‘Eryo Izooba Muryaguma Muriijukye’
“Eryo izooba riryaba ery’okubaijutsya; muryaguma muriijukye, ribe obugyenyi ahari MUKAMA.”—KUR. 12:14.
1, 2. Ni kiro ki eki Abakristaayo boona bashemereire kufayo kumanya ebirikukikwataho, kandi n’ahabw’enki?
NIKI ekirikukwija omu biteekateeko, ku orikuteekateeka aha biijutsyo? Omuntu ori omu bushwere naabaasa kwijuka obugyenyi bwe bw’okugaitwa. Abandi, nibabaasa kwijuka ekiro kikuru ekirikukuzibwa omu ihanga ryabo. Kwonka shi noomanya ekiro ekitwire nikikuzibwa kumara emyaka erikurenga 3,500?
2 Ekiro ekyo n’Okuhingurwaho. Nibwo obu Abaisraeli baaruga Misri omu buhuuku. Ekiro ekyo oshemereire kukitwara nka kikuru. Ahabw’enki? Ahabw’okuba nikikwata aha magara gaawe omu miringo mingi. ‘Kwonka,’ noobaasa kuteekateeka oti: ‘Abayudaaya nibo barikukuza Okuhingurwaho, kandi nyowe tindi Muyudaaya. Ahabw’enki nshemereire kufayo kumanya ebirikukwata aha kiro ekyo?’ Nitubaasa kutunga eky’okugarukamu kuruga omu bigambo ebi: ‘Kristo omwana gw’entaama ogw’Okuhingurwaho kwaitu akatambwa ahabwaitu.’ (1 Kor. 5:7) Twine kumanya ebirikukwata aha Kuhingurwaho kw’Abayudaaya ekiraatubaasise kwetegyereza ekiragiro ekyahairwe Abakristaayo.
AHABW’ENKI ABAISRAELI BAAKURIZE OKUHINGURWAHO?
3, 4. Okuhingurwaho okw’okubanza kutakabaireho, hakabaho bintu ki?
3 Abantu baingi omu nsi yoona abatari Bayudaaya nibabaasa kuba baine eki barikumanya aha bikwatiraine n’Okuhingurwaho okwabandize. Nibabaasa kuba barashomire ebirikukwata aha Kuhingurwaho omu kitabo kya Okuruga, barahuriire abandi nibakutebyaho, nari barareebire vidiyo erikukwata aha mukoro ogwo.
4 Abaisraeli bakaba bari abahuuku omuri Misri emyaka mingi, reero Yehova yaatuma Musa na mukuru we Arooni kuza owa Faraho kumugambira ngu arekure abaheereza Be. Omutegyeki wa Misri ogwo akaba aine amaryo atarikubaasa kwikiriza Abaisraeli kugyenda, n’ahabw’ekyo Yehova akateera ensi ya Misri n’ebibonaboneso. Bwanyima, Ruhanga akoohereza ekibonaboneso kya ikumi, eky’okwita emijigaijo y’Abanyamisri ekyareeteire Faraho kurekura Abaisraeli.—Kur. 1:11; 3:9, 10; 5:1, 2; 11:1, 5.
5. Abaisraeli bakaba baine kukora ki kwetebeekanisiza okucungurwa? (Reeba ekishushani aha kutandika.)
5 Kwonka Abaisraeli bakaba baine kukora ki batakacungwirwe? Ebi bikabaho omu kwezi kw’Ekiheburaayo okurikwetwa Abibu okwaizire kwetwa Nisani omu gwa 1513 Yesu atakazairwe.a Ruhanga akagira ngu aha kiro kya ikumi eky’okwezi okwo, Abaisraeli bakaba baine kutandika kwetebeekanisiza omukoro ogwakubaireho aha Nisani 14. Ekiro ekyo kikatandika bwanyima y’eizooba kurenga ahabw’okuba ebiro by’Ekiyudaaya bikaba bitandika omwabazyo gumwe eizooba ryaheza kurenga bihendera omwabazyo ogundi eizooba ryaheza kurenga. Aha Nisani 14, buri ka ekaba eine kubaaga empaya y’entaama nari ey’embuzi, kandi bakamiisiira eshagama yaayo aha biti by’emiryango y’enju. (Kur. 12:3-7, 22, 23) Eka egyo ekaba eine kurya ekiihuro ky’omwana gw’entaama eyokize hamwe n’emigaati etatumbisiibwe n’emboga ezirikushaarira. Maraika wa Ruhanga akaba naija kuraba omu nsi ya Misri arikwita buri mujigaijo w’Abanyamisri, kwonka Abaisraeli abaabaire bari abeesigwa abaana baabo akabarinda.—Kur. 12:8-13, 29-32.
6. Ahabw’enki Abaisraeli bakaba baine kuguma nibakuza Okuhingurwaho buri mwaka?
6 Ekyo nikyo kyabaireho, kandi Abaisraeli bakaba baine kuguma nibaijuka okucungurwa kwabo omu myaka eyaakukuratsireho. Ruhanga akabagira ati: “Eryo izooba riryaba ery’okubaijutsya; muryaguma muriijukye, ribe obugyenyi ahari MUKAMA; omu busingye bwanyu bwona muryarigira eizooba ry’obugyenyi, gube omugyenzo ogubateereirweho ebiro byona.” Okuhingurwaho okwa Nisani 14 kukaba kwine kukuratwa obugyenyi bw’ebiro mushanju. Nisani 14 nikyo kyabaire kiri ekiro ky’Okuhingurwaho, kwonka eiziina Okuhingurwaho niribaasa n’okukwata aha biro byona munaana eby’obugyenyi obwo. (Kur. 12:14-17; Luk. 22:1; Yoh. 18:28; 19:14) Okuhingurwaho kukaba kuri kumwe aha magyenyi agu Abaheburaayo baabaire baine kukuza buri mwaka.—2 Bus. 8:13.
7. Ni mukoro ki ogu Yesu yaatandikireho aha Kuhingurwaho oku yaahererukireyo kukuza n’entumwa ze?
7 Ahabw’okugira ngu Yesu n’entumwa ze bakaba nibakuratira Ebiragiro bya Musa, bakaba nibakuza Okuhingurwaho buri mwaka. (Mat. 26:17-19) Aha Kuhingurwaho oku Yesu yaahererukireyo kukuza n’entumwa ze, akatandikaho omukoro musya ogu abakuratsi be baabaire baine kuguma nibaijuka buri mwaka. Omukoro ogwo nigwetwa Ekiijutsyo. Kwonka shi Ekiijutsyo ekyo kikaba kiine kubaho izooba ki?
EKIIJUTSYO KIINE KUBAHO IZOOBA KI?
8. Aha bikwatiraine n’Ekiijutsyo hamwe n’Okuhingurwaho abamwe nibabaasa kwebuuza kibuuzo ki?
8 Ahabw’okugira ngu Yesu akatandikaho omukoro gw’Ekiijutsyo ahonaaho bwanyima y’Okuhingurwaho, omukoro ogwo musya gukaba nigwija kuhikaana n’ekiro ky’Okuhingurwaho. Kwonka, noobaasa kuba oyetegyereize ngu ebiro eby’Okuhingurwaho okw’Ekiyudaaya ebirikworekwa aha karenda ezimwe ez’obunaku obu, nibiba nibikizaho ekiro kimwe nari n’okukiraho aha biro obu turikwijukiraho okufa kwa Yesu. Ahabw’enki hariho entaaniso egyo? Kimwe aha by’okugarukamu, nikitwariramu ebiragiro ebi Ruhanga yaahaire Abaisraeli. Bwanyima y’okugira ngu “eihanga ryona ery’Abaisraeli” baryaita omwana gw’entaama, Musa akabagambira obu baabaire baine kugubaaga ahari Nisani 14.—Shoma Okuruga 12:5, 6.
9. Kurugiirira aha Okuruga 12:6, omwana gw’entaama ogw’Okuhingurwaho gukaba gwine kubaagwa ryari? (Reeba akabokisi “Ni Bwire Ki obw’Izooba?”)
9 Ekitabo Pentateuch na Haftorahs nibyoreka ngu Okuruga 12:6 nihagira ngu omwana gw’entaama gukaba gwine kubaagwa ahagati y’ebicweka bibiri by’omwabazyo. Envunuura zimwe eza Baibuli nizikoresa ebigambo ebyo byenyine. Ezindi, otwariiremu Tanakh envunuura ey’Ekiyudaaya, neekoresa “omu mwabazyo.” Kandi ezindi nizikoresa, “bwaba nibutandika kwira,” nari “eizooba ryaba nirirenga.” N’ahabw’ekyo omwana gw’entaama gukaba gwine kubaagwa bwanyima y’eizooba kurenga kwonka butakaizire, aha kutandika kwa Nisani 14.
10. Kurugiirira ahari bamwe, omwana gw’entaama gukaba gubaagwa ryari kandi ekyo nikireetaho kibuuzo ki?
10 Obwire ku bwahingwireho, Abayudaaya abamwe bakaba nibateekateeka ngu kikaba nikitwara obwire bwingi kubaaga entaama zoona ezaabaire nizireetwa ahari Hekalu. N’ahabw’ekyo kikaba nikiteekateekwa ngu Okuruga 12:6 nihagamba aha muheru gwa Nisani 14, eizooba riri haihi kurenga (omu ihangwe) na bwanyima y’eizooba kurenga. Kwonka ku kiraabe nikwo kiri, ekiihuro ky’Okuhingurwaho kikaba kiine kukwatwa ryari? Omuhangu omu by’ediini y’Ekiyudaaya Jonathan Klawans, akagira ati: “Izooba erindi niritandika eizooba ryaba nirirenga, n’ahabw’ekyo ekitambo nikiheebwayo ebiro 14 kwonka okutandika kw’Okuhingurwaho n’ekiihuro nibibaho ebiro 15, n’obu ebiro ebyo biraabe bitarikugambwaho butunu omu Okuruga.” Kandi naagira ati: “Ebitabo byabeegyesa . . . tibirikutugambira oku ekiihuro ky’Okuhingurwaho kyabaire kitebeekanisibwa Hekalu etakacwekyereziibwe” omu gwa 70 Yesu aherize kuzaarwa.
11. (a) Niki ekyahikire ahari Yesu aha kiro ky’Okuhingurwaho omu gwa 33? (b) Ahabw’enki Nisani 15 omu gwa 33 yaayetsirwe Sabato ‘enkuru’? (Reeba obugambo obwa ahansi.)
11 Mbwenu shi Okuhingurwaho okw’omu gwa 33 kukabaho izooba ki? Aha Nisani 13, obu ekiro “ekyabaire kitambirwaho omwana gw’entaama” kyabaire kiri haihi kuhika, Kristo akaragiira Petero na Yohaana ati: “Mugyende, mututebeekanisize Okuhingurwaho, turye.” (Luk. 22:7, 8) ‘Eshaaha zikahika’ ez’okurya Okuhingurwaho, bwanyima y’eizooba kurenga aha Nisani 14, Orwakana omu mwabazyo. Yesu akarya ekiihuro ekyo ari n’entumwa ze, kandi yaatandikaho omukoro gw’Ekiijutsyo. (Luk. 22:14, 15) Omwabazyo ogwo akakwatwa kandi yaahozesibwa. Yesu akahanikwa ziri nka shaaha mukaaga aha Nisani 14, kandi ihangwe eryo ryenyine yaafa. (Yoh. 19:14) N’ahabw’ekyo, ‘Kristo Okuhingurwaho kwaitu akatambwa’ aha izooba niryo rimwe nk’omwana gw’entaama ogw’Okuhingurwaho. (1 Kor. 5:7; 11:23; Mat. 26:2) Yesu akaziikwa Nisani 15 bitakahikire.b—Lev. 23:5-7; Luk. 23:54.
EKI TURIKUBAASA KWEGYERA AHA KUHINGURWAHO
12, 13. Abaana b’Abayudaaya bakaba beejumba bata omu kukuza ekiro ky’Okuhingurwaho?
12 Ka tugaruke tureebe ekyabaireho aha Kuhingurwaho okwabaireho omuri Misri. Musa akagira ngu omu biro by’omumaisho abaheereza ba Ruhanga bakaba nibaija kukuza Okuhingurwaho kandi kibe ekiragiro ‘eky’ebiro byona.’ Aha mukoro ogwo, abaana bakaba babuuza abazaire baabo ebibuuzo barikwenda kumanya amakuru gaagwo. (Shoma Okuruga 12:24-27; Bir. 6:20-23) N’ahabw’ekyo, izooba ry’Okuhingurwaho rikaabaire “ery’okubaijutsya” hamwe n’abaana baabo.—Kur. 12:14.
13 Abaana abandi ku baagumire nibazaarwa, baishebo bakaba baguma nibabeegyesa ebirikukwata aha Kuhingurwaho. Kimwe aha bi baabaire babeegyesa n’okugira ngu Yehova naarinda abaheereza be. Abaana bakaba beega ngu Yehova ti Ruhanga otarikwetegyerezibwa. Yehova ni Ruhanga owaabuzima, ariho kandi naakunda kuhwera abaheereza be. Eki akakyoreka arikurinda emijigaijo y’Abaisraeli “obu yaita Abanyamisri.”
14. Abazaire Abakristaayo nibabaasa kwegyesa ki abaana baabo aha byabaireho aha Kuhingurwaho?
14 Abazaire Abakristaayo buri mwaka tibarikutebeza abaana baabo ebirikukwata aha Kuhingurwaho okwo. Kwonka shi, nooyegyesa abaana baawe ngu Ruhanga naarinda abaheereza be? Mbwenu shi nooyoreka abaana baawe ngu noohamya ku Yehova arikurinda abaheereza be? (Zab. 27:11; Isa. 12:2) Mbwenu shi ekyo nookikora omu muringo murungi orikugaaniira n’abaana baawe kutari kubagambira kwonka? Teeraho kubeegyesa aha ku Ruhanga arikuhwera abantu kibahwere kwongyera kwesiga Yehova.
15, 16. Okuhingurwaho n’ebiri omu kitabo kya Okuruga nibibaasa kukoresibwa kwegyesa ki ahari Yehova?
15 Ekindi eki turikubaasa kwegyera aha Kuhingurwaho n’okugira ngu Yehova naacungura abaheereza be. Akabacungura obu ‘yaabaiha omuri Misri.’ Eki kikaba nikitwariramu ki? Bakaba nibeebemberwa enyomyo y’ekicu n’ey’omuriro. Bakagyendera ahoomire barikucwekanisa enyanja erikutukura ei Yehova yaabanganiisemu. Bwanyima y’okwambuka bakareeba amaizi ago garikucwekyereza amahe g’Abanyamisri. Abaisraeli bakeeshongora bati: “Niinyeshongorera MUKAMA . . . embaraasi n’ogitembire abinagire omu nyanja. MUKAMA niwe maani gangye n’ekyeshongoro kyangye, kandi ahindukire okujunwa kwangye.”—Kur. 13:14, 21, 22; 15:1, 2; Zab. 136:11-15.
16 Ku oraabe oine abaana, noobahwera kwesiga Yehova nk’Omucunguzi? Mbwenu shi omu migambire yaawe n’ebi orikucwamu nooyoreka ngu nooyesiga Yehova? Noobaasa kukoresa ebiri omu Okuruga eshuura 12-15 omu Kwega kw’Eka kubahamiza oku Yehova yaacungwire abaheereza be. Obumwe noobaasa kukoresa ebiri omu Ebyakozirwe 7:30-36 nari Danieli 3:16-18, 26-28 kubashoboororera enshonga egyo. Buzima abato n’abakuru baine kuhamiza kimwe ngu Yehova naacungura abaheereza be na hati. Nk’oku yaacungwire abaheereza be omu bunaku bwa Musa, naija kutucungura omu biro by’omumaisho.—Shoma 1 Abatesalonika 1:9, 10.
EKI TWINE KUGUMA NITWIJUKA
17, 18. Twine kuguma nitwijuka ki twateekateeka aha ku eshagama yaakoresiibwe aha Kuhingurwaho okw’okubanza?
17 Abakristaayo ab’amazima tibarikukuza ekiro ky’Okuhingurwaho okw’Ekiyudaaya. Ekiro ekyo kikaba kiri kimwe aha Biragiro ebyahairwe Musa, kandi itwe tituri ahansi y’ebiragiro ebyo. (Rom. 10:4; Kol. 2:13-16) Kwonka itwe nitwijuka omukoro mukuru ogw’okufa kw’Omwana wa Ruhanga. Bimwe ebyabaireho aha mukoro gw’Okuhingurwaho ogwabandize kubaho omuri Misri, haine eki turikubyegyeraho.
18 Eshagama y’entaama eyaasiigirwe aha biti by’emiryango y’enju ekaba neejwekyera okucungura amagara. Obunaku obu, titurikuhayo bitambo by’enyamaishwa ahari Ruhanga aha kiro ky’Okuhingurwaho nari erindi izooba. Kwonka hariho ekitambo ekirikukirayo ekirikubaasa kucungura amagara ebiro byona. Entumwa Paulo akagira ngu, ‘eshagama erikumiisiirwa,’ niyo erikubaasisa Abakristaayo abashukirweho amajuta kutuura omu iguru ebiro byona. Abo nibo ‘mijigaijo ehandiikirwe omu iguru.’ (Heb. 12:23, 24) Abakristaayo abaraatuure omu nsi ebiro byona nabo baine amatsiko ahabw’eshagama egyo. Twena tushemereire kuguma nitwijuka ebigambo ebi: “Omuri ogwo tuheebwa okucungurwa ahabw’eshagama ye, okusaasirwa eby’okushiisha byaitu, nk’obutungi bw’embabazi ze oku buri.”—Efe. 1:7.
19. Ahabw’enki omuringo ogu Yesu yaafiiremu nigubaasa kutureetera kwesiga obunabi?
19 Abaisraeli ku baabaire babaaga omwana gw’entaama ogw’Okuhingurwaho, bakaba batashemereire kuhenda eigufa ryagwo na rimwe. (Kur. 12:46; Kub. 9:11, 12) Kandi shi “Omwana gw’entaama wa Ruhanga” owaizire kutufeera? (Yoh. 1:29) Akahanikwa ahagati y’enkozi z’ebibi ibiri. Abayudaaya bakashaba Pilaato ngu bahende amagufa g’abashaija abaabaire bahanikirwe. Eki kikaabareeteire kurahuka kufa kugira ngu Sabato eya Nisan 15 etabashanga aha miti. Abaserukare bakahenda amaguru g’enkozi z’ebibi ibiri, “kwonka ku baahikire ahari Yesu, baashanga yaakabire; tibaamuhenda maguru.” (Yoh. 19:31-34) Nk’oku amagufa g’omwana gw’entaama ogw’Okuhingurwaho gaabaire gatahendwa, n’amagufa ga Yesu tigarahenzirwe. N’ahabw’ekyo omwana gw’entaama ogw’Okuhingurwaho gukaba nigujwekyera ekitambo kya Yesu ekyahairweyo Nisani 14 omu gwa 33. (Heb. 10:1) Ekyo kikahikiiriza ebigambo ebiri omu Zaaburi 34:20, kandi kishemereire kutureetera kwesiga obunabi.
20. Okuhingurwaho nikutaana kuta n’Okwijuka Okufa kwa Mukama waitu?
20 Kwonka Okuhingurwaho nikutaana aha kwijuka okufa kwa Yesu. Okuhingurwaho oku Abayudaaya baabaire baine kwijuka kukaba kutarikujwekyera eki Yesu yaagambiire abakuratsi be kuguma nibakora baaba nibaijuka okufa kwe. Omuri Misri, Abaisraeli bakarya omwana gw’entaama kwonka tibaranywaire shagama yaagwo. Ekyo nikitaana n’eki Yesu yaagambiire abakuratsi be kuguma nibakora. Akagambira abo abaabaire nibaija kutegyeka nawe “omu bukama bwa Ruhanga” kuguma nibarya aha mugaati n’okunywa aha viinyo ebirikujwekyera omubiri gwe n’eshagama ye. Nitwija kushwijuma enshonga egi omu kicweka ekiraakurateho.—Mak. 14:22-25.
21. Ahabw’enki kiri kikuru kumanya ebirikukwata aha Kuhingurwaho?
21 Okuhingurwaho gukaba guri omukoro mukuru munonga aha baheereza ba Ruhanga aba ira, kandi nitubaasa kukwegyeraho bingi. N’obu ekiro ky’Okuhingurwaho kiraabe kyabaire kiine kwijukwa Abayudaaya, itwe Abakristaayo haine eki turikukyegyeraho ahabw’okuba Ebyahandiikirwe byona bikahandiikisibwa Ruhanga.—2 Tim. 3:16.
a Okwezi kw’okubanza okwa Karenda y’Ekiyudaaya kukaba nikwetwa Abibu, kwonka bwanyima kukaija kwetwa Nisani obu Abaisraeli baaruga Babulooni omu bukwatwa. Omu kicweka eki nitwija kuba nitukoresa Nisani.
b Nisani 15 bikatandika bwanyima y’eizooba kurenga, ekirikumanyisa ngu Sabato (Orwamukaaga) omwaka ogwo ekahikaana n’izooba ry’okubanza ery’Obugyenyi bw’Emigaati Etatumbisiibwe, obwabaire bubaho aha Sabato. Ahabw’okugira ngu Sabato ibiri ezo zikahika aha izooba rimwe, “Sabato egyo ekaba eri nkuru.”—Yoh. 19:31, 42.