Awiichaniwa mu Epiiphi
‘[Yehova] owitxhanani mwipiphini, wi mukhale mukamamani.’ —1 PEDRO 2:9.
MACIPO: 116, 102
MWAAHAALA WAAKHULA HAI?
Emanle okhwa arummwa, achu a Muluku yaavolonwe hai mookapuroni o Papulu?
Tiheeni yeeren’ye variyari va eyaakha ya 1450 yeerinhe wi malapelo atheru eyeleele waalamulela waya achu?
Ovinyerya eyaakha ya 1870, wiilipiserya taani awoocihiwa yaapankaaya wi yiiwexexe phaama Masu a Muluku?
1. Tiheeni yeeren’ye vaavaa Yerusalemu aakhuculiweiye?
MU EYAAKHA ya 607 E.E.K., Mwene Napukotonosori II ni akhoco awe o Papulu yaavolowela epooma ya Yerusalemu. Piipiliya onnaloca wi mwene aawiipha amiravo ni nsipacha. “Havo àmoreliwe ikhariri: amiravo, asimwali, awuluvala ni aretxa òmalavo.” Voocharela, “yàheyela empa y’Apwiya, yakhutxula isiri s’o Yerusalemu, yàheyela ipa sothene ni yànanariha itxhu sorèra.”—2 Matharihelo 36:17, 19.
2. Olopola taani Yehova aavanheiye, nave tiheeni yahaala weereya ni Ayuta?
2 Ayuta hiyaaphwanela okhala ootikhiniheya ni okhuculiwa wa Yerusalemu. Mu iyaakha sincipale, Muluku aahaarumiha alipa miririmu waalopola achu wi wakhala wi aatitelela ohimwiiwelela, yahaala ovoloweliwa ni Apapulu. Ayuta ancipale yaahaala wiiphiwa ni nsipaaca, nave yaale yii evuluwe yaahaala okhala mookapuroni o Papulu. (Yeremiya 15:2) Okumi waari hai mookapuroni? Apwanne yookhalavo echu yoolikana okhala mookapuroni o Papulu ni yeeyo yeeren’ye ni Akristu? Wakhala wi ti hiiha, yeeren’ye liini?
OKUMI MOOKAPURONI
3. Okumi mookapuroni o Papulu waahiyanne hai ni okapuro o Yikuputu?
3 Yehova aahaaleela Ayuta wi vaavaa yeeraaya ekuseriwe wookapuroni, awo yaaphwanela weemererya mikhalelo saya mivyaani ni okhalano okumi waphaama waweryeya. Owo aahaaleela moorweela wa Yeremiya, ariki: “Muteke ipa ni mukhalekemo, mulimeke imatxa ni mulyeke eni ekhumeke mwemmo. Mulapeke wi epoma kòthamihenryakaniwo ekhale yaphama nave nvekeleke yeyo ntakhara okhala wanyu phama onarwa wa okhala phama w’epoma eyo.” (Yeremiya 29:5, 7) Ayuta yaawo yaacharinhe malakiheryo a Yehova yaanakhalano ekumi yaphaama mookapuroni. Apapulu yaanaweemererya Ayuta opaka ichu soothene yaachunaaya ni opaka mikwaha mootaphuwa. Nave mu elukuluku yeele, Papulu yaari epooma ya nakoso. Soorepa sakhalai sohooniherya wi mookapuroni, Ayuta ancipale yaahuserya okula ni omweeca nakoso nave yaakhalano mavyakelo. Ophiyerya wi Ayuta akina yaari ooreela. Okumi mookapuroni hiwaari woovila moolikana ni Aisarayeli yaari wookapuroni o Yikuputu iyaakha sincipale muculi.—Mwaalakhanye Mukwaha 2:23-25.
4. Taani aahooxen’ye mookapuroni o Papulu, nave ntakhara heeni Ayuta oororomeleya hiyaawerya opaka soothene saachuneya mu Nlamulo?
4 Ayuta akina yaari mookapuroni, yaari akapuro oororomeleya a Muluku. Naamwi yaari oororomeleya, awo yaahooxeya vamoha ni nloko noothene. Ayuta yaakhalano ichu soomwiilini yaachunaaya, nyenya yahaala omulapela hai Yehova? Empa ya Yehova ni altari saakhuculiwa, nave anamukucho hiyaawerya opaka muteko mmukhalelo wooreheryeya. Nyenya Ayuta oororomeleya yaapaka soothene yaaweryaaya wi echarihe Nlamulo na Muluku. Ntoko yootakiherya, Taniyeli, Satraki, Mesaki ni Apeteneko yaakhooca soolya saawateelihiwe Ayuta. Nave Piipiliya onnaloca wi Taniyeli anamvekela Muluku moohihiyererya. (Daniyeli 1:8; 6:10) Naamwi hiiha, woona wi yaalamuleliwa ni nloko natheru, hiwaari wookhweya Ayuta oororomeleya opaka soothene saachuneya mu Nlamulo.
5. Ewehereryo taani Yehova aavanheiye achu awe, nave ntakhara heeni yaari yoororomeleya?
5 Apwanne waahaala okhala wooweryeya Aisarayeli omulapela Muluku mmukhalelo waweemereryeya? Mu elukuluku yeele, hiwaari wooweryeya woona wi Apapulu hiyaaweemererya. Nyenya Yehova Muluku aalaiherya wi achu awe yaahaala woopoliwa, nave veelukuluku aya yaaheereya hiiha. Soolaiherya sa Muluku sinnaakhwanela!—Isaiya 55:11.
APWANNE AKRISTU AHINTONKO OKERIHIWA O PAPULU NTOKO AKAPURO?
6, 7. Ntakhara heeni ti woochuneya otoroka wiiwexexa wahu?
6 Mano, Akristu ahintoko okhala mookapuroni o Papulu? Mu iyaakha sincipale, Mulipeleli aanaloca wi Akristu oororomeleya yaavolonwe mookapuroni mu Papulu mu 1918 E.K. nave yoopoliwe mu 1919 E.K. Nyenya, mmwaha yoola ni onacharela, nnahaala ohuserya ntakhara heeni ti woochuneya otoroka wiiwexexa wahu.
7 Nkuupuwelani ela: Papulu Mutokotoko epooma etikitheren’yewo malapelo atheru. Nave achu a Muluku hiyaakhanle akapuro mmalapelo atheru mu 1918. Ti wawooneya wi variyari va elukuluku yeele, awoocihiwa yaaniikariwa. Nyenya wiikariwa waya weeriwano ni alamuleli, ohiya ni malapelo atheru. Ehaakumve Ekhoco Etokweene Yoopacerya, akapuro oothanliwa a Muluku yiiha yiimwalanye ni malapelo atheru. Mwawiihiiha, tahi eparipari oloca wi achu a Yehova yaavolonwe mookapuroni mu Papulu Mutokotoko mu 1918.
TI LIINI ACHU A MULUKU YAARYAAYA MOOKAPURONI MU PAPULU?
8. Tiheeni yeeren’ye arummwa emanle okhwa? (Moone eruku yoopacerya.)
8 Mu Pentekoste a eyaakha ya 33, macikhwi a Akristu avyaani yaathanliwa ni munepa waweela. Awo yaari “n’yareliwo nothanliwa, onamukutxho womwene, elapo yawela, nloko nawopoliwa.” (Mwaalakhanye 1 Pedro 2:9, 10.) Arummwa yaanahoolela miloko elukuluku yaakhanlaaya. Nyenya, xaxaxa vaavaa arummwa yaakhwilaaya, alopwana akina a mmilokoni yaapacerya ohusiha soowoka nave yaanachuna waahuweliha oohuserya. Alopwana yaala yaanasiveliwa ni sooloca soowoka sa Aristotle ni Plato nave yaapaceryiha mahusiheryo atheru ohiya eparipari yoorweela mu Masu a Muluku. (Saweriwa T’arummwa 20:30; 2 Tesalónika 2:6-8) Ancipale yaari alopwana a mavyakelo nave akina yaari alipa aweecelela miloko. Naamwi Yesu aalonce wa oomuchara awe wi “othene onnanyu,” naapacerya nikhuuru na ahooleli.—Mateu 23:8.
9. Mukhalelo taani Akristu oomwaryeya yaapacenryaaya wiiwanana ni olamulelo wa o Roma. Tiivi yaari yookhumelela?
9 Mu eyaakha ya 313 E.K., Mulamuleli Constantino anahoolela malapelo atheru o Roma nave aaheeriha wi Okristu yoola watheru ekhale malapelo aweemereryeya. Voocharela ekerexa yaapacerya wiiwanana ni olamulelo wa o Roma. Ntoko yootakiherya, Constantino aaheeciha muthukumano ni ahooleli a malapelo, yoowo waasuweliwe ntoko Concílio de Niceia. Omanle muthukumano, mulamuleli aamukeriha mukalaposo namukucho iichaniwa Arius nthowa nawi aanakhooca weemererya wi Yesu ti Muluku. Ohoolo waya, Teodósio aakhala mulamuleli o Roma, nave ekerexa ya Akatolika yaakhala malapelo aweemereryeya o Roma. Miyaha sinnaloca wi mahusiheryo oowoka o Roma yaakhala “Eekristu” variyari va elukuluku ya Mulamuleli Teodósio. Nyenya eparipari ti yawi, mu elukuluku yeele Akristu oomwaryeya yaaheemererya mahusiheryo atheru, mwawiihiiha awo yaanapaka makupa a Papulu Mutokotoko. Nyenya, nlelo yaakhalawo Akristu oothanliwa oororomeleya. Awo yaari ntoko triko yoowo Yesu aamulonceiye. Anna yaala oororomeleya yaanawetha wi emulapele Muluku, nyenya achu vakhaani ti yaawiriyana yeeyo yaalocaaya. (Mwaalakhanye Mateu 13:24, 25, 37-39.) Mweeparipari awo yaari mookapuroni mu Papulu!
10. Ntakhara heeni achu yaapacerya okhooca ekerexa?
10 Ivinre iyaakha nsana elukuluku ya Kristu, achu ancipale nlelo yaanamwaalakhanya Piipiliya mu Ekriki naari Elatini. Awo yaanalikanyiha mahusiheryo a Masu a Muluku ni mahusiheryo a ekerexa. Vaavaa achu yaahuseryaaya wi mahusiheryo a okerexa yaari atheru, awo yaanakhooca. Nyenya yaari yawoopiha waaleela akina moonelo aya, nave weerano hiiha yaahaala onyokiwa.
11. Ekerexa yaawenrye hai omuwatiiha Piipiliya?
11 Voovira wa elukuluku, achu a vakhaani yaanaloca Ekiriki ni Elatini. Nave ahooleli a okerexa hiyeemererya wi Masu a Muluku etaphuleliwe mu ilocelo seiyo achu yaakhovelenlaaya. Ntoko yookhumelela, pahiru ahooleli ni achu akina oohusiheya ti yaamwaalakhanya Piipiliya, naamwi ahooleli akina yahaawerya omwaalakhanya naari omurepa phaama. Muchu ori oothene aheemererya yeeyo yaahusihiwa okerexa aanalakiwa. Akristu oothanliwa oororomeleya yaanathukumana vamoha mmakhuuru makhaani oovitheya, nave akina hiyaawerya othukumana wiiliwiili. Moolikana ni okapuro wa Ayuta o Papulu, awoocihiwa, “n’yareliwo nothanliwa” hiyaawerya olapela mmukhalelo wooreheryeya. Papulu Mutokotoko aanaalamulela achu oothene!
YAAKHALAVO MATHOWA A OWEHERERYA
12, 13. Mathowa taani meeli yaavanhe Akristu eeparipari ewehereryo? Mutharihe.
12 Apwanne Akristu eeparipari yaahaala okhala ootaphuwa wi emulapele Muluku mwaweemereryeya? Aai! Yaakhalavo ewehereryo, wa mathowa meeli ookhweleya. Noopacerya waari opakiwa wa maakina oorepa ni ookumiha yaawo yaathaamihiwa. Ehaakumve opakiwa variyari va eyaakha ya 1450, Piipiliya aarepiwa mmatani, nave hiwaari wookhweya. Muchu a mavyakelo aanamaliha miyeeri khumi wi pahiru amurepe Piipiliya mmoha! Navetho, yaarepa va nnyapara na mwaasinama. Ntoko yookhumelela, yaariwo Apiipiliya vakhaani, nave yaari oowalamela. Nyenya woona wi yaakhalavo maakina a okumiha nave tho saakhalavo ipapeli, muchu a mavyakelo aanakumiha ipaaxina sawaakhwana 1.300 nihiku ti nihiku!
13 Nthowa nanaawiili waari otaphuleliwa wa Piipiliya. Variyari va eyaaka ya 1500, alopwana vakhaani oolipa murima yaanataphulela Masu a Muluku mu ilocelo sawunlaana saalociwa ni achu. Awo yaanapaka muteko yoola naamwi esuwelaka wi yaahaala wiiphiwa. Ahooleli a ikerexa yaari awoopihaxa. Ntakhara heeni? Nthowa nawi yaanoova wi vaavaa alopwana ni athiyana ooreera murima yeeraaya emwaalakhanye Piipiliya mu ilocelo saya, yaahaala opacerya waapakela makoho ntoko ala: ‘Nnaphwanyeya vaavi nihusiheryo na nipuro noothoriha? Enaphwanyeya vaavi Mpiipiliyani wi muchu onnaphwanela omuliva muhooleli wi amvekelele nihiku muchu onakhweiye? Ti vaavi Piipiliya onaloceiyevo sa Mapispo ni Papa?’ Mahusiheryo mancipale a ekerexa yatheru yaathipeleya mu filosofiya a Aristotle ni a Plato, alopwana yaawo yaakhanle iyaakha sincipale ehaakumve elukuluku ya Kristu. Ahooleli a ikerexa yaanasarasareya wakhala wi muchu ohaapakela nikoho. Alopwana ni athiyana yaakhooca mahusiheryo aya yaanathoriheliwa okhwa. Ahooleli a ikerexa yaachuna wi achu emaale omwaalakhanya Piipiliya ni waapakela makoho, nave ikwaha sincipale, ti yeeyo yeereya. Nyenya achu vakhaani oolipa murima yaanakhooca olamuleliwa ni Papulu Mutokotoko. Awo yaaphwanya eparipari mu Masu a Muluku, nave yaanachuna osuwela sincipale! Woopoliwa mmalapelo atheru waanaacamela.
14. (a) Achu yaachuna omuhuserya Piipiliya tiheeni yaapankaaya? (b) Mutharihe mukhalelo Munna Russell aatholathonleiye eparipari.
14 Achu ancipale yaanachuna omwaalakhanya ni omuhuserya Piipiliya ni oloca yeeyo yaahuseryaaya. Awo hiyaachuna wi ahooleli a ikerexa yaaleele yeeyo yaaphwanelaaya ororomela. Mwawiihiiha yaachawela ilapo ikina wi ekhale ootaphuwa omuhuserya Piipiliya. Elapo emoha ya seiyo waari o Estatu Unitu. Weiwo, variyari va eyaakha ya 1870, Charles Taze Russell ni akina yaapacerya omuhuserya Piipiliya mwawiiseela. Wuupaceryani munna Russell aachuna osuwela ekerexa taani yaahusiha eparipari. Mwamiruku owo aanalikanyiha mahusiheryo a ikerexa sincipale ni yeeyo Piipiliya aaloceiye. Moohilekela aasuwela wi hiyaarivo ekerexa yaachariha mwawaakhwanela Masu a Muluku. Mu elukuluku emoha, owo aaloca ni ahooleli ancipale a ikerexa sa vanipuroni. Munna Russell uupuwela wi yaahaala weemererya iparipari seiyo owo nnikhuuru nawe yaaphwannyaaya Mpiipiliyani wi ehusihe iparipari seiye mu ikerexa saya. Nyenya ahooleli a ikerexa hiyaapwacha. Oohuserya a Piipiliya yaahuserya wi hiyaaphwanela omulapela Muluku vamoha ni yaale yaapaka makupa a malapelo atheru.—Mwaalakhanye 2 Korinto 6:14.
15. (a) Ti liini Akristu eeparipari yaavolonwaaya mookapuroni o Papulu? (b) Makoho taani anahaala waakhuliwa mmwaha onacharela?
15 Mmwaha yoola, noohuserya wi Akristu eeparipari yaavolowa mookapuroni mu Papulu elukuluku vakhaani emanle okhwa arummwa. Nyenya, nlelo ninnachuna osuwela maakhulo a makoho anacharela: Nnasuwela hai wi awoocihiwa yaari ootaphuwa mu Papulu Mutokotoko ehaakumve eyaakha ya 1914? Apwanne eparipari wi Yehova hasiveliwe ni arummwa awe nthowa na ohaakuveya mmuteko aya woolaleerya variyari va Ekhoco Etokweene Yoopacerya? Variyari va elukuluku yeele, apwanne annihu yaanapaka makupa a elapo nave eyeleela weemereryiwa ti Yehova? Vanonto, wakhala wi Akristu yaakhala akapuro mu malapelo atheru emanle okhwa arummwa, ti liini yoopoliwaaya? Chiri ala makoho ookhweleya, nave anahaala waakhuliwa mmwaha onacharela.
[Yooleeliherya va epaaxina 22]
Soolaiherya sa Muluku sinnaakhwanela
[Yooleeliherya va epaaxina 23]
Ehaakumve Ekhoco Etokweene Yoopacerya, akapuro oothanliwa a Muluku yiiha yiimwalannye ni malapelo atheru
[Yooleeliherya va epaaxina 24]
Akristu awoocihiwa oororomeleya yaari ntoko tiriku yoowo Yesu aamulonceiye, nave yaanawetha wi emulapele Muluku
[Yooleeliherya va epaaxina 25]
Alopwana vakhaani oolipa murima yaanataphulela Masu a Muluku mu ilocelo sawunlaana saalociwa ni achu
[Ekaaxa va epaaxina 26]
MASU ATHARIHIWE
Tahi wi chiryene Akristu yaari mookapuroni mu Papulu, nyenya waari okapuro woosiphela wa achu a Muluku mmalapelo atheru
Anamukucho o Isarayeli, naari nikhuuru na alopwana yaawo yaathanliwe ti Yehova wi yaahooleleke achu awe mmalapelo eeparipari