Tɔm ɖɛzɩyaa naalɛ pɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ Bibl hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam yɔ kɩ-taa

Adɩma wena Yesu kpɛlɩkɩ ɛ-wayɩ tɩŋɩyaa nɛ payaɣ-yɛ se Ða-Caa ña weyi ŋwɛ ɛsɔdaa yɔ, ana ɛyaa sakɩyɛ kɩlɩ sɩm. Adɩma ana awɛ Bibl hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ ɖoŋ ɖoŋ se Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam yɔ kɩ-taa. Papaɣzɩɣ adɩma ana se:«Ða-Caa ña weyi ŋwɛ ɛsɔdaa yɔ, ña-hɩɖɛ yɔɔ ɛñalɩ [yaa ɛsɛɛ yaa ɛpɩsɩ kiɖeɖeye].» (Maatiyee 6:9) Ɛlɛ, Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam Biblwaa mba pɛɖɛzɩ Aŋglɛɛ kʋnʋŋ taa yɔ, Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ «Yehowa» yaa «Yahve» tɩtɔyɩ pa-taa. Paa mbʋ yɔ cɛtɩm ɛsɔnaa ɛzɩ Zeesi, Ɛrmɛɛsɩ nɛ Arɩtemiisi mbʋ yɔ pa-hɩla wɛ Biblwaa mba pa-taa. Ye mbʋ, pɩɩpɔzʋʋ se Ɛsɔ toovenim tʋ weyi ɛ-cɔlɔ Bibl lɩnaa yɔ ɛ-hɩɖɛ ɛwɛɛ Bibl taa?—Tʋma Labʋ 14:12; 19:35; 2 Timootee 3:16.

Aŋglɛɛ kʋnʋŋ taa Bibl tɔm ɖɛzɩyaa mba payaɣ se Lancelot Shadwell nɛ Frederick Parker yɔ pa-taa kaatɛma se pɩwɛɛ se papɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam taa. Ɛbɛ yɔɔ pɩwɛɛ se «papɩsɩnɩ-ɖɩ»? Mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ panɩ pɩ-taa se kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ, Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ kaawɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam taa, ɛlɛ pʋwayɩ lɛ palɩzɩ-ɖɩ. Ɛbɛ yɔɔ pamaɣzaɣ mbʋ?

Shadwell nɛ Parker paanawa se Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ wɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩbɩm takayɩsɩ taa tam kudokiŋ sakɩyɛ; kiɖe tɛɛ lɛ, Ebree kʋnʋŋ taa paama sɩ-taa sakɩyɛ. Pʋyɔɔ pɔpɔzaɣ pa-tɩ se ɛzɩ ɛbɛ yɔɔ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam takayɩsɩ nzɩ paawɛna yɔ sɩ-taa Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ fɛyɩ.a Ðɔɖɔ lɛ, Shadwell ɖiɣzinaa se alɩwaatʋ ndʋ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam lakɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩbɩm tɔm loyisi ɛzɩ «Yehowa tiyiyu» mbʋ yɔ lɛ, mba paɖaɣnaɣ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam tɔm maʋ nɛ nesi Grɛɛkɩ kʋnʋŋ taa yɔ, pɛlɛɣzɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ nɛ tɔm pee ɛzɩ Kyʹri·os pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se «Kɩbaɣlʋ» mbʋ yɔ.—2 Awiya 1:3, 15; Tʋma Labʋ 12:23.

Pʋcɔ nɛ Shadwell nɛ Parker palɩzɩɣ pe-Biblwaa mba pɛɖɛzɩ Aŋglɛɛ taa yɔ lɛ, tɔm ɖɛzɩyaa nabɛyɛ kaatɛm pɩsɩnʋʋ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ pɛ-tɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam Aŋglɛɛ Biblwaa taa. Paa mbʋ yɔ, lona pazɩ taa ɖeke papɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ.b Parker ɖɛzɩ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam piye piye Aŋglɛɛ taa (A Literal Translation of the New Testament) nɛ ɛlɩzɩ-kʋ pɩnaɣ 1863 taa. Pʋcɔ nɛ pɩtalɩɣ mbʋ lɛ, Aŋglɛɛ tɔm ɖɛzɩyʋ nɔɔyʋ taatɩɩpɩsɩnɩtɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ tam sakɩyɛ mbʋ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam Biblwaa mba paatɛm lɩzʋʋ yɔ pa-taa. Tɔm ndʋ ɖɩsɩm Lancelot Shadwell nɛ Frederick Parker yɔɔ?

Lancelot Shadwell

Lancelot Shadwell (1808-1861) kaakɛ lɔyaa nɛ ɛlakaɣ anglicane cooci. Payaɣ ɛ-caa se Sir Lancelot Shadwell; ɛlɛ ñaakɛ Aŋgletɛɛrɩ komina ñʋʋdʋ tɛɛ tʋ. Paa etisaɣ Trinita wɩlɩtʋ yɔɔ yɔ, ɛñaŋaɣ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ. Ɛyaɣaɣ-ɖɩ se «YEHOWA hɩɖɛ sɔsɔɖɛ.» Ɛɖɛzɩ Maatiyee nɛ Maarɩkɩ tɛ Evaŋgilimwaa, nɛ pa-taa lɛ ɛlabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ hɩɖɛ «Yehowa» tam 28 nɛ pɩ-tɛɛ tɔm taa lɛ ɛlabɩnɩ-ɖɩ tʋmɩyɛ tam 465.

Pɩtɩla Shadwell tɩlɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ ɛna-ɖɩ Bibl hɔɔlʋʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ se Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩbɩm nɛ pama-kʋ Ebree kʋnʋŋ taa kiɖe tɛɛ yɔ kɩ-taa. Ɛyɔɔdaa se mba pɛlɛɣzɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ nɛ tɔm piye Kyʹri·os Grɛɛkɩ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩbɩm Bibl ŋgʋ pɛɖɛzaa yɔ kɩ-taa yɔ, «patɩkɛ tɔm ɖɛzɩyaa mba pɛwɛ toovenim yɔ.»

The Gospel according to Matthew rendered into English with notes, by L. Shadwell (1859), provided by the Bodleian Libraries. Licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 2.0 UK. Modified: Text highlighted

Maatiyee 1:20 taa Shadwell calɩ labɩnʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ hɩɖɛ «Yehowa» ɛ-tɔm ɖɛzʋʋ taa. Ɛyɔɔdɩ mayaɣ ŋga kɛ-tɛ pɩ-tɛɛ tɔm taa se: «Tɔm piye [Kyʹri·os] nɖɩ palabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ mayaɣ kanɛ ka-taa nɛ masɩ lɛɛsɩ taa Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam taa yɔ ɖi-lone taa lɛ, YEHOWA pɩɩwɛɛ se pama; Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ maɣmaɣ lɛ. Nɛ pɩcɛyaa kpem se papɩsɩnɩ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ Aŋglɛɛ Bibl taa.» Ɛtasɩ yɔɔdʋʋ se: «Pɩwɛɛ se ɖɩla mbʋ nɛ pɩɖʋ hɩɖɛ Ɛsɔ. Hɩɖɛ YEHOWA yɔɔ ɛtɩŋnaa nɛ ɛlɩzɩ ɛ-tɩ nɛ ɛwɩlɩ, nɛ pɩcɛyaa kpem se ɖɩlabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ hɩɖɛ nɖɩ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɖɩyɔɔdʋʋ ɛ-tɔm yɔ.» Nɛ ɛtasɩ yɔɔdʋʋ se: «Ða-alɩwaatʋ taa Bibl ŋgʋ paha nʋmɔʋ se ɖɩlabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ [Version du roi Jacques] kɩ-taa, Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ YEHOWA wɛ tam pazɩ yem na . . . Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ maɣmaɣ lone taa lɛ, pamawa se Kɩbaɣlʋ.» Shadwell yɔɔdaa se: «Payaɣʋ Ɛsɔ se Kɩbaɣlʋ yɔ, pɩtɩmʋna paa ññɩɩ.» Ɛsɔzaa se halɩ ɛ-ɖɩɣa taa mba yaɣ-ɩ se «Kɩbaɣlʋ».

Shadwell ɖɛzɩ Maatiyee takayaɣ nɛ ɛlɩzɩ-kɛ pɩnaɣ 1859 taa. Nɛ pɩnaɣ 1861 taa lɛ, ɛkpɛndɩ Maarɩkɩ takayaɣ ŋga ɛɖɛzaa yɔ Maatiyee ñɩŋga yɔɔ nɛ ɛlɩzɩ. Nɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ sɩ tɩnaɣ. Ɛsɩbɩ 11 janvier 1861, ɛɛwɛnɩ pɩnzɩ 52. Paa mbʋ yɔ, ɛ-pana ñaɣʋ tɩkɛ falaa.

Frederick Parker

Frederick Parker (1804-1888) kaakɛ tadɩyɛ laɖʋ ñɩm tʋ nɔɔyʋ Lɔndrɩ. Ɛɛnɩ Maatiyee takayaɣ ŋga Shadwell ɖɛzaa yɔ kɔ-tɔm. Parker kaapaɣzɩ ɖɛzʋʋ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛwɛnɩ pɩnzɩ 20 mbʋ yɔ yɔ. Shadwell tisaɣ Trinita wɩlɩtʋ yɔɔ, ɛlɛ Parker ñataatisiɣ wɩlɩtʋ ndʋ tɩ-yɔɔ. Ɛmawa se: «[Tɛtɛ] nɛ [Ɛsɔ] Pɩyalʋ kʋsɔɔlʋ Cooci taa mba tɩŋa . . . mʋ toovenim . . . nɛ pɛsɛɛ Yehowa weyi e-ɖeke ɛkɛ Ðoŋ Tɩŋa Tʋ yɔ.» Parker ɖɔɖɔ maɣzɩɣ se Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam takayɩsɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa palabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ tɔm piye Kyʹri·os nɛ payaa Ɛsɔ se Kɩbaɣlʋ nɛ payaa Yesu ɖɔɖɔ se Kɩbaɣlʋ yɔ, pɩ-taa tɩtʋ kpayɩ kpayɩ nɛ piyeba nɛ pɩwɛɛ kaɖɛ se patɩlɩ tʋkaɣ ŋga kɛwɛ pa-naalɛ pɛ-hɛkʋ taa yɔ. Pʋyɔɔ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ ɛna Shadwell lɛɣzɩ tɔm piye Kyʹri·os lone taa «Yehowa» ɛ-tɔm ɖɛzʋʋ hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɩ taa yɔ, pɩɩkɛdɩnɩ-ɩ.

Ɛzɩma Parker laba nɛ ɛnɩɩ pɩ-taa mbʋ? Ɛkpɛlɩkɩ Grɛɛkɩ kʋnʋŋ nɛ ɛma takayɩsɩ nɛ Traktɩwaa sakɩyɛ taa Grɛɛkɩ kʋnʋŋ paɣtʋ. Ewobi ɖɔɖɔ Anglo-Biblical Institute sukuli. Sukuli ŋgʋ kɩ-taa, patazɩɣ Bibl takayɩsɩ taa se pɩsa nɛ pɛɖɛzɩ Aŋglɛɛ Biblwaa camɩyɛ. Pɩnaɣ 1842 taa, Parker paɣzɩ lɩzʋʋ ɛ-kajalaɣ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam tɔm ɖɛzʋʋ hɔɔlɩŋ sakɩyɛ.c

Pana wena Parker ñaɣaa se ɛpɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ ɖi-lone taa yɔ

Pɩlakɩ pɩnzɩ nasɩyɩ yɔ Parker ma tɔm pɩlɩɩnɩ tɔm pɔzʋʋ ndɩ ndɩ pʋnɛ pɩ-yɔɔ: «Ɛzɩmtaa papɩzɩɣ pɔyɔɔdɩ se Kyʹri·os sɩŋnɩ Kɩbaɣlʋ Yesu nɛ ɛzɩmtaa papɩzɩɣ nɛ pɔyɔɔdɩ se Kyʹri·os sɩŋnɩ Kɩbaɣlʋ Ɛsɔ?» «Paamaɣ tɔm piye Kyʹri·os lɛ, ɖoŋ ɖoŋ ɛbɛ yɔɔ pamaɣ-ɖɩ ɛzɩ ɛyʋ hɩɖɛ yɔ nɛ paamaɣ-ɖɩ ɛzɩ hɩɖɛ kɩsɛsɛyɛ yɔ?»

Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ Parker na Maatiyee takayaɣ ŋga Shadwell lɩzɩ pɩnaɣ 1859 yɔ nɛ tɔm ndʋ ɛlɛ yɔɔdɩ tɔm piye Kyʹri·os yɔɔ yɔ lɛ, ɛ-taa tɛ se hɔɔlɩŋ nɩɩyɩ taa lɛ «pɩwɛɛ se pɛɖɛzɩ Kyʹri·os se Yehowa.» Pʋyɔɔ ɛɖaɣnɩ ñɔɔzʋʋ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam ŋgʋ ɛɖɛzaa yɔ kɩ-tɩŋa se pɩsa nɛ ɛpɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ «Yehowa» ɖenɖe payɩ ɛ-taa tɛma se ndʋ pɛwɛɛ nɛ pɔyɔɔdʋʋ yɔ yaa Grɛɛkɩ kʋnʋŋ paɣtʋ haɣ nʋmɔʋ yɔ. Pʋyɔɔ lɛ, Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam Bibl ŋgʋ Parker ɖɛzɩ piye piye (A Literal Translation of the New Testament) nɛ ɛlɩzɩ-kʋ 1863 taa yɔ kɩ-taa Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ wɛɛ nɛ pɩtalɩ tam 187. Pɩwɛ ɛzɩ kajalaɣ ɖeɖe lɛ palɩzʋʋ Aŋglɛɛ Bibl ŋgʋ kɩ-taa palabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ Krɩstʋ Mba Grɛɛkɩ Masɩ kpeekpe taa yɔ.d

Pɩnaɣ 1864 taa Parker lɩzɩ ɖɔɖɔ Bibl nakʋyʋ nɛ kɩ-taa ɛkpɛndɩ Aŋglɛɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam Bibl ŋgʋ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛlɩzaa yɔ nɛ Aŋglɛɛ Bibl ŋgʋ paha nʋmɔʋ pa-alɩwaatʋ taa se palabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ. Lɩmaɣzɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-yɔɔ ɛkpɛndɩ Biblwaa mba pa-naalɛ nɛ pɩpɩsɩ kʋɖʋmʋʋ yɔ nɖɩ lɛ se ɛɛsɔɔlaa se ɛwɩlɩ ɖenɖe nɛ ɛzɩma Bibl ŋgʋ ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛlɩzaa yɔ kɩwɛ ndɩ nɛ lɛɛkʋ yɔ.e

Pɩsa nɛ Parker wɩlɩ se pɩcɛyaa se papɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ ɖi-lone taa lɛ, ɛlabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ Bibl ŋgʋ paha nʋmɔʋ pa-alɩwaatʋ taa se palabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ yɔ kɩ-taa masɩ sakɩyɛ, sɩ-taa nakɛyɛ lɛ Roma mba 10:13. Mayaɣ ŋga kɔtɔŋ se: «Mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ weyi ɛyaɣ Kɩbaɣlʋ hɩɖɛ yɔ, pakaɣ ɛ-ñʋʋ yabʋ.» Parker pɔzaa se: «Apɩzɩɣ nɛ ɛtɩlɩ se Aŋglɛɛ Bibl ŋgʋ kɩ-taa masɩ nzɩ sɩ-taa lɛ Yehowa tɔm pɔyɔɔdʋʋ nɛ pɩtɩkɛ ɛ-Pɩyalʋ Yesu Krɩstʋ ɖa-Kɩbaɣlʋ, . . . tɔm pɔyɔɔdʋʋ.»?

Parker labɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ liidiye sakɩyɛ nɛ ɛlɩzɩ traktɩwaa, tɔm ñʋŋ, nɛ takayɩsɩ nɛ eyele nɛ patɩlɩ-sɩ. Pɩnaɣ kʋɖʋmaɣ ɖeke taa ɛlabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ liidiye nɖɩ yɔ ye patʋʋzɩ-ɖɩ sɔnɔ yɔ ɖɩkpɛndɩ dɔlaarɩwaa 132 000. Etiyini ɖɔɖɔ takayɩsɩ nzɩ ɛlɩzaa yɔ sɩ-taa sakɩyɛ ɛ-ɛyɩsɩmaa nɛ Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ agbaa ñʋndɩnaa mba pa-hɩla sɛwa yɔ se ɛna ndʋ pamaɣzɩɣ yɔ.

Parker tɩlɩzɩ takayɩsɩ nzɩ ɛmawa yɔ nɛ Nɔɔ Ham Kɩfam mbʋ ɛɖɛzaa yɔ nɛ pɩɖɔɔ; nɛ lɔŋsɩnɖaa nabɛyɛ nim ɛ-takayɩsɩ nzɩ. Patɩŋnɩ nʋmɔʋ ŋgʋ kɩ-yɔɔ nɛ pawɩlɩ se pana wena Parker, Shadwell nɛ ɛyaa lalaa pañaɣaa se papɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ hɩɖɛ ɖi-lone taa Aŋglɛɛ Nɔɔ Haʋ Kɩfam Bibl taa yɔ, atɩmʋ ñɩm pɛ-ɛsɩndaa.

Pɩtɩla ɖɔɖɔ yɔ pɩkɛdɩɣnɩ-ŋ se ŋcɔnɩ cɛcɛsɩ 10 tɛ video kʋnɛ nɛ ŋtɩlɩ nɛ pɩkɩlɩ: «Expositions au musée de Warwick: « La Bible et le nom divin».