋŋ moŋ, shi ebafee tamɔ nɔ ni Antiochus emu sane naa akɛ Yudafoi ajamɔ mli heyeli ni aŋmɛ gbɛ lɛ ji maŋkwramɔŋ tɔ̃mɔ. Kɛha lɛ lɛ, atuatsemɔ ni ba Yerusalem nyɛsɛɛ nɛɛ naaa eshishijee kɛjɛɛɛ jamɔ yiŋtoi kɛkɛ ahewɔ, shi moŋ kɛjɛ Mizraim susumɔ ni fiɔ sɛɛ ni yaa nɔ yɛ Yudea lɛ hewɔ, ni akɛ nɛkɛ maŋkwramɔŋ henumɔi nɛɛ etsu nii yɛ gbɛ ni yɔɔ oshara nɔ, titri lɛ, akɛni ewebii lɛ fɛɛ ateŋ Yudafoi lɛ pɛ ji mɛi ni etao jamɔŋ heyeli babaoo ni áŋmɛ amɛ gbɛ ni amɛfee nakai hewɔ. . . . Enɛ ji nɔ ni ekpɛ eyiŋ akɛ abaakpa.”

Israelnyo maŋnɔyelɔ kɛ woloŋlelɔ Abba Eban fo nɔ ni ba kɛnyiɛ sɛɛ lɛ kuku akɛ: “Yɛ mɔsɛɛyeli ni ba oyayaayai yɛ afii 168 kɛ 167 [D.Ŋ.B.] be lɛ mli lɛ, agbe Yudafoi lɛ, aju Sɔlemɔtsu lɛ mli nibii, ni agu Yudafoi ajamɔ nifeemɔ lɛ. Ketiafoo bafee nɔ ni sa gbele toigbalamɔ taakɛ bɔ ni Hejɔɔmɔ Gbi yeli lɛ ji lɛ nɔŋŋ. Ahorabɔɔ ni fe fɛɛ lɛ ba yɛ December 167 mli, beni kɛtsɔ Antiochus famɔ naa lɛ, ama afɔleshaa latɛ aha Zeus yɛ Sɔlemɔwe lɛ teŋ, ni abi koni Yudafoi lɛ kɛ kpolotoo loo—ní yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, ehe tseee yɛ Yudafoi amla lɛ naa lɛ—ashã afɔle aha Helabii anyɔŋmɔ lɛ.” Yɛ nɛkɛ be nɛɛ mli lɛ, Menelaus kɛ Hela Yudafoi krokomɛi lɛ tee nɔ amɛhi amɛgbɛhe lɛ mli, ni amɛmiitsu sɔlemɔwe ni amrɔ nɛɛ abule lɛ lɛ mli nitsumɔ.

Yɛ be mli ni Yudafoi lɛ babaoo kpɛlɛ Hela shihilɛ mli nifeemɔ lɛ nɔ lɛ, kuu hee ko ni tsɛɔ amɛhe akɛ Hasidbii—Nyɔŋmɔ gbeyeishelɔi—wo Mose Mla lɛ ni aaaye nɔ pɛpɛɛpɛ kɛmɔ shi lɛ he hewalɛ. Amrɔ nɛɛ, akɛni gbɔmɛi foji lɛ ahe miinyaŋe amɛ yɛ Hela osɔfoi lɛ ahe hewɔ lɛ, amɛtee nɔ amɛyafata Hasidbii lɛ ahe. Lá odasefonyo gbele be babote mli yɛ be mli ni anyɛɔ Yudafoi ni yɔɔ maŋ lɛŋ he fɛɛ he lɛ anɔ koni amɛkpɛlɛ wɔŋjamɔ kusumii kɛ afɔleshaai lɛ anɔ koni amɛkagboi lɛ hewɔ. Makabibii apokrifa woji lɛ kɛ hii, yei, kɛ gbekɛbii ni sumɔ koni amɛgboi moŋ fe ni amɛaaŋmɛɛ sane he kɛsaa lɛ he saji babaoo haa.

Makabibii lɛ Hu Fee Nii

Antiochus nifeemɔi ni fe nine lɛ ha Yudafoi lɛ pii wuu ta kɛha amɛjamɔ lɛ. Yɛ Modiʼin, ni yɔɔ Yerusalem kooyi-anaigbɛ ni bɛŋkɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ Lod maŋtiase lɛ he lɛ, atsɛ osɔfo ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ Mattathias kɛtee maŋ lɛ kpeehe lɛ. Akɛni gbɔmɛi babaoo ni yɔɔ jɛmɛ lɛ buɔ Mattathias hewɔ lɛ, maŋtsɛ lɛ najiaŋdamɔlɔ lɛ bɔ mɔdɛŋ koni ekɔne eyiŋ ni ekɛ ehe awo wɔŋjamɔ afɔleshaa mli—bɔni afee ni ebaa lɛ diɛŋtsɛ ewala yi ni ekɛfee nɔkwɛmɔnɔ eha mɛi babaoo ni eshwɛ lɛ. Beni Mattathias kpoo lɛ, Yudafonyo kroko kɛ ehe ha, ni efee klalo akɛ ebaaŋmɛɛ saji ahe kɛsaa. Mattathias ni mlifu eyi lɛ babaoo lɛ mɔ tawuu dade ko mli, ni egbe lɛ. Akɛni nɛkɛ nuu onukpa nɛɛ yiwalɛ nifeemɔ lɛ ha amɛhe jɔ̃ amɛhe hewɔ lɛ, Hela asraafoi lɛ here nɔ blɛoo. Yɛ hiŋmɛitswai fioo ko mli lɛ, Mattathias egbe Hela asraafoiatsɛ lɛ hu. Dani Hela asraafoi lɛ aaafa amɛhe lɛ, Mattathias bihii enumɔ lɛ kɛ maŋ lɛ mli bii lɛ ye amɛnɔ.

Mattathias bo akɛ: ‘Nyɛhaa mɔ fɛɛ mɔ ni yɔɔ ekãa kɛha Mla lɛ anyiɛa misɛɛ.’ Bɔni afee ni amɛjo oweletɔɔ naa foi lɛ, lɛ kɛ ebiihii lɛ jo foi kɛtee gɔji lɛ anɔ. Ni beni amɛnifeemɔi lɛ ahe sane gbɛɔ eshwãa lɛ, Yudafoi (ni Hasidbii babaoo fata he lɛ) fata amɛhe.

Mattathias hala ebinuu Yuda eto asraafoi anitsumɔi lɛ anɔ. Ekolɛ, akɛni Yuda jeɔ ekãa akɛ asraafonyo lɛ hewɔ lɛ, atsɛ lɛ akɛ Makabi, ni eshishi ji “hamlɛ.” Atsɛ Mattathias kɛ ebihii lɛ akɛ Hasmonaeanbii, ni ji gbɛi ni ajie kɛjɛ Heshmon maŋ lɛ mli loo kɛjɛ blematsɛ ko ni atsɛ lɛ nakai lɛ mli. (Yoshua 15:27) Ni kɛlɛ, akɛni Yuda Makabi bafee mɔ ni ale waa yɛ atuatsemɔ be lɛ mli lɛ hewɔ lɛ, abatsɛ weku muu lɛ fɛɛ akɛ Makabibii.

Nine Saa Shɛ Sɔlemɔwe lɛ Nɔ Ekoŋŋ

Yɛ atuatsemɔ be lɛ klɛŋklɛŋ afi lɛ mli lɛ, Mattathias kɛ ebihii lɛ nyɛ amɛto asraafoi akuu bibioo ko he gbɛjianɔ. Yɛ nɔ ni fe be kome mli lɛ, Hela asraafoi lɛ yatutuaa Hasidbii tawulɔi akui lɛ yɛ Hejɔɔmɔ Gbi lɛ nɔ. Eyɛ mli akɛ amɛbaanyɛ amɛfa amɛhe moŋ, shi amɛsumɔɔɔ ni amɛtɔɔ Hejɔɔmɔ Gbi lɛ nɔ. No hewɔ lɛ nɔ ni jɛ mli ba ji akɛ apelenee mɛi babaoo. Mattathias—ni amrɔ nɛɛ abuɔ lɛ akɛ jamɔ mli nɔyeli hegbɛ lɛ—wo mla ni ŋmɛɔ Yudafoi lɛ agbɛ koni amɛfa amɛhe yɛ Hejɔɔmɔ Gbi lɛ nɔ. Nɛkɛ mlawoo nɛɛ kɛ shihilɛ hee baaa atuatsemɔ lɛ mli kɛkɛ, shi moŋ efee nɔkwɛmɔnɔ hu yɛ Yuda jamɔ mli ni ŋmɛɔ jamɔ mli hiɛnyiɛlɔi agbɛ koni amɛtsake Yudafoi amla mli yɛ bɔ ni shihilɛ lɛ tsakeɔ haa lɛ naa. Talmud lɛ jieɔ nɛkɛ nifeemɔ nɛɛ kpo yɛ sane ni ajaje yɛ sɛɛ mli lɛ mli akɛ: “Nyɛhaa amɛbulea Hejɔɔmɔ Gbi kome bɔni afee ni amɛnyɛ amɛtsuu Hejɔɔmɔ Gbii babaoo he.”—Yoma 85b.

Yɛ etsɛ ni egbɔ lɛ gbele sɛɛ lɛ, Yuda Makabi bafee atuatsemɔ lɛ mli hiɛnyiɛlɔ ni anyɛɛɛ enɔ aye. Beni eyɔse akɛ ebɛ nyɛmɔ ni ekɛaaye ehenyɛlɔ lɛ nɔ yɛ tawuu ni yɔɔ faŋŋ mli hewɔ lɛ, etsɔ̃ ŋaa heei krokomɛi, tamɔ ta ni maŋbii kɛ asraafoi feɔ ekome kɛwuɔ yɛ ŋmɛnɛŋmɛnɛ beaŋ lɛ. Etswia Antiochus asraafoi lɛ anii yɛ hei ni amɛnyɛɛɛ amɛkɛ amɛhefamɔ nibii ni amɛkɛtsuɔ nii daa lɛ atsu nii. Yɛ ta ni eko nyiɛ eko sɛɛ lɛ mli lɛ, Yuda nyɛ eye asraafoi akuu ni da fe enɔ lɛ kwraa nɔ kunim yɛ omanyeyeli mli.

Akɛni amɛkɛ béi ni yɔɔ mli gbɛ kɛ Roma hewalɛ lɛ shitee lɛ miikpe hewɔ lɛ, Seleucia Maŋtsɛyeli lɛ mli nɔyelɔi lɛ haaa akpɔi ni awoɔ ashiɔ Yudafoi ni akwɛɔ koni aye nɔ lɛ afee amɛ naagba. Enɛ gbele gbɛ kɛha Yuda ni eha etutuamɔ lɛ mli wa kɛyashɛ Yerusalem agboi lɛ anaa tɔ̃ɔ. Yɛ December 165 D.Ŋ.B. (loo ekolɛ 164 D.Ŋ.B.) lɛ, lɛ kɛ esraafoi lɛ ŋɔ sɔlemɔwe lɛ nom, ni amɛtsuu emli tsɛŋsii lɛ ahe, ni amɛku sɛɛ amɛjɔɔ nɔ—afii etɛ yɛ gbi nɔ ni abule lɛ lɛ sɛɛ. Yudafoi lɛ yeɔ nifeemɔ nɛɛ he gbi jurɔ daa afi yɛ Hanukkah be lɛ mli, ni ji nɔjɔɔmɔ gbijurɔyeli lɛ.

Maŋkwramɔ Ye Jamɔ Mli Hetuu-Kɛhamɔ Nɔ

Nine eshɛ otii ni yɔɔ atuatsemɔ lɛ sɛɛ lɛ nɔ. Ajie naatsii ni akɛba Yuda jamɔ nifeemɔ nɔ lɛ yɛ jɛmɛ. Aku sɛɛ ato jamɔ kɛ afɔleshaai yɛ sɔlemɔwe lɛ mli ekoŋŋ. Akɛni amrɔ nɛɛ, amɛtsui enyɔ amɛmli hewɔ lɛ, Hasidbii lɛ shi Yuda Makabi asraafoi lɛ ateŋ ni amɛku amɛsɛɛ kɛtee amɛshiai amli. Shi Yuda hiɛ susumɔi krokomɛi. Eyɛ asraafoi ni atsɔse amɛ jogbaŋŋ, no hewɔ lɛ, mɛni hewɔ ekɛtsuuu nii ni ekɛto Yudafoi amaŋ ni eye ehe lɛ? Agbɛnɛ akɛ maŋkwramɔŋ kanyamɔi bato jamɔ mli nifeemɔi ni ha ato atuatsemɔ nifeemɔ lɛ shishi lɛ najiaŋ. No hewɔ lɛ, mpleshii lɛ tee nɔ.

Beni etaoɔ sɛɛfimɔ koni ekɛwuu eshi Seleucus nɔyeli lɛ, Yuda Makabi kɛ Roma fee kpaŋmɔ. Eyɛ mli akɛ agbe lɛ yɛ ta mli yɛ afi 160 D.Ŋ.B. moŋ, shi enyɛmimɛi lɛ tee nɔ amɛwuu ta lɛ. Yuda nyɛmi Yonatan tsɔ̃ ŋaa srɔtoi bɔ ni ha Seleucus nɔyelɔi lɛ kpɛlɛ ehalamɔ lɛ nɔ akɛ osɔfonukpa kɛ Yudea nɔyelɔ, eyɛ mli akɛ eyɛ amɛnɔyeli shishi lolo. Beni alaka Yonatan, ni amɔ lɛ, ni agbe lɛ yɛ Ashurbii lɛ aŋaatsɔɔ fɔŋ lɛ hewɔ lɛ, enyɛmi nuu Simeon—ni ji Makabi nyɛmimɛi lɛ anaagbee mɔ lɛ—baye esɛɛ. Yɛ Simeon nɔyeli shishi lɛ, ajie Seleucus nɔyeli lɛ naagbee okadii lɛ kɛtee (yɛ afi 141 D.Ŋ.B.). Simeon saa eto amɛkɛ Roma kpaŋmɔ lɛ shishi ekoŋŋ ni Yudafoi ahiɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ kpɛlɛ enɔ akɛ nɔyelɔ kɛ osɔfonukpa. No hewɔ lɛ, ato Hasmonaeanbii amaŋtsɛyeli weku ni eye ehe shishi kɛtsɔ Makabibii lɛ anɔ.

Makabibii lɛ saa amɛto jamɔ shishi yɛ sɔlemɔwe lɛ mli ekoŋŋ dani Mesia lɛ ba. (Okɛto Yohane 1:41, 42; 2:13-17 he.) Shi taakɛ bɔ ni Hela osɔfoi lɛ anifeemɔ lɛ fite hekɛnɔfɔɔ ni ayɔɔ yɛ osɔfoyeli lɛ mli lɛ, atee nɔ afite lɛ fiofio po yɛ Hasmonaeanbii lɛ ashishi. Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, nɔyeli kɛtsɔ osɔfoi ni maŋkwramɔ ehe amɛjwɛŋmɔ lɛ ní baye najiaŋ yɛ maŋtsɛ ni aaaye kɛtsɔ David anɔkwafo lɛ wekukpaa nɔ lɛ kɛ anɔkwa jɔɔmɔi ebahaaa Yudafoi lɛ.—2 Samuel 7:16; Lala 89:4, 5, 36, 37.

[Mfoniri ni yɔɔ baafa 21]

Mattathias, ni ji Yuda Makabi tsɛ lɛ bo akɛ: ‘Nyɛhaa mɔ fɛɛ mɔ ni yɔɔ ekãa kɛha Mla lɛ anyiɛa misɛɛ’

[He ni Sane lɛ Jɛ]

Mattathias miikpa Yudafoi abobalɔi lɛ fai/The Doré Bible Illustrations/Dover Publications