Kuba mw Isi Ariko Ata Kuba Uwayo

“Kuko mutar’ab’isi . . . isi i[ra]banka.”—YOHANA 15:19.

1. Ni imigenderanire miki Abakirisu bafitaniye n’isi, yamara isi ibabona ite?

MW IJORO rya nyuma yamaranye n’abigishwa biwe, Yezu yababwiye, ati ‘Ntimur’ab’isi.’ Yariko avuga isi nki? Mbega igihe kimwe nko mu ntango ntiyari yavuze, ati “Imana yarakunze isi gushika itange Umwana wayo w’ikinege, ngo umwemeye wese ntapfe, aronke riho ubuzima budahera”? (Yohana 3:16, Ubwuzure Bushasha) Abigishwa biwe birumvikana ko bari igihimba c’iyo si kubera ko bari aba mbere mu kwizera Yezu ngo bazoronke ubuzima budashira. Ni kuki none Yezu buno yari avuze ko abigishwa biwe bari batanye n’isi? Vyongeye ni kuki yavuze kandi, ngo “Kuko mutar’ab’isi, . . . ni co gituma isi ibanka”?—Yohana 15:19.

2, 3. (a) Ni “isi” iyihe Abakirisu batari abayo? (b) Bibiliya ivuga iki ku vyerekeye “isi” Abakirisu batari abayo?

² Inyishu ni uko Bibiliya ikoresha ijambo “isi” (Ikigiriki, koʹsmos) mu buryo butandukanye. Nk’uko vyasiguwe mu kiganiro gikurikirwa n’iki, rimwe na rimwe muri Bibiliya “isi” ryerekeza ku bantu bafatiwe hamwe. Iyo ni yo si Imana yakunze kandi Yezu akayipfira. Ariko rero, igitabu The Oxford History of Christianity kivuga giti: “ ‘Isi’ kandi ni ijambo rikoreshwa mu vy’Ubukirisu rivuga ikintu conkowe ku Mana kandi kizirana na yo.” Ivyo biba vyo gute? Umwanditsi w’Umugatolika Roland Minnerath, mu gitabu ciwe Les chrétiens et le monde (Abakirisu n’Isi), asigura ati: “Rifashwe mu nsobanuro mpushanya, iyo si ibonwa rero bwa . . . hantu intwaro nyabubasha zizirana n’Imana zirangurira umurimo wazo, kandi, biturutse ku vy’uko harwanya inganji ya Kirisitu y’intsinzi, hakaba hagize inganji-mwansi iri mu minwe ya Shetani.” Iyo ‘si’ ni ikigwi c’abantu conkowe ku Mana. Abakirisu b’ukuri si ab’iyo si, kandi na yo irabanka.

³ Nko mu mpera z’ikinjana ca mbere, Yohani mu muzirikanyi yiyumvira iyo si igihe yandika ngo: “Ntimugakunde, isi cank’ibiri mw isi. Umuntu ni yakunda isi, ugukunda Data wa twese ntikuzoba kuri muri we. Kukw ikiri mw isi cose ar’ivyifuzo vy’umubiri, n’ivyifuzo vy’amaso, n’[ukurata uburyo umuntu afise bw’ukubaho], bitanduruka kuri Data wa twese, ariko vyanduruka mw isi.” (1 Yohana 2:15, 16) Yaranditse kandi, ati “Turazi yuko tur’ab’Imana, kand’isi yose iri muri wa Mubi.” (1 Yohana 5:19) Yezu ubwiwe yise Shetani “umutware w’iyi si.”—Yohana 12:31; 16:11.

Ugutsimbatara kw’Intwaro Nyabubasha Ziganza Isi

4. Ni gute intwaro nyabubasha ziganza isi zaje kubaho?

⁴ Isi y’abantu ihari ubu yonkowe ku Mana yatanguye gutsimbatara inyuma gatoyi y’Umwuzure wo mu misi ya Nowa, igihe benshi mu bakomoka kuri Nowa bareka gusenga Yehova Imana. Uwari akomeye mu misi ya kare yari Nimurodi, umwubatsi w’igisagara akaba n’ ‘umuhigi akomeye ateye kubiri na Yehova.’ (Itanguriro 10:8-12) Muri iyo myaka henshi muri iyi si hari hungunganijwe mu bisagara-bwami bitobito, rimwe na rimwe bikaza biragira imigwi-runani hanyuma bikarwana. (Itanguriro 14:1-9) Ibisagara-bwami bimwebimwe vyariganziye ibindi, bicika intwaro nyabubasha ziganza intara. Intwaro nyabubasha zimwezimwe ziganza intara amaherezo zagiye zicika intwaro nyabubasha zikomakomeye ziganza isi.

5, 6. (a) Za ntwaro nyabubasha indwi zo mu nkuru za Bibiliya ni izihe? (b) Izo ntwaro nyabubasha zigereranywa gute, kandi ububasha bwazo buva hehe?

⁵ Mu gukurikira indorerwako ya Nimurodi nyene, abategetsi b’intwaro nyabubasha ziganza isi ntibasenze Yehova, ivyo bikagaragarira mu bikorwa bakora biranga ukutagira ikigongwe, vy’ubukazi. Izo ntwaro nyabubasha ziganza isi mu Vyanditswe zigereranywa n’ibikoko binyeshamba, kandi uko ibinjana vyagiye birarengana, Bibiliya iragenekereza zitandatu muri zo zagize ico zikora gikomeye ku gisata ca Yehova. Izo zari Misiri, Asiriya, Babiloni, Abamedi n’Abaperesi, Ubugiriki, n’Uburoma. Inyuma y’Uburoma, intwaro nyabubasha y’indwi iganza isi yaravuzwe mu buhanuzi ko yovyutse. (Daniyeli 7:3-7; 8:3-7, 20, 21; Ivyahishuriwe 17:9, 10) Iyo yagaragaye ko ari ya Ntwaro Nyabubasha Iganza Isi, y’Abongereza n’Abanyamerika, igizwe n’Inganji y’Abongereza kumwe n’iyo bigiranye urunani ari yo Reta Zunze Ubumwe, iyahavuye ikingīra Ubwongereza mu vy’ububasha. Inganji y’Ubwongereza yatanguye gutsimbatara inyuma y’aho imishirīra ya nyuma y’Inganji y’Uburoma idorongereye.a

⁶ Izo ntwaro nyabubasha indwi zagiye ziraganza isi, mu gitabu c’Ivyahishuwe zigereranywa na ya mitwe y’inyamaswa nyeshamba y’imitwe ndwi isokoroka iva mu kiyaga ari co bantu badatekanye. (Yesaya 17:12, 13; 57:20, 21; Ivyahishuriwe 13:1) Iyo nyamaswa itegeka ni nde ayiha ububasha ifise? Bibiliya irishura iti: “Ca gisato kigiha ububasha bgaco, no kuja ku ngoma yaco, n’ubutware buhambaye.” (Ivyahishuriwe 13:2) Ico gisato si ikindi atari Shetani ya Diyabule.—Luka 4:5, 6; Ivyahishuriwe 12:9.

Bwa Butegetsi Buza bw’Ubwami bw’Imana

7. Abakirisu bizigira iki, kandi ivyo bigira ico bikoze gute ku migenderanire bafitaniye n’intwaro z’isi?

⁷ Abakirisu baramaze imyaka hafi y’2 000 basenga bati: “Ubgami bgawe buze, ivyo ugomba bibe mw isi nk’uko biba mw ijuru.” (Matayo 6:10) Ivyabona vya Yehova barazi yuko Ubwami bw’Imana ari bwo bwonyene bushobora kuzana amahoro nyakuri kw isi. Kubera ko ari abihweza ubuhanuzi bwa Bibiliya bavyitondeye, baranyuzwe yuko iryo sengesho vuba rizokwishurwa, n’uko ubwo Bwami vuba bugiye kwifatira ibiraba isi. (Daniyeli 2:44) Ukwumira kwabo kuri ubwo Bwami bituma batagira aho bahengamiye mu vy’intwaro z’isi.

8. Intwaro zakira gute ubutegetsi bw’Ubwami bw’Imana, nk’uko vyabuwe muri Zaburi 2?

⁸ Amahanga amwamwe avuga ngo arubahiriza ingingo z’ivy’idini. Mugabo, mu bikorwa arirengagiza ivy’uko Yehova ari we Segaba wa Vyose n’uko yimitse Yezu ngo abe Umwami wo mw ijuru afise ubukuru bw’ukuganza isi. (Daniyeli 4:17; Ivyahishuriwe 11:15) Hari izaburi y’ivy’ubuhanuzi ivuga iti: “Abami bo mw isi baragomoye, n’abakuru bahūrije ingingo hamwe kurwanya [Yehova] n’Uwo yarobanuje amavuta [Yezu]; bati Ngo ducagagure imvuto bātubohesheje, dute kure ingoyi bādushizemwo.” (Zaburi 2:2, 3) Intwaro ntizemera na gato “imvuto” canke “ingoyi” z’Imana zoshingira akarimbi uburyo zikoresha ubwigabe ibihugu bifise. Ni co gituma Yehova abwira Yezu, Umwami yicaguriye, ati “Nsaba, nzoguha amahanga, az’abe umwandu wawe, n’impera z’isi zize zibe ishamvu yawe. Uzobavunaguza inkoni y’icuma, uzobamenagura nk’ibibumbano.” (Zaburi 2:8, 9) Ariko rero, isi y’abantu Yezu yapfiriye ‘ntizovunagurwa’ buhere.—Yohana 3:17.

Ukwirinda “Ikimenyetso” ca ya ‘Nyamaswa’

9, 10. (a) Tuburirwa ku biki mu gitabu c’Ivyahishuwe? (b) Ni igiki kigereranywa n’ukugira ‘ikimenyetso ca ya nyamaswa’? (c) Ni ibimenyetso biki abasuku b’Imana bemera?

⁹ Ivyo intumwa Yohani yahishuriwe vyabuye yuko isi y’abantu yonkowe ku Mana yosavye ibintu vyongerekana umuhero wayo usigaje gato, “[ika]gera ko bose, aboroshe n’abahambaye, n’abatunzi n’aboro, n’abidegemvya n’abagurano, bashirwakw ikimenyetso ku kiganza c’i buryo canke mu ruhanga: kandi ko hatagira umuntu yemererwa kugira ic’agura cank’ic’ashōra, atar’ūfise ico kimenyetso.” (Ivyahishuriwe 13:16, 17) Ivyo bisobanura iki? Ikimenyetso mu kuboko kw’ukuryo ni ikigereranyo kibereye c’ubushigikizi bushirukiwe ubute. Ca kimenyetso co mu ruhanga co? Igitabu The Expositor’s Greek Testament kivuga giti: “Ukwo gukikiriza kw’ikigereranyo guhambaye ni ukwo kuri kuri ka kamenyero ko gushira ku basoda n’abaja ikimenyetso c’injorogo zibonekeje cane canke ikibabo . . . ; cabure, bivuzwe neza kuruta, ni iyo kuri wa mugenzo w’ivy’idini w’ukwambara izina ry’imana runaka bwa giheko.” Abantu benshi, biciye ku bikorwa bakora no ku majambo bavuga, barambara ico kimenyetso mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, bakaba bishushanije n’ “abaja” canke “abasoda” b’iyo ‘nyamaswa.’ (Ivyahishuriwe 13:3, 4) Nayo ku vya kazoza kabo, igitabu Theological Dictionary of the New Testament kivuga giti: “Abansi b’Imana baremera ca [kimenyetso] c’inyamaswa, ca gitigiri c’amayoberane kirimwo izina ryayo, bikadomwa ku ruhanga rwabo no ku kiganza kimwe. Ivyo bibaha uturyo dukomakomeye two gutera imbere mu vy’ubutunzi n’ubudandaji, ariko bikabazana munsi y’uburake bw’Imana, vyongeye bikabakuramwo muri bwa bwami bw’imilenari, Ivyah. 13:16; 14:9; 20:4.”

¹⁰ Bisaba ubutinyutsi n’ukurindirako bitera birushiriza kugirango umuntu ananire agahato k’ukugira aronke ico “kimenyetso.” (Ivyahishuriwe 14:9-12) Ariko rero abasuku b’Imana barafise inkomezi mwen’izo, kandi kubera ico, kenshi barankwa kandi bakambikwa ibara. (Yohana 15:18-20; 17:14, 15) Aho kubako ikimenyetso c’iyo nyamaswa, Yesaya yavuze yuko bokwanditse ku kiganza cabo, mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo, ngo ‘Uwa Yehova.’ (Yesaya 44:5) Vyongeye, kubera ko ‘banihishwa kandi bakarizwa’ n’ibintu bishisha bikorwa n’idini yahunnye, bararonka ikimenyetso c’ikigereranyo ku ruhanga rwabo kibagenekereza ko bakwiriye kuzigurizwa igihe imanza za Yehova zizoshitswa.—Ezekiyeli 9:1-7.

11. Ni nde atanga uruhusha rw’uko intwaro z’abantu zitegeka gushika Ubwami bw’Imana buje gufata itegekwa ry’isi?

¹¹ Imana iretse intwaro z’abantu ngo zitegeke gushika igihe Ubwami bwo mw ijuru bwa Kirisitu bozofata muhenu itegekwa ry’iyi si. Ukwo kuba Imana itabuza reta za gipolitike kuravugwa na Porofeseri Oscar Cullmann mu gitabu ciwe The State in the New Testament (Reta mw Isezerano Risha). Yandika ati: “Iciyumviro kinyuranganye c’ivya kamere ‘maragihe’ ya Reta ni yo mpamvu ituma inyifato y’Abakirisu ba mbere ku biraba Reta itabaye iyirangwa n’ukudatera kubiri, ahubwo riho iboneka nk’iyirimwo ukwivuguruza. Ndashimitse, yuko iboneka ko iri ukwo. Dukwiye gusa kuvuga Abaroma 13:1, ngo ‘Umuntu wese ayobokere ububasha buriho . . . ,’ kumwe n’Ivyahishuriwe 13, ngo Reta ni yo ya nyamaswa iva mu gisumanyenzi.”

Ya ‘Nyamaswa’ na “Kayisari”

12. Ni ukubona ibintu ukuhe kuri ku burimbane Ivyabona vya Yehova bafise ku vy’intwaro z’abantu?

¹² Vyoba atari vyo dupfunditse ngo abantu bose bafise ubukuru bwo mu vy’intwaro ni ibikoresho vya Shetani. Benshi baritangiye igihinyuza c’uko ari abantu b’ingingo, nka ca cegera Serugiyo Paulo, uwudondorwa muri Bibiliya ko yari “umuntu w’ubgenge.” (Ivyakozwe 13:7) Hari abategetsi barindutse bakarwanirira uburenganzira bw’inkehwa, bakayoborwa n’ijwi ryo mu mutima bahawe n’Imana, naho nyene batari bazi Yehova n’intēgo ziwe. (Abaroma 2:14, 15) Ibuka, Bibiliya irakoresha ijambo “isi” mu buryo bubiri buhushanye: isi y’abantu, iyo Imana ikunda kandi dukwiye gukunda, n’isi igizwe n’abantu bonkowe kuri Yehova, iyo Shetani abereye imana, ari yo natwe dutegerezwa kuguma twikuyemwo. (Yohana 1:9, 10; 17:14; 2 Ab’i Korinto 4:4; Yakobo 4:4) Gutyo, abasuku ba Yehova baragira inyifato iri ku burimbane ku biraba ugutegeka kw’abantu. Ntitugira aho duhengamiye mu vya politike kuko dusukura bwa vyariho canke intumwa z’Ubwami bw’Imana, ubuzima bwacu na bwo bukaba bweguriwe Imana. (2 Ab’i Korinto 5:20) Ku rundi ruhande, turayobokera abari n’ubukuru tubishizeko umutima.

13. (a) Yehova abona gute intwaro z’abantu? (b) Umukirisu ayobokera intwaro z’abantu kugeza he?

¹³ Uwo mwihwezo uri ku burimbane ugaragaza ukuntu Yehova ubwiwe abona ibintu. Igihe intwaro nyabubasha ziganza isi, canke mbere Reta ntonto, bikoresheje nabi ubukuru bwavyo, bigakandamiza abantu bavyo, canke bigahama abasenga Imana, mu vy’ukuri baba bakwiriye ya ndondoro yo mu buhanuzi ibavuga ko ari inyamaswa zikaze. (Daniyeli 7:19-21; Ivyahishuriwe 11:7) Ariko rero, igihe intwaro z’ibihugu zikoze ibijanye n’intego y’Imana mu kuzigama amategeko n’urutonde mu butungane, ibabona ko ari ‘abasuku bayo bakorera abantu.’ (Abaroma 13:6) Yehova yiteze ko abantu biwe bubaha intwaro z’abantu kandi bakaziyobokera, ariko ukuyoboka kwabo si ukutagira imipaka. Igihe abantu basavye abasuku b’Imana ibintu bibuzwa n’itegeko ry’Imana, canke igihe babujije ibintu Imana isaba abasuku bayo kugira, bano bakurikira ya mpagararo yafatwa n’intumwa, ari yo y’iyi: ‘Dutegerezwa kwumvira Imana bwa mutegetsi kuruta abantu.’—Ivyakozwe 5:29.

14. Ukuyobokera intwaro z’abantu kw’Umukirisu kwasiguwe gute na Yezu? na Paulo?

¹⁴ Yezu yavuze yuko abamukurikira hogize ivyo bategerezwa kugirira intwaro n’ivyo bogiriye Imana, igihe yamenyesha ati: “Nuko rer’ivya Kayisari ni mubihe Kayisari, ivy’Imana mubihe Imana.” (Matayo 22:21) Intumwa Paulo yaranditse ahumekewe, ati “Umuntu wese n’agamburukire abamuganza: . . . Ariko ni wakora nabi, ugire ubgoba, kukw atambarira inkota ubusa, kukw ar’umukozi w’Imana, umuhōzi ashitsa uburake k’ūkora nabi. Ni co gituma ukwiye kugamburuka, atari kubgo kurakirwa gusa, ariko no kubg’ijwi ryo mu mutima. Ni co gituma kandi mutanga ikori.” (Abaroma 13:1, 4-6) Guhera mu kinjana ca mbere G.C. gushika ubu, Abakirisu bamye barinda kurimbura ibisabwa na Reta. Bamye bakeneye gushishoza bakaraba niba uguhuza n’ivyo bisabwa vyojana ku guhemuka mu vy’ugusenga kwabo canke niba ibisabwa mwen’ivyo vyoba bikwiriye, niba vyoba bikwiye gushitswa bishizweko umutima.

Abanyagihugu Babishizeko Umutima

15. Ni gute Ivyabona vya Yehova bariha Kayisari ivyo bamufitiye, babishizeko umutima?

¹⁵ “Abakuru ba rutura” (NW) bo mu vya politike ni “umukozi” w’Imana igihe bashitsa uruhara rwabo rwemewe n’Imana, ururimwo ubukuru bwo “guhana inkozi z’ibibi no gushima inkozi z’ivyiza.” (1 Petero 2:13, 14) Abasuku ba Yehova, barabishirako umutima bakariha Kayisari ivyo asaba akwiriye mu buryo bw’amakori, kandi bagashika aho ijwi ryabo ryo mu mutima ryamenyerejwe na Bibiliya ribarekurira gushika, mu kuba “[aba]gamburukira abakuru n’abafise ubushobozi, . . . no kwitegurira igikorwa ciza cose.” (Tito 3:1) “Igikorwa ciza” kirimwo ugufasha abandi, nk’igihe icago cadutse. Hari abenshi bashingiye intahe ubuntu bwerekanywe n’Ivyabona vya Yehova ku bantu nka bo bari muri iyo mimerere.—Ab’i Galatiya 6:10.

16. Ni ibikorwa vyiza ibihe Ivyabona vya Yehova barangurira intwaro n’abantu nka bo, bábishizeko umutima?

¹⁶ Ivyabona vya Yehova barakunda abantu nka bo kandi bakumva ko igikorwa ciza gihebuje bashobora kubakorera ari ukubafasha ngo bagere ku bumenyi nziragakosa bwerekeye intēgo Imana ifise y’ukuzana “ijuru risha n’isi nsha” bigororotse. (2 Petero 3:13) Mu kwigisha no mu gukwirikiza za ngingo zikirurutse za Bibiliya, babereye itunga ikibano c’abantu, bagakiza abenshi ukwigenza ukutariko. Abasuku ba Yehova ni abisunga amategeko kandi ni abubaha abashikirangaji b’intwaro, abategetsi, abacamanza, n’abakuru b’ibisagara, bagatera iteka ‘abasaba iteka.’ (Abaroma 13:7, NW) Ivyabona b’abavyeyi, n’urweze n’akantu barasenyera ku mugozi umwe n’abigisha b’ishure bigisha abana babo, kandi bagafasha abana babo kwiga neza, ku buryo mu nyuma abo bazoshobora kwibeshaho, ntibabere ikibano umuzigo. (1 Ab’i Tesalonike 4:11, 12) Mu makorane yabo, Ivyabona bararwanya umwikeko ufatiye ku rukoba hamwe n’ivy’ugutandukanya gufatiye ku bibanza, bakihatira cane ku gukomeza ubuzima bwo mu rugo. (Ivyakozwe 10:34, 35; Ab’i Kolosayi 3:18-21) Gutyo rero, biciye ku vyo bakora, barerekana ko ibirego vy’uko banka ingo canke ataco bafasha abantu atari vyo. Gutyo, aya majambo y’intumwa Petero aragaragara ko ari ay’ukuri: “Kukw ivy’Imana igomba ar’uk’ugukora neza kwanyu kuba agahomerabunwa ku bantu b’imburabgenge batagira ico bazi.”—1 Petero 2:15.

17. Ni gute Abakirisu bashobora gukomeza ‘kugenda nk’abanyabwenge ku bo hanze’?

¹⁷ Nuko naho abakurikira Kirisitu b’ukuri ‘atari ab’isi,’ baracari mw isi y’ikibano c’abantu kandi bategerezwa gukomeza ‘kugenda nk’abanyabwenge ku bo hanze.’ (Yohana 17:16; Ab’i Kolosayi 4:5) Bugingo Yehova akirekuye abakuru ba rutura ngo bakore nk’umukozi wiwe, tuzobubaha bibereye. (Abaroma 13:1-4) Mu gihe tuguma tutagira aho duhengamira mu vya politike, turasengera “abami n’abashizwe hejuru,” canecane igihe abo batewe akamo ngo bafate ingingo zoshobora kugira ico zikoze ku mwidegemvyo w’ugusenga. Tuzobandanya gukora ivyo “kugira ngo twame mu mahoro dutekereje, twubaha Imana tur’inyankamugayo,” kugirango ‘abantu b’uburyo bwose bazokizwe.’—1 Timoteyo 2:1-4.

[Akajambo k’epfo]

Ibibazo vy’Isuburamwo

◻ Abakirisu ni ab’ “isi” iyihe, ariko ni “isi” iyihe badashobora kuba abayo?

◻ “Ikimenyetso” ca ya nyamaswa ku kiganza canke ku ruhanga rw’umuntu kigereranya iki, kandi ni ibimenyetso biki abasuku bizerwa ba Yehova bafise?

◻ Ni ukubona ibintu ukuhe kuri ku burimbane Abakirisu b’ukuri bafise ku biraba intwaro z’abantu?

◻ Uburyo bumwebumwe Ivyabona vya Yehova bagira ico baterereye ku kumererwa neza kw’ikibano c’abantu ni ubuhe?

[Amafoto ku rup. 26]

Bibiliya ivuga ko intwaro z’abantu zigize kuba inyamaswa n’umukozi w’Imana

[Ifoto ku rup. 29]

Biturutse ku kwitwararika abandi kuranga urukundo, Ivyabona vya Yehova ni itunga ku bantu batuyemwo