Ernst Glück akora igikorwa amahero

HARACIYE imyaka irenga 300, Ernst Glück akoze igikorwa wasanga abantu bakeyi muri kahise ari bo barinduka gukora. Yigiriye inama yo guhindura Bibiliya mu rurimi atari azi.

Glück yavutse nko mu 1654, avukira mu gasagara kitwa Wettin, hafi y’i Halle mu Budagi. Se wiwe yari umupasitori wo mw’idini ry’abaluteri, kandi kuba mu rugo rwabo barakunda ivy’Imana vyatumye Ernest ashimishwa no kwiga ivyerekeye Imana akiri muto. Yarangirije ivyigwa vyiwe vya tewolojiya aho mu Budagi afise imyaka 21, maze aca aja kuba mu gihugu ubu citwa Letoniya. Ico gihe, abantu benshi bo muri ico gihugu ntibari baraciye ku ntebe y’ishure, kandi ibitabu bikeyi ni vyo vyaboneka mu rurimi rwabo. Glück yanditse ati: “Igihe nashika muri ico gihugu nkiri umuyabaga, ikintu ca mbere nasanze kitagenda neza ni uko idini ryaho ritari rifise Bibiliya. . . . Ivyo vyaciye bituma niyemeza imbere y’Imana kwiga urwo rurimi no kurunonosora neza”. Yiyemeje kuronsa Abanyaletoniya Bibiliya iri mu rurimi rwabo.

Yitegurira guhindura nya Bibiliya

Akarere Glück yagerereyemwo kari kacitwa Livoniya, kakaba katwarwa na Suwede. Uwitwa Johannes Fisher ni we yaserukira umwami wa Suwede muri ico gihugu. Yari umuntu ashashaye guteza imbere ivy’inyigisho muri ico gihugu no kwironderera amahera. Glück yaravuganye na Fischer ibijanye no guhindura Bibiliya mu kinyaletoniya. Fisher yari afise icapuriro ku mugwa mukuru i Riga. Biciye kw’icapurwa ry’iyo Bibiliya y’ikinyaletoniya, Fisher yoshoboye guteza imbere ca gikorwa ciwe kijanye n’ivy’inyigisho, muri ico gihe nyene akizigira ko yoshoboye kubikuramwo umutamiro. Fisher yarasavye Umwami Karori wa 11 wa Suwede gutanga uburenganzira bwo guhindura iyo Bibiliya. Uwo mwami yaratanze nya burenganzira yongera aremera gushigikira ico gikorwa mu vy’amahera. Urwandiko rwateweko umukono n’uwo mwami ku wa 31 Myandagaro 1681 rwaratanze uburenganzira bwerekana ko ico gikorwa co guhindura iyo Bibiliya gitanguye.

Muri ico gihe nyene, Glück yari arembeje imyiteguro yiwe. Kubera ko yari yakuriye mu Budagi, Bibiliya yahinduwe na Martin Luther ishobora kuba ari yo yisunze mu guhindura iyo Bibiliya y’ikinyaletoniya. Ariko Glück yipfuza gusohora Bibiliya nziza ishoboka kuruta izindi zose, akaba ari co gituma yabona ko vyasaba yuko ayihindura afatiye ku giheburayo no ku kigiriki vyo mu ntango. Ubumenyi Glück yari afise muri izo ndimi Bibiliya yanditswemwo ntibwari buhagije. Ni co gituma yaciye aja i Hamburg mu Budagi kwiga igiheburayo n’ikigiriki. Igihe yari aho i Hamburg, birashoboka ko umukuru umwe w’idini w’Umunyalivoniya yitwa Jānis Reiters yamufashije mu bijanye n’ururimi rw’ikinyaletoniya be n’ikigiriki Bibiliya yanditswemwo.

Imyaka iyo Bibiliya yamaze ihindurwa be n’iyo yamaze itarasohorwa

Aho Glück arangije kwiga izo ndimi mu 1680, yaciye asubira muri Letoniya hanyuma aba umupasitori. Ntiyatevye gutangura igikorwa ciwe co guhindura nya Bibiliya. Mu 1683, Glück yararungitswe kurangurira ibanga ryiwe ry’ubupasitori mw’iparuwasi nini y’i Alūksne, iyo na yo ikaba yahavuye yitirirwa ico gikorwa co guhindura.

Igihe yariko arahindura iyo Bibiliya, hari amajambo atari make be n’imvugo nyinshi Bibiliya ikoresha bitaboneka muri urwo rurimi rw’ikinyaletoniya. Ni co gituma Glück yakoresheje amajambo amwamwe y’ikidagi. Ariko nta ko atagize kugira ngo Ijambo ry’Imana arihindure akoresheje amajambo y’ikinyaletoniya, kandi abahinga baremera yuko impinduro yiwe yatunganijwe neza. Glück yaratanguje amajambo mashasha muri urwo rurimi rw’ikinyaletoniya, kandi ayatari make n’ubu aracakoreshwa cane. Muri ayo majambo harimwo imvugo z’ikinyaletoniya zikoreshwa umuntu agomba kuvuga “akarorero”, “amazimano”, “ikintu amahero”, “gutata ahantu” be no “kwemeza ikintu”.

Johannes Fischer yaguma amenyesha umwami wa Suwede ukuntu igikorwa co guhindura iyo Bibiliya kiriko kiratera imbere, kandi amakuru bahanahanye yerekana yuko nko mu 1683, Glück yari amaze guhindura Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki vya gikirisu. Bibiliya yose yayihejeje nko mu 1689, gutyo nko mu myaka umunani gusa aba ararangije ca gikorwa amaheroa. Iyo Bibiliya y’ikinyaletoniya yaramaze igihe kirekire itarasohorwa, yamara mu 1694 ni ho Glück yaza yashika ku ntumbero yiwe. Leta yahavuye itanga uburenganzira bw’uko, abanyagihugu bagashobora kuyironsa.

Abatohozakahise bamwebamwe basa n’abatemeye ko ibikorwa vyose bijanye no guhindura iyo Bibiliya vyakozwe na Glück ubwiwe. Ata gukeka, yarifashishije Bibiliya yahinduwe na Luther yongera arashira mu gisomwa ciwe ibice vya Bibiliya vyari bisanzwe biboneka mu kinyaletoniya, mugabo abanje kubiryohora. Ariko rero, ivyo bice usanga bigize agace gatoyi cane k’iyo Bibiliya yahinduye. Hoba hari abandi bahinduzi bagize uruhara muri ico gikorwa? Mu gihe Glück yariko ahindura iyo Bibiliya, yari afise uwumufasha, kandi hari n’abandi bamufashije mu bijanye no gusuzuma igisomwa cayo be no gusuzuma ko cahinduwe neza. Ariko, biboneka ko abo bantu batarimwo mu guhindura igisomwa ubwaco. Ni co gituma bishoboka rwose ko Glück ari we ubwiwe yayihinduye.

Impinduro ya Glück yarabaye ikintu c’intibagirwa mu vyo guteza imbere inyandiko y’ururimi rw’ikinyaletoniya, ariko hari n’ikindi kintu gihambaye kuruta iyo mpinduro yatumye gishikwako. Emwe, Abanyaletoniya baza bashobora gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana mu rurimi bonse, maze bagashobora kwironsa inyigisho zo muri ryo zitanga ubuzima! Baracibuka ico Ernst Glück yabamariye. Haraciye imyaka irenga 300, abantu b’i Alūksne bitwararika ibiti bibiri bininibinini bimeze nk’amasederi bataziriye ngo Glika ozoli, bisobanura ngo ibiti vya Glück. Glück yateye ivyo biti kugira ngo bibe icibutso c’iyo Bibiliya y’ikinyaletoniya. I Alūksne hariho iratiro ritoyi ry’ivya kera ririmwo impinduro za Bibiliya zitandukanye, muri izo hakaba harimwo Bibiliya yahinduwe na Glück yo mu zacapuwe ubwa mbere. Vyongeye, ikimenyetso kiranga igisagara c’i Alūksne usanga kiriko iyo Bibiliya hamwe n’umwaka wa 1689, uwo akaba ari wa mwaka Glück yarangirizako igikorwa ciwe.

Ikindi gikorwa yakoze mu nyuma

Gatoyi inyuma y’aho Glück ashikiye muri Letoniya, yaratanguye kwiga ikirusiya. Mu 1699, yaranditse avuga ko yariko arashitsa ikindi cipfuzo yari afise co guhindura Bibiliya muri urwo rurimi. Mw’ikete ryo mu 1702, yanditse ko yari amaze gutangura gusubiramwo ya Bibiliya y’ikinyaletoniya. Ariko ibintu vyafasha mu guhindura Bibiliya vyariko biraherengetera. Inyuma y’imyaka myinshi igihugu ca Letoniya camaze kirangwamwo amahoro, cahavuye kirangwamwo intambara. Mu 1702 ingabo z’Abarusiya zaratsinze Suwede maze ziba ari zo zisigara zigenzura i Alūksne. Glück be n’umuryango wiwe baciye bajanwa mu Burusiyab. Muri vyo bihe vyarangwamwo umudurumbanyo, Glück yaratakaje imizingo ya Bibiliya y’ikinyaletoniya yari aherutse gusohora be n’iyo mu kirusiya. Yapfiriye i Moscou mu 1705.

Rwabaye uruhombo rukomeye kubona Bibiliya ya vuba yo mu kinyaletoniya be n’iyo mu kirusiya zigenda amazimayongo. Mugabo muri iki gihe, umuntu wese asoma Bibiliya yo mu kinyaletoniya, abikesha impinduro yo mu ntango ya Glück.

Ernst Glück ni umwe mu bantu benshi bakoze igikorwa amahero co guhindura Bibiliya mu ndimi kavukire. Ivyo vyatumye hafi nk’abantu bo mu ndimi zose kw’isi bashobora gusoma Ijambo ry’Imana, gutyo bakironsa amazi yaryo y’igiciro yerekeye ukuri. Vy’ukuri, Yehova arabandanya kwimenyekanisha mu bantu bo mu mihingo yose biciye ku mpinduro za Bibiliya zo mu ndimi zirenga 2.000.

[Utujambo tw’epfo]

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Iyi ni ya Bibiliya yahindurwa na Glück

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Aba ni Ivyabona vya Yehova bariko barigisha Bibiliya muri ca gisagara Glück yayihinduriramwo