Kirisitu arabwira amashengero

“Ūfashe inyenyeri indwi mu kuboko kw’i buryo, . . . aravuga ibi”.​—IVYAHISHURIWE 2:1.

1, 2. Ni kubera iki dukwiye kwitwararika ivyo Kirisitu yabwiye amashengero indwi yo muri Aziya Ntoya?

UMWANA w’ikenege wa Yehova, ari we Yezu Kirisitu, ni umutwe w’ishengero rya gikirisu. Kugira ngo Kirisitu atume ishengero ry’abayoboke biwe basizwe riguma ritagira umugayo, arakoresha ububemutwe bwiwe mu kubakeza no mu kubakosora (Abanyefeso 5:21-27). Hariho uburorero buvyerekana mu Vyahishuriwe ikigabane ca 2 n’ica 3, aho dusanga ubutumwa bukomeye kandi buranga urukundo Yezu yarungikiye amashengero indwi yo muri Aziya Ntoya.

² Imbere y’uko intumwa Yohani yumva amajambo Yezu yabwiye ya mashengero indwi, yareretswe “umusi w’Umukama” (Ivyahishuriwe 1:10, UB). Uwo “musi” watanguye igihe Ubwami bwa Mesiya bwashingwa mu 1914. Ivyo Kirisitu yabwiye amashengero birahambaye cane rero muri iyi misi y’iherezo. Indemesho be n’impanuro yatanze ziradufasha kwihanganira ibi bihe bigoye.​—2 Timoteyo 3:1-5.

3. “Inyenyeri”, “abamarayika” be n’“ibiterekwakw amatara vy’izahabu” intumwa Yohani yabonye, bifise insobanuro y’ikigereranyo iyihe?

³ Yohani yaritegereje Yezu Kirisitu yaninahajwe, “ūfashe inyenyeri indwi mu kuboko kw’i buryo” kandi akaba ‘agendera hagati y’ibiterekwako amatara indwi vy’izahabu’, ari vyo mashengero. “Inyenyeri” ni zo “bamarayika b’ayo mashengero ndwi” (Ivyahishuriwe 1:20; 2:1). Inyenyeri rimwe na rimwe zigereranya ibiremwa vy’impwemu vy’abamarayika, mugabo Kirisitu ntiyari gukoresha umuntu buntu kugira ngo yandike ubutumwa burungikirwa ibiremwa vy’impwemu. Ku bw’ivyo rero, birumvikana ko izo “nyenyeri” zigereranya abacungezi basizwe impwemu, canke inama z’abakurambere. Imvugo ngo “abamarayika” ihuye n’uruhara bafise rwo kuba intwarabutumwa. Kubera yuko ishirahamwe ry’Imana ryagutse, “wa mubgiriza wo kwizigirwa” yaragenye kandi abagabo bakwije ibisabwa bo mu “zindi ntama” za Yezu ngo babe abacungezi.​—Luka 12:42-44; Yohana 10:16.

4. Abakurambere bungukira gute ku gutega yompi ivyo Kirisitu abwira amashengero?

⁴ “Inyenyeri” ziri mu kuboko kw’iburyo kwa Yezu, ni ukuvuga ko ari we azifiseko ububasha, azikontorora, azitonesha akongera akazikingira. Gutyo rero, zirafise ico zibazwa kuri we. Abakurambere bo mu gihe ca none bumviye amajambo abwira rimwerimwe ryose muri ayo mashengero indwi, barabona ukuntu bashobora gutunganya ibintu bimeze nk’ivyo. Mugabo ntiwumve, abakirisu bose barakeneye kwumviriza Umwana w’Imana (Mariko 9:7). None, duteze yompi igihe Kirisitu abwira amashengero, ni igiki twohigira?

Ku mumarayika w’i Efeso

5. Efeso cari igisagara kimeze gute?

⁵ Yezu yarakeje yongera arakangira ishengero ry’i Efeso (Soma Ivyahishuriwe 2:1-7.). Urusengero amahero rw’ikimanakazi Arutemi rwari ruri muri ico kibanza gikuru gisagamvye mu vy’ubudandaji no mu vy’idini cari ku nkengera yo mu burengero bwa Aziya Ntoya. Naho Efeso yari yuzuyemwo ubushegabo, idini y’ikinyoma be n’ivyo gukoresha amareba, Imana yarahezagiye ubusuku intumwa Paulo be n’abandi baranguriye muri ico gisagara.​—Ivyakozwe, ikigabane ca 19.

6. Ni mu buhe buryo abakirisu b’intahemuka bo muri iki gihe bameze nk’abo muri Efeso ya kera?

⁶ Kirisitu yakeje ishengero ry’i Efeso avuga ati: “Ndazi ibikorwa vyawe n’ubutame bgawe n’ukwihangana, kandi yuk’udashobora kwirengagiza ababi, ariko wagenzuye abiyita intumwa kand’atari zo, usanga n’abanyabinyoma”. Muri iki gihe, amashengero y’abayoboke nyakuri ba Yezu aravugwa neza mu buryo nk’ubwo kubera ibikorwa vyiza vyayo, ugukora cane be n’ukwihangana kwayo. Ntiyihanganira abigira abavukanyi bashaka kubonwa ko ari intumwa (2 Ab’i Korinto 11:13, 26). Cokimwe n’Abanyefeso, abakirisu b’intahemuka muri iki gihe ‘ntibashobora kwirengagiza ababi’. Kugira ngo ugusenga Yehova kugume gutyoroye bongere bakingire ishengero, ntibifatanya rero n’abahakanyi b’intigaya.​—Ab’i Galatiya 2:4, 5; 2 Yohana 8-11.

7, 8. Ni ingorane ikomeye iyihe yari mw’ishengero ry’i Efeso, kandi twokwifata gute mu ngorane nk’iyo?

⁷ Yamara, abakirisu bo muri Efeso bari bafise ingorane ikomeye. Yezu yavuze ati: “Mfise ico nkugayako, yuko waretse urukundo rwawe rwa mbere”. Abari bagize iryo shengero bari bakeneye kuvyura urukundo rwabo rwa mbere bakunda Yehova (Mariko 12:28-30; Abanyefeso 2:4; 5:1, 2). Na twebwe ubwacu dutegerezwa kwirinda gutakaza rwa rukundo rwacu rwa mbere twakunda Imana (3 Yohana 3). Mugabo tuvuge iki hamwe nk’icipfuzo co kugira amatungo y’ivy’umubiri canke ugukurikira ibihimbaro vyoba biriko birafata ikibanza ca mbere mu buzima bwacu (1 Timoteyo 4:8; 6:9, 10)? Muri ico gihe, dukwiye gusengana ubwira dusaba Imana ngo idufashe gusubiriza mwene izo mpengamiro ugukunda Yehova gushinze imizi be n’ugukenguruka ibintu vyose we n’Umwana wiwe batugiriye.​—1 Yohana 4:10, 16.

⁸ Kirisitu yahimirije Abanyefeso ati: “Ni wibuke aho wavuye ukagwa; wi[gay]e, ukore ibikorwa nk’ivya mbere”. Baramutse batabigize vyari kubagendera gute? Yezu yavuze ati: “N’utagira urtyo, nzoza kuri wewe nkūre igiterekwakw itara cawe ahantu haco”. Intama zose iyo zitakaza urukundo rwazo rwa mbere, “igiterekwakw itara”, ari ryo shengero, nticari gusubira kubaho. Bwa bakirisu b’abanyamwete, nimuze rero dukore cane kugira ngo ishengero rigume rikayangana mu buryo bw’impwemu.​—Matayo 5:14-16.

9. Dukwiye kubona gute ivy’ukwicamwo utudumbi?

⁹ Birashimishije kubona Abanyefeso baranse “ibikorwa vy’[akadumbi k’]Abanikolayiti”. Uretse ibivugwa mu Vyahishuriwe, nta kintu na kimwe gitomoye kizwi ku vyerekeye inkomoko, inyigisho be n’imigenzo y’ako kadumbi. Ariko rero, kubera yuko Yezu yiyamirije ugukurikira abantu, turakeneye kuguma twanka ivy’ukwicamwo utudumbi, nk’uko abakirisu bo muri Efeso babigize.​—Matayo 23:10.

10. Ni ibiki abumva ivyo impwemu ivuga bazokwironkera?

¹⁰ ‘Uwuri n’ugutwi, niyumve ico impwemu ibwira amashengero’, ukwo ni ko Kirisitu yavuze. Igihe Yezu yari kw’isi, yavuga ayobowe n’impwemu y’Imana (Yesaya 61:1; Luka 4:16-21). Ku bw’ivyo, dukwiye gutega yompi ivyo Imana ivuga muri iki gihe ibicishije kuri we, ikoresheje impwemu yera. Yezu ayobowe n’impwemu yera, yasezeranye ati: “Ūnesha, nzomuha kurya ku vyamye ku giti c’ubu[zima] kiri muri Paradiso y’Imana”. Ku basizwe bumvira ivyo impwemu ivuga, ivyo bisigura kugira ubuzima budahwera mw’‘iparadizo y’Imana’ yo mw’ijuru, ni ukuvuga aho nyene Yehova yibera. “Ishengero ryinshi” bumva ivyo impwemu ivuga bazokwinovora ubuzima mw’iparadizo yo ngaha kw’isi, aho bazonywa ku ‘ruzi rw’amazi y’ubuzima’ bakongera bakavurwa n’‘ibibabi vy’ibiti’ biri ku nkengera yarwo.​—Ivyahishuriwe 7:9; 22:1, 2; Luka 23:43.

11. Twoshobora gute kuremesha ugukunda Yehova?

¹¹ Abanyefeso bari baratakaje urukundo rwabo rwa mbere, ariko none tuvuge iki hamwe ikintu nk’ico coba kiriko gitsimbatara mw’ishengero muri iki gihe? Nimuze umwe wese aremeshe ugukunda Yehova mu kuyaga inzira ziwe ziranga urukundo. Turashobora kugaragaza ukuntu dukenguruka urukundo Imana yatweretse mu gutanga incungu biciye ku Mwana wayo yakunda cane (Yohana 3:16; Abaroma 5:8). Igihe bibereye, turashobora gucishamwo urukundo rw’Imana mu nsasanuro be no mu bihimba vya porogarama ku makoraniro. Turashobora kwerekana urukundo twebwe ubwacu dukunda Yehova mu gushemeza izina ryiwe mu busuku bwa gikirisu (Zaburi 145:10-13). Egome, ivyo tuvuga n’ivyo dukora vyoshobora kugira ikintu kinini biterereye mu kuvyura canke mu gukomeza urukundo rwa mbere ishengero ryari rifise.

Ku mumarayika w’i Simuruna

12. Kahise gahishura iki ku biraba Simuruna be n’imico y’ivy’idini yaho?

¹² Ishengero ry’i Simuruna ryarakejwe na Kirisitu, ‘uwa mbere akaba n’uw’iherezo, uwari yarapfuye maze agasubira kuba muzima’ biciye kw’izuka (Soma Ivyahishuriwe 2:8-11.). Simuruna (ubu hakaba ari Izmir, muri Turukiya) hari hubatswe ku nkengera yo mu Burengero bwa Aziya Ntoya. Abagiriki bari baragerereye muri ico gisagara, mugabo Abanyaludiya baragisanganguye nko mu 580 B.G.C. Abasubiriye Alegizandere Mukuru barongeye kwubaka Simuruna mu kindi kibanza. Caciye cegukira intara y’Uburoma iri muri Aziya kandi cari ikibanza gikuru gisagamvye mu vy’ubudandaji kizwi kubera amazu y’aho mezameza ahurirwamwo n’abantu benshi. Urusengero rw’aho rwitiriwe Kayisari Tiberiyo rwatumye haba ihuriro ry’ugusenga umwami w’abami. Abahasengera bategerezwa kwosa agafu k’umubavu hanyuma bakavuga bati: “Kayisari ni Umukama”. Abakirisu ntibashobora kubijamwo kubera ko kuri bo ‘Yezu ari we yari Umukama’. Ku bw’ivyo, barashikiwe n’amarushwa.​—Abaroma 10:9.

13. Naho abakirisu b’i Simuruna bari bakenye mu vy’umubiri, ni mu buhe buryo bari abatunzi?

¹³ Uretse amarushwa, abakirisu b’i Simuruna bari mu bukene, kumbure bakaba bari barafatiwe ibihano mu vy’ubutunzi kubera bataja mu vyo gusenga umwami w’abami. Abasavyi ba Yehova bo muri iki gihe ntibatewe urucanco rubakingira ibigeragezo bisa n’ivyo (Ivyahishuriwe 13:16, 17). Naho bakenye mu vy’umubiri, abameze nk’abakirisu b’i Simuruna baratunze mu vy’impwemu, kandi ico ni co mu vy’ukuri gihambaye!​—Imigani 10:22; 3 Yohana 2.

14, 15. Ni impumurizo iyihe abasizwe bashobora gukura mu Vyahishuriwe 2:10?

¹⁴ Abayuda benshi b’i Simuruna bari “isinagogi ya Satani” kubera yuko bubahiriza imigenzo idahuye n’Ivyanditswe, biyamirije Umwana w’Imana bakongera bakavuga nabi abayoboke biwe bavyawe n’impwemu (Abaroma 2:28, 29). Ariko, ese ukuntu hari impumurizo abasizwe bashobora gukura ku majambo akurikira ya Kirisitu! Avuga ati: “Ntutinye ivy’ugira ubabazwe. Eh’uwo Murwanizi agira ashire bamwe muri mwebge mw ibohero kugira ngo mugeragezwe, kandi muzogira amarushwa imisi cumi. Wame uyoboka gushitsa ku gupfa, nanje nzoguha igitsibo c’ubu[zima]”.​—Ivyahishuriwe 2:10.

¹⁵ Yezu ntiyatinya gupfa azira ugushigikira ubusegaba bwa Yehova (Ab’i Filipi 2:5-8). Naho ubu Shetani ariko ateza intambara amasigarira y’abasizwe, ntibatinya ibintu bategerezwa kubabazwa uko bagize umugwi, ivyo na vyo bikaba ari amarushwa, ugupfungwa canke ukwicwa bunyamaswa (Ivyahishuriwe 12:17). Bazonesha isi. Kandi aho gusezeranira abasizwe bazutse igitsibo c’urugori rw’amashurwe akabirana gihabwa abatahukana intsinzi mu nkino z’igipagani, Kirisitu abasezeranira ‘igitsibo c’ubuzima’ ari ibiremwa bidahwera mw’ijuru. Ese ukuntu ari ingabirano y’agaciro kanini!

16. Nimba twifatanije n’ishengero rimeze nka rimwe ry’i Simuruna ha kera, dukwiye kwitwararika ikihe kibazo?

¹⁶ Icizigiro cacu caba ico mw’ijuru canke kw’isi, tuvuge iki none nimba twifatanije n’ishengero rimeze nka rimwe ry’i Simuruna ha kera? Muri ico gihe, nimuze rero dufashe abo dusangiye ukwizera kwitwararika imvo nyamukuru ituma Imana ireka hakaba uguhamwa, iyo na yo ikaba ijanye na ca kibazo cerekeye uwukwiye kuba segaba w’ijuru n’isi. Icabona ca Yehova wese aguma ari intadohoka, aragaragaza ko Shetani ari umubeshi kandi akerekana yuko n’umuntu ahamwa, ashobora kuba uwushigikira atanyiganyiga uburenganzira Imana ifise bwo gutegeka ari Segaba w’ijuru n’isi (Imigani 27:11). Nimuze turemeshe abandi bakirisu kwihanganira uruhamo, maze bitume baguma bafise ‘agateka ko gusenga Yehova ata bwoba, ari abera bagororoka mu nyonga ziwe imisi yabo yose’, mbere gushitsa n’ibihe bidahera.​—Luka 1:68, 69, 74, 75.

Ku mumarayika w’i Perugamo

17, 18. Perugamo cari ikibanza gikuru c’ugusenga kumeze gute, kandi ukwanka kuja mu gusenga ibigirwamana nk’ukwo vyari gutuma haba iki?

¹⁷ Ishengero ry’i Perugamo ryarakejwe ryongera rirakosorwa (Soma Ivyahishuriwe 2:12-17.). Perugamo, hakaba hari nko ku birometero 80 uvuye mu Buraruko bw’i Simuruna, cari igisagara cari caranyengeterewemwo n’idini y’abapagani. Bisa n’uko abamajusi (abaragurishanyenyeri) b’Abakaludaya bari barahungiye muri ico gisagara bavuye i Babiloni. Abantu barwaye barasegenyuka baja ku rusengero rwa Asiklepiyosi rwari ruzwi cane rw’i Perugamo, Asiklepiyosi ikaba yari imana y’ikinyoma y’ugukiza n’iy’ubuvuzi. I Perugamo hiswe “ikibanza nyamukuru c’ugusengeramwo umwami w’abami mu gihe c’inganji nganzabami ya mbere”, kubera igisengero caho cari cahebewe ugusenga Kayisari Augusito.​—Encyclopædia Britannica, 1959, Imbumbe ya 17, urupapuro rwa 507.

¹⁸ I Perugamo hari igicaniro ceguriwe imana Zeyu. Ico gisagara kandi cari icicaro gikuru c’ugusenga abantu guturuka kuri Shetani. Ntibitangaje kubona ishengero ryaho rivugwa ko ryari “aho intebe ya Shetani” iri (UB)! Kwanka gusenga umwami w’abami vyari gutuma umuntu ashigikira ubusegaba bwa Yehova yicwa. Isi iracari mu bubasha bwa Shetani, kandi ibimenyetso biranga igihugu ubu birasengwa (1 Yohana 5:19). Kuva mu kinjana ca mbere gushika muri iki gihe, abakirisu b’abizerwa benshi barishwe bumaratiri, nk’uko vyagendeye umwe Kirisitu yita “Antipa, icabona canje, n’umugororotsi wanje, yiciwe i wanyu”. Yehova Imana be na Yezu Kirisitu ntibabura kwibuka abasavyi b’intahemuka nk’abo.​—1 Yohana 5:21.

19. Ni ibiki Balamu yakoze, kandi abakirisu bose bategerezwa kwirinda iki?

¹⁹ Kirisitu yaravuze kandi ivyerekeye “inyigisho [y]a Balamu”. Kubera ko umuhanuzi w’ikinyoma Balamu yari afise umwina w’amaronko, yaragerageje kuvuma Isirayeli. Igihe Imana yahindura umuvumo wiwe umuhezagiro, Balamu yaciye akorana n’umwami w’i Mowabu ari we Balaki, maze akwegera Abisirayeli benshi mu gusenga ibigirwamana no mu bushegabo. Abakurambere bakirisu barakeneye gushikama ku bigororotse nka kumwe kwa Finehasi, uwarwanije ibikorwa vya Balamu (Guharūra 22:1–25:15; 2 Petero 2:15, 16; Yuda 11). Kukaba nkako, abakirisu bose bategerezwa kuba maso ngo ntibasenge ibigirwamana no kuba maso ngo ubushegabo ntibwinjire mw’ishengero.​—Yuda 3, 4.

20. Niba hari umukirisu n’umwe atanguye kugira ivyiyumviro vy’abahakanyi, ni igiki akwiye gukora?

²⁰ Ishengero ry’i Perugamo ryari rigeze ahanyerera kubera yuko ryarekera muri ryo “abakomeza inyigisho [y’akadumbi k’]Abanikolayiti”. Kirisitu yabwiye iryo shengero ati: “Ni wi[gay]e: n’uti[gay]a nzoza kuri wewe vuba, kand’abo nzobarwanya, mbakubite inkota yo mu kanwa kanje.” Abaremesha utudumbi bashaka kugirira nabi abakirisu mu vy’impwemu. Vyongeye abo bose bafise impengamiro yo gutsimbataza amacakubiri n’ukwirema ibice, ntibazoragwa Ubwami bw’Imana (Abaroma 16:17, 18; 1 Ab’i Korinto 1:10; Ab’i Galatiya 5:19-21). Niba hari umukirisu n’umwe atanguye kugira ivyiyumviro vy’abahakanyi agashaka no kubikwiragiza, vyoba vyiza yumvirije imburizi ya Kirisitu! Kugira ngo ntashikirwe n’ivyago, akwiye kwigaya kandi akarondera imfashanyo yo mu vy’impwemu itangwa n’abakurambere mw’ishengero (Yakobo 5:13-18). Birahambaye cane ko agira ico akora adatebaganye, kubera yuko Yezu ariko araza yihuta kugira ngo ashitse urubanza.

21, 22. Ni bande bafungura kuri “manu yanyegejwe”, kandi ivyo bigereranya iki?

²¹ Abakirisu basizwe b’abizerwa na bagenzi babo b’intahemuka ntibakwiye gutinya urubanza rwegereje. Imihezagiro irarindiriye abo bose bumvira impanuro Yezu yatanze biciye ku buyobozi bw’impwemu yera y’Imana. Nk’akarorero, abasizwe banesha isi bazotumirwa gufungura kuri “manu yanyegejwe” kandi bazohabwa “ibuye ryera” ryanditseko “izina risha”.

²² Imana yaratanze manu kugira ngo ibesheho Abisirayeli mu gihe ca rwa rugendo bamaramwo imyaka 40 baca mu bugaragwa. Imwimwe muri iyo “mitsima” yarabitswe mu rwavya rw’inzahabu mw’isandugu y’isezerano, gutyo rero ikaba yari inyegejwe Ahera Cane mw’ihema, aho umuco w’igitangaro wama uhari wagereranya ukuhaba kwa Yehova (Kuvayo 16:14, 15, 23, 26, 33; 26:34; Abaheburayo 9:3, 4). Nta n’umwe yari yemerewe gufungura kuri iyo manu yanyegejwe. Ariko rero, abayoboke ba Yezu basizwe bamaze kuzuka, baca bambara ukudahwera, kukaba kugereranywa no gufungura kuri “manu yanyegejwe”.​—1 Ab’i Korinto 15:53-57.

23. “Ibuye ryera” be n’“izina risha” bisobanura iki?

²³ Ibuye ryirabura ryasigura gukubitwa intahe mu gahanga mu masentare y’Abaroma mu gihe iryera ryo ryasigura ukwambikwa izera. Kuba Yezu aha “ibuye ryera” abakirisu basizwe batahukanye intsinzi vyerekana ko abona yuko ata kibagira, batyoroye kandi badahumanye. Kubera yuko Abaroma bakoresha kandi utubuye kugira ngo umuntu aronke uburenganzira bwo kuja mu birori bihambaye, “ibuye ryera” rishobora kwerekana yuko uwasizwe yemererwa kuronka ikibanza mw’ijuru ku bugeni bwa wa Mwagazi w’intama (Ivyahishuriwe 19:7-9). “Izina risha” biboneka ko risigura agateka ko kwiyunga hamwe na Yezu bwa muragwa w’Ubwami bwo mw’ijuru. Ese ukuntu ivyo vyose biremesha abasizwe be n’abo bafatanije mu murimo wa Yehova bafise icizigiro co kuba kw’isi izoba yabaye iparadizo!

24. Dukwiye kugira impagararo iyihe ku bijanye n’ubuhakanyi?

²⁴ Ni vyiza ko twibuka yuko ishengero ry’i Perugamo ryari rigeramiwe n’abahakanyi. Nimba ikintu nk’ico gihanamiye ukumererwa neza mu vy’impwemu kw’ishengero turimwo, nimuze twamirire kure ubuhakanyi hanyuma tubandanye kugendera mu kuri (Yohana 8:32, 44; 3 Yohana 4). Kubera yuko abigisha b’ikinyoma canke abantu bahengamiye ku buhakanyi bashobora kwonona ishengero ryose, dutegerezwa kuguma duhagaze dushikamye, tukirinda ubuhakanyi, ntitwigere tureka ngo ivyiyumviro bijijura vy’ububisha bitubuze kugamburuka ukuri.​—Ab’i Galatiya 5:7-12; 2 Yohana 8-11.

25. Mu kiganiro gikurikira, tuganira ku butumwa Kirisitu yarungikiye amashengero ayahe?

²⁵ Ese ukuntu amajambo y’ugukeza kandi arimwo impanuro Yezu Kirisitu yaninahajwe yabwiye ya mashengero atatu twarimbura muri amwe indwi yo muri Aziya Ntoya akabura ivyiyumviro! Ariko rero, kubera ko ayoborwa n’impwemu yera, arafise kandi vyinshi abwira ya mashengero ane asigaye. Ubwo butumwa, ubwarungikiwe Tuwatira, Sarudi, Filadelufiya na Lawodikiya, buraganirwako mu kiganiro gikurikira.

Wokwishura gute?

• Ni kubera iki dukwiye gutega yompi ivyo Kirisitu abwira amashengero?

• Twofasha gute mu kuvyura urukundo rwa mbere ishengero ryari rifise?

• Ni kubera iki twovuga yuko naho abakirisu b’i Simuruna ha kera bari bakenye mu buryo bw’umubiri, mu vy’ukuri bari batunze?

• Tuzirikanye ku bintu vyari mw’ishengero ry’i Perugamo, dukwiye kubona gute ivyiyumviro vy’abahakanyi?

[Ikarata ku rup. 10]

(Ushaka igisomwa cose, raba ico gitabu)

UBUGIRIKI

AZIYA NTOYA

Efeso

Simuruna

Perugamo

Tuwatira

Sarudi

Filadelufiya

Lawodikiya

[Ifoto ku rup. 12]

“Ishengero ryinshi” rizokwinovora iparadizo yo ngaha kw’isi

[Amafoto ku rup. 13]

Abakirisu bahamwe baranesha isi