Miji ya ateisme

TUDI pa buloba budi bûle ne njiwu; dîsu ditapa kakese ku malu manene a mu bikandakanda didi dishindika muanda eu dituku dionso. Dipanga ditekemena dia bulongolodi buetu ebu ndifikisha bavule ku didiebeja Nzambi né utuku. Bamue, badi badiamba ba-até, badi mene bavila dikalaku diende. Mmûtu pebe wamba anyi?

Ditabuja anyi dibenga kuitabuja Nzambi didi mua kuikala ne buenzeji buondoke pa ditangidila diebe dia matuku atshilualua. Nzambi yeye kayiku, dipanduka dia bukua-bantu didi amu mu bianza bia muntu​—bualu bua dibungama, pa kumona makokeshi a muntu a tshinyangu. Wewe witaba menemene ne: Nzambi udiku, nenku mbimueneke ne, udi witaba ne: muoyo pa buloba ebu udi ne tshipatshila​—tshipatshila tshialua mene kukumbajibua.

Nansha muvua divila dikalaku dia Nzambi dikala dizokola eku ne eku mu malu a kale, anu mu siekele mikese emu ke mudidi dimanyika bikole dia ateisme (dibenga dikalaku dia Nzambi) dimuangalaka. Udi mumanye mbua tshinyi anyi?

Dibuela mu miji

Mutshi mule ntshintu tshidi tshikemesha. Kadi, mêsu adi amona anu mabeji, matamba, ne tshitumpampa. Miji​—mpokolo wa muoyo wa mutshi—​idi misokome mu ndondo mua buloba.

Bidi mumue menemene ne ateisme. Anu bu mutshi mule, divila dikalaku dia Nzambi diakakola bikole bitambe kumpala ne mu siekele wa 19. Muoyo ne bukua-bifukibua bidi mua kuikalaku kakuyi Mubifuki ukena bu biobio anyi? Ditendelela Mufuki ndijimija dia dîba anyi? Mandamuna a bantunga-mulongo bena nkindi ba mu siekele wa 19 avua mashindika ne matanduke. “Anu bu mutudi katuyi kabidi tukengela mikenji ya mu nsombelu, ke mutudi kabidi katuyi tukengela tshitendelelu,” ke muakamba Friedrich Nietzsche. “Tshitendelelu ntshilota tshia mu lungenyi lua muntu,” ke muakashindika Ludwig Feuerbach. Ne Karl Marx, muena mifundu ivua ne bua kuikala ne buenzeji buondoke mu makumi a bidimu avua ne bua kulua, wakamba ne tshikama tshionso ne: “Ndi musue kuvudija budikadidi bua mu lungenyi ku nkanu ya tshitendelelu.”

Misumba ivua ikemeshibua. Kadi, tshivuabo bamone tshivu’anu mabeji, matamba, ne tshitumpampa bia ateisme. Miji ivuaku ne ivua mipatuke kale kumpala kua dituadija dia siekele wa 19. Ne dikemesha dionso, dikola dipiadipia dia ateisme divua dikolesha kudi bitendelelu bia bukua-buena-nkristo! Mmushindu kayi? Bua dinyanguka diabo, ndongoluelu eyi ya malu a Nzambi yakakebesha dipanga kukokibua ne ditontolola dia bungi.

Mamiinu adi akunyibua

Mu Moyen Age, Ekleziya Katolike uvua muela bantu [bena katolike] muonji mu nshingu. “Bepiskopo bavua bamueneke ne: kabavua mua kukumbaja majinga a bantu a mu nyuma,” ke mudi mukanda wa The Encyclopedia Americana wamba. “Bamfumu badi ku mutu, nangananga bepiskopo, bavua bangatshibua mu mêko a bena kantu-ku-bianza ne bavua bamona mudimu wabo bu mpokolo wa didileja ne wa bumfumu.”

Bamue bu Jean Calvin ne Martin Luther, bakateta bua kuakajilula ekleziya. Kadi, ntumikilu yabo kayivua ya buena ya Kristo to; dibenga mmuenenu ya bakuabo ne diela mashi panshi biakafunkuna Diakajilula edi. (Fuanyikija ne Matayo 26:52.) Bua bubi bua amue a ku mabundangana abo, Thomas Jefferson, mfumu muisatu wa Etats-Unis kunyima kua siekele isatu wakafunda ne: “Kupanga kuitabuja nzambi nansha umue kudi mua kufuidibua luse, pamutu pa kumupenda ne ngenzelu ya tshikisu ya Calvin.”a

Mu butoke buonso, Diakajilula kadiakaasulula ntendelelu mukezuke nansha. Kadi, diakakepesha bukole bua Ekleziya Katolike. Vatican kavua kabidi nkayende bua ditabuja mu malu a Nzambi to. Bavule bakatua tusumbu tua Mishonyi tupiatupia mu nyima. Bakuabo, kabavua bakokibua kudi bitendelelu, bakenza lungenyi lua muntu tshintu tshia kutendelela. Ngikadilu wa budikadidi wakatungunuka, kufila njila ku mmuenenu mishilashilangane pa bidi bitangila Nzambi.

Mpata idi itoloka

Kumpala ne mu siekele wa 18, ngelelu wa meji mujalame (rationel) uvua muzangikibue bu buanga bua ntatu ya bulongolodi ebu. Emmanuel Kant muena nkindi muena Allemagne wakashindika ne: dilubuluka dia muntu ndikuata ku dilamata diende ku dilombola dia politike ne tshitendelelu. “Ditatshisha bua kumanya!” ke muakakankamijaye. “Ikala ne dikima dia kutumika ne lungenyi luebe nkayebe!”

Ngikadilu eu ke uvua nende Butoke (les lumières) ta Tshikondo tshia Butoke (le siècle des lumières). Bu muvuabu mu siekele mujima wa 18, tshikondo etshi tshivua tshimanyibue bua dinekesha mu dikeba dimanya. “Mpata yakapingana ditabuja difofo,” ke mudi mukanda wa Milestones of History wamba. “Bibidilu bia kale bionso biakedibua mpata.”

‘Tshilele tshia kale’ kampanda tshiakafukunyibua tshivua tshitendelelu. “Bantu bakashintulula mmuenenu wabo pa tshitendelelu,” ke mudi mukanda wa The Universal History of the World wamba. “Kabavua kabidi bukuta ne dilaya dia mafutu mu diulu; bavua bajinga nsombelu mulenga pa buloba. Bakabanga kujimija ditabuja diabo mu malu a mu nyuma.” Bushuwa, bena nkindi ba bungi bena Butoke (les lumières) bakapetula tshitendelelu. Nangananga, bakadiwula balombodi bena nzala ya bumfumu ba Ekleziya Katolike bua dilekela bantu mu dipanga.

Bu mudibu kabayi bukutshibue ne tshitendelelu, bavule ba ku bena nkindi aba bakalua ba-deiste; bavua bitabuja Nzambi kadi bashindika se: kêna ne bualu ne muntu.b Bakese bakalua ba-até (babengi ba dikalaku dia Nzambi), bu mudi muena nkindi Paul Henri Thiry Holbach, wakamba ne: tshitendelelu ke tshivua “mpokolo wa matapuluka, bupale, ne dibunda bibawu.” Mu kupita kua bidimu, Bukua-buena-nkristo buakatonda bavule ne bakaditua ku mmuenenu ya Holbach.

Ndidingidijapu kayi, Bukua-buena-nkristo buakambuluisha mu dikola dia ateisme! “Ekleziya ivua buloba bua ateisme,” ke muakafunda profesere wa teoloji Michael J. Buckley. “Kuondo ka muoyo ka bena ku Mputu ne ku Amerike kakatondeshibua mu buondoke ne bakakanyanga kudi bitendelelu bimanya. Ekleziya ne tusumbusumbu biakanyanga Mputu, kupatula dishipangana, kutuma dîyi bua tshitendelelu kutuatshi nkanana ta kutomboka, kuteta bua kuipata anyi kutula bamfumu.

Ateisme udi utua ku katongolobela kende

Mu siekele wa 19, divila Nzambi diakalejibua patoke ne divua didiunda. Bena nkindi ne bena sianse kabavua bumvua bu bualu bua kuleja mmuenenu yabo ne tshikama tshionso. “Muluishi wetu n’Nzambi,” ke muakamba até kampanda mumanyike patoke. “Dikina Nzambi ke mbangilu wa meji. Pikala bantu ne bua kulubuluka, bidi anu ku diambuluisha dia ateisme.”

Kadi, dishintuluka dia mu mifindifindi diakenzeka mu siekele wa 20. Mvita ya divila Nzambi yakakepela; ateisme wa mukuabo mushindu wakabanga kutangalaka, kulenga too ne badi bamba mudibo bitabuja Nzambi.

[Mêyi adi kuinshi]

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 3]

Karl Marx

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 3]

Ludwig Feuerbach

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 3]

Friedrich Nietzsche

[Mêyi a dianyisha bua tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 2]

TSHIZUBU: Buloba: ku dianyisha dia British Library; Nietzsche: Copyright British Museum (tangila kabidi dibeji 3); Calvin: Musée Historique de la Réformation, Genève (Foto F. Martin); Marx: U.S. National Archives photo (tangila kabidi dibeji 3); Planets, instruments, crusaders, locomotive: The Complete Encyclopedia of Illustration/​J. G. Heck; Feuerbach: The Bettmann Archive (tangila kabidi dibeji 3)