Timgad—Te Kaawa ae Rabunaki Nako Are A Kaotaraeaki Bwaina Aika Raba
TI BON aki kona ni kakoauaa te bwai are e noria te tia mwamwananga ae ninikoria. E noria n taunaki n te tabo ae aki rangi n nano n rereuan Algeria, te kanuringa ibukin aia tokanikai kaain Rom! Ngke e kunea te bwai aei James Bruce ae kaain Scotland n 1765, e aki ataia ae e a bon tei i aoni maeran aia tabo ni maeka kaain Rom aika moan te bubura ake akea aekana i Aberika Meang ae te kaawa rimoa ae Thamugadi, ae ataaki ngkai n arana ae Timgad.
Imwin ririki aika bati, a a kuneaki n 1881 iroun te tia rabakau ni bwain aantano mai Buranti, maeran kateitei i Timgad aika a bon taraa naba n aki mane. A iangoia naakai bwa e ngae ngke e aki rangi ni maiureirei tanon te tabo aei ao n aki kantara, ma a boni mwengaraoi ao ni maiu ni kaubwai kaaina. Ma tera ae kaungaia kaain Rom bwa a na katei kaawa aika kaubwai ake a tautaekan n te tabo anne? Ao baikara reireiara man te kaawa rimoa aei ma kaaina?
ANA KANTANINGA TE TAUTAEKA AE AKI OTARA
Ngke e a raababa nako te tautaeka n Rom nako Aberika Meang n te moan tienture B.C.E., a a bon aitara ma te karitei ae kakaiaki mairouia baronga ake a mwamwananga. A na kangaa kaain Rom ni karekea te raoi ma kaain te aono aei? N te moantai, a boni kateaki man te botaki n tautia ae te Third Augustan Legion taabo ni maeka ma taabo ni katantan aika rangi ni matoatoa aika bati, n aononi maunga aika rangi ni bubura aika a ataaki ngkai bwa Algeria meang. Imwin anne, a a katea te kaawa ae Timgad ibukin te kantaninga ae rangi ni kaokoro.
Man ana kariaia te tautaeka, a a katea Timgad kaain Rom ibukia tautia ake a a ritaea, ma oin raoi katean te kaawa aei bwa e aonga ni kerikaaki aia karitei baronga n aono akanne. E bon nakoraoi aia iango. N te tai ae waekoa, e a moanna ni korakora anaakin nanoia n te maiu ae kamwengaraoi i Timgad, naake a roko ni kabooinako aia bwai n te kaawa. A kukurei kaain te aba n raonia tautian Rom aika bati i nanon te tai ae manna 25 te ririki bwa e aonga n reke aia beeba ni kariaiakaki ae a na kaaina Rom ao natiia naba ibukina bwa a kantaningaia ae a na kariaiakaki i Timgad, are a tii kariaiakaki ni maeka iai kaain Rom.
Iai tabeman mai Aberika ake a aki rauaki n tii reken kariaiakaia ni kaaina Rom, ai ngaia are n tokina a a kakorakoraia ni karekei nakoaia aika rietata i Timgad ke kaawa riki tabeua ake a tautaekanaki. E rangi ni waaki raoi aia boto n iango kaain Rom are e aki rangi n otara, are a na kariaia kaain aono nako bwa a na rin i buakoia, bwa tii 50 te ririki imwini katean Timgad ao angiia kaaina ai boni kaain Aberika Meang.
AROIA KAAIN ROM N ANAI NANOIA AOMATA
A kangaa n rangi ni waekoa n tokanikai kaain Rom n anaakin nanoia kaain te aba? Bukina teuana, a boni kaungaa kaboraoan aroaroia kaain te aba ae te boto n reirei ae reiakinaki iroun Cicero ae kaain te auti n tei i Rom. E bon tibwatibwaaki te aba n te aro ae boraoi i marenaia tautian Rom ao kaain Aberika. E baireaki raoi te kaawa ae 20 te mita abwakina ma raababana ma nnen auti aika ireireiti ao kawai aika irariki i nukaia. Akea te nanououa bwa a rangi n ringaki nanoia kaain te aba n te aeka ni babaire are a kaboraoaki iai ma ni baireaki raoi.
N aron ae kakaraoaki ni kaawan Rom aika bati, a kona naba ni bobotaki kaain te aba n te boowi ni boongi ni mwakete ake a rangi ni bati iai aomata ni kabooinako aia bwai, bwa a na ongoraei rongorongo aika tibwa otinako ke n takaakaro. Akea te nanououa bwa a iaiangoiia naake a maeka ni maunga aika mwautakataka ake a uakaan bwa a nakonako n te bong ae kabuebue ao ni bwatakataka i aan nuuni kaai aika karinanaki. Ke a kakukureiia n teuana mai buakon taabo n tebotebo aika bati aika akea te kanrin iai ibukia aomata nako ao ni kakauongo nakon tangitangin te ran ae bwarobwaro. A kona naba n taraiia i bon irouia ngkana a tekateka i rarikini bwaronran ao ni kakaraki ma raoraoia. E taraa n ae ai aron te mii bwaai aikai ni kabane irouia.
E anaaki naba nanoia aomata n te tabo ni kamataku ae tangaina nako. Kioina ngkai e mwaawa ibukini kaintekateka aika e raka i aon 3,500, a a kona ngkanne ni mena iai aomata aika mwaitikurikuri ake a rangi ni kaberoro mai Timgad ao kaawa aika uakaan. E boni kaotiotaki naba irouia aekita te bwai ae a tatangiria kaain Rom ni kaineti ma te kaakibotu ae bwaitingako rinanoni kaotioti ake n angiin te tai e noraki iai te wene ni bure ke te tiritiri.
Bon iai naba te bwai ae karaoia te Aro n Rom. A katamaroaaki timantin ao oon taabo n tebotebo n taamnei aika rangi ni bati aika a katikimata ike a a kaotaki iai baike a riki man aia katei beekan. Kioina ngkai e kakawaki ni maiuia te tebotebo ni katoabong, a a moanna n taneiai teutana imwin teutana kaain te aba ma atuaia kaain Rom ao aia Aaro, n aia tai ni kakaraki n taabo akanne. E rangi n uaana te kakorakora ibukini kaboraoani maiuia kaain Aberika ma te katei n Rom, n te aro are n angiin te tai a a katamaroaaki kanuringa n atuaia kaain te aba ao kaain Rom aika teniman.
E A MANGA MWANUOKINAKI TE KAAWA AE TAMAROA
Imwini katean te kaawa aei iroun te Embera ae Trajan n 100 C.E., a kaungaa katauraoan te uita, oeran te oriwa ao te wain kaain Rom i aon Aberika Meang ni kabutaa. N te tai ae waekoa, e a riki te aono anne bwa ana auti ni kaikobwai Rom, ike e a kakatauraoi kaako aika rangi ni kainnanoaki aikai n te embwaea. N aroni kaawa riki tabeua ake e tautaekani, e maiu ni kaubwai naba Timgad i aan te tautaeka n Rom. Imwin tabeua te tai, e a rikirake mwaitin ana botannaomata Timgad, ao e a rakanako riki te kaawa aei i aon oona ake a kamatoaaki.
A toronibwai taani maeka n te kaawa ao a a maiu ni kaubwai taan ababa man te iokinibwai ma Rom, ma e karako kakabwaiaaia taan ununiki n te aono anne. N te katenua n tienture C.E., e a rikirake te ribuaka ao e a rangi n raka te taekiti nakoia taani karitei mai buakoia taan ununiki tabeman. A a tia tabeman mai buakoia ake a kakairi n te onimaki ni Katorika n raonia taian Donatists ake a atongia bwa Kristian ngaiia ake a karitei ibukini kairuan te Aro ni Katorika.—Nora te bwaoki ae “Taian Donatists—Tiaki te ‘Aro ae Itiaki.’”
E aikoa tautaekanaki Aberika Meang iroun Rom imwin ririki aika rangi ni bati ake a kauntaba iai Aaro, a buaka aomata i marenaia ao e niniaki te kaawa man aaba riki tabeua aika iowawa. N te kaonoua n tienture C.E., e a kaurarakeaki Timgad n akea nikirana irouia kaaini barongan Arabia ao n tokina, e a manga mwanuokinaki taekana i nanon 1,000 tabun te ririki.
“ANNE ANUANI MAIUIA!”
A kukurei taan rabakau ni bwain aantano ake a kunei ni maeran Timgad n te koroboki ae te taetae n Ratine ae kuneaki n te tabo ni boowi. E warekaki iai ae kangai: “Anuani maiuia kaaina bon te kaeman, te tebotebo, te takaakaro ao te kukurei!” E taekinna temanna te tia korea rongorongon rimoa ae te I-Buranti bwa aio boni “katotongan te karioiango ae e boni bae n akea iai tiam, ma bon te bwai teuana ae a na aki kabwaka tabeman n iangoia bwa te bwai ae karabaaki ibukin te wanawana.”
Ni koauana, bon te aeka ni maiu are a a tia kaain Rom n uaiakinna i nanon tabeua te tai. E taekinia aomata te abotoro Bauro n te moan tienture ake a karioiango ni kangai: “Ti na amwarake ma ni moi, bwa ti na mate ningabong.” E ngae ngke a taua te Aro kaain Rom, ma a maiu ni kukurei n te tai anne, ao e karako iangoan te bwai ae rangi ni kakawaki ao manenani maiuia. E kauringia raona n te onimaki Bauro bwa a na kawakinia mairouia aeka n aomata akanne ni kangai: “Tai burebureaki. A urui aroaro aika raraoi taian iraorao aika bubuaka.”—1 I-Korinto 15:32, 33.
E ngae ngke a maiu kaain Timgad 1,500 tabun te ririki n nako, ma e aki rangi ni bati te bitaki ni kaineti ma iangoan te maiu irouia. A bati aomata ni boong aikai aika a maiu ma iaiangoan tii te tai aei. A iangoia bwa e rangi n nakoraoi aia iango kaain Rom ibukin te maiu, e ngae naba ngkana baikara mwia. Ma e ngae n anne, e taekinaki n te Baibara te iango ae mataata ae kakoauaaki ni kangai: “A bibitaki baika riiriki n te aonnaba.” Mangaia are ti a kaumakaki bwa ti na ‘aki kabatiaa kabonganaan bwain aon te aba.’—1 I-Korinto 7:31.
E kaotiotaki te koaua mani maeran Timgad bwa te bwai ae karabaaki ibukin te maiu ae kakukurei ma ni manena bwa e aki reke mani mutiakinan te koroboki ane e a maan n taunaki anne i Aberika Meang. Ma e reke mani mutiakinan te kauring man te Baibara aei: “A tabe ni maunanako kaain te aonnaba ma baike a tatangiri, ma e teimatoa n aki toki ane kakaraoa nanon te Atua.”—1 Ioane 2:17.