Lefèvre d’Étaples​—ƐƐSƆƆLAA SE PAA ANƖ ƐPƖZƖ NƐ ƐTƖLƖ ƐSƆTƆM

Kujuka tanaŋ nakʋyʋ tɛɛ pɩnaɣ 1520 ɖɩbazɩyɛ, pɩɩlabɩ piti tɛtʋ ndʋ tɩñɔtɩnɩ Paarii nɛ payaɣ-tʋ se Meaux yɔ, tɩ-taa ñɩma se pakalɩ-wɛ Evaŋgilimwaa pa-maɣmaɣ pa-kʋnʋŋ taa, pʋ-tɔbʋʋ se Fransɩɩ taa. Ðooo lɛ, Latin kʋnʋŋ taa pakalaɣ-wɛ tʋ!

Weyi ɛɛɖɛ nɔɔ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩ-taa yɔ, ɛnʋ lɛ Jacques Lefèvre d’Étaples. Pʋwayɩ ɛma takayaɣ nakɛyɛ ɛ-taabalʋ nɔɔyʋ nɛ eheyi-i se: “Toovenim lɛ, Ɛsɔ wɛɛ ɛsɩɣnɩ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ se patɩlɩ ɛ-Tɔm.”

Alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa lɛ, Katooliki cooci nɛ Ɛsɔtɔm wɩlɩyaa mba paawɛ Paarii tɛtʋ taa yɔ, pataasɔɔlɩ se ɛyaa ɛlabɩnɩ tʋmɩyɛ Bibl ŋgʋ pɛɖɛzɩ-kʋ kʋnʋmɩŋ lɛɛŋ taa yɔ. Ye mbʋ, ɛbɛ yɔɔ Lefèvre ñaalabɩ lɩmaɣza se ɛɖɛzɩɣ Bibl Fransɩɩ kʋnʋŋ taa? Nɛ ɛbɛ ɛlaba se pɩsɩnɩ paa anɩ nɛ ɛtɩlɩ Ɛsɔtɔm?

ƐÑƖNAƔ SE ƐNƖƖ BIBL TƆM TAA CAMƖYƐ

Pʋcɔ nɛ Lefèvre pɩsɩɣ Bibl tɔm ɖɛzɩyʋ lɛ, ɛñakaɣ pana siŋŋ se caanaʋ takayɩsɩ nzɩ sɩyɔɔdʋʋ ɛyʋ lɛɣtʋ nɛ Ɛsɔ sɛtʋ tɔm yɔ, sitaale. Ɛnawa se pɩnzɩ mɩnɩŋ wayɩ lɛ, takayɩsɩ kɩbɩnzɩ taa tɔm pɩzɩɣ nɛ tɩwɛɛ ndɩ nɛ kajalaɣ ñɩnzɩ, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ mba paɖaɣnɩ-sɩ maʋ yɔ, patɩma-sɩ yaa patɩɖɛzɩ sɩ-tɔm camɩyɛ. Pɩsa nɛ ɛtɩlɩ Bibl tɔm camɩyɛ lɛ, ɛɖʋ ɛ-taa se ɛkpɛlɩkɩɣ yaa ɛtazɩɣ Latin kʋnʋŋ taa Bibl ŋgʋ Katooliki cooci lakaɣnɩ tʋmɩyɛ siŋŋ ɛ-alɩwaatʋ taa nɛ payaɣ-kʋ se Vulgate yɔ, kɩ-taa camɩyɛ.

Bibl kpɛlɩkʋʋ mbʋ pɩsɩnɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛnɩɩ pɩ-taa se toovenim tɔm ndʋ tɩlɩnɩ Ɛsɔ cɔlɔ yɔ, ti-ɖeke tɩhaɣnɩ ɛyʋ lidaʋ ŋgʋ kɩkɔŋnɩ koboyaɣ siŋŋ nɛ pɩkpaɖɩ yɔ. Peeɖe Lefèvre yebi ɛyaa lɔŋsɩnɖɛ takayɩsɩ tɔm taa tazʋʋ hɔɔlʋʋ nɛ ɛka ñʋʋ se ɛɖɛzɩɣ Bibl tɔm.

Pɩnaɣ 1509 taa lɛ, Lefèvre lɩzɩ takayaɣ nakɛyɛ nɛ ka-taa lɛ, ɛkpaɣ Keɣsia takayɩsɩ ndɩ ndɩ nzɩ pama-sɩ Latin kʋnʋŋ taa yɔ, nɛ ɛkɛdɩnɩ ɖama nɛ ɛɖaɣnɩ ñɔɔzʋʋ Vulgate Bibl. Ɛɛwɛ ndɩ nɛ ɛ-alɩwaatʋ taa Ɛsɔtɔm kpɛlɩkɩyaa lalaa, mbʋ pʋyɔɔ yɔ, ɛɛñaɣ pana siŋŋ se Bibl hɔɔlɩŋ taa nɩʋ ɛwɛɛ kɛlɛʋ. Ɛzɩma ɛlɩzaɣ Bibl hɔɔlɩŋ tɔbʋʋ yɔ, pitukuni Bibl takayɩsɩ yɔɔ lɔŋsɩnɖaa nɛ mba pañɩnaɣ se pɔñɔɔzɩ cooci wɩlɩtʋ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa yɔ, siŋŋ.​—Kalɩ aɖakaɣ: “Ɛzɩma Lefèvre tʋmɩyɛ sɩnɩ Luther yɔ.”

Ɛzɩma Lefèvre kaawɛ Katooliki cooci taa kpaɣ ɖooo ɛ-pɩjatʋ taa yɔ, pɩsɩnɩ-ɩ nɛ ɛna se pɩsa nɛ pɔñɔɔzɩ cooci wɩlɩtʋ lɛ, pɩpɔzʋʋ se pawɩlɩ Bibl tɔm camɩyɛ nɛ paa anɩ ɛnɩɩ tɩ-taa. Ɛlɛ alɩwaatʋ ndʋ tɩ-taa lɛ, Bibl takayɩsɩ sakɩyɛ kaawɛ Latin kʋnʋŋ taa. Ye mbʋ, ɛzɩma ɛyaa tɩŋa pɩzɩɣ nɛ patɩlɩ Ɛsɔtɔm camɩyɛ?

BIBL ŊGƲ PAA ANƖ ƐPƖZƖƔ NƐ ƐWƐƐNA YƆ

Ɛzɩma Lefèvre kaasɔɔlɩ Ɛsɔtɔm pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ yɔ, piyeba nɛ ɛɖʋ ɛ-taa se ɛñakɩ pana nɛ tɩtalɩ paa anɩ. Pʋyɔɔ pɩnaɣ 1523 Mɩsɩgʋm fenaɣ taa lɛ, ɛlɩzɩ Evaŋgilimwaa Fransɩɩ taa, ɛma-wɛ takayɩsɩ cikpesi naalɛ taa. Ɛzɩma sɩɩmaɣnɩ pazɩ pazɩ yɔ, sɩtaawɛɛ liidiye ɛzɩ sɔsɔɔ ŋga ka-taa pɛkpɛndɩ sɩ-naalɛ yɔ. Pʋyɔɔ lɛ, pɩɩwɛ kɛlɛʋ ɛyaa sakɩyɛ se pɛwɛɛnɩ Bibl taa takayɩsɩ nasɩyɩ.

Samaɣ taa labɩ leleŋ siŋŋ nɛ ɛ-takayɩsɩ nzɩ. Ɛzɩma paasɔɔlaa se pakalɩ Yesu tɔm pa-maɣmaɣ pa-kʋnʋŋ taa yɔ, piyeba nɛ paa paalabɩ takayɩsɩ nzɩ sɩɖɔɔ ɛzɩ 1200 yɔ, sɩtɩtalɩ ɛyaa, fenasɩ cabɩ wayɩ lɛ, pɛtɛm sɩ-tɩŋa yabʋ.

ƐLƲBƖ BIBL YƆƆ NƐ ABALƖTƲ

Takayɩsɩ nzɩ sɩ-kɔɔnɔɔ tɔm taa lɛ, Lefèvre yɔɔdaa se ɛnʋ ɖɛzɩ Evaŋgilimwaa Fransɩɩ taa se cooci taa “paa anɩ ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛnɩɩ pɔ-tɔbʋʋ kɛlɛʋ ɛzɩ mba pakalɩɣ Evaŋgilimwaa mba Latin kʋnʋŋ taa yɔ.” Ɛlɛ ɛbɛ yɔɔ Lefèvre kaasɔɔlaa kpem se ɛsɩnɩ ɛyaa nɛ patɩlɩ camɩyɛ tɔm ndʋ Bibl maɣmaɣ wɩlɩɣ yɔ?

Lefèvre kaanawa se Katooliki cooci yeba nɛ ɛyaa lɔŋsɩnɖɛ wɛɛnɩ ɖoŋ kɩ-wɩlɩtʋ yɔɔ. (Maarkɩ 7:7; Koloosi 2:8) Nɛ ɛɛnawa se alɩwaatʋ talaa se posusi Evaŋgilimwaa kedeŋa kpeekpe yɔɔ nɛ pɩsɩnɩ ɛyaa nɛ palɩɩ cɛtɩm wɩlɩtʋ yomiye taa.

Lefèvre ñaɣ pana ɖɔɖɔ nɛ ɛwɩlɩ se mba pakaɖɩɣnɩ Bibl tɔm ɖɛzʋʋ Fransɩɩ taa yɔ, pɛfɛyɩnɩ toovenim. Ekuli pɩ-tɛɛ nɛ pɩ-yɔɔ lakasɩ nzɩ pɛwɛna yɔ, sɩ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛyɔɔdɩ se: “Ɛzɩma papɩzɩɣ nɛ pawɩlɩ ɛyaa paɣtʋ ndʋ Yesu pɔzʋʋ-wɛ se pɔɖɔ tɩ-yɔɔ yɔ, ye patɩsɔɔlɩ kaaʋ se paa anɩ ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛkalɩ laŋhɛzɩyɛ tɔm ɛ-maɣmaɣ ɛ-kʋnʋŋ taa?”​—Roma 10:14.

Ɛsɔtɔm wɩlɩyaa mba paawɛ Paarii sukuli sɔsɔʋ ŋgʋ payaɣ-kʋ se Sorbonne yɔ, kɩ-taa yɔ, pa-taa tɩla leleŋ nɛ pañaɣ pana se Lefèvre tʋmɩyɛ ɛsɩɩ tɩnaɣ. Pɩnaɣ 1523, Kɩyɛɛna fenaɣ taa, pakaɖɩnɩ takayɩsɩ nzɩ sɩyɔɔdʋʋ Bibl tɔm yɔ sɩ-ɖɛzʋʋ kʋnʋmɩŋ lɛɛŋ taa nɛ pɔyɔɔdɩ se pɩkɛnɩ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɖɩkaɖɩɣnɩ cooci yɔ. Ye pɩtaakɛ Fransɩ Wiyaʋ weyi payaɣ se Francis I yɔ, ɛ-yɔɔ kɔyɔ, paahʋʋnɩ Lefèvre tɔm se ɛkaɖɩɣnɩ cooci wɩlɩtʋ.

ƐTƐZƖ TƆM ÐƐZƲƲ TƲMƖYƐ NÐƖ ƐƐPAƔZAA YƆ MƐSAƔ TƐƐ

Lefèvre tiyele se ɛzɩma pakaɖaɣnɩ-ɩ siŋŋ yɔ, pɩsɩnzɩ Bibl tɔm ɖɛzʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ ɛpaɣzaa yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1524 taa, ɛtɛm ɖɛzʋʋ Grɛɛkɩ Masɩ lɛ, ɛlɩzɩ ɖɔɖɔ Keɣsi takayaɣ Fransɩɩ taa se pɩsɩnɩ Ɛsɔ sɛyaa nɛ patɩmnɩ Ɛsɔ nɛ pa-laŋɩyɛ pilim nɛ peheyi-i pa-lɩmaɣza camɩyɛ.

Ɛsɔtɔm wɩlɩyaa mba paawɛ Sorbonne sukuli sɔsɔʋ taa yɔ, patɩɩmʋ Lefèvre takayɩsɩ nzɩ lɛ, papaɣzɩ sɩ-taa tazʋʋ piye piye. Pitileɖi lɛ, paɖʋ paɣtʋ se pañaɣzɩ Grɛɛkɩ Masɩ nzɩ miŋ samaɣ ɛzɩdaa nɛ pɔyɔɔdɩ ɖɔɖɔ se Lefèvre takayɩsɩ lɛɛsɩ ɖʋʋ nesi Luther wɩlɩtʋ ndʋ tɩkaɖɩɣnɩ cooci wɩlɩtʋ yɔ. Paya Lefèvre se ewolo nɛ ɛyɔɔdɩ pɛ-ɛzɩdaa mbʋ pʋyɔɔ ɛlɩzɩ takayɩsɩ nzɩ lɛ, etisi nɛ ewolo, ɛlɛ esu tamɩyɛ eticosi-wɛ natʋyʋ nɛ pʋwayɩ lɛ, ese nɛ ɛɖɛɛ Strasbourg tɛtʋ taa. Ewobi peeɖe lɛ, ewolo pɩ-yɔɔ nɛ ɛɖɛzɩɣ Bibl tɔm mɛsaɣ tɛɛ. Paa ɛyaa kaamaɣzaɣ se ɛ-lakasɩ nzɩ sɩwɩlɩɣ se ɛfɛyɩ abalɩtʋ yɔ, ɛɛnawa se mbʋ pɩɩwɛ se ɛla nɛ ecosi mba pa-paa fɛyɩnɩ Bibl taa toovenim mbʋ pɩkɛ ñɩm pʋyʋ siŋŋ ɛzɩ “ñɩɣlɩm wondu” yɔ.​—Maatiyee 7:6.

Lefèvre sewa nɛ pɩla ɛzɩ pɩnaɣ lɛ, wiyaʋ Francis I lɩzɩ-ɩ se ɛkɛ ɛ-pɩyalʋ Charles weyi ɛwɛnɩ pɩnzɩ naanza yɔ, ɛ-wɩlɩyʋ. Lɛɛlɛɛyɔ Lefèvre hiɣ alɩwaatʋ camɩyɛ se ɛtɛzɩnɩ Bibl ɖɛzʋʋ tʋmɩyɛ nɖɩ eɖiɣni labʋ yɔ. Pɩnaɣ 1530 taa lɛ, ɛtɛm Bibl kpeekpe ɖɛzʋʋ Fransɩɩ taa nɛ ɛtɩŋnɩ wiyaʋ Charles V yɔɔ nɛ palɩzɩ-kʋ tɛtʋ ndʋ payaɣ se Anvers yɔ, tɩ-taa.b

NDƲ ƐMAƔZAƔ YƆ, TƖ-TƖŊA TƖTƖPƖZƖ NƐ TƖKƆƆ PƖ-TAA

Lefèvre wezuu caɣʋ kpeekpe taa lɛ, ɛmaɣzaɣ se Katooliki cooci kaɣ yebu ɛyaa sɔnzɩ tʋmɩyɛ labɩnʋʋ nɛ pɔñɔɔnɩ ndʋ Bibl wɩlɩɣ yɔ. Ɛ-naʋ taa lɛ, paa Krɩstʋ tʋ weyi lɛ, ɛwɛnɩ waɖɛ yaa pɩkɛnɩ-ɩ kɩjɛyʋʋ se ɛkalɩɣ nɛ ɛkpɛlɩkɩɣ Bibl ɛ-tɩ yɔɔ. Pʋyɔɔ ɛlʋbɩ siŋŋ se paa anɩ ɛpɩzɩ nɛ ɛwɛɛnɩ Bibl. Paa Katooliki cooci ɛtɩlɛɣzɩ kɩ-wɩlɩtʋ ɛzɩ Lefèvre kaasɔɔlʋʋ yɔ, ɛ-tʋmɩyɛ wazɩ ɛyaa pɩdɩɩfɛyɩ, ɖiyeba nɛ paa anɩ ɛtɩlɩ yaa ɛwɛɛnɩ Ɛsɔtɔm.