Dibulunge dia buloba ndifundila kabutu anyi?

NDEKELU wa siekele wa 20 udi usemena pabuipi, ne siekele wa 21 ukadi pa kutuadija. Mu nsombelu eu, bantu, bungi budi buenda buvula, bavua pa tshibidilu bateya ntema anu mikese anyi kabayi bateya ntema ku mamanyisha a tshipupu, badi badiebeja bikalaku bualu kampanda bua mushinga budi mua kunyukula buloba bujima matuku adi kumpala.

Pamu’apa ukadi mumone biena-bualu mu bikandakanda ne mu bibejibeji bidi biakula bua muanda eu​—nansha mene mikanda mijima pa tshiena-bualu etshi. Bua bidi bitangila dimanya malu atuadija nawu siekele wa 21, tudi ne bua kuindila bua kumona. Bamue bantu badi baleja ne: kudi dishilangana dia tshidimu tshimue patupu bua kufika ku ndekelu kua tshidimu tshia 2000 (anyi dia munute umue, kumbuka mu 2000 kubuela mu 2001) ne pamu’apa kadiakuikala dia buenzeji bukole. Bualu budi butamba kuelesha bantu ba bungi meji mbua matuku atshilualua atshidi kule a dibulunge dietu.

Mulayi umue udi utamba kumvuika misangu yonso matuku etu aa ng’wa se: mu tshikondo kampanda​—né mpindieu anyi mu matuku atshilualua atshidi kule—​dibulunge dia Buloba dine ndifundila kabutu ka butubutu. Anji konkonona ndambu wa malu a nunku adi abungamija madianjila kumanyisha.

Mu mukanda wende kampanda (The End of the World​—The Science and Ethics of Human Extinction), mupatula diambedi mu 1996, John Leslie, mufundi ne muena nkindi udi uleja mishindu isatu ya mudi muoyo wa muntu pa buloba mua kujika. Tshia kumpala udi ukonka ne: “Mvita minene ya nikleere idi yumvuija ndekelu wa bukua-bantu anyi?” Pashishe udi usakidila ne: “Kabutu kadi kafuane kuenzeka nangananga . . . ku buenzeji bua ditangalaka dia nsese nka: kansere, diteketa dia ndongoluelu wa bukubi bua mubidi mu mushindu wa se: masama a tshiambu adi atangalaka, peshi a busangu buvule bua ku tshilelelu. Kudi mua kuikala kabidi difua dia tuishi tutambe bukese tudi ne mushinga bua ngikadilu muimpe wa nyunguluilu.” Mushindu muisatu udi Mukalenge Leslie uleja udi ne: buloba mbufuane kututakana ne bintu bia muulu bidibu babikila ne: mitoto ya milanjilanji (comète) anyi tubulunge (astéroïde): “Kudi mitoto ya milanjilanji ne tubulunge bu binunu bibidi bidi ne bunene bua pankatshi (diametre) bua kilometre umue too ne ku dikumi bidi mua kudituta ku buloba mu luendu luabi. Kudi kabidi bungi bukese menemene (kubutshinka kudi mua kuikala kakuyi kukumbane) bua mitoto ya milanjilanji ne tubulunge bidi binene bikole ne bungi buvule menemene bua bidi bitambe bukese.”

Diumvuija ditoke dia “Dituku dia dilumbuluisha”

Tangila kabidi muena sianse mukuabu, Paul Davies, mulongeshi mu Université wa Adélaïde, mu ditunga dia Australie. Tshikandakanda tshia Washington Times tshivua tshimuleje bu “mufundi mutambe bulenga wa malu a sianse mumanyike buloba bujima.” Mu 1994 wakafunda mukanda wa The Last Three Minutes, udibu binyike ne: “mamuende wa mikanda yonso idi yakula bua dituku dia dilumbuluisha.” Badi babikila nshapita wa kumpala wa mukanda eu ne: “Dituku dia dilumbuluisha,” ne udi umvuija muanda mufuikakaja wa tshidi mua kuenzeka bu mutoto wa mulanjilanji mua kudituta ku dibulunge dia Buloba. Bala tshitupa tshia diumvuija diende didi divuayija mubidi:

“Dibulunge didi dikanka ne bukole bua [muomumue ne] bikumina binunu dikumi. Mvunde mukole wa tshipepele tshidi mu lubilu lukole udi ukomba pa buloba, ulandakaja nzubu yonso, uvinga tshintu tshionso mu dipita diende. Tshitupa tshilandakane tshia buloba tshidi pabuipi ne muaba udi mutoto wa mulanjilanji muditutshile tshidi tshilundumuka muulu bu tshijengu tshia mikuna ya mabue mengulula mu butumbuke bua kilometre mipite pa ibidi, tshileja bia munda mua Buloba mu tshina tshia kilometre 150 mu butshiame. . . . Mulanjilanji wa bisunsukile bidi ne lupuishi udi utangalaka mu kapepe, ujika dîba pa dibulunge dijima. Mpindieu bukenke bua dîba badi babupingana kudi nsese mikole idi yosha kakuyi diikisha ya miliyare ya bintu bia muulu ne idi ifikisha ku kabutu, yosha buloba ne luya luayi ludi lushidisha, padi bisunsukila bia ditayika bivua bitangalake mu tshibuashibuashi bipingana kabidi mu kapepe kadi kajingila buloba.”

Profesere Davies udi utungunuka bua kusuikakaja muanda mufuikakaja eu ne dimanyisha dia se: mutoto wa mulanjilanji wa Swift-Tuttle udi mua kudituta ku buloba. Udi usakidila didimuija dia se: nansha mudi muanda bu nunku kauyi pamu’apa mua kuenzeka mu matuku atshilualua adi pabuipi apa, buende yeye “ku tototo nansha ku ndandanda Swift-Tuttle, anyi tshinga tshintu tshifuanangane nende, netshiditute ku Buloba.” Nkomenu wende mmushindamene pa matshinka adi aleja ne: bintu 10 000 bia bunene bua tshia bibidi tshia kilometre anyi kupita apu bidi bienda binyunguluka mu njila idi isambakena ne wa Buloba.

Udi witaba ne: ditekemena dikuate buôwa bu edi ndilelela anyi? Bantu bungi budi bukemesha badi baditaba. Kadi badi bumbusha dipampakana dionso pa kudijadikila ne: kabiakuenzeka mu tshikondo tshiabu. Kadi bua tshinyi dibulunge dia Buloba didi ne bua kubutudibua​—nansha mu katupa kîpi emu anyi binunu bia bidimu kubangila ku mpindieu? Bushuwa, ki mbuloba budi buikale mpokolo munene wa ntatu bua badipu, bantu anyi nyama. Kadi, ki mmuntu nkayende udi mukebeshi wa ntatu mivule ya mu siekele eu wa 20, pamue ne mushindu udiku wa ‘dibutula buloba’ butubutu anyi?​—Buakabuluibua 11:18.

Dinyanga buloba kudi muntu didi dilongoloka

Netuambe munyi bua mudiku mushindu mutambe kupepela wa muntu nkayende kubutula anyi kunyanga buloba bikole mu ditumika nabu bibi bua lukuka? Kakuena mpata bua se: disola dinekesha dia metu, dilunga kapepe kadiyi dikontolola ne dia misulu ya mâyi mbinyange bikole bitupa kampanda bia buloba. Malu aa avua mamba mu tshikoso mu mushindu muakanyine kukadi bidimu bitue ku 25 kudi bafundi aba: Barbara Ward ne René Dubos, mu mukanda wabu kampanda (Only One Earth) ne: “Bitupa binene bisatu bia dinyanga dia nyunguluilu bitudi ne bua kukonkonona​—kapepe, mâyi ne malaba—​bidi bienza bushuwa bintu binene bisatu bidiku bua muoyo wetu pa dibulunge edi.” Nsombelu ki mmulengele kubangila ku tshikondo kampanda, ki mmuomu anyi?

Patudi tutangila mushindu udi muntu mua kubutula buloba anyi kubunyanga bua dipanga diende dia meji, tudi mua kukola ku muoyo pa kumona makokeshi a mpatshi a dibulunge dia Buloba a didipingaja muadi mua kale ne didishintulula. Mu diumvuija makokeshi aa a didilongolola didi dikemesha, René Dubos udi wamba malu aa adi akankamija mu mukanda mukuabu:

“Bantu ba bungi badi batshina se: ditabalela dinyanguka dia nyunguluilu ndilue panyima menemene bualu kabena mua kulongolola dinyanguka dikole dia buloba. Buanyi meme, mmuenenu mubi eu kêna ne nshindamenu muimpe to, bualu buloba budi ne makokeshi mavulavulayi a didilongolola bua kulengeja bilema.

“Buloba budi ne mishindu kabukabu ya didilongolola. . . . [Mishindu eyi] idi yambuluisha buloba bua kutshimuna bipeta bibi bia tshinyangu pa kupingaja kabidi ku kakese ku kakese diakanangana dia ku ntuadijilu dia bionso bidi pa buloba.”​—The Resilience of Ecosystems.

Bidi mua kuenzeka

Tshilejilu tshia pa buatshi tshia muanda eu mu bidimu bidi panshi ebi ndisukula ditungunuke dia musulu muende lumu wa Tamise mu Londres. Mukanda kampanda (The Thames Transformed) mufunda kudi Jeffery Harrison ne Peter Grant, udi ufila tshijadiki tshia bualu bua pa buabu ebu bukumbaja budi buleja tshidi mua kuenzeka padi bantu benza mudimu pamue bua diakalenga dia bantu bonso. Munene wa mu Édimbourg mu Grande-Bretagne wakafunda mu mêyi a mbangilu mu mukanda au ne: “Ndekelu wa bionso eu mmuyuki muimpe mu mushindu mualabale udi muakanyine kupatula nansha mudibi se: udi mua kukankamija bamue bantu bua kuamba ne: ntatu mipeta mu dikuba bintu bia mu bufuki kayena bushuwa mikole bu muvuabu babafikishe ku ditaba. . . . Badi mua kukola ku muoyo bua tshidibu bakumbaje mu Tamise. Lumu luimpe ludi se: didilongolola dia buloba didi mua kuenzeka ne mpàngu yabu kabidi idi mua kupatula bipeta bimpe.”

Mu nshapita wa “Disukula dinene,” ne musangelu wonso Harrison ne Grant badi bafunda bua bikadi bikumbaja mu bidimu 50 biashadi ebi ne: “Bua musangu wa kumpala pa buloba, mbakajilule musulu mutambe kunyanga ne uvua ne biapu ne matanda biashilaku mu mushindu wa se: nyunyi ya ku mâyi ne mishipa mbialukilemu kabidi bia bungi. Muanda wa se: dishintuluka edi ndienzeke ne lubilu lua bungi, mu nsombelu uvua diambedi umueneka bu udi kayi kutekemena, udi ufila dikankamija too ne kudi balami bavule ba bintu bia mu bufuki bena mmuenenu mubi.”

Pashishe badi bumvuija dishintuluka edi ne: “Musulu eu wakanyanguka ku kakese ku kakese munkatshi mua bidimu bivule ne pamu’apa muanda mukole wa ndekelu wakalua mu Mvita Mibidi ya Buloba bujima pakanyangakajabu anyi pakakosabu tshitupa tshinene tshia midimu ya milonda ne ya tulande tua mâyi a butshiafu. Mu bidimu bia 1940 ne 1950 musulu wa Tamise uvua munyanguke bikole. Musulu uvua mufuanangane ne kalande kakayi kabuikila; mâyi avua ne mubidi mufike, kaavua ne oksijene, ne mu ngondo ya muvu wa été bavua bumvua mupuya mubole wa Tamise mu tshitupa tshialabale. . . . Ndekelu wa bionso mishipa ivua miûlemu ivua ipatuka ku mukuna, pa kumbusha anu ndambu mukese wa mishoko ivua ne mushindu wa kupanduka bua bukokeshi buayi bua dikokela buludiludi lupepele pa mutu pa mâyi. Nyunyi ya mu musulu udi ne maboko mu tshitupa tshiasa tshidi pankatshi pa Londres ne Woolwich, yakakepela bikole kushala anu ndambu mukese wa biokoso ne minga nyunyi ya mu mâyi, ne yakashala ne muoyo anu bua didia ntete ivua imata pa mabungu a musulu pamutu pa biakudia bia pa tshibidilu. . . . Nnganyi uvua mua kuitaba tshine tshikondo atshi bua dishintuluka dia dikema divua pabuipi ne kuenzeka? Munkatshi mua bidimu dikumi, bavua ne bua kushintulula maboko amue-amue aa a musulu avua kaayi kabidi ne nyunyi ne kuavuija tshisokomenu tshia nyunyi ya mu mâyi ya mishindu kabukabu, pamue ne nyunyi ya tshisuku ya mu muvu wa hiver mipite pa 10 000 ne nyunyi 12 000 ya mikolo mile.”

Bushuwa, abi bidi bileja anu dishintuluka dimue mu katupa kakese ka buloba. Nansha nanku, tudi mua kupetela malongesha ku tshilejilu etshi. Tshidi tshileja ne: katuena mua kuangata dibulunge dia Buloba bu difundila kabutu bua ditumika nadi bibi, lukuka ne dipanga meji dia muntu nansha. Dishidimuna diakanyine ne madikolela menza pamue bua diakalenga dia bukua-bantu bidi mua kuambuluisha buloba bua kuakajabu nansha dinyanguka dikole dienza mu nyungulukilu ne maloba mûme. Kadi netuambe tshinyi bua kabutu kadi mua kuenzeka kafumina muaba mukuabu, bu mudi mitoto ya milanjilanji anyi tubulunge bidi bienda binyunguluka?

Tshiena-bualu tshialonda tshidi tshifila mushindu wa kupeta diandamuna didi disankisha ku lukonko elu ludi lupampakaja.

[Lungenyi lunene lua mu dibeji 5]

Dishidimuna ne madikolela menza pamue bidi mua kuambuluisha buloba bua kuakajabu nansha dinyanguka dikole