Nshapita Wa Dikumi Ne Muisatu

Bakalenge Babidi badi Baluangana

1, 2. Bua tshinyi tudi ne bua kutuma ntema ku mulayi udibu bafunde mu Danyele nshapita wa 11?

BAKALENGE babidi badi baluangana mvita ya katshi ku dînu bafuila bukokeshi bua buloba. Mu bungi bua bidimu, mukalenge umue udi upeta bukokeshi ebu, pashishe mukuabu udi ubupeta, benda bashintulukangana. Ku misangu, mukalenge umue udi ukokesha padi mukuabu katshiyi umvuika, ne mvita itu yanji kuimana mu bikondo kampanda. Kadi pashishe mvita mikuabu idi ituadija diakamue ne itungunuka. Munkatshi mua baluanganyi ba mvita eyi mudi: Mukalenge wa bena Sulia Selewuku I Nicator, Mukalenge wa bena Ejipitu Petolemeye Lagus, Kleyopatra I, uvua muana wa mfumu wa mu Sulia wakalua Mukalenge-mukaji mu Ejipitu, ba-Amperere bena Lomo: Augusto ne Tibelio, ne Mukalenge-mukaji Zénobie wa mu Palmyre. Padi mvita isemena ku ndekelu kuayi, Allemagne wa bena Nazi, nsangilu wa matunga a ba-koministe, Bukokeshi bua Bukole bua États-Unis ne Angleterre, Nsangilu wa Matunga ne Bulongolodi bua Matunga Masanga mbabuele pabu mu mvita eyi. Kadi kakuena nansha tshimue tshia ku bisumbu bia tshididi ebi tshidi tshimanye mushindu wajika mvita eyi to. Muanjelu wa Yehowa wakamanyisha Danyele mulayi eu mulenga kukadi bidimu bitue ku 2500.—Danyele, nshapita wa 11.

² Danyele uvua ne bua kuikala musanke bikole pakumvuaye muanjelu umumvuija mu kanungu ne mu kanungu mushindu uvua mvita eyi ne bua kuenzeka pankatshi pa bakalenge babidi! Muanda eu udi ututangila tuetu petu, bualu mvita eyi idi bakalenge babidi baluangana bafuila bukokeshi idi itungunuka too ne matuku etu aa. Patudi tumona mushindu udi malu adi menzeke kale aleja mudi tshitupa tshia kumpala tshia mulayi eu tshikumbane, bidi bikolesha ditabuja dietu ne dishindika dietu dia se: tshitupa tshia ndekelu tshia muyuki eu wa tshiprofete netshikumbane bushuwa. Dituma ntema ku mulayi eu nedituambuluishe bua kujingulula bimpe tshikondo tshitukadi. Nedikoleshe kabidi dipangadika dietu dia kubenga kubuelakana mu mvita eyi, eku bashale bindile Nzambi ne lutulu bua kutuluilaye mvita. (Musambu 146:3, 5) Nenku tutelejayi ne ntema ya bungi tshidi muanjelu wa Yehowa wambila Danyele.

UDI ULUISHA BUKALENGE BUA GELIKA

3. Nnganyi uvua muanjelu mukuatshishe “mu tshidimu tshia kumudilu tshia Dayawesha muena Madai”?

³ Muanjelu wakamba ne: ‘Meme panyi, mu tshidimu tshia kumudilu tshia bukokeshi bua Dayawesha, muena Madai [539/538 K.B.B.], ngakimana bua kumukuatshisha ne kumukolesha.’ (Danyele 11:1) Dayawesha katshivua kabidi ne muoyo to, kadi muanjelu wakakula bua bukalenge buende bu ntuadijilu wa mukenji eu wa tshiprofete. Mukalenge eu ke uvua mutume dîyi bua bapatule Danyele mu buina bua ntambue. Dayawesha uvua kabidi muele mukenji bua bantu bende bonso batshine Nzambi wa Danyele. (Danyele 6:21-27) Kadi muntu uvua muanjelu muimane bua kukuatshisha kavua Dayawesha muena Madai to, kadi uvua Mikaele, mukalenge wa bana babu ne Danyele. (Bala Danyele 10:12-14.) Muanjelu wa Nzambi wakakuatshisha Mikaele pavuaye uluangana ne demon mukokeshi wa ampire wa bena Madai ne bena Pelasa.

4, 5. Mbamfumu banayi kayi ba Pelasa bavuabu bamanyishe?

⁴ Muanjelu wakatungunuka wamba ne: ‘Tangila! Bamfumu basatu bakuabu nebabike mu buloba bua Pelasa; pashishe, muinayi neapite bakuabu bonso bubanji. Papetaye bukole bua bungi bua bubanji buende, neenzeje bantu bende bonso bua kuyabu kuluangana ne ba mu bukalenge bua bena Gelika.’ (Danyele 11:2) Mbanganyi bavua bakalenge aba bena Pelasa?

⁵ Bakalenge basatu ba kumpala bavua Kolesha Munene, Cambyse II ne Dayawesha I. Bu muvua Bardiya (peshi muntu mukuabu uvua mudibambidike bu mukalenge, diende Gaumata) mukokeshe anu ngondo muanda mutekete patupu, mulayi eu kauvua muangate bukokeshi buende bua matuku makese ne mushinga to. Mu 490 K.B.B., mfumu muisatu, Dayawesha I, wakakeba bua kukuata ditunga dia Gelika musangu muibidi. Kadi bakatshimuna bena Pelasa ku Marathon ne bobu kunyemena mu Asia Mukese. Nansha muakalua Dayawesha kudilongolola bimpe bua kuluisha kabidi Gelika, kakaluangana mvita ayi to bualu wakafua kunyima kua bidimu binayi. Wakayishila muanende Shasete I wakamupingana mu nkuasa, mfumu ‘muinayi.’ Yeye ke uvua Mukalenge Ahashawelosha wakasela Esetê.—Esetê 1:1; 2:15-17.

6, 7. (a) Mmunyi muvua mukalenge muinayi ‘muenzeje bantu bende bonso bua kuyabu kuluangana ne ba mu bukalenge bua bena Gelika’? (b) Ntshinyi tshivua tshipeta tshia mvita ivua Shasete muele Gelika?

⁶ Bushuwa, Shasete I ‘wakenzeja bantu bende bonso bua kuyabu kuluangana ne ba mu bukalenge bua bena Gelika,’ mbuena kuamba ne: provense midikadile ya bena Gelika. Mukanda mukuabu udi wamba ne: “Bu muvuabu bamusake kudi bantu bavuaye wenza nabu mudimu bavua bakeba malu manene, Shasete wakabundula mvita ya panshi ne ya pa mâyi.” (The Medes and Persians—Conquerors and Diplomats) Hérodote, mufundi wa miyuki ya kale muena Gelika wa mu bidimu bia 400 K.B.B., udi ufunda ne: “ku basalayi batukadi bamone baye ku mvita, aba bavua bungi kabuyi kuelekeja.” Muyuki wende udi uleja ne: basalayi ba pa mâyi “bonso basanga bavua 517610. Basalayi ba panshi bavua 1700000; ba pa tubalu bavua 80000; ku bungi ebu tudi tusakidila ba-Alaba (Arabes) bavua bendela pa tumelo ne bena Libue (Libye) bavua bendesha matempu a mvita, bandi ntshinka ne: bavua 20000. Nunku bungi buonso busanga bua basalayi ba panshi ne ba pa mâyi buvua bua balume 2317610.”

⁷ Bu muvua tshipatshila tshiende tshikale anu tshia kukuata Gelika mujima, Shasete I wakamata mu njila ne tshiluilu tshiende tshinenanenayi mu 480 K.B.B. Nansha muvua bena Gelika benze mayele makole ku Thermopyles, bena Pelasa bakasunsulula Atena. Kadi ku Salamine, bena Gelika kubatshimunabu bibi menemene. Bena Gelika bakatshimuna kabidi ku Platées mu 479 K.B.B. Ku bakalenge muanda mutekete bakapingana Shasete mu nkuasa wa Ampire wa bena Pelasa mu bidimu 143 biakalonda, nansha umue kakela Gelika mvita. Kadi pashishe kuakajuka mukalenge mukuabu wa bukitu mu Gelika.

BADI BATAPULULA BUKALENGE BUNENE MU BITUPA BINAYI

8. ‘Mmukalenge wa bukitu’ kayi wakajuka, ne mmunyi muakafikaye ku ‘dikokesha ne bukokeshi bukole’?

⁸ Muanjelu wakamba ne: ‘Mukalenge wa bukitu neabike, neakokeshe ne bukokeshi bukole, neenze bu mudi mutshima wende musue.’ (Danyele 11:3) Aleksandre (uvua ne bidimu 20) ‘wakabika’ bu mukalenge wa mu Makedonia mu 336 K.B.B. Wakalua bushuwa ‘mukalenge wa bukitu,’ Aleksandre Munene. Mu dilonda mayele akavua tatuende Filipe II muenze, wakakuata provense ya bena Pelasa ku Proche-Orient. Basalayi bende 47000 bakasabuka musulu wa Pelata ne wa Tigre, kumuangalajabu basalayi 250000 ba Dayawesha III ku Gaugamèles. Pashishe, Dayawesha kunyemaye ne bobu kulua kumushipa, ke mulongo wa bamfumu ba bena Pelasa kutuawu ku tshibungubungu. Mpindieu Gelika kuluaye bukokeshi bua bukole, ne Aleksandre ‘wakakokesha ne bukokeshi bukole ne wakenza bu muvua mutshima wende musue.’

9, 10. Mmunyi muakakumbana mulayi uvua wamba ne: bukalenge bua Aleksandre kabuvua ne bua kuya kudi bana bende?

⁹ Aleksandre kavua ne bua kukokesha buloba mutantshi mule to, bualu muanjelu wa Nzambi wakamba ne: ‘Patantamanaye, [nebatshibule] bukalenge buende, nebabutapulule too ne ku mpepele inayi ya mu diulu; kadi kabena babupiana kudi bana bende, kabuena buikala ne bukole buakadibu nabu pakadiye ubukokesha; bualu bua nebabuangate, nebabupeshe banga bantu badi kabayi ba munkatshi mua bantu bende.’ (Danyele 11:4) Aleksandre kavua muanji kukumbaja bidimu 33 pakamukuata disama dia tshimpitshimpi diakamushipa mu Babulona mu 323 K.B.B.

¹⁰ Ampire munene wa Aleksandre kabakamupiana kudi ‘bana bende’ to. Muanabu Filipe III Arrhidée wakakokesha bidimu bishadile ku muanda mutekete, ne mu 317 K.B.B., Olympias mamuende wa Aleksandre wakatuma dîyi ne bobu kumushipa. Aleksandre IV, muana wa Aleksandre, wakakokesha too ne mu 311 pakamushipabu kudi Cassandre, umue wa ku ba-jenerale ba tatuende. Héraclès, muana uvua Aleksandre mulele ne mukaji wa ndumba, wakakeba bua kukokesha mu dîna dia tatuende, kadi bakamushipa mu 309. Mushindu’au ke wakajika mulongo wa Aleksandre, ‘bukalenge buende’ buakumbuka kudi ba mu dîku diende.

11. Mmushindu kayi uvua bukalenge bua Aleksandre ‘babutapulule too ne ku mpepele inayi ya mu diulu’?

¹¹ Kunyima kua lufu lua Aleksandre, ‘bakatapulula [bukalenge buende] too ne ku mpepele inayi.’ Ba-jenerale bende bavule bakaluishangana bafuila maloba. Antigonus I, jenerale uvua ne dîsu dimue, wakakeba bua kuangata ampire mujima wa Aleksandre. Kadi bakamushipa mu mvita mu musoko wa Ipsus, mu Phrygie. Mu 301 K.B.B., banayi ba ku ba-jenerale ba Aleksandre ke bavua bakokesha mu teritware munene uvua mfumuabu mukuate. Cassandre uvua ukokesha mu Makedonia me mu Gelika. Lisimake wakangata Asia Mukese ne Thrace. Selewuku I Nicator wakangata yeye Mesopotamia ne Sulia. Ne Petolemeye Lagus wakangata Ejipitu ne Palestine. Dîyi dia tshiprofete diakakumbana, ampire munene wa Aleksandre bakamutapulula mu makalenge anayi a bena Gelika.

BAKALENGE BABIDI BAKINANGANE BADI BAJUKA

12, 13. (a) Mmunyi muvua makalenge anayi a bena Gelika mashale abidi? (b) Mmulongo wa bakokeshi kayi wakajadika Selewuku mu Sulia?

¹² Bidimu bikese kunyima kua yeye mumane kuangata bukalenge, Cassandre wakafua, ne mu 285 K.B.B., Lisimake wakakuata tshitupa tshia Ampire wa Gelika tshia ku Mputu. Mu 281, Selewuku I Nicator wakashipa Lisimake mu mvita, ke yeye kuangata tshitupa tshinene tshia maloba a mu Asia. Antigonus II Gonatas, munkana wa umue wa ku ba-jenerale ba Aleksandre, wakasomba mu nkuasa wa bumfumu mu Makedonia mu 276 K.B.B. Panyima, Makedonia wakalua ku bukokeshi bua bena Lomo ne ndekelu wa bionso kushalaye provense wa bena Lomo mu 146 K.B.B.

¹³ Mpindieu ku makalenge anayi a bena Gelika, anu abidi ke akashala matumbe: bua Selewuku I Nicator ne bua Petolemeye Lagus. Selewuku wakajadika mulongo wa bakokeshi ba Selesiya mu Sulia. Munkatshi mua bimenga biakasaye muvua Antiokia (tshimenga tshikulu tshipiatshipia tshia Sulia) ne tshimenga tshia Seleukia tshia ku tshitudilu tshia mazuwa. Mupostolo Paulo wakalua kulongesha mu Antiokia, muakaluabu kubikila bayidi ba Yezu bua musangu wa kumpala ne: bena Kristo. (Bienzedi 11:25, 26; 13:1-4) Bakashipa Selewuku mu 281, kadi bamfumu ba mu mulongo wende bakakokesha too ne mu 64 K.B.B. pakalua Jenerale Cnaeus Pompée wa bena Lomo kuvuija Sulia provense wa bena Lomo.

14. Ndîba kayi diakajadikabu mulongo wa bakokeshi wa Petolemeye mu Ejipitu?

¹⁴ Bukalenge bua bena Gelika buakanenga bikole ku anayi aa buvua bua Petolemeye Lagus, anyi Petolemeye I, wakangata muanzu wa mukalenge mu 305 K.B.B. Mulongo wa bakokeshi wa Petolemeye uvuaye mujadike wakatungunuka ne kukokesha mu Ejipitu too ne pakakulukawu mu bianza bia bena Lomo mu 30 K.B.B.

15. Mbakalenge kayi babidi ba bukole bakapatukila ku makalenge anayi a bena Gelika, ne mvita kayi yakabangishabu?

¹⁵ Nenku ku makalenge anayi a bena Gelika, abidi akapatula bakalenge babidi ba bukole: Selewuku I Nicator uvua ukokesha mu Sulia ne Petolemeye I uvua ukokesha mu Ejipitu. Bakalenge babidi aba ke bakabangisha mvita mile idibu bambe mu Danyele nshapita wa 11 idi pankatshi pa ‘mukalenge wa ku nôde’ ne ‘mukalenge wa ku sude.’ Muanjelu wa Yehowa kakatela mêna a bakalenge aba to, bualu mu bungi bua bidimu bakalenge aba ne matunga abu bivua ne bua kushintuluka. Muanjelu kakafila mumvuija a malu avua kaayi ne mushinga, kadi wakakula anu bua bakokeshi ne mianda minene ya mu mvita eyi.

MVITA IDI ITUADIJA

16. (a) Bakalenge babidi bavua ku nôde ne ku sude kua banganyi? (b) Mbakalenge kayi bakangata diambedi muaba wa ‘mukalenge wa ku nôde’ ne ‘mukalenge wa ku sude’?

¹⁶ Teleja! Muanjelu udi umvuija mudi mvita eyi ya dikema ituadija ne: ‘Mukalenge wa ku sude neikale ne bukole; kadi umue wa munkatshi mua tupitene tuende [tua Aleksandre] neamupite yeye bukole, [ne mukalenge wa ku nôde] neakokeshe bukalenge, bukokeshi buende nebupite bukole.’ (Danyele 11:5) Bibikidilu ebi ‘mukalenge wa ku nôde’ ne ‘mukalenge wa ku sude’ bidi bifunkuna bavua bakalenge ba ku nôde ne ku sude kua bena mu tshisamba tshia Danyele, bakavua dîba adi bapatuke mu bupika mu Babulona ne bapingane mu ditunga dia Yuda. ‘Mukalenge wa ku sude’ wa kumpala uvua Petolemeye I wa mu Ejipitu. Umue wa ku ba-jenerale ba Aleksandre wakapita Petolemeye I bukole ne wakakokesha ne ‘bukokeshi bupite bukole’ uvua Mukalenge wa mu Sulia Selewuku I Nicator. Wakangata muaba wa ‘mukalenge wa ku nôde.’

17. Buloba bua Yuda buvua ku bukokeshi bua nganyi ku ntuadijilu kua mvita ya mukalenge wa ku nôde ne mukalenge wa ku sude?

¹⁷ Ku ntuadijilu kua mvita eyi, ditunga dia Yuda divua ku bukokeshi bua mukalenge wa ku sude. Kubangila bu mu 320 K.B.B., Petolemeye I wakabikila bena Yuda bua kulua kusombela mu Ejipitu. Bapika bena Yuda bakavula mu tshimenga tshia Alesandelia, muvua Petolemeye I muenze tshilaminu tshinene tshia mikanda. Bena Yuda bavua mu Yuda bakashala ku bukokeshi bua Ejipitu wa ba-Petolemeye, mukalenge wa ku sude, too ne mu 198 K.B.B.

18, 19. Mu bungi bua matuku, mmunyi muvua bakalenge babidi bavua baluishangana badie “tshipungidi tshiakanangane”?

¹⁸ Pa bidi bitangila bakalenge babidi aba, muanjelu wakamanyisha ne: ‘Papita bidimu bikuabu, nebadie tshiovo; muana mukaji wa mukalenge wa ku sude neafidibue kudi mukalenge wa ku nôde bua [kuenza tshipungidi tshiakanangane] pankatshi pabu. Kadi mukaji eu kêna wikala ne diboko dikole; mulume wende kêna ujalama ne diboko diende kadiena ne bukole. Nebumushe mukaji eu diatshimue ne bamufidi ne [eu wakamulela] ne wakamukolesha tshikondo atshi.’ (Danyele 11:6) Mmunyi muakakumbana malu aa?

¹⁹ Mulayi kauvua muakule bua Antiyokuse I, muana wa Selewuku I Nicator wakamupingana mu nkuasa to, bualu kavua muluangane mvita mikole ne mukalenge wa ku sude nansha. Kadi eu wakamupingana mu nkuasa, Antiyokuse II, wakaluisha Petolemeye II, muana wa Petolemeye I mvita mutantshi mule. Antiyokuse II ne Petolemeye II bakalua umue mukalenge wa ku nôde ne mukuabu mukalenge wa ku sude. Antiyokuse II uvua musele Laodice, ne bobu kulela nende muana wa balume diende Selewuku II, kadi Petolemeye II yeye uvua mulele muana wa bakaji diende Bérénice. Mu 250 K.B.B., bakalenge babidi aba bakadia “tshipungidi tshiakanangane.” Bua kufuta mushinga wa tshipungidi etshi, Antiyokuse II wakashipa dibaka ne mukajende Laodice ne kuselaye Bérénice, ‘muana mukaji wa mukalenge wa ku sude.’ Bérénice wakamulelela muana wa balume wakalua mupianyi wa nkuasa wa bumfumu wa mu Sulia pa muaba wa bana ba Laodice.

20. (a) Mmu ngumvuilu kayi muvua “diboko” dia Bérénice kadiyi dijalame? (b) Mmunyi muakumbushabu Bérénice, “bamufidi,” ne “eu wakamukolesha”? (c) Nnganyi wakalua mukalenge mu Sulia pakajimija Antiyokuse II ‘diboko diende’ anyi bukokeshi?

²⁰ “Diboko” dia Bérénice (mmumue ne: bukokeshi buvua bumutua nyama ku mikolo) divua tatuende Petolemeye II. Pakafua tatuende eu mu 246 K.B.B., Bérénice ‘kavua kabidi ne diboko dia bukole’ kudi bayende to. Antiyokuse II wakamubenga, kupingajaye Laodice kumbelu, ne yeye kuteka muana wa balume uvuabu balele ne Laodice mumupinganyi mu nkuasa wa bumfumu. Anu mukavua Laodice mulongolole, bakashipa Bérénice ne muanende wa balume. Ne kakuyi mpata, basadidi bavua bafume ne Bérénice ku Ejipitu balue nende ku Sulia anyi “bamufidi,” bakabashipa pabu. Laodice wakalunga mene Antiyokuse II, nenku ‘diboko diende’ (anyi bukokeshi buende) ‘kadiakajalama’ nansha. Nanku, tatuende wa Bérénice, “eu wakamulela,” ne bayende muena Sulia “wakamukolesha” bua tshitupa tshîpi, bonso babidi bakafua. Selewuku II, muana wa Laodice, wakashala mukalenge wa Sulia. Ntshinyi tshivua mukalenge Petolemeye uvua ulonda ne bua kuenza bua bionso ebi?

MUKALENGE UDI USOMBUELA LUFU LUA MUANABU WA BAKAJI

21. (a) Nnganyi uvua ‘muntu wa ku lutonga’ lua “miji” ya Bérénice, ne mmushindu kayi ‘wakabikaye’? (b) Mmunyi muakalua Petolemeye III kuluisha ‘musoko muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita wa mukalenge wa ku nôde,’ ne kumutshimunaye?

²¹ Muanjelu wakamba ne: ‘Mu matuku au muntu neabike mu muaba wa tatuende [ku] lutonga lua miji yende. Yeye nealue ne masalayi, neabuele mu musoko wa mukalenge wa ku nôde muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita, neamuenzele ne bantu bende bu mudiye musue, neabapite bukole.’ (Danyele 11:7) ‘Muntu wa ku lutonga’ anyi “miji” ya baledi ba Bérénice uvua muanabu. Pakafua tatuende, ‘wakabika’ bu mukalenge wa ku sude anyi Palô Petolemeye II wa mu Ejipitu. Tshia kumpala, wakakeba diambedi bua kusombuela lufu lua muanabu wa bakaji. Wakaya bua kuluisha Mukalenge wa Sulia Selewuku II, uvua Laodice muangate bua kushipa Bérénice ne muanende wa balume, ne pashishe wakaluisha ‘musoko wa mukalenge wa ku nôde muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita.’ Petolemeye II wakakuata tshitupa tshikolesha tshia Antiokia ne kushipaye Laodice. Wakapitshila mu tshitupa tshia mukalenge wa ku nôde wenda uya mutangile ku esete, kupawulaye ditunga dia Babulona ne kukuataye dia Inde.

22. Mbintu kayi bivua Petolemeye III mufume nabi mu Ejipitu, ne bua tshinyi ‘wakadikanda bidimu bikuabu bua kaluishi kabidi mukalenge wa ku nôde’?

²² Ntshinyi tshiakenzeka pashishe? Muanjelu wa Nzambi udi utuambila ne: ‘Neanyenge nzambi yabu, mpingu yakatulabu, ne malonga abu mimpe a argent ne a or, neaye nabi mu Ejipitu. Neadikande bidimu bikuabu bua kaluishi kabidi mukalenge wa ku nôde.’ (Danyele 11:8) Bidimu bipite pa 200 kumpala, Mukalenge wa Pelasa Cambyse II ukavua mutshimune Ejipitu ne muye ne nzambi ya bena Ejipitu anyi ‘mpingu yakatulabu’ kuabu. Pakapawulaye Shushana, tshimenga tshikulu tshia kale tshia bukalenge bua Pelasa, Petolemeye III wakanyenga nzambi eyi ne ‘kuyaye nayi’ ku Ejipitu. Munkatshi mua bintu bivuaye munyenge mu mvita muvua kabidi ‘malonga mimpe a argent ne a or’ mapite bungi. Bu muvuaye muenzejibue bua kupingana mu Ejipitu bua kujikija buntomboji buvua bujukamu, Petolemeye III ‘wakadikanda bua kuluisha kabidi mukalenge wa ku nôde,’ kakamuenzela kabidi bibi to.

MUKALENGE WA SULIA UDI UDISOMBUELA

23. Bua tshinyi mukalenge wa ku nôde ‘wakapingana ku buloba buende’ kunyima kua yeye mumane kulua mu bukalenge bua mukalenge wa ku sude?

²³ Ntshinyi tshiakenza mukalenge wa ku nôde? Bavua bambile Danyele ne: ‘Pashishe, mukalenge eu neabuele mu bukalenge bua mukalenge wa ku sude, kadi neapingane ku buloba buende.’ (Danyele 11:9) Mukalenge wa ku nôde (anyi Mukalenge wa Sulia Selewuku II) wakela mvita. Wakabuela mu ‘bukalenge’ bua mukalenge wa ku sude, mukalenge wa Ejipitu, kadi bobu e kumutshimuna. Anu ne basalayi bakese bavuaye mushale nabu, Selewuku II ‘wakapingana mu buloba buende,’ kuyaye kupengama mu Antiokia, tshimenga tshikulu tshia Sulia, bu mu 242 K.B.B. Pakafuaye, muanende Selewuku III wakapingana pa muaba wende.

24. (a) Ntshinyi tshiakenzekela Selewuku III? (b) Mmunyi muvua Mukalenge wa Sulia Antiyokuse III mupitshile mu buloba bua mukalenge wa ku sude ‘bu musulu mûle ne mâyi mapasalale mapite mielelu yawu’?

²⁴ Ntshinyi tshivuabu bamanyishe bua bana ba Mukalenge wa Sulia Selewuku II? Muanjelu wakambila Danyele ne: ‘Kunyima bana bende nebabishe mvita, nebasangishe tshisumbu tshia masalayi a bungi; umue wabu neaye kumpala, neapitshile mu buloba bu musulu mûle ne mâyi mapasalale mapite mielelu yawu; pashishe, nealukile ku mvita, nealuangane too ne ku musoko wa mukalenge wa ku sude muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita.’ (Danyele 11:10) Dishipa dia Selewuku III diakimanyika bukokeshi buende buvua kabuyi buenze nansha bidimu bisatu to. Muanabu wa balume, Antiyokuse III, wakamupingana mu nkuasa wa bukalenge wa mu Sulia. Muana eu wa Selewuku II wakasangisha basalayi ba bungi bua kuluisha mukalenge wa ku sude, uvua tshikondo atshi Petolemeye IV. Mukalenge wa Sulia uvua mukalenge mupiamupia wa ku nôde wakatshimuna Ejipitu ne kunyengaye kabidi tshimenga tshia tshitudilu tshia mazuwa tshia Seleukia, provense wa Koweleye-Siriye, tshimenga tshia Tulo ne tshia Petolemayi, pamue ne bimenga bivua pabuipi apu. Wakatshimuna tshiluilu tshia Mukalenge Petolemeye IV ne kukuataye bimenga bivule bia Yuda. Mu muvu wa printemps mu 217 K.B.B., Antiyokuse III wakumbuka mu Petolemayi ne kuyaye mutangile ku nôde, ‘ku musoko wende muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita’ mu Sulia. Kadi dishintuluka kampanda dikavua pabuipi.

MALU ADI AKUDIMUKA

25. Mmuaba kayi uvua Petolemeye IV muluangene ne Antiyokuse III, ne ntshinyi ‘tshiakafilabu mu bianza’ bia mukalenge wa ku sude wa mu Ejipitu?

²⁵ Anu bu Danyele, tudi tuteleja ne ntema mudi muanjelu wa Yehowa umanyisha mêyi adi alonda aa: ‘Mukalenge wa ku sude neakuatshike tshiji, neapatuke biende, nealuangane ne mukalenge wa ku nôde. Mukalenge wa ku nôde neabishe tshisumbu tshinene tshia bena mvita, kadi tshisumbu etshi netshifidibue mu bianza bia mukalenge wa ku sude.’ (Danyele 11:11) Mukalenge wa ku sude Petolemeye IV wakasa luendu mutangile ku nôde ne basalayi 75000 bua kuluangana ne muluishi wende. Antiyokuse III, mukalenge wa ku nôde wa mu Sulia, uvua mujule “tshisumbu tshinene” tshia basalayi 68000 bua kuluangana ne Petolemeye IV. Kadi “tshisumbu” etshi tshiakafidibua “mu bianza” bia mukalenge wa ku sude mu mvita yakenzekela mu tshimenga tshia ku muelelu wa mâyi tshia Raphia, pabuipi ne mukalu wa Ejipitu.

26. (a) ‘Ntshisumbu’ kayi tshiakayabu natshi kudi mukalenge wa ku sude mu mvita ya ku Raphia, ne mmalu kayi avuabu basuike mu tshipungidi tshia ditalala tshiakenzabu muaba eu? (b) Mmunyi muvua Petolemeye IV kayi ‘muenze tshintu ne muanzu wende wa bukole’? (c) Nnganyi wakalua mukalenge mupiamupia wa ku sude?

²⁶ Mulayi udi utungunuka wamba ne: ‘Yeye neaye ne tshisumbu etshi, mutshima wende [neudibandishe], neaponeshe binunu makumi a bantu panshi, kadi [kakuenza tshintu ne muanzu wende wa bukole].’ (Danyele 11:12) Petolemeye IV, mukalenge wa ku sude, ‘wakaya ne,’ mmumue ne: wakashipesha basalayi ba panshi bena Sulia 10000 ne babandi ba pa tubalu 300 ne kukuataye basalayi 4000 bu bena buloko. Pashishe bakalenge aba bakadia tshipungidi tshivuabu bumvuangane bua Antiyokuse III kushalaye ne Seleukia, tshitudilu tshiende tshia mazuwa tshia mu Sulia, kadi wakajimija Foinike ne Koweleye-Siriye. Panyima pa ditshimuna edi, mutshima wa mukalenge wa ku sude muena Ejipitu ‘wakadibandisha,’ nangananga kumpala kua Yehowa. Yuda wakashala ku bukokeshi bua Petolemeye IV. Nansha nanku, ‘kakenza tshintu ne muanzu wende wa bukole’ bua kutungunuka ne kutshimuna mukalenge wa ku nôde muena Sulia mu malu makuabu. Kadi Petolemeye IV wakaditua mu nsombelu wa buenzavi, ne muanende wa balume wa bidimu bitanu, Petolemeye V, ke wakalua mukalenge wa ku sude bidimu ndambu kumpala kua lufu lua Antiyokuse III.

MUNTU UVUA MUENZE MALU MANENE UDI UPINGANA

27. Mmunyi muvua mukalenge wa ku nôde mupingane ‘pakalepa bidimu bikuabu’ bua kunyenga bitupa bia buloba bivua Ejipitu muangate?

²⁷ Bua malu manene avuaye muenze, Antiyokuse III wakafika ku dibikidibua ne: Antiyokuse Munene. Muanjelu wakamba bualu buende ne: ‘Mukalenge wa ku nôde nealukile kabidi, neakunguije tshisumbu tshia bena mvita tshipite tshia diambedi bunene; palepa bidimu bikuabu, yeye nealue ne tshisumbu tshinene tshia bena mvita ne bintu bia bungi bidiye nabi bualu.’ (Danyele 11:13) “Bidimu” ebi bivua bidimu 16 anyi bipite apu kunyima kua bena Ejipitu bamane kutshimuna bena Sulia ku Raphia. Pakalua nsonga Petolemeye V mukalenge wa ku sude, Antiyokuse III wakapatuka ne ‘tshisumbu tshia bena mvita tshipite tshia diambedi bunene’ bua kunyenga bitupa bia maloba bivuabu bamunyenge kudi mukalenge wa ku sude muena Ejipitu. Bua kukumbaja muanda eu, wakasangisha masalayi ende ne a Mukalenge Filipe V wa mu Makedonia.

28. Ntatu kayi ivua nayi nsonga mukalenge wa ku sude?

²⁸ Mukalenge wa ku sude uvua kabidi ne ntatu mu bukalenge buende. Muanjelu wakamba ne: ‘Mu tshikondo atshi ba bungi nebabike bua kuluangana ne mukalenge wa ku sude.’ (Danyele 11:14a) Kakuyi mpata, ba bungi ‘bakabika bua kuluangana ne mukalenge wa ku sude.’ Pa kumbusha diluangana ne basalayi ba Antiyokuse III ne ba muena mâyi wende wa mu Makedonia, nsonga mukalenge wa ku sude wakapeta ntatu muende mu Ejipitu. Bantu ba bungi bakatomboka bualu mulami wende Agathocle, uvua ukokesha mu dîna diende, uvua wenzela bena Ejipitu malu ne diambu. Muanjelu wakamba ne: ‘Ne bena tshimbambila ba munkatshi muenu nebatomboke bua kujadika tshikena-kumona; kadi nebapange.’ (Danyele 11:14b) Nansha bamue bana babu ne Danyele bakalua “bena tshimbambila” anyi bakebi ba dishintuluka. Kadi ‘tshikena-kumona’ tshionso tshivua bena Yuda aba mua kupeta bua bobu kumbusha bukokeshi bua bantu ba bisamba mu ditunga diabu tshivua ne bua kuikala tshia dishima, ne bavua ne bua ‘kupangila.’

29, 30. (a) Mmunyi muvua ‘bena mvita ba ku luseke lua sude’ bafue mu mvita yakafuma ku nôde? (b) Mmu ngumvuilu kayi muvua mukalenge wa ku nôde ‘muimane mu buloba bulengele’?

²⁹ Muanjelu wa Yehowa wakamba kabidi ne: ‘Mukalenge wa ku nôde neafikeku, neunguije mishiki ya buloba, neanyenge musoko udi muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita. Bena mvita ba ku luseke lua sude ne bena mvita basungula bua bukitu buabu kabena bamanye mua kumutantamena. Kadi yeye eu, udi ulua kuluisha mukalenge wa ku sude, neenze bu mudi mutshima wende musue; kakuena muntu udi mua kumutantamena. Neimane biende mu buloba bulengele, neabubutule ne tshianza tshiende.’—Danyele 11:15, 16.

³⁰ Basalayi balombola kudi Petolemeye V, anyi ‘bena mvita ba ku luseke lua sude’ bakafua mu mvita yakafumina ku nôde. Ku Panéas (Kaisalia wa Filipoi), Antiyokuse III wakenzeja jenerale Scopas wa bena Ejipitu ne basalayi bende basungula anyi ‘bena mvita basungula’ 10000” bua kunyema kuya kupengama mu Sidona, ‘musoko uvua muasa ne ngumbu ya mvita.’ Muaba au ke uvua Antiyokuse III ‘munguije mishiki ya buloba,’ kunyengaye tshitudilu tshia mazuwa tshia Foinike mu 198 K.B.B. Wakenza ‘bu muvua mutshima wende musue’ bualu basalayi ba mu Ejipitu ba mukalenge wa ku sude kabavua ne bukole bua kumutantamena to. Pashishe Antiyokuse III wakaluisha Yelushalema, tshimenga tshikulu tshia “buloba bulengele,” buvua buikale Yuda. Mu 198 K.B.B., tshimenga tshia Yelushalema ne tshia Yuda biakumbuka ku bukokeshi bua mukalenge wa ku sude muena Ejipitu ne kuluabi ku bukokeshi bua mukalenge wa ku nôde muena Sulia. Ne Antiyokuse III, mukalenge wa ku nôde, wakatuadija ‘kuimana mu buloba bulengele.’ ‘Wakabutula ne tshianza tshiende’ bantu bonso bavua baluisha bena Yuda ne bena Ejipitu. Mukalenge eu wa ku nôde uvua ne bua kuenza bu muvua mutshima wende musue mutantshi bule kayi?

LOMO UDI ULUISHA MUENJI WA MALU MANENE

31, 32. Bua tshinyi ndekelu wa bionso mukalenge wa ku nôde wakafika ku dienza ‘tshipungidi tshiakanangane’ tshia ditalala ne mukalenge wa ku sude?

³¹ Muanjelu wa Yehowa udi utupesha diandamuna ne: ‘Yeye [mukalenge wa ku nôde] neatangije mpala wende bua kuyaye kudi mukalenge wa ku sude ne bukole buonso bua bukalenge buende ne bua kupunga nende tshipungidi [tshiakanangane]: neamupe muanende [wa bakaji] bu mukaji wende bua kubutula buloba bua Ejipitu, kadi [kakukokesha to ne kakutungunuka ne kuikala wende].’—Danyele 11:17.

³² Mukalenge wa ku nôde, Antiyokuse III, ‘wakatangija mpala wende’ bua kukokesha Ejipitu ‘ne bukole buonso bua bukalenge buende.’ Kadi ndekelu wa bionso wakafika ku didia ‘tshipungidi tshiakanangane’ tshia ditalala ne Petolemeye V, mukalenge wa ku sude. Malu avua Lomo ulomba akenzeja Antiyokuse III bua kushintulula mayele ende. Pavuaye yeye ne Mukalenge Filipe V wa mu Makedonia badisange pamue bua kuluisha mukalenge wa mu Ejipitu utshivua nsonga ne kunyenga maloba ende, balami ba Petolemeye V bakanyemena kudi Lomo bua kubakubaye. Lomo wakapeta mushindu wa kualabaja bukokeshi buende, kulejaye bukole buende.

33. (a) Mmalu kayi avuabu bumvuangane mu tshipungidi tshia ditalala pankatshi pa Antiyokuse III ne Petolemeye V? (b) Dibaka dia Kleyopatra I ne Petolemeye V divua ne tshipatshila kayi, ne bua tshinyi mayele au akapangila?

³³ Lomo wakenzeja Antiyokuse III bua kumvuangana ne mukalenge wa ku sude. Pamutu pa kupingaja maloba avuaye munyenge muvua Lomo ulomba, Antiyokuse III wakenza mayele bua kudingidija bu uvua upingaja maloba aa mu diselesha Kleyopatra I, (“muanende wa bakaji”) kudi Petolemeye V. Provense ivua ikonga tshitupa tshia Yuda, “buloba Bulengele,” ke ivuabu ne bua kumufidila bu biuma. Kadi pakaselanganabu mu 193 K.B.B., mukalenge wa bena Sulia kakalekela provense eyi iya kudi Petolemeye V nansha. Edi divua dibaka dia tshididi, dienza bua kuteka Ejipitu ku bukokeshi bua Sulia. Kadi mayele aa akapangila bualu Kleyopatra I ‘kakatungunuka ne kuikala wende,’ bualu wakalua kulamata ku tshia bayende. Pakatuadija mvita pankatshi pa Antiyokuse III ne bena Lomo, Ejipitu wakalamata ku luseke lua Lomo.

34, 35. (a) ‘Mmaloba a ku muelelu kua mâyi manene’ kayi avua mukalenge wa ku nôde mutangijeku mpala wende? (b) Mmunyi muvua Lomo mulekeshe ‘bipendu’ bia mukalenge wa ku nôde? (c) Mmunyi muakafua Antiyokuse III, ne nnganyi wakalua mukalenge mupiamupia wa ku nôde?

³⁴ Muanjelu wakamba muvuabu ne bua kutshimuna mukalenge wa ku nôde ne: ‘Yeye [Antiyokuse III] neatangije mpala wende ku maloba a ku muelelu wa mâyi manene, neanyenge a bungi; kadi kamanda kakuabu ka masalayi [Lomo] nekalekeshe mêyi a diambu adiye upenda nawu [Lomo]; e, bulelela, [Lomo] neapingaje bipendu ebi kudiye [Antiyokuse III]. Pashishe, yeye [Antiyokuse III] neatangije mpala wende ku misoko ya mu buloba buende idi miasa ne ngumbu ya mvita, kadi nealenduke, neadishinde panshi, kabena bamusangana kabidi.’—Danyele 11:18, 19.

³⁵ ‘Maloba a ku muelelu wa mâyi manene’ ke Makedonia, Gelika ne Asia Mukese. Mvita yakajuka mu Gelika mu 192 K.B.B., ke tshiakasaka Antiyokuse III bua kulua mu Gelika. Bu muvua mukalenge wa Sulia ukeba kuenza bua kunyenga maloba makuabu mu ditunga edi, Lomo wakafika munda ne kumuelayi mvita. Bakamutshimuna kudi bena Lomo ku Thermopyles. Bu tshidimu tshijima kunyima kua bamane kumutshimuna mu mvita ya ku Magnésie mu 190, wakalekela bionso mu Gelika (Asia Mukese) ne mu bitupa bia ku wesete kua Mikuna ya Taurus. Lomo wakamufutshisha tshibawu tshinene ne kujadikaye bukokeshi buende ku mutu kua mukalenge wa ku nôde muena Sulia. Bamane kumuipata mu Gelika ne mu Asia Mukese, ne mumane kujimija mazuwa ende a mâyi pabuipi ne onso, Antiyokuse III ‘wakatangija mpala wende ku misoko ya mu buloba buende ivua miasa ne ngumbu ya mvita,’ mmumue ne: mu Sulia. Bena Lomo ‘bakapingaja bipendu ebi kudiye.’ Antiyokuse III wakafua pavuaye ukeba kupawula ntempelo kampanda mu Élymaïs, mu Pelasa, mu 187 K.B.B. Nenku ‘wakadishinda panshi’ mufue ne bakamupingana kudi muanende wa balume Selewuku IV, wakalua mukalenge mupiamupia wa ku nôde.

MVITA IDI ITUNGUNUKA

36. (a) Mmunyi muakakeba mukalenge wa ku sude bua kutungunuka ne mvita, kadi ntshinyi tshiakamuenzekela? (b) Mmushindu kayi uvua Selewuku IV mudishinde panshi, ne nnganyi wakamupingana?

³⁶ Pavua mukalenge wa ku nôde, Petolemeye V, ukeba kukuata provense ivuaye ne bua kuangata bu biuma bia Kleyopatra, bakamulunga, kubulaye bionso. Bakamupingana kudi Petolemeye VI. Netuambe tshinyi bua Selewuku IV? Bu muvuaye dijinga ne mfranga ya kufuta tshibawu tshinene tshivua Lomo mumufundile, wakatuma mulami wa tshibutshilu tshiende, diende Héliodore, bua kunyengaye bubanji buvuabu bambe ne: buvua ne bua kuikala bulama mu ntempelo wa mu Yelushalema. Bu muvua Héliodore walakana nkuasa wa bumfumu, wakashipa Selewuku IV. Kadi Mukalenge Eumène wa mu Pêgamo ne muanabu Attalus bakateka muanabu ne mukalenge uvuabu bashipe, Antiyokuse IV, mu nkuasa wa bumfumu.

37. (a) Mmunyi muvua Antiyokuse IV mukebe kudileja mutambe Yehowa ku bukole? (b) Dinyanga bintu bia tshijila mu ntempelo wa mu Yelushalema kudi Antiyokuse IV diakafikisha ku tshinyi?

³⁷ Mukalenge mupiamupia wa ku nôde, Antiyokuse IV, wakakeba bua kudileja mutambe Nzambi ku bukole pakasuaye kujimija ntendelelu wa Yehowa. Wakela Yehowa munu mukana pakalambulaye ntempelo wa mu Yelushalema kudi Zewuse anyi Yupita. Mu Tshisua-munene 167 K.B.B., bakasa tshioshelu tshia nzambi wa tshianana pa mutu pa tshioshelu tshinene tshivua mu lubanza lua ntempelo, muaba uvuabu bafidila milambu ya kuosha dituku dionso kudi Yehowa. Kunyima kua matuku dikumi, bakalambula Zewuse mulambu pa tshioshelu etshi tshia nzambi wa tshianana. Dinyanga bintu bia tshijila edi ke diakafikisha bena Yuda balombola kudi bena Makabeye ku ditomboka. Antiyokuse IV wakabaluisha mvita bidimu bisatu. Mu 164 K.B.B., mu dituku dia mufikilu wa dinyanga bintu bia tshijila, Yudasa Makabeye wakalambula tshiakabidi ntempelo kudi Yehowa ne kujadikaye difesto dia Dijidila dia ntempelo anyi Hanoukka.—Yone 10:22.

38. Mmunyi muakajika bukokeshi bua bena Makabeye?

³⁸ Pamu’apa bena Makabeye bakenza tshipungidi ne bena Lomo mu 161 K.B.B., ne bakenza bukalenge mu 104. Kadi dikokangana diakatungunuka pankatshi pabu ne Mukalenge wa ku nôde muena Sulia. Ndekelu wa bionso, bakalomba Lomo bua kukosa tshilumbu atshi. Jenerale wa bena Lomo Cnaeus Pompée wakakuata Yelushalema mu 63 K.B.B. kunyima kua mumane kutshintshimika tshimenga etshi ngondo isatu mijima. Mu 39, Tshipangu tshia bena Lomo tshiakateka Helode (muena Edome) mukalenge wa Yudaya. Yeye mumane kujikija bukokeshi bua bena Makabeye, wakakuata Yelushalema mu 37 K.B.B.

39. Mmunyi mudi dikonkonona Danyele 11:1-19 dikuambuluishe?

³⁹ Kabienaku bisankisha bua kumona mudi tshitupa tshia kumpala tshia mulayi wa bakalenge babidi badi baluangana tshikumbane mu kanungu ne mu kanungu anyi? Bushuwa, kabienaku kabidi bisankisha bua kukonkonona malu avua menzeke kukadi bidimu bitue ku 500 kunyima kua bamane kupesha Danyele mukenji wa tshiprofete, ne bua kumanya bakokeshi badi bangate muaba wa mukalenge wa ku nôde ne mukalenge wa ku sude anyi? Nansha nanku, bakalenge babidi ba tshididi aba bakashintuluka mu mvita eyi ivua pankatshi pabu, yakatungunuka too ne mu tshikondo tshiakalua Yezu Kristo pa buloba apa, ne idi itungunuka too ne matuku etu aa. Tuetu bakebe dipetangana didi pankatshi pa malu adi enzeka ne mianda milenga idibu baleje mu mulayi eu, netufike ku dijingulula bakalenge babidi aba badi baluangana mvita.

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Selewuku I Nicator

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MAKEDONIA

GELIKA

ASIA MUKESE

ISALELE

LIBUE

EJIPITU

ATIOPA

Petolemeye II

Bibikidilu ebi ‘mukalenge wa ku nôde’ ne ‘mukalenge wa ku sude’ bidi bifunkuna bakalenge badi ku nôde ne ku sude kua ditunga dia bana babu ne Danyele

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SULIA

Babulona

ALABA

Tshipepeyi tshia dibue tshikale ne mikenji ivua Antiyokuse Munene muele

Antiyokuse Munene

Tshijanja tshileja Petolemeye V

Tshiibi tshia Petolemeye III ku Karnak, mu Ejipitu

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Petolemeye I

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BAKALENGE BA MU DANYELE 11:5-19

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Mukalenge wa ku nôde Mukalenge wa ku sude

Danyele 11:5 Selewuku I Nicator Petolemeye I

Danyele 11:6 Antiyokuse II Petolemeye II

(mukajende Laodice) (muanende Bérénice)

Danyele 11:7-9 Selewuku II Petolemeye III

Danyele 11:10-12 Antiyokuse III Petolemeye IV

Danyele 11:13-19 Antiyokuse III Petolemeye V

(muanende Kleyopatra I) Mupinganyi:

Bapinganyi: Petolemeye VI

Selewuku IV ne

Antiyokuse IV

Tshijanja tshileja   Petolemeye II ne   mukajende

Selewuku I Nicator

Antiyokuse III

Petolemeye VI

Petolemeye III ne bantu bakamupingana bakibaka ntempelo eu wa Horus ku Edfou, mu Ejipitu wa ku Mutu

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MMALU KAYI AUDI MUMVUE?

• Mmilongo kayi ibidi ya bakalenge ba bukole yakapatukila ku makalenge a mu Gelika, ne mmvita kayi yakatuadija bakalenge aba?

• Anu muvuabu bamanyishe mu Danyele 11:6, ‘ntshipungidi tshiakanangane’ kayi tshiakadia bakalenge babidi aba?

• Mmunyi muakatungunuka mvita pankatshi pa

Selewuku II ne Petolemeye III (Danyele 11:7-9)?

Antiyokuse III ne Petolemeye IV (Danyele 11:10-12)?

Antiyokuse III ne Petolemeye V (Danyele 11:13-16)?

• Dibaka dia Kleyopatra I ne Petolemeye V divua ne tshipatshila kayi, ne bua tshinyi mayele au akapangila (Danyele 11:17-19)?

• Mmunyi mudi dituma ntema ku mulayi wa Danyele 11:1-19 dikuambuluishe?