Nkimba Umoyo cho Choni?
Vyo Ibayibolo likwamula
Mu Bayibolo izyu ilyakuti ‘umoyo’ pamo ‘umuzimu’, ling’anamuliwe ukufuma ku mazyu agha Chihebeli aghakuti neʹphesh sona agha Chigiliki aghakuti psy·kheʹ. Muchihebeli likung’anamula “ichabumi cho chikufuta” sona mu Chigiliki likung’anamula “ichinthu ichabumi.”a Polelo, umuzimu te chinthu chimo cho chikubukilila ukuba nu bumi nanthi ichinthu ichabumi chafwa loli mubili wosi uwa chabumi. Za twennye mo Ibayibolo likulangizizya ukuti umuzimu mubili wosi uwa munthu:
U Chala atakamupa u Adamu umuzimu, loli akaba ‘muzimu uwabumi’
Bo u Yehova u Chala apela umunthu uwabwandilo u Adamu, Ibayibolo likunena ukuti ‘umunthu akaba muzimu uwabumi.’ (Ubwandilo 2.7, King James Version) U Chala atakamupa u Adamu umuzimu loli akiza aba muzimu pamo umunthu uwabumi.
Ibayibolo likunena ukuti umuzimu ghungalya ichakulya, ghungalonda ichakulya, ghungalya, ghungivwila indaghilo sona ghungakola umuvimba. (Abanya Levi 5.2; 7.20; 23.30; Ukukumbusya Indaghilo 12.20; Aba Loma 13.1) Ukuti vyosi ivi vibombiwe vikulondiwa umubili wosi uwa munthu.
Ka umuzimu butakufwa?
Umuzimu bukufwa. Amavesi aghinji agha mu Bayibolo ghakunena ukuti umuzimu ghukufwa. Ennya ivifwanikizyo ivyakukonkhapo:
‘Umuzimu gho ghukunanga, ghukufwa.’—Ezekieli 18.4, 20, King James Version.
Mu kabalilio aka Baizilayeli, ichilango cho chikapelekiwa kwa munthu yo abomba imbibi inkhulu chikaba chakuti ‘umuzimu wache wudumuliwe.’ (Ukusoka 12.15, 19; Abanya Levi 7.20, 21, 27; 19.8, King James Version) Umunthu uyu ‘akaghoghiwanga.’—Ukusoka 31.14, King James Version.
Mu mavesi ghamo agha mu Bayibolo, amazyu aghakuti ‘umuzimu uwakufwa’ ghakung’anamula umuvimba. (Abanya Levi 21.11; Ukubaligwa 6.6.) Nangabuli muma Bayibolo aghinji bakubombezya amazyu aghakuti “umubili uwakufwa” pamo “umunthu uwakufwa,” loli mu Chihebeli ichakale bakabombezya amazyu aghakuti neʹphesh, pamo “umuzimu.”
Amazyu aghakuti “umuzimu” ghangang’anamula sona ukuti “ubumi”
Ibayibolo likubombezya sona amazyu aghakuti “umuzimu” nanthi likunena ivya “bumi.” Umwakufwanikizya isimbo ilya Jobu 33.22 likubombezya amazyu agha Chihebeli aghakuti “umuzimu” (neʹphesh) ukung’anamula “ubumi.” Umwakuyana bulo Ibayibolo likunena ukuti umuzimu uwa munthu pamo ubumi bungaba pa ngozi pamo ghungafwa.—Ukusoka 4.19; Abalongi 9.17; Aba Filipi 2.30.
Pakubombezya amazyu aghakuti “umuzimu” vikutwavwa ukwivwisya amavesi gho babombezizye amazyu aghakuti umuzimu ‘ghukufumamo.’ (Ubwandilo 35.18; King James Version) Ifundo iyi yikulangizya ukuti ubumi bwa munthu bukumala. Amabayibolo ghamo ghakubombezya amazyu gho ghakwaghiwa pa Ubwandilo 35.18 aghakuti ‘akafuta akabumalilo.’—Good News Translation; New Jerusalem Bible.
Nkhimba ichimanyisyo ichakuti umuzimu ghutakufwa chikafuma kwi?
Ivipanga ivya Chikilisitu vyo vikumanyisya ukuti umuzimu ghutakufwa, vikafuma ni chimanyisyo ichi ku Bagiliki abakumanyila nkhani. Ibuku ilya Encyclopædia Britannica likunena ukuti: “Inkhani izya mu Bayibolo izyakunena ivya muzimu akabalilo akinji zikunena ivya chinthu cho chikufuta sona zitakunenapo ukuti umubili nu muzimu vinthu vibili ivyakupambana. Ichimanyisyo ichakuti umubili nu muzimu vinthu vibili ivyakupambana cho Abakilisitu bamo bakusubila chikafumila ku Bagiliki abakale.”
U Chala atakuhoboka na banthu bo bakongannya ivimanyisyo vyache na mahala agha banthu, ngati ichimanyisyo ichakuti umuzimu ghutakufwa. Mu malo mwache, Ibayibolo likutuchevya ukuti: ‘Muchebaghe ukuti patakabepo nayumo umuntu uwakubapangisya ukuba bazya na mazyu aghamahala aghabuzimbuli ghagho ghakufuma ku nyiho izya banthu aba muchisu ichapasi ichi.’—Aba Kolosi 2.8.
a Ennya ibuku ilya The New Brown, Driver, and Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, papeji 659, sona ilya Lexicon in Veteris Testamenti Libros, papeji 627. Abanthu abinji bo bakung’anamula Ibayibolo bakung’anamulila amazyu aghakuti neʹphesh sona aghakuti psy·kheʹ muzila izyakupambanapambana ukuyana na mo inkhani yibeleye, bakubombezya amazyu ngati aghakuti “umuzimu,” “ubumi,” “umunthu,” “ichipeliwa,” pamo “umubili.”