Udi mumanye Shafana ne dîku diende anyi?

PAUTU ubala Bible, ukatuku mumone miaba idibu bakula bua Shafana ne bamue bena mu dîku diende bavua bende lumu anyi? Bavua banganyi? Ntshinyi tshivuabu benze? Muyuki wabu udi mua kutulongesha tshinyi?

Bible udi utuambila bua “Shafana, muana wa Asalaya, muana wa Meshulama” padiye wakula bua tshikondo tshivua Yoshiya mutuadije kujadikulula ntendelelu mulelela bu mu 642 kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi. (2 Bakelenge 22:3) Munkatshi mua bidimu 36 biakalonda, too ne ku dibutuka dia Yelushalema mu 607 kumpala kua bikondo bietu, badi batuambila bua bana bende banayi aba: Ahikama, Elasa, Gemaleya ne Yâzanya ne bikulu bende babidi: Mikaya ne Gedaliya. (Tangila malu adi mu kazubu.) Mukanda kampanda udi umvuija ne: “Bena mu dîku dia Shafana bavua batambe kuenza mudimu mu mbulamatadi [mu bukalenge bua Yuda] ne bavua bafundi ba mukalenge kumbukila ku tshikondo tshia Yoshiya too ne pakayabu nabu mu Bupika.” (Encyclopaedia Judaica) Dikonkonona malu adi Bible wamba bua Shafana ne dîku diende nedituambuluishe bua kumvua mushindu uvuabu bakuatshishe muprofete Yelemiya ne ntendelelu mulelela wa Yehowa.

Shafana udi ukuatshisha ntendelelu mulelela

Mu 642 kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi, pavua Mukalenge Yoshiya ne bidimu bu 25, Shafana uvua sekretere anyi mufundi wa mukalenge. (Yelemiya 36:10) Mudimu au uvua ulomba tshinyi? Mukanda utudi batele kulu eku udi wamba ne: mufundi anyi sekretere wa mukalenge mmuntu uvua nende pabuipi bua kumupesha mibelu, uvua muomekela malu a mfranga, uvua mumanye malu a diumvuangana ne a malanda pankatshi pa matunga, a manême a bantu mu matunga mashilangane ne malu a dienda dia mishinga. Nenku, bu muvuaye sekretere wa mukalenge, Shafana uvua umue wa ku bantu banene menemene bavua mu bukalenge.

Bidimu dikumi kumpala, nsonga Yoshiya ukavua ‘mubange kukeba Yehowa, Nzambi wa Davidi, nkambua wende.’ Bidi bimueneka ne: Shafana uvua mupite Yoshiya ku bidimu bia bungi ne ke bualu kayi uvua mukumbane bua kupesha Yoshiya mibelu milenga mu malu a ntendelelu, ne wakamukuatshisha mu mudimu wende wa kumpala wakatuadijaye bua kujadikulula ntendelelu mulelela.a​—2 Kulondolola 34:1-8.

Pavuabu balongolola ntempelo, bakapeta “mukanda wa Mikenji ya Mose,” ne Shafana wakatuadija ‘kuubala kumpala kua mukalenge.’ Yoshiya wakabungama pakumvuaye malu avua mu mukanda ne wakatuma bantu ba kueyemena kudi Huleda muprofete mukaji bua kukonka Yehowa bua mukanda eu. Mukalenge wakaleja muvuaye weyemena Shafana ne muanende Ahikama pakabelaye munkatshi mua bantu bakatumaye abu.​—2 Bakelenge 22:8-14; 2 Kulondolola 34:14-22.

Eu ke muaba umuepele mu Bible udibu baleje bualu buvua Shafana nkayende muenze. Mu mvese mikuabu ya mu Bible, badi bamubikila patupu ne: tatu anyi kaku. Ndelanganyi ya Shafana yakadia malanda mashême ne muprofete Yelemiya.

Ahikama ne Gedaliya

Anu mutukadi bamone, mbatele Ahikama muana wa Shafana musangu wa kumpala pavuaye munkatshi mua bantu bavuabu batume bua kuya kudi muprofete mukaji Huleda. Munga mukanda udi uleja ne: “Nansha mudibu kabayi baleje muanzu wa Ahikama mu Bible wa tshiena-Ebelu, bidi bimueneka ne: uvua ne muanzu mubandile.”

Bidimu bitue ku 15 kunyima kua muanda eu, muoyo wa Yelemiya uvua mu njiwu. Pakadimuijaye bantu bua dijinga divua nadi Yehowa bua kubutula Yelushalema, ‘bakuidi ne baprofete ne bantu bonso bakamukuata, bamba ne: Wewe neufue bulelela.’ Ntshinyi tshiakenzeka pashishe? Muyuki udi utungunuka wamba ne: ‘Tshianza tshia Ahikama, muana wa Shafana, tshiakadi tshikuatshisha Yelemiya, bua kabamufidi mu bianza bia bantu bua bobu bamushipe.’ (Yelemiya 26:1-24) Bualu ebu budi buleja tshinyi? Nkonga-miaku kampanda udi wamba: “Muanda eu kawena anu uleja bukokeshi buvua nabu Ahikama, kadi udi uleja kabidi ne: anu bu bantu bakuabu ba mu dîku dia Shafana, yeye pende wakenzela Yelemiya malu mimpe.”​—The Anchor Bible Dictionary.

Bidimu bu 20 pashishe, kunyima kua bena Babulona bamane kubutula Yelushalema mu 607 kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi ne kunyima kua bamane kuya ne bantu ba bungi mu bupika, bakateka Gedaliya, muikulu wa Shafana, muana wa Ahikama, ngovena wa bena Yuda bavua bashale. Uvuaku muambuluishe pende Yelemiya bu muakenza bantu bakuabu ba mu dîku dia Shafana anyi? Tudi tubala mu Bible ne: ‘Pashishe, Yelemiya wakaya kudi Gedaliya, muana wa Ahikama, ku Misepa; wakashikama nende.’ Mu ngondo mikese bakashipa Gedaliya, ne bena Yuda bavua bashale bakangata Yelemiya ne kuyabu nende mu Ejipitu.​—Yelemiya 40:5-7; 41:1, 2; 43:4-7.

Gemaleya ne Mikaya

Gemaleya muana wa Shafana, ne muikuluende Mikaya bakambuluisha bikole mu malu adibu bumvuije mu Yelemiya nshapita wa 36. Bivua bu mu 624 kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi, mu tshidimu tshitanu tshia Mukalenge Yehoyakima. Baluka sekretere wa Yelemiya wakabala ne dîyi dikole mêyi a Yelemiya ku nzubu wa Yehowa, ‘mu nzubu wa [tshidilu] wa Gemaleya, muana wa Shafana.’ Ke bualu kayi ‘Mikaya muana wa Gemaleya, muana wa Shafana wakumvua mêyi onso a Yehowa akadi mu mukanda.’​—Yelemiya 36:9-11.

Mikaya wakamanyisha tatuende ne baminyampala bakuabu bonso bua mukanda au, ne buonso buabu bakajinga bua kuteleja tshivuawu wamba. Bakenza tshinyi? ‘Pakumvuabu mêyi onso, bakatangilangana ne buôwa, bakambila Baluka ne: Bulelela, netumanyishe mukalenge mêyi â onso.’ Kadi kumpala kua kumanyishabu mukalenge, bakabela Baluka ne: ‘Ya biebe usokome, wewe ne Yelemiya kabidi, kanumanyishi muntu muaba unudi.’​—Yelemiya 36:12-19.

Anu mukavuabu bele meji, mukalenge wakabenga mukenji uvua mu mukanda au ne wakawosha wonso butubutu. Bamue baminyampala, pamue ne Gemaleya muana wa Shafana, ‘bakasengelela mukalenge ne: Kuoshi mukanda nansha; kadi yeye kakabumvuila.’ (Yelemiya 36:21-25) Munga mukanda udi wamba ne: “Gemaleya uvua muambuluishi munene wa Yelemiya mu lupangu lua Mukalenge Yehoyakima.”​—Jeremiah—​An Archaeological Companion.

Elasa ne Yâzanya

Mu 617 kumpala ku bikondo bietu ebi, Babulona wakatshimuna bukalenge bua Yuda. Bena Yuda binunu ne binunu, “baminyampala bonso ne bena bukitu bonso ne bena mudimu bonso ne batudi ba biamu,” bakaya nabu mu bupika pamue ne muprofete Yehezekele. Matanaya, uvua bena Babulona bashintulule dîna ne: Sedekiya, wakalua mukalenge tshilolo mupiamupia. (2 Bakelenge 24:12-17) Kunyima, Sedekiya wakatuma bantu mu Babulona, munkatshi muabu muvua Elasa muana wa Shafana. Yelemiya wakapesha Elasa mukanda uvua ne mukenji wa mushinga uvua Yehowa mutumine bena Yuda bavua mu bupika.​—Yelemiya 29:1-3.

Muyuki wa mu Bible udi uleja ne: Shafana, bana bende basatu ne babidi ba ku bikulu bende bakakuatshisha ntendelelu mulelela ne Yelemiya muprofete wa lulamatu bua mianzu minene ivuabu nayi. Kadi netuambe tshinyi bua Yâzanya muana wa Shafana? Kavua yeye bu muvua bakuabu bena dîku dia Shafana to, kadi bidi bimueneka ne: wakaditua mu ntendelelu wa mpingu. Mu tshidimu tshisambombo tshia bupika bua Yehezekele mu Babulona, peshi bu mu 612 kumpala kua bikondo bietu ebi, muprofete wakapeta tshikena-kumona e kumonayemu bantu 70 buoshila mpingu musenga wa manananshi ku ntempelo wa mu Yelushalema. Munkatshi muabu muvua Yâzanya, muntu umuepele udibu batele dîna diende. Bualu ebu budi mua kuikala buleja ne: uvua muntu munene mu tshisumbu etshi. (Yehezekele 8:1, 9-12) Tshilejilu tshia Yâzanya tshidi tshileja ne: kuikala mukolesha mu dîku didi ditshina Nzambi kakuena kumvuija ne: muntu neikale mutendeledi wa Yehowa wa lulamatu to. Muntu yonso udi udiambuila bujitu bua nsombelu wende.​—2 Kolinto 5:10.

Dilondangana dia bena mu dîku dia Shafana

Mu tshikondo tshivua Shafana ne bena mu dîku diende bambuluisha bikole mu malu avua enzeka mu Yelushalema, dienza mudimu ne bitampi dikavua ditangalake bikole mu Yuda. Bavua benza mudimu ne bitampi bua kujadika muanda peshi bua kutua tshiala pa mikanda, ne bavua babienza ne mabue a mushinga mukole, ne tshiamu, mubanga wa nzevu anyi lumuenu. Pa tshibidilu, bavua bafundapu dîna dia muena tshitampi, dîna dia tatuende ne pamu’apa muanzu wende.

Mbangule binunu ne binunu bia bitampi bienza ne dima bikale ne miaku mifunda mu tshiena-Ebelu. Mulongeshi Nahman Avigad, mukebuludi wa malu a bifundu bia mu tshiena-Ebelu, wakamba ne: “Anu bifundu bidi pa bitampi nkayabi ke bintu bidi ne miaku ya mu tshiena-Ebelu bidi bitela bantu badi bamanyike mu Bible.” Mbapetaku bifundu bia pa tshitampi biakula bua Shafana peshi bua bena mu dîku diende anyi? Eyowa, dîna dia Shafana ne dia muanende Gemaleya adi pa tshitampi tshidibu baleje mu dibeji dia 19 ne dia 21.

Bakebuludi badi kabidi bamba ne: imue misangu mbatele kabidi mêna a bantu banayi ba mu dîku edi pa bitampi: Asalaya, tatuende wa Shafana; Ahikama muana wa Shafana; Gemaleya muana wa Shafana; ne Gedaliya uvuabu bambe mu tshifundu tshia pa tshitampi ne: uvua ku ‘mutu kua nzubu.’ Badi bamba ne: tshinayi tshia ku bitampi ebi tshivua tshia Gemaleya, muikulu wa Shafana, nansha mudibu kabayi batele tatuende Ahikama. Muanzu wende udibu baleje mu tshifundu tshia pa tshitampi udi uleja ne: uvua umue wa ku banene bavua ku mutu menemene kua mbulamatadi wa ditunga.

Malongesha

Ntshilejilu kayipu tshilenga tshidi Shafana ne dîku diende bashiye bua dikuatshisha ntendelelu mulelela ne muena lulamatu Yelemiya bua muanzu uvuabu nawu! Tuetu petu tudi mua kufila mpetu yetu ne kukuatshisha bulongolodi bua Yehowa ne bena Kristo netu ne muanzu utudi nawu.

Patudi tubala Bible ne tumukonkonone mu buondoke ne tumanya bantemu ba Yehowa ba kale bu mudi Shafana ne dîku diende, bidi bitupetesha masanka a bungi ne bidi bikolesha ditabuja dietu. Buobu pabu badi munkatshi mua “divuba dipite bunene dia bantemu” bena bilejilu bitudi mua kuidikija.​—Ebelu 12:1, NW.

[Mêyi adi kuinshi]

[Kazubu mu dibeji 22]

Huleda: muprofete mukaji uvua ne bukokeshi

Pakumvuaye dibala dia ‘mukanda wa Mikenji’ uvuabu bapete mu ntempelo, Mukalenge Yoshiya wakatuma Shafana ne banene bakuabu bavua ne mianzu minene bua kuya ‘kuebeja Yehowa’ bua mukanda eu. (2 Bakelenge 22:8-20) Nkuepi kuvua bantu aba mua kupeta diandamuna? Yelemiya ne imue misangu Nahuma ne Sefanya, baprofete bonso ne bafundi ba Bible, bavua basombele mu Yuda mu tshine tshikondo atshi. Kadi batumibue aba bakaya kudi Huleda muprofete mukaji.

Mukanda mukuabu udi umvuija ne: “Bualu budi bukemesha mu muanda eu mbua se: tshilumbu tshia mukaji anyi mulume katshivua tshijuke to. Muntu nansha umue kavua mumone bu bualu bubi bua muvua bantu balume aba kasumbu baye ne mukanda wa Mikenji kudi muntu mukaji bua abatokeshile tshilumbu tshiawu. Pakambaye ne: mukanda au uvua dîyi dia Mukalenge, muntu nansha umue kavua mueleshe bukokeshi buende mpata bua kukosa tshilumbu etshi. Bakebuludi batu misangu mivule balengulula muanda eu udi uleja mushinga uvua nawu bantu bakaji mu Isalele wa kale.” (Jerusalem​—An Archaeological Biography) Bushuwa, mukenji wakabamanyishabu uvua ufumina kudi Yehowa.

[Diumvuija dia bidi mu tshimfuanyi/​Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 21]

(Bua kumona malu bimpe, tangila mu mukanda)

Dilondangana dia bena mu dîku dia Shafana

Meshulama

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Asalaya

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Shafana

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Ahikama Elasa Gemaleya Yâzanya

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Gedaliya Mikaya

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Gemaleya ne bantu bakuabu bakasengelela Yehoyakima bua kuoshi mukanda uvua mufumine kudi Yelemiya

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 22]

Nansha muvua Yâzanya muikale wa mu dîku dia Shafana, bakamumona mu tshikena-kumona muikale utendelela mpingu

[Mêyi a dianyisha bua tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 19]

Ne dianyisha dia Israel Antiquities Authority

[Mêyi a dianyisha bua tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 21]

Ne dianyisha dia Israel Antiquities Authority