Birmaniya

BIRMANIYA ni igihugu cibereye hagati ya vya bihugu amahero vyo muri Aziya ari vyo Ubuhindi n’Ubushinwa, kikaba kirimwo ibintu bitandukanye biryoheye ijisho.a Igisagara ca Rangoun, kino kikaba ari co gisagara kinini kuruta ibindi, kirimwo inyubakwa zigizwe n’amagorofa menshi, amamangazini usanga arimwo abantu benshi be n’amabarabara arimwo uruja n’uruza. Ariko hirya y’ico gisagara ca Rangoun hari ibigwati birimwo imbogo zikoreshwa mu kurima, abantu baho na bo babonye abanyamahanga barabatangarira, ubuzima na bwo burasanzwe kandi buratekanye.

Birmaniya iratwibutsa ukuntu Aziya yari imeze aho hambere. Muri ico gihugu, amabisi yaheze agenda aricekangura mu mabarabara arimwo ibinogo, akagenda ararengana impfizi z’inka ziriko zikwega udukogote turimwo ivyimburano bishowe be n’abungere baragiye ubusho bwabo. Abagabo benshi bo muri Birmaniya baracambara impuzu za kera bakenyera zitwa lungi. Abagore mu kwishariza mu maso bisiga ibintu bimeze nk’igicumbe vyitwa thanaka biva mu gishishwa c’igiti. Abantu barakunda cane ivy’idini. Ababuda b’abanyeshaka barubaha cane abagabo baba mu bigo vy’abihebeye Imana (abamonaki) kurusha uko bubaha ba rurangiranwa, kandi buri musi barasiga inzahabu ibishusho bisayangana vya Buda bwa kimazi.

Abanyabirmaniya bafise umutima mwiza, baritwararikana kandi barakunda kubaza. Muri ico gihugu hari ubwoko nyamukuru bw’abantu umunani n’ubundi 127 butobuto. Buri bwoko usanga bwisangije ururimi, inyambaro, ibifungurwa hamwe n’imico kama. Abantu batari bake baba mu kiyaya cagutse c’amaja hagati kivomerwa n’Uruzi amahanga rwitwa Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) rushobora gucamwo amato rw’ibilometero 1.995 rugenda rurakata amakorosi ruvuye mu misozi ikanye ya Himalaya gushika mu Kiyaga Andaman kirimwo amazi asusurutse. Abandi amamiliyoni baba muri delta yagutse (delta ni aho uruzi rushamikira imbere y’uko rwisuka mu kiyaga) be no mu misozi igize igice c’umuzingi ihana urubibe na Bangladeshi, Ubushinwa, Ubuhindi, Laos na Tayilande.

Mu myaka hafi 100 ihaciye, Ivyabona vya Yehova bo muri Birmaniya baragaragaje ukwizera be n’ukwihangana bitanyiganyiga. Mu kiringo c’umuvurungano urimwo ubukazi be n’ic’uruhagarara mu vya politike, bagumye ataho bahengamiye. (Yoh. 17:14) Naho abo basavyi ba Yehova bari bafise ingorane z’ivy’umubiri, bakarwanywa n’abanyamadini kandi ntibiborohere guhanahana amakuru n’umuryango wabo w’abavukanyi ukwiye kw’isi yose, barabandanije kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami bw’Imana badatezura. Iyi nkuru ikurikira irerekana amakuru ateye umunezero yabo.

Igikorwa co kwamamaza gitangura

Muri wa mwaka udasanzwe wa 1914, hari abagabo babiri b’Abongereza bururutse ubwato butwarwa n’imoteri ikoreshwa n’umwuka ku kivuko c’ i Rangoun cari gishushe cane ku buryo bitari vyoroshe guhema. Hendry Carmichael n’uwundi mutsimvyi mugenziwe bari bagize urugendo bava mu Buhindi, baje gukora igikorwa kitoroshe bari bashinzwe co gutanguza igikorwa co kwamamaza muri Birmaniya. Icibare cabo cari kigizwe n’igihugu cose.

Igihe Hendry na mugenziwe batangura kwamamaza i Rangoun ntibatevye guhura n’abagabo babiri b’Abahindi b’Abongereza bashimishijwe vy’ukuri n’ubutumwa bw’Ubwami.b Abo bagabo, ari bo Bertram Marcelline na Vernon French baciye bahagarika burundu ivyo kwifatanya n’amadini y’abiyita abakirisu maze baca batangura kuza barabwira inkuru nziza akaryo kizanye abagenzi babo. Bidatevye abantu bashika 20 bari basigaye bakoranira mu nzu ya Bertram kugira ngo bige Bibiliya bifashishije Umunara w’Inderetsi.c

Mu 1928, uwundi mutsimvyi w’Umwongereza yava mu Buhindi yitwa George Wright yaragendeye Birmaniya, arazunguruka ico gihugu cose mu mezi atanu, agenda aratanga ibisohokayandikiro bishingiye kuri Bibiliya. Nta gukeka ko muri izo mbuto z’ukuri bariko baratanga harimwo ka gatabu kasohoka mu 1920 Des millions de personnes actuellement vivantes ne mourront jamais! (Abantu amamiliyoni bariho ubu ntibazokwigera bapfa!), ako kakaba ari ko gatabu ka mbere mu bisohokayandikiro vyacu vya gikirisu kahinduwe mu kibirmaniya.

Inyuma y’imyaka ibiri, abatsimvyi Claude Goodman na Ronald Tippin barashitse i Rangoun kugira ngo bifatanye n’umugwi mutoyi w’abavukanyi bagira amakoraniro badahemuka ariko bakaba batamamaza mu buryo butunganije neza. Claude yavuze ati: “Twararemesheje abavukanyi kuza baraza kwamamaza imisi yose ku w’iyinga. Hari umuvukanyi umwe yabajije nimba atorondera umuntu yamamaza mu gishingo ciwe, mu kuza aradufashisha amahera twebwe abatsimvyi. Ron yamubwiye ati: ‘Vyoshoboka, nimba worondera n’uwinjira mw’isi nshasha mu gishingo cawe.’” Iyo ndemesho itanzwe ata gukikiriza ni yo nyene uwo mugwi wari ukeneye. Budakeye na kabiri, Claude na Ronald bari bafise abantu benshi bajana kwamamaza.

“Rachel, nubuye ukuri!”

Muri uwo mwaka nyene, Ron na Claude barahuye na Sydney Coote, umukuru w’igituro c’amagariyamoshi c’i Rangoun. Sydney yaremeye kwakira ico bita umunywamazi, ukaba wari umugwi w’ibitabu cumi vy’amabara akayangana. Sydney amaze gusoma ibihimba binaka vyo muri kimwe muri ivyo bitabu, yaciye ahamagara umukenyezi wiwe, amubwira ati: “Rachel, nubuye ukuri!” Mu misi mikeya umuryango wa Coote wari usigaye usukurira Yehova.

Sydney yari umutohoji w’Ivyanditswe w’umunyamwete. Umukobwa wiwe Norma Barber, umumisiyonari abumazemwo igihe kirekire ubu asukurira kw’ishami ryo mu Bwongereza avuga ati: “Dawe yaritunganirije igitabu c’amaronderero. Igihe cose yaba yubuye icanditswe gisigura inyigisho kanaka yo muri Bibiliya, yaca acandika muri ico gitabu munsi y’agatwe gahuye n’ico canditswe. Ico gitabu yacise ngo Kiri hehe?”

Sydney ntiyipfuza gusa kwiga Bibiliya ariko yaripfuza no kubwira abandi ubutumwa bwo muri yo. Ku bw’ivyo, yarandikiye ishami ryo mu Buhindi abaza nimba muri Birmaniya hoba hariyo ibindi Vyabona. Budakeye na kabiri, yararonse isandugu nini irimwo ibisohokayandikiro be n’urutonde rw’amazina. Norma avuga ati: “Dawe yarandikiye umuntu wese yari kuri urwo rutonde amutumira ngo umusi umwe azoze kuturamutsa. Mu nyuma hari abavukanyi batanu canke batandatu baje muhira maze baratwereka ingene twokwamamaza akaryo kizanye. Abavyeyi banje baciye ubwo nyene baha ibisohokayandikiro ababanyi n’abagenzi. Bararungikiye kandi amakete n’ibisohokayandikiro incuti zacu zose.”

Igihe Daisy D’Souza, mushiki wa Sydney yaba i Mandalay, yaronka ikete be n’agatabu Le Royaume, l’Espérance du Monde bivuye kwa Sydney, yaciye ubwo nyene amwandikira amusaba ibindi bisohokayandikiro na Bibiliya. Umukobwa wiwe Phyllis Tsatos yavuze ati: “Mama yarahimbawe no gusoma ivyo bisohokayandikiro gushika mu gaturuturu. Yaciye adukoranya uko twari abana batandatu kugira atumenyeshe ikintu gihambaye, ati: ‘Ndavuye mw’idini rya Gatolika, kuko nubuye ukuri!’ ” Mu nyuma, umugabo wa Daisy n’abana biwe baremeye ukuri. Ubu, amayaruka ane yo mu muryango wa D’Souza ariko arasukurira Yehova Imana adahemuka.

Abatsimvyi b’intatinyurukamvye

Mu ntango z’imyaka ya 1930, hari abatsimvyi b’abanyamwete baguma bakwiragiza inkuru nziza kw’ibarabara rikuru ry’indarayi ryo mu buraruko riva i Rangoun rija i Myitkyina, igisagara kiri hafi y’urubibe ico gihugu gihana n’Ubushinwa. Baramamaje kandi i Mawlamyine (Moulmein) n’i Sittwe (Akyab), ibisagara vyo ku nkengera biri mu buseruko no mu buraruko bwa Rangoun. Ico vyavuyemwo, i Mawlamyine n’i Mandalay ntihatevye gushingwa amashengero matomato.

Mu 1938, igikorwa carangurirwa muri Birmaniya caciye gihagarikirwa n’ishami rya Ostraliya, nticaba kigihagarikirwa n’ishami ry’Ubuhindi, maze abatsimvyi bavuye muri Ostraliya no muri Nouvelle-Zélande baca batangura gushika muri Birmaniya. Muri abo bakozi b’abizigirwa harimwo Fred Paton, Hector Oates, Frank Dewar, Mick Engel, na Stuart Keltie. Abo bavukanyi bose bari abatsimvyi nk’uko iryo zina risobanura.

Fred Paton yigana ati: “Mu myaka ine namaze muri Birmaniya, naramamaje mu gihugu nka cose. Muri ico gihe, narihanganiye malariya, tifoyide, amacinya, n’izindi ngorane z’amagara. Inyuma y’umusi wose ndi mu busuku, akenshi nasanga ntagira aho ndara. Yamara Yehova yamye andonsa ivyo nkeneye akongera akamfasha kubandanya ico gikorwa biciye ku bubasha bw’impwemu yiwe.” Frank Dewar, umugabo w’indyamunyu yava muri Nouvelle-Zélande, yavuze ati: “Narahura n’abasuma, abaroberi n’abategetsi bakoresha iterabwoba. Ariko nasanze iyo ngaragaje urupfasoni, umutima mwiza, nkicisha bugufi kandi ngakora ibitegereka, mbere n’intambamyi zikomeye ntamenya n’iyo zaciye. Abantu nka bose ntibatevye kubona ko Ivyabona vya Yehova ata kabi kabo.”

Abo batsimvyi bagumye batandukanye cane n’abandi banyamahanga baba muri ico gihugu, bano bakaba muri rusangi barasuzugura cane imvukira zaho. Abo batsimvyi bafatana abantu icubahiro n’urukundo. Ukuntu baganira n’abantu babigiranye umutima mwiza vyarakwegera cane abo Banyabirmaniya bicisha bugufi, bano bakaba bipfuza kuganirizwa hakoreshejwe ubugenge n’urupfasoni. Abo batsimvyi barerekanye ko Ivyabona vya Yehova ari abakirisu b’ukuri, biciye ku vyo bavuga n’ivyo bakora.—Yoh. 13:35.

Ihwaniro ryagize ico rimara

Haheze amezi atari make abo batsimvyi bashitse, ishami ryo muri Ostraliya ryaratunganije ko i Rangoun hagirirwa ihwaniro. Ikibanza catowe cari inyubakwa imwe y’i Rangoun, iyari inyubakwa nini yarimwo ingazi zitatseko amabuye, ikagira n’imiryango yagutse y’umujumpu. Abitavye iryo hwaniro bari bavuye muri Tayilande, Maleziya na Singapour, mu gihe umusuku w’ishami rya Ostraliya Alex MacGillivray, na we yaje azananye n’umugwi w’abavukanyi bavuye i Sydney.

Kubera ko intambara yariko iramota, insiguro yari yamamajwe cane yavuga ngo “Intambara ikwiye kw’isi yose iri hafi” yarashimishije cane abari ng’aho. Fred Paton yavuze ati: “Sinari bwigere mbona inyubakwa yuzuye abantu ukuraho. Igihe nugurura imiryango y’imbere, abantu isinzi baciye biterera muri iyo nyubakwa. Mu minuta idashika itatu, abantu barenga 1.000 bari buzuye muri iyo nyubakwa ishobora kwakira abantu 850.” Frank Dewar yongeyeko ati: “Twabwirijwe kwugara imiryango y’imbere kubera iryo sinzi ryaguma ryiyongera, abandi bantu 1.000 na bo baguma hanze. Naho vyari ukwo, hari imisore y’inshirwarimenetse yinyabije indani iciye mu miryango mitomito yo ku ruhande.”

Abavukanyi barahimbawe, atari gusa kubera igitigiri c’abashimishijwe ariko kandi kubera ko mu bumviriza harimwo abantu bo mu bwoko bwinshi bwo muri ico gihugu. Gushika ico gihe, abantu bakeyi gusa bo ng’aho ni bo bari bamaze kwerekana ko bashimishwa n’ukuri, kubera ko benshi muri bo bari ababuda. Abo bantu bakeya bari abo mu biyita abakirisu, benshi muri bo bakaba bari aba Kayin (Karen), Kachin n’aba Chin, ababa mu turere twa kure aho inkuru nziza yari imaze kwamamazwa ku rugero ruto cane. Vyaboneka ko imvukira zaho zari nk’imirima igeze kwimburwa. Bidatevye, rya “sinzi rinini” rigizwe n’abantu bo mu mahanga yose ryari ryaravuzwe muri Bibiliya ryobaye ririmwo n’abantu bo mu bwoko bwinshi bwo muri Birmaniya.—Ivyah. 7:9.

Abigishwa ba mbere b’aba Kayin

Mu 1940, umutsimvyi yitwa Ruby Goff yariko aramamaza i Insein, agasagara gatoyi kari ku mubari w’igisagara ca Rangoun. Kubera ko kuri uyo musi ata bantu bashimishwa Ruby yari yaronse, yarasenze ati: “Yehova, ndagusavye undonse intama imwe gusa imbere y’uko ntaha.” Ku muhana nyene yari ashikiriye, yahasanze uwitwa Hmwe Kyaing, umu Kayin wo mw’idini ry’ababatiste, uno akaba yarumvirije ubutumwa bw’Ubwami. Budakeye na kabiri, Hmwe Kyaing n’abakobwa biwe Chu May (Daisy) na Hnin May (Lily), bari basigaye biga Bibiliya kandi bariko baratera imbere neza mu vy’impwemu. Naho hadaciye igihe Hmwe Kyaing yaciye apfa, Lily, umukobwa wiwe mutoyi, yahavuye aba umu Kayin wa mbere yabatijwe araba Icabona ca Yehova. Daisy na we nyene yarabatijwe.

Lily na Daisy barabaye abatsimvyi b’abanyamwete kandi barasize iragi ry’ibihe bidahera. Muri iki gihe, abantu amajana bagizwe n’ababakomokako be n’abo bigishije Bibiliya barasukurira Yehova muri Birmaniya no mu bindi bihugu.

Ingorane zo mu gihe c’Intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose

Mu 1939, Intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose yari yatanguye i Buraya, ingaruka zayo zikaba zariko ziribonekeza kw’isi yose. Mu gihe intambara yariko irabica bigacika, abakuru b’amadini y’abiyita abakirisu muri Birmaniya baguma bongereza umukazo bashira ku bategetsi b’abakoroni kugira babuze ibitabu vyacu. Ivyo vyatumye Mick Engel, uwari ajejwe idepo y’ibitabu i Rangoun, aganira n’umutegetsi wo hejuru w’Umunyamerika maze araronka ikete rimuha uruhusha rwo gutwara nk’amatoni abiri y’ibitabu mu makamyo y’igisoda, ayacishije mw’ibarabara ryo muri Birmaniya rija mu Bushinwa.

Fred Paton na Hector Oates baratwaye ivyo bitabu gushika aho ibarabara ry’indarayi riherera i Lashio, igisagara kiri hafi y’urubibe ico gihugu gihana n’Ubushinwa. Igihe bahura n’umutegetsi yari ayoboye umugwi w’imiduga yariko ija mu Bushinwa, uwo mutegetsi yararunguye n’ishavu! Yakankamye ati: “Ivyo n’ibiki? Vyogenda gute ngo ndabahe ikibanza ciza mu makamyo yanje mwotwaramwo ibitabu vyanyu vyapfuye nabi mu gihe ntagira ikibanza co gutwaramwo ibikoresho vya gisirikare be n’imiti vyihuta biriko birononekarira ng’aha hanze?” Fred yagumye anumye, aca akura mw’isakoshi yiwe rya kete rimuha uruhusha, aca amenyesha uwo mutegetsi ko coba ari ikintu gikomeye cane hamwe yokwirengagiza itegeko ryatanzwe n’umutegetsi w’i Rangoun. Yumvise ivyo, uwo mutegetsi yaciye aha abo bavukanyi agakamyonete n’umushoferi be n’ibindi bintu vyose vya nkenerwa. Baragiye ibilometero nka 2.400 gushika i Chongqing (Chungking), mu bumanuko bw’amaja hagati bw’Ubushinwa, aho batanze ivyo bitabu vy’agaciro bongera mbere barabwira inkuru nziza Chiang Kai-shek, umukuru w’igihugu w’ihanga ry’Ubushinwa.

Amaherezo, muri Rusama 1941, umutegetsi w’umukoroni wo mu Buhindi yararungitse ubutumwa i Rangoun kuri telegrama, ategeka abategetsi bo ng’aho gufata ibitabu vyacu. Abavukanyi babiri bakorera mu biro vy’amatelegrama barabonye ubwo butumwa maze baca bihutira kubibwira Mick Engel. Mick yaraterefonye Lily na Daisy baca banyarukira kuri depo, barapakira amakarato 40 y’ibitabu yari asigaye, bayanyegeza mu mazu atagira inkomanzi yo hirya no hino i Rangoun. Igihe abategetsi bashika, basanze ahari impene hasigaye ikiziriko.

Ku wa 11 Kigarama 1941, haheze imisi ine Ubuyapani buteye ikivuko c’Abanyamerika citwa Pearl Harbor, Abayapani baratanguye gucucagira amabombe muri Birmaniya. Muri iyo mpera y’umushamvu hari umugwi mutoyi w’Ivyabona wakoraniye mu nyubakwa ntoyi yari hejuru y’igituro c’amagariyamoshi c’amaja hagati muri Rangoun. Aho ni ho, inyuma y’ikiganiro carangwamwo urupfasoni gishingiye ku Vyanditswe, Lily yabatirijwe icese muri ca kintu bogeramwo co mu nzu kimeze nk’ubwato.

Haciye amayinga 12, abasoda b’Abayapani barinjiye i Rangoun basanga igisagara gisa n’ikigaragara. Abantu barenga ibihumbi ijana bari barahungiye mu Buhindi. Abandi ibihumbi barapfiriye mu nzira bishwe n’inzara, uburuhe n’indwara. Sydney Coote, uwari yahunganye n’umuryango wiwe, yishwe na malariya yo mu mutwe ari mu gushika ku rubibe ico gihugu gihana n’Ubuhindi. Uwundi muvukanyi yarashwe n’abasoda b’Abayapani, mu gihe uwundi na we yabuze umugore wiwe n’abandi bo muryango wiwe igihe inzu yiwe yaterwako ikibombe.

Ivyabona bari ku rushi ni bo bonyene basigaye muri Birmaniya. Lily na Daisy barimukiye i Pyin Oo Lwin (Maymyo), agasagara gatekanye kari ku nkike y’umusozi hafi ya Mandalay, aho baciye babiba imbuto z’ukuri, izahavuye zama. Icabona agira gatatu, Cyril Gay, yarimukiye i Thayarwaddy, agasagara gatoyi kari nko ku bilometero 100 mu buraruko bwa Rangoun, aho yagumye aba yitekaniye mu kiringo cose intambara yamaze.

Haba iteraniro riteye umunezero

Igihe intambara yarangira, abavukanyi na bashiki bacu batari bake bari barahungiye mu Buhindi baratanguye kugaruka muri Birmaniya. Gushika muri Ndamukiza 1946, ishengero ry’i Rangoun ryari rifise abamamaji umunani b’abanyamwete. Mu mpera z’uwo mwaka, igihe iryo shengero ryari rimaze gushika ku bamamaji 24, abavukanyi barafashe ingingo yo kugira iteraniro.

Iryo teraniro ry’imisi ibiri ryabereye kw’ishure rimwe ry’i Insein. Theo Syriopoulos, uwigiye ukuri i Rangoun mu 1932, yibuka ibi: “Ntashe mvuye mu Buhindi nasanze nahawe gushikiriza insiguro y’icese imara isaha imwe. Gushika ico gihe, nari maze gutanga insiguro zibiri gusa z’iminuta itanitanu ku makoraniro mu Buhindi. Yamara, iryo teraniro ryarabaye kirumara, kandi ryitabwe n’abantu barenga 100.”

Inyuma y’amayinga makeyi, umukuru w’aba Kayin, uwari yashimishijwe n’ukuri, yarahaye ishengero itongo i Ahlone, agasagara ko ku nkengera y’uruzi kari hafi y’amaja hagati mu gisagara ca Rangoun. Aho hantu abavukanyi barahubatse Ingoro y’Ubwami mu migano, ishobora kwakira abantu nk’ijana. Iryo shengero ryararengewe n’umunezero. Abo bavukanyi na bashiki bacu bari barokotse intambara ukwizera kwabo kugikomeye, bakaba rero bari biteguye kandi bashashaye kubandanya igikorwa co kwamamaza.

Hashika abamisiyonari ba mbere mu basohotse Ishure rya Gileyadi

Mu ntango za 1947, hari abavukanyi bari bahimbawe batororokaniye ku kivuko c’i Rangoun kugira ngo bahe ikaze Robert Kirk, uno akaba ari we wa mbere yaje muri Birmaniya mu basohotse Ishure rya Gileyadi rimenyereza abamisiyonari. Haciye igihe gito, haraje abandi bamisiyonari batatu ari bo Norman Barber, Robert Richards, na Hubert Smedstad, bari kumwe na Frank Dewar, uno akaba yari yarasukuye ari umutsimvyi mu Buhindi mu gihe c’intambara.

Abo bamisiyonari bashikiye mu gisagara catabaguwe n’intambara. Inyubakwa zitari nke zari zaraturijwe amawobi. Abantu ibihumbi baba mu tururi twubakishije imigano twari dutonze ku mabarabara. Abantu batekera mw’ibarabara, bakahogera bakongera bakahaba. Yamara, kubera ko abo bamisiyonari bari baje kwigisha ukuri kwo muri Bibiliya, barahuje n’ukwo kuntu ibintu vyari vyifashe maze bitunira ku busuku.

Ku wa 1 Nyakanga 1947, ibiro vy’ishami vy’ishirahamwe Watch Tower vyarashizwe ku nzu y’abamisiyonari yari kw’ibarabara Signal Pagoda, hafi yo mu gisagara hagati. Robert Kirk ni we yagenywe ngo ahagarikire ishami. Haciye igihe gito, ishengero ry’i Rangoun ryaravuye muri ya ngoro y’imigano y’i Ahlone ryimukira mu nzu yo hejuru iri ku kabarabara Bogalay Zay. Aho hari nk’urugendo rw’iminuta nk’ingahe uvuye ku nyubakwa iteye igomwe abagize intwaro y’abakoroni b’Abongereza bakoreramwo, iyo ntwaro ikaba yari isigaje igihe gito!

Haduka intambara y’abanyagihugu!

Ku wa 4 Nzero 1948, Ubwongereza bwarashikirije Leta nshasha ya Birmaniya ubutegetsi. Inyuma y’imyaka 60 Birmaniya iri mu bukoroni, yaza yikukira. Ariko ico gihugu caciye cinjira mu ntambara y’abanyagihugu.

Imigwi y’amoko itandukanye yararwanye iharanira gushinga buri bwoko Leta yabwo yigenga, magingo abasoda bigenga be n’utugwi tw’inkozi z’ikibi barwanira kugenzura utwo turere. Mu ntango za 1949, ingabo z’abaroberi ni zo zagenzura hafi igihugu cose, kandi ico gihe intambara yaratandukiriye n’i Rangoun.

Uko intambara yaguma yiyongera, ni ko abavukanyi bamamaza babigiranye ukwiyubara. Ibiro vy’ishami vyari vyimuwe biva muri ya nzu y’abamisiyonari yari kw’ibarabara Signal Pagoda, vyimurirwa mu nzu yagutse yo hejuru kw’ibarabara rya 39, aho hakaba hari mu karere gatekanye karimwo ibiro bitari bike vy’abaserukira ibihugu vyabo kandi hakaba hari nk’urugendo rw’iminuta itatu gusa uvuye ku biro bikuru vya posita.

Buhorobuhoro, igisoda ca Birmaniya carashinze ubutegetsi bwaco, gica cirukanira ba baroberi mu misozi. Hagati mu myaka ya 1950, Leta yari imaze kwigarurira igice kinini c’igihugu. Yamara, intambara y’abanyagihugu ntiyari iyiriko irahera. Yarabandanije mu buryo bumwe canke ubundi gushika n’ubu.

Kwamamaza no kwigisha mu kibirmaniya

Gushika hagati mu myaka ya 1950, abavukanyi bo muri Birmaniya bamamaza ahanini mu congereza, urwo rukaba ari ururimi rwavugwa n’abantu bize bo mu bisagara bininibinini. Ariko abandi bantu amamiliyoni bo bavuga gusa ikibirmaniya, ururimi rwitwa Kayin, Kachin, Chin, n’izindi ndimi kavukire. None bomenye gute inkuru nziza?

Mu 1934, Sydney Coote yaratunganije ivy’uko umwigisha umwe w’umu Kayin ahindura udutabu tutari duke mu kibirmaniya no mu rurimi rwitwa Kayin. Haciye igihe, abandi bamamaji barahinduye igitabu “Que Dieu soit reconnu pour vrai!” (Imana nimenyekane ko ari iy’ukuri) be n’udutabu tutari duke mu kibirmaniya. Mu nyuma, mu 1950 Robert Kirk yarasavye Ba Oo ngo ahindure ibiganiro vy’ukwiga vyo mu Munara w’Inderetsi mu kibirmaniya. Ivyo bintu baba bahinduye bandika n’iminwe vyaca vyandikwa n’imashini bikongera bigacapurwa n’amacapuriro yaca amahera aho i Rangoun maze bigaca bihabwa abitaba amakoraniro y’ishengero. Haciye igihe, ibiro vy’ishami vyaraguze imashini yandika ikibirmaniya kugira ngo igikorwa co guhindura kinyaruke.

Abo bahinduzi bo mu ntango barahura n’ingorane zitari nke. Naygar Po Han, uwabaye umuhinduzi igihe Ba Oo atari akibishoboye, yigana ibi: “Ku murango narakora kugira ndonse umuryango wanje ivyo ukeneye, mw’ijoro na ho ngaca mpindura ibiganiro murikiwe n’itara ritabona neza. Kubera ko nari nzi icongereza gike, ivyo nahindura bitegerezwa kuba vyarimwo amakosa. Ariko twipfuza cane ko ibinyamakuru vyacu bishobora gusomwa n’abantu benshi bashoboka.” Igihe Robert Kirk yasaba Doris Raj ngo ahindure Umunara w’Inderetsi mu kibirmaniya, vyaramurengeye cane ku buryo yaciye aturikisha ararira. Doris asigura ati: “Nari nize gusa amashure y’intango kandi nta buhanga mu vy’ubuhinduzi nari mfise. Ariko, umuvukanyi Kirk yarandemesheje ngo ngerageze. Naciye nsenga Yehova maze ndatangura igikorwa.” Ubu, inyuma y’imyaka hafi 50, Doris aracari umuhinduzi kuri Beteli y’i Rangoun. Naygar Po Han, ubu akaba afise imyaka 93, na we nyene ari kuri Beteli kandi aracahimbarwa n’ibijanye no guteza imbere igikorwa c’Ubwami.

Mu 1956, Nathan Knorr wo ku cicaro gikuru yaragendeye Birmaniya maze aratangaza ko hasohotse Umunara w’Inderetsi mu kibirmaniya. Yarahimirije kandi abamisiyonari kwiga urwo rurimi kugira ngo barushirize kwamamaza bererwa. Abo bamisiyonari, babitumwe n’ivyo yababwiye, baciye bongereza utwigoro two kwiga ikibirmaniya. Mu mwaka wakurikiye, Frederick Franz, uwundi mushitsi yari yavuye ku cicaro gikuru, yarashikirije ijambo nyamukuru kw’ihwaniro ry’imisi itanu. Yararemesheje abavukanyi bajejwe amabanga kurushiriza kwagura igikorwa co kwamamaza mu kurungika abatsimvyi mu bisagara bininibinini na bitobito vyo muri ako karere. Akarere katanguye kwungukira ku batsimvyi bashasha kari igisagara ca Mandalay, icahoze ari umurwa mukuru wa Birmaniya, kikaba ari na co kiza ubugira kabiri mu bwaguke.

Ivyavuye mu gikorwa co kwamamaza i Mandalay

Mu ntango za 1957, abatsimvyi badasanzwe bashasha batandatu barashitse i Mandalay, basangayo abamisiyonari babiri bari baherutse gushinga urwabo ari bo Robert Richards na Baby, umukenyezi wiwe w’umu Kayin. Abo batsimvyi basanze ico gisagara ari icibare kitoroshe. I Mandalay haba ababuda benshi cane kandi haba hafi ica kabiri c’abihebeye Buda. Yamara, abo batsimvyi barabonye ko nka kumwe kwo muri Korinto ha kera, Yehova yari afise “abantu benshi muri [ico] gisagara.”—Ivyak. 18:10.

Umwe muri abo bantu yari Robin Zauja, umunyeshure w’umu Kachin w’imyaka 21, uwigana ati: “Umusi umwe mu gatondo ka kare, Robert Richards n’umukenyezi wiwe Baby baradodoye i muhira maze bambwira ko ari Ivyabona vya Yehova. Bavuze ko bariko baramamaza inkuru nziza inzu ku nzu, bisunze itegeko rya Yezu ryo kwamamaza. (Mat. 10:11-13) Barambwiye ubutumwa hanyuma barampa aderese yabo be n’ibinyamakuru hamwe n’ibitabu bitari bike. Kuri uwo mugoroba narahisemwo kimwe muri ivyo bitabu maze ndagisoma ijoro ryose gushika ndakirangije nko mu bucagucagu. Kuri uwo musi nyene, naragiye kwa Robert maze mara amasaha atari make ndiko ndamubaza ibibazo. Yarishuye ivyo bibazo vyose akoresheje Bibiliya.” Ata gihe kinini kihaciye, Robin Zauja yarabaye we mu Kachin wa mbere yemeye ukuri. Mu nyuma, yaramaze imyaka akorera ubutsimvyi budasanzwe mu buraruko bwa Birmaniya, arafasha abantu hafi ijana kumenya ukuri. Babiri mu bana biwe ubu basukurira kuri Beteli y’i Rangoun.

Uwundi mwigishwa w’umunyamwete yari Pramila Galliara, umwigeme w’imyaka 17 yaheruka kumenyera ukuri i Rangoun. Pramila avuga ati: “Dawe, uwari mw’idini ryitwa jaïna, yararwanije yivuye inyuma ukwizera naheruka kuronka. Incuro zibiri yaraturiye Bibiliya yanje be n’ibitabu vyanje bishingiye kuri yo, kandi incuro zitari nke yarankubitiye mu bantu. Yarananyugaranira mu nzu kugira sinje ku makoraniro ya gikirisu, kandi yaranavuga ko azoturira inzu y’umuryango w’umuvukanyi Richards! Ariko aho aboneye ko adashobora gusenyura ukwizera kwanje, buhorobuhoro yarahevye kundwanya.” Pramila amaze guhagarika ivyigwa vya kaminuza, yaciye aba umutsimvyi w’umunyamwete maze haciye igihe arubakana n’umucungezi w’umuzunguruko Dunstan O’Neill. Gushika ubu, aramaze gufasha abantu 45 kumenya ukuri.

Uko igikorwa cabandanya gutera imbere i Mandalay, ni ko ibiro vy’ishami vyabandanya kurungika abamisiyonari n’abatsimvyi mu bindi bisagara vyo muri ako karere, harimwo Pathein (Bassein), Kalaymyo, Bhamaw, Myitkyina, Mawlamyine, na Myeik (Mergui). Biragaragara ko Yehova yahezagiye ico gikorwa, kubera ko kimwe cose muri ivyo bisagara cavuyemwo amashengero akomeye.

Abamisiyonari birukanwa!

Mu gihe igikorwa co kwamamaza cabandanya caguka, mu gihugu hoho harushiriza kuba uruhagarara rushingiye ku vya politike no ku vy’amoko. Amaherezo, muri Ntwarante 1962 igisoda carigaruriye ubutegetsi. Abantu ibihumbi amajana bagizwe n’Abahindi be n’Abahindi b’Abongereza barirukanywe bajanwa mu Buhindi no muri Bangladeshi (ico gihe hakaba hitwa Pakistani y’Ubuseruko), kandi abanyamahanga bagendera ico gihugu bemererwa kuhamara amasaha 24 gusa. Gutyo, igihugu ca Birmaniya cariko kiranka kugiranira imigenderanire n’ibindi bihugu.

Abavukanyi barabona ukuntu icuka kibi caguma congerekana. Iyo ntwaro ya gisirikare yaremeye gutanga umwidegemvyo wo gusenga, ariko mu gihe gusa amadini yogumye yitandukanije na politike. Nk’uko bisanzwe bigenda, abamisiyonari bo mu madini y’abiyita abakirisu barabandanije kwivanga mu vya politike. Amaherezo, muri Rusama 1966, intwaro vyaranse ko iguma yihanganiye ivyo bintu, ica itegeka abamisiyonari b’abanyamahanga bose kuva muri ico gihugu! Abamisiyonari b’Ivyabona bagumye ata ho bahengamiye mu vya politike badaca ku ruhande; yamara na bo nyene budakeye na kabiri barirukanywe.

Abavukanyi bo ng’aho barababaye ariko ntibacitse intege. Bari bazi ko Yehova Imana yari kumwe na bo. (Gus. 31:6) Ariko, hari abavukanyi bibaza ingene igikorwa c’Ubwami cobandanije.

Ntivyatevye kugaragara ko ukuboko kwa Yehova kwari kumwe na bo. Maurice Raj, uwahoze ari umucungezi w’umuzunguruko yari yararonse ukumenyerezwa kunaka kw’ishami, yaragenywe bidatevye ngo ahagarikire ibiro vy’ishami. Uwo Maurice, uwari Umuhindi, ntiyari bwirukanwe mu bandi Bahindi. Asigura ati: “Mu myaka nk’ingahe yari iheze, nari narigeze gusaba ubwenegihugu bwo muri Birmaniya. Ariko sinaronse amahera 450 yo muri Birmaniyad nari nkeneye kugira ngure agatabu kanje k’ubwenegihugu, nca mba ndavyihojeje. Umusi umwe rero, nariko ndaca imbere y’ibiro vy’ishirahamwe nari nahoze nkorera imyaka itari mike imbere y’aho, maze uwahoze ari umukoresha wanje arambona. Yaciye asemerera ati: ‘Raj, ingo utore amahera yawe. Erega igihe wagenda waribagiye gutora amahera yawe y’abakukuruke.’ Ayo mahera yari 450.

“Igihe nasohoka ivyo biro, nariyumviriye ibintu vyose noshoboye gukoresha ayo mahera. Ariko rero, kubera ko yangana neza na neza n’amwe nari nkeneye kugira ngo ndonke ka gatabu k’ubwenegihugu, nabonye ko Yehova yashaka yuko ndayakoresha ku bw’iyo ntumbero. Kandi ico kintu nakoze caragize akamaro kanini. Igihe abandi Bahindi birukanwa muri Birmaniya, jewe naragumye muri ico gihugu, nkaba naragira ingendo ata nkomanzi, ngatumako ibitabu hanze, nkongera nkarangura iyindi mirimo ihambaye mu bijanye n’igikorwa cacu co kwamamaza, ivyo vyose nkaba nabikesha ukuba nari mfise ubwenegihugu bwo muri Birmaniya.”

Maurice, ari kumwe na Dunstan O’Neill, yaragize ingendo mu gihugu kugira aremeshe buri shengero ryose n’umugwi wose wari ukwa wonyene. Maurice avuga ati: “Twabwira abavukanyi duti: ‘Ntimugire ubwoba, Yehova ari kumwe natwe. Nitwaguma turi intahemuka kuri we, azodufasha.’ Kandi Yehova yaradufashije! Ata gihe kinini kihaciye, abatsimvyi badasanzwe bashasha baragenywe, igikorwa co kwamamaza na co kiraguka mbere ningoga na ningoga gusumba.”

Ubu, hakaba haheze imyaka nka 46, Maurice, uwuri mu bagize Komite y’ishami, aracagira ingendo hirya no hino muri Birmaniya kugira akomeze amashengero. Nka kumwe kwa wa mutama Kalebu wo muri Isirayeli ya kera, umwete afitiye igikorwa c’Imana ntugabanuka.—Yos. 14:11.

Igikorwa caguka kigashika muri Leta ya Chin

Kamwe mu turere twa mbere twaronse abatsimvyi badasanzwe kari Leta ya Chin, akarere k’imisozi gahana urubibe na Bangladeshi n’Ubuhindi. Ako karere kabamwo abantu benshi biyita abakirisu, iryo rikaba ari iragi ryasizwe n’abamisiyonari b’ababatiste bo mu gihe c’ubukoroni bw’Abongereza. Ku bw’ivyo, aba Chin nka bose baraha agaciro Bibiliya be n’abayigisha.

Amaja mu mpera za 1966, Lal Chhana, uwahoze ari umusoda ariko ubu akaba ari umutsimvyi adasanzwe, yarashitse i Falam, ico kikaba cari co gisagara kinini kuruta ibindi muri Leta ya Chin. Ng’aho yasanzweyo na Dunstan O’Neill n’umukenyezi wiwe Pramila be na Than Tum, uwundi yahoze ari umusoda yaheruka kubatizwa. Abo bakozi b’abanyamwete bararondeye imiryango itari mike yari yarashimishijwe, maze badatevye barashinga ishengero ritoyi mugabo rigizwe n’abanyamwete.

Mu mwaka wakurikiye, Than Tum yarimukiye i Hakha, igisagara kiri mu Bumanuko bwa Falam, aho yatanguye gukorera ubutsimvyi yongera arahashinga umugwi mutoyi. Mu nyuma yaragiye kwamamaza hirya no hino muri Leta ya Chin yongera arafasha gushinga amashengero i Vanhna n’i Surkhua, tutibagiye i Gangaw no mu bundi burere. Ubu, inyuma y’imyaka 45, Than Tum aracari umunyamwete uko asukura ari umutsimvyi adasanzwe mu kigwati c’iwabo, Vanhna.

Igihe Than Tum yava i Hakha, yasubiriwe na Donald Dewar, umutsimvyi adasanzwe w’imyaka 20. Kubera ko abavyeyi ba Donald, ari bo Frank Dewar na Lily (uwahoze yitwa Lily May), bari baheruka kwirukanwa muri ico gihugu, mwene wabo w’imyaka 18 yitwa Samuel, yaciye amusangayo. Donald avuga ati: “Twaba mu karuri gatoyi kashuha cane mu ci, mu rushana na ho kagakanya. Ariko ntiwumve, nasanze irungu ari yo ngorane yari ikomeye kuruta. Nama nijana mu busuku kandi navuga nabinabi ururimi rwaho, urwitwa Hakha Chin. Amakoraniro twayagira twe na Samuel gusa be n’uwundi mwamamaji umwe canke babiri. Buhorobuhoro, naratanguye gucika intege mbere ntangura kwiyumvira ivyo guhagarika umurimo.

“Muri ico gihe, hari inkuru nasomye ishwangamura yo mu Gitabu c’umwaka yavuga ukuntu abavukanyi bo muri Malawi bagumye ari intahemuka igihe bari mu ruhamo rukaze.e Nibajije nti: ‘Nimba ntashobora kwihanganira irungu, noshoboye gute kwihanganira uruhamo?’ Narasukiye Yehova mw’isengesho ingorane nari mfise maze ntagura kwumva nduhuriwe. Nararonse kandi inkomezi biciye ku gusoma Bibiliya be n’ibiganiro vyo mu Munara w’Inderetsi no kukuzirikana ku vyo nasoma. Igihe Maurice Raj na Dunstan O’Neill bangendera ntari ndavyiteze, nabaye nk’uwubonye abamarayika babiri! Buhorobuhoro, narasubiye kwumva umunezero.”

Mu nyuma, igihe Donald yari umucungezi w’ingenzi, yarikoze ku vyamushikiye mu kuremesha ibindi Vyabona bari ukwa bonyene. Utwigoro yagize igihe yari i Hakha na two nyene twaravuyemwo ivyiza. Ubu i Hakha hari ishengero riteye imbere kandi hama habera amateraniro n’amahwaniro vya gikirisu. Babiri mu bamamaji bitaba amakoraniro i Hakha, ari bo Johnson Lal Vung na Daniel Sang Kha, bahavuye baba abatsimvyi badasanzwe b’abanyamwete, abafashije gukwiragiza inkuru nziza mu gice kinini ca Leta ya Chin.

“Kuduga imisozi’

Leta ya Chin iri ku metero ziva ku 900 gushika ku 1.800 hejuru y’urugero rw’ibahari, ikaba irimwo imisozi imwimwe ishika ku metero 3.000. Imisozi myinshi igizwe n’amashamba ya manyenye arimwo ibiti vyo mu bwoko bw’umukambati (tecks), ivyo mu bwoko bw’akajwari (conifères), amashurwe yitwa rhododendrons, be n’ayandi meza cane yo mu bwoko bw’ayitwa orchidées. Ako karere ni agahinga ka nyaganande kagutse, ivyo bikaba bituma kugira ingendo bigora. Ibisagara vyo muri ako karere bihuzwa n’amabarabara y’ivu arimwo amakorosi, ayo mabarabara akaba agoye gucamwo igihe imvura iba yaguye kandi kenshi arakunda gusidukiramwo imisozi. Kugira umuntu ashike mu bigwati vyinshi biri kure y’ibisagara, bisaba gusa ko agenda n’amaguru. Yamara, izo ntambamyi ntizigeze zica intege abasavyi ba Yehova, abari biyemeje gushikira abantu benshi bashoboka babashiriye inkuru nziza.

Aye Aye Thit, uwasukura ari kumwe n’umugabo wiwe mu gikorwa co kugendera amashengero muri Leta ya Chin, yigana ibi: “Nakuriye mu kiyaya ca delta y’uruzi Ayeyarwady kandi naratangazwa cane n’imisozi iteye igomwe y’i Chin. Umusozi wa mbere naduze, nawuduze niyahagura nshaka gusa ko noza kuruhukira kw’isonga ryawo. Ariko, ku misozi nk’ingahe yakurikiye, numvise ndushe cane ku buryo nibaza ko mpava mpfa. Buhorobuhoro, narize uburyo bwo kuduga imisozi, akaba ari mu gukoresha umwanya munini maze nkazigama utuguvu. Bidatevye nari nsigaye nduga ibilometero 32 ku musi mu ngendo zamara imisi itandatu canke irenga.”

Mu myaka n’iyindi yahaciye, abavukanyi bo muri Leta ya Chin barakoresheje uburyo butandukanye bwo kwiyunguruza, harimwo inyumpu, amafarasi n’amakinga; ubu bwa vuba niho gusa hatanguye gukoreshwa amapikipiki, ibikamyo bitwara ingenzi be na ya miduga y’insimbabisaka. Ariko akenshi, abantu bagenda n’amaguru. Nk’akarorero, kugira ngo abatsimvyi badasanzwe Kyaw Win na David Zama bashike mu bigwati bikikuje Matupi, wasanga bagenda bukebuke ibilometero vyinshi baduga bongera bamanuka imisozi. Kugira ishengero ry’i Matupi ryitabe amahwaniro ya gikirisu yabera i Hakha, nko ku bilometero birenga 270, ryagira urugendo rw’imisi iri hagati y’itandatu n’umunani mu kugenda be n’iyindi nk’iyo mu kugaruka. Bagenda bararirimba indirimbo z’Ubwami, izasamirana muri iyo misozi iteye igomwe.

Izo ngendo zigoye ntizatuma gusa abo bavukanyi bahangana n’ikirere caba cifashe nabi co mu misozi ariko kandi zaratuma bahangana n’imibu be n’ubwoko bwose bw’udukoko tumeze nabi, canecane mu gihe c’imvura. Myint Lwin, umucungezi w’umuzunguruko yigana ati: “Igihe nariko ndaca mw’ishamba, imisundo (canke imiyoka) yaranduzeko ku maguru. Igihe nayikurako, hari iyindi ibiri yaciye indugako. Naciye nsimbira ku giti cari caraguye, ariko imisundo myinshi yaciye itangura kuduga kw’ishami ry’ico giti. Naratekewe n’ubwoba, nca mva muri iryo shamba niruka. Igihe amaherezo nashikira ibarabara, nari nuzuye imisundo.”

Ariko ntiwumve, abacungezi bo muri Leta ya Chin barihanganira n’ibindi bintu uretse imisundo. Muri Birmaniya hariyo kandi ingurube zo mw’ishamba, idubu be n’ingwe, kandi twisunze amasoko amwamwe y’amakuru, muri ico gihugu ni ho hari ubwoko bwinshi cane bw’inzoka z’ubumara gusumba ibindi bihugu vyo kw’isi. Igihe Gumja Naw umucungezi w’intara be n’umukenyezi wiwe Nan Lu baba bariko barava mu mashengero baja mu yandi muri Leta ya Chin, baracana umuriro kugira ngo ibikoko vyo mw’ishamba ntibibegere!

Abo bamamaji b’inkuru nziza badatezura barasize iragi ry’ibihe bidahera. Maurice Raj avuga ati: “Barasukuriye Yehova n’inkomezi zabo zose. Mbere n’inyuma y’aho baviriye muri Leta ya Chin, bari bafise umutima ukunze wo gusubirayo. Utwigoro twabo vy’ukuri twaraninahaje Yehova!” Muri iki gihe, naho Leta ya Chin ari kamwe mu turere turimwo abantu bake kurusha utundi muri Birmaniya, irimwo amashengero indwi n’imigwi iri ukwa yonyene itari mike.

“Nta ntama ziri i Myitkyina”

Mu 1966 abatsimvyi badasanzwe batari bake barashitse i Myitkyina, agasagara gatoyi keza kari ahantu heza mw’ikorosi ry’Uruzi Ayeyarwady muri Leta ya Kachin, hafi y’Ubushinwa. Imyaka itandatu imbere y’aho, Robert Richards n’umukenyezi wiwe Baby bari baramamajeyo gatoyi. Bamenyesheje bati: “Nta ntama ziri i Myitkyina.” Yamara, abo batsimvyi bashasha barahasanze abantu banyotewe ukuri.

Umwe muri abo bantu yari Mya Maung, umubatiste w’imyaka 19 yasenga Imana ayisaba ngo imufashe gutahura Bibiliya. Yigana ati: “Igihe umutsimvyi umwe yangendera aho nakorera maze akambaza nimba noshima kwiga Bibiliya, nararengewe n’umunezero. Nariyumvisemwo ko iyo yari inyishu y’amasengesho yanje. Jewe na mwene wacu mutoyi, San Aye, twiga kabiri mu ndwi kandi twarateye imbere mu vy’impwemu ningoga na ningoga.

“Twafashijwe n’umwigisha ameze neza cane, yitwa Wilson Thein. Aho gusa gupfa kutubwira ico twokora, yaratwereka ingene twogikora! Biciye ku dukino two kwimenyereza no ku myerekano, twarize gukoresha neza Bibiliya, kwamamaza n’ubutinyutsi, kuvyifatamwo neza igihe turiko turarwanywa no gutegura insiguro z’ishengero hamwe no kuzishikiriza. Wilson Thein yarumviriza igihe twaba turiko turasubiramwo insiguro imwimwe yose maze akaduha ivyiyumviro vy’ingene tworyohora. Ukuntu yatumenyereje abigiranye umutima mwiza vyaratuvyuriye umutima wo gushikira imigambi yo mu vy’impwemu.

“Mu 1968, jewe na San Aye twaratanguye ubutsimvyi, ivyo bituma igitigiri c’abatsimvyi b’i Myitkyina gishika ku munani. Mu nyigisho zacu za Bibiliya za mbere harimwo mawe n’abana indwi mu bo tuvukana, bose bakaba bahavuye bemera ukuri. Twaramamaje kandi mu bisagara no mu bigwati vyo kw’ibarabara ry’indarayi ryava i Myitkyina rija i Mandalay, tukaba twagira ingendo zamara imisi iri hagati y’umwe n’itatu. Imbuto twateye zahavuye zama. Ubu, ibisagara vyo kw’ibarabara ry’indarayi vya Namti, Hopin, Mohnyin, na Katha vyose birimwo amashengero ateye imbere.”

Igihe San Aye yariko arakorera mu karere gakorerwamwo ivy’urudandazwa i Myitkyina, yarahuye na Phum Ram, umubatiste w’umu Kachin yakora mu biro bimwe vya Leta. Phum Ram yaremeye ukuri abigiranye umushasharo maze yimukira i Putao, agasagara gatoyi kari ku mucamo w’imisozi yitwa Himalaya. Ng’aho yarabwiye inkuru nziza incuti ziwe nyinshi, kandi budakeye na kabiri abantu 25 bari basigaye bitaba amakoraniro ya gikirisu. Mu gihe Phum Ram yariko arakora umurimo w’ubutsimvyi, yarafashije umukenyezi wiwe n’abana biwe indwi be n’incuti ziwe nyinshi kumenya ukuri. Ubu asukura ari umukurambere akaba n’umutsimvyi i Myitkyina.

Ibihimba vy’igariyamoshi bisigara

Kuba muri Leta ya Kachin harabaye iterambere ryo mu vy’impwemu ryihuta, vyatumye ibiro vy’ishami vyiyumvira kugirira rya Hwaniro mpuzamakungu ryo mu 1969 ryavuga ngo “ Paix sur la terre ” (Amahoro kw’isi) i Myitkyina, aho kurigirira i Rangoun, ahari hasanzwe habera amahwaniro. Kugira ngo abavukanyi b’i Rangoun bashobore gushika kuri iryo hwaniro i Myitkyina, ahari ku bilometero 1.100 uja mu buraruko, ishami ryarasavye ishirahamwe ryo muri Birmaniya rikoresha amagariyamoshi ngo ritubikire ibihimba bitandatu bikwegwa n’igariyamoshi. Gusaba ikintu nk’ico cari ikintu kitamenyerewe na gato. Muri Leta ya Kachin hari huzuye abaroberi, kandi uruja n’uruza rwaho rwaracungerwa cane. Yamara, abakuru b’iryo shirahamwe baremeye ico kintu ishami ryasavye, ivyo bikaba vyaratangaje cane abavukanyi.

Ku musi vyari vyitezwe ko iyo gariyamoshi ishikirako i Myitkyina, Maurice Raj ari kumwe n’umugwi w’abavukanyi baragiye ku gituro c’amagariyamoshi kwakira abavukanyi. Maurice yigana ati: “Igihe twari turindiriye, uwujejwe ico gituro yaje yihuta maze atubwira ko hari ubutumwa buhejeje gushika buvuga ko abakuru ba rya shirahamwe bakuye kuri ya gariyamoshi vya bihimba bitandatu vyari bitwaye abavukanyi, ibisiga hagati y’i Mandalay n’i Myitkyina. Biboneka ko iyo gariyamoshi itari gushobora kudugana umusozi ivyo bihimba birengako.

“None twari gukora iki? Ikintu ca mbere twabanje kwiyumvira, kwari kwungururiza ihwaniro ku yandi matariki. Mugabo ivyo vyosavye kurondera izindi mpusha, na vyo bikaba vyotwaye amayinga! Tukiriko turasenga Yehova twakobeje, ya gariyamoshi twagiye tubona iduturako amaguru. Wamengo turiko turarota: ibihimba bitandatu vyose vyari vyuzuye abavukanyi bacu! Bariko baradupepera, akamwemwe kabasya. Igihe twabaza ingene vyari vyagenze, umwe muri bo yadusiguriye ati: ‘Emwe ni vyo, bakuyeko ibihimba bitandatu, ivyacu bitandatu barabireka!’”

Ihwaniro ry’i Myitkyina ryagenze neza bimwe biboneka. Mu kiringo c’ihwaniro, harasohotse ibisohokayandikiro bitatu mu kibirmaniya n’ibindi bitanu mu congereza. Imyaka itatu imbere yaho, igihe abamisiyonari bari birukanywe, ibifungurwa vy’impwemu vyaboneka muri Birmaniya buhorobuhoro. Ico gihe hoho vyari bibonetse ku bwinshi!

Kwigisha aba Naga

Haheze amezi ane rya hwaniro ryabera i Myitkyina ribaye, ibiro vy’ishami vyararonse ikete rivuye ku muntu akora ku biro vya posita y’i Khamti, igisagara kiri ku nkengera y’uruzi munsi y’imisozi miremire iri ku rubibe Birmaniya ihana n’Ubuhindi amaja mu buraruko bushira uburengero. Ako karere kabamwo abantu bitwa aba Naga, bakaba ari abantu bagizwe n’uruvange rw’amoko atandukanye, kandi bakaba barigeze kuba bateye ubwoba kubera baca imitwe y’abansi babo. Muri iryo kete ryiwe, uwo mukozi Ba Yee, uwahoze ari Umudivantiste wo ku musi w’indwi, yasavye gufashwa mu vy’impwemu. Ubwo nyene ibiro vy’ishami vyaciye birungika abatsimvyi badasanzwe babiri, Aung Naing na Win Pe.

Win Pe yigana ati: “Dushitse ku kabuga k’indege k’i Khamti, twaragize ubwoba igihe twabona abarwanyi b’aba Naga bahagaze bakenyeye utubindo, bashangashiwe. Ba Yee yaciye aza yihuta aho turi araturamutsa maze aca atunyarukana kuja kuraba abantu bamwebamwe bari barashimishijwe. Mu misi mikeyi, twari dusigaye twiga n’abantu batanu.

“Yamara, abatware bo ng’aho baratwitiranije n’abapasitori b’ababatiste, abashigikira abaroberi bo ng’aho. Naho twabasiguriye ko ataho duhengamiye mu vya politike, baradutegetse kuva muri ako karere, hatarahera n’ukwezi dushitseyo.”

Haheze imyaka itatu, igihe hari abategetsi bashasha, Biak Mawia, umutsimvyi w’imyaka 18, yarabandanirije aho ba batsimvyi ba mbere bari bagejeje. Bidatevye, Ba Yee yarahevye ka kazi kiwe maze aratangura ubutsimvyi. Mu nyuma abandi batsimvyi batari bake baraje. Uwo mugwi w’abanyamwete ntiwatevye gushinga ishengero i Khamti n’iyindi migwi mitomito itari mike mu bigwati vyo hafi yaho. Biak Mawia yigana ati: “Bene wacu na bashiki bacu b’aba Naga ntibari barize, kandi ntibari bazi gusoma no kwandika. Ariko barakunda Ijambo ry’Imana kandi bari abamamaji b’abanyamwete bakoresha amashusho yo mu bisohokayandikiro vyacu babigiranye ubuhanga. Barafata kandi ku mutwe ivyanditswe vyinshi be n’indirimbo z’Ubwami.”

Ubu, i Khamti hama habera amahwaniro, akaba yitabwa n’abantu bavuye kure mu bumanuko, nk’i Homalin, igisagara kiri ku rugendo rw’amasaha 15 mu bwato.

Ukurwanywa muri ya “Nyabutatu y’inzahabu”

Muri ico gihe, ku rundi ruhande rw’igihugu ca Birmaniya, igikorwa cariko kiraguka kija mu misozi iri ku rubibe ico gihugu gihana n’Ubushinwa, Laos, na Tayilande. Aho ni hagati na hagati muri ka karere bita Inyabutatu y’inzahabu, akaba ari akarere gateye igomwe kagizwe n’urufatane rw’imisozi migufi irambaraye be n’imyonga yimbuka, kononywe n’urumogi rukaze rwitwa opium ruharimwa, abaroberi, n’ibindi bintu bitemewe n’amategeko bihakorerwa. Abatsimvyi bajanye ukuri muri ako karere katoroshe bari abantu biyubara kandi bakoresha ubukerebutsi. (Mat. 10:16) Yamara, igikorwa cabo co kwamamaza nticabuze kurwanywa n’umugwi umwe, na wo ukaba wari ugizwe n’abakuru b’amadini y’abiyita abakirisu!

Igihe abatsimvyi Robin Zauja na David Abraham bashika i Lashio, igisagara co muri Leta ya Shan kibamwo abantu benshi, umukuru umwe w’idini wo ng’aho yaciye ubwo nyene aja kubwira abapolisi ko ari abaroberi. Robin yavuze ati: “Twarafashwe maze dushirwa mw’ibohero, aho tukaba twareretse abapolisi impapuro twahawe n’ubutegetsi. Haheze akanya gato, umukuru umwe w’intwazangabo yarinjiye. Yavuze ati: ‘Amahoro mushingantahe Zauja. Ndabona ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bashitse i Lashio!’ Uwo mukuru, uwo na we tukaba twari twariganye kw’ishure, yaciye ubwo nyene aturekura.”

Abo batsimvyi babiri baciye banzika igikorwa kandi budakeye na kabiri barashinze ishengero ritari rito. Baciye bubaka Ingoro y’Ubwami. Haheze imyaka ibiri, bararengukijwe imbere y’abategetsi ba Leta, hano hakaba hari hakoraniye abantu barenga 70 bagizwe n’abakuru mu vya gisirikare, abaserukira abanyagihugu bo mu bwoko butandukanye be n’abakuru b’amadini. Robin yiganye ati: “Abakuru b’amadini batwagirije ko twosha abantu ngo bahebe imigenzo y’idini ryabo. Igihe uwari ahagarikiye iyo nama yasaba ko twogira ico tubivuzeko, naramusavye nimba noshobora gukoresha Bibiliya mu kwiregura. Yaremeye. Naciye ubwo nyene ntura isengesho mu gacerere maze nca ndasigura ico Bibiliya ivuga ku bijanye n’imigenzo itari yo y’amadini, ibikorwa vya gisirikare be n’ibirori vyo guhayagiza igihugu. Mpejeje, uwo yari ahagarikiye iyo nama yarahagurutse maze avuga yuko itegeko ryo muri Birmaniya rirekurira amadini yose gusenga mu mwidegemvyo. Twararekuwe kandi turemererwa kubandanya twamamaza, ivyo bikaba vyaratumye abo bakuru b’amadini barushiriza gushavura.”

Mu nyuma, akagwi k’ababatiste bari bashangashiwe karaturiye Ingoro y’Ubwami y’i Mongpaw, akagwati gatoyi kari ku rubibe ico gihugu gihana n’Ubushinwa. Igihe ako kagwi kabona ko ico gikorwa cabo c’ububisha kitatumye Ivyabona bo muri ako karere bagira ubwoba, kaciye gaturira inzu y’umutsimvyi adasanzwe kongera gatangura gutera ubwoba abavukanyi na bashiki bacu ku mihana yabo. Abavukanyi barituye umutegetsi wo ng’aho, mugabo yaciye ashigikira abo babatiste. Ariko amaherezo, ubutegetsi bwaragize ico bukoze maze buraha abavukanyi uburenganzira bwo kwubaka Ingoro y’Ubwami nshasha, atari aho yari isanzwe iri ku mpera y’ikigwati, mugabo neza na neza hagati na hagati mu kigwati!

Kure amaja mu bumanuko i Leiktho, kano kakaba ari akagwati kari ukwa konyene mu misozi ya Leta ya Kayin, agahana urubibe na ya Nyabutatu y’inzahabu, uwitwa Gregory Sarilo yararwanijwe bimwe bikomeye n’idini rya Gatolika. Gregory avuga ati: “Umupadiri wo muri ako kagwati yarategetse abanywanyi biwe kurandura umurima wanje w’imboga. Baciye bampa ingabirano y’imfungurwa, ariko hari umugenzi yamburiye ko izo mfungurwa zarimwo ishano. Umusi umwe, umugendanyi wa wa mupadiri yarambajije inzira nociyemwo bukeye. Kuri uwo musi naciye nca mu yindi nzira, gutyo mba ndarusimvye kuko bari bambundiye ngo banyice. Igihe nabwira abategetsi ukwo kuntu baguma bagomba kunyica, baciye bategeka bashimitse uwo mupadiri n’abanywanyi biwe kumpa amahoro. Yehova yarankingiye abo ‘bahiga ubuzima bwanje.’”—Zab. 35:4.

Bagumye ata ho bahengamiye

Mu myaka n’iyindi, ugutungana kw’abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bo muri Birmaniya kwarageragejwe mu bundi buryo bukomeye cane. Intambara zishingiye ku moko be n’imishamirano mu vya politike vyaragerageje ukutagira aho bahengamiye kwabo kwa gikirisu.—Yoh. 18:36.

Mu gisagara ca Thanbyuzayat kiri mu bumanuko, ahazwi cane kubera igituro c’amagariyamoshi cubatswe mu kiringo c’Intambara ya kabiri y’isi yose, hari umutsimvyi adasanzwe yitwa Hla Aung yagize artya asanga ari ahantu hariko habera intambara y’abaroberi hamwe n’abasoda ba Leta. Asigura ati: “Abasoda baratera mu bigwati mw’ijoro, bagafata abagabo, bakabafatirako inkoho barondera ko bababera abikorezi. Benshi muri bo nta wasubira kubakubita ijisho. Umusi umwe mw’ijoro, abasoda baraje gutera igisagara cacu mu gihe twe na Donald Dewar twariko turiganirira mu nzu nabamwo. Umukenyezi wanje yaciye akoma akaruru atuburira, ivyo bica bituma turonka akaryo ko guhungira mw’ishamba. Inyuma y’aho ndarusimbiye, narubatse mu nzu yanje ahantu hihishije ho kwinyegeza, aho naca mpungira ntatebaganye igihe twaba dutewe.”

Igihe umutsimvyi adasanzwe Rajan Pandit yashika i Dawei, igisagara kiri mu bumanuko bwa Thanbyuzayat, ntiyatevye gutanguza inyigisho za Bibiliya zitari nke mu kigwati co hafi cabamwo abaroberi benshi. Yigana ati: “Igihe nariko ndasubira inyuma mvuye muri ico kigwati, narahagaritswe nongera ndakubitwa n’abasoda banyagiriza ko nkorana n’abaroberi. Igihe nababwira ko ndi umwe mu Vyabona vya Yehova, baciye bambaza ingene nashitse i Dawei. Naraberetse itike narihiyeko indege, iyo nari naragumije kugira ngo nzoze ndayibukirako. Barabonye ko naje n’indege, ubwo bukaba ari uburyo bwo kwiyunguruza abaroberi batigera bakoresha. Ntibasubiye kunkubita kandi bahavuye bandekura. Ariko, abo basoda barasambishije umwe mu nyigisho zanje za Bibiliya, uno na we akaba yaremeje ko ivyo twakora kwari ukwiga Bibiliya gusa. Inyuma y’ivyo, abo basoda ntibasubiye kuza baramfata kandi bamwe muri bo baragiye ku rutonde rw’abantu nama nshira ibinyamakuru.”

Rimwe na rimwe abategetsi bo muri ico gisagara baragerageza gushira umukazo ku bavukanyi ngo bave ku kutagira aho bahengamiye kwabo mu kuja gutora canke mu kugira uruhara mu misi mikuru y’igihugu. Igihe abategetsi b’i Zalun, igisagara kiri ku nkengera y’uruzi nko ku bilometero 130 mu buraruko bwa Rangoun, bashira umukazo ku Vyabona vya Yehova baho ngo baje gutora, abo bavukanyi bagumye bashikamye, bavuga ko Bibiliya ari yo ibategeka. (Yoh. 6:15) Abo bategetsi barasavye abakuru bo muri ico gisagara ngo bategeke Ivyabona kuja gutora. Ariko abo bakuru bo muri ico gisagara bari bazi neza ko Ivyabona vya Yehova ata ho bahengamira mu vya politike. Abo bavukanyi baciye bemererwa kutaja mu vy’amatora.

Igihe abana 23 b’Ivyabona b’i Khampat, igisagara kiri ku rubibe igihugu ca Birmaniya gihana n’Ubuhindi, banka kwunamira ibendera ry’igihugu, umugore yayobora ishure ryo ng’aho yaciye abirukana. Yaciye rero ategeka abakurambere babiri kurenguka imbere y’umugwi munini w’abategetsi, muri bo hakaba harimwo umucamanza be n’umukomanda b’ico gisagara. Paul Khai Khan Thang, umwe muri abo bakurambere, avuga ati: “Igihe twatanga imvo zishingiye ku Vyanditswe zerekana impagararo yacu, bamwe muri abo bategetsi bararwanije ivyiyumviro vyacu. Twaciye tubereka icete canditseko itegeko rya Leta ryavuga ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bemererwa ‘guhagarara banumye kandi mu rupfasoni igihe co kuduza ibendera.’ Abo bategetsi ubwanwa bwarapfutse umunwa. Haciye akanya, wa mukomanda yaciye ategeka wa muyobozi gusubiza kw’ishure ba bana. Uwo muyobozi yaciye atanga amakopi y’ico cete mu nzego zose z’iryo shure.”

Muri iki gihe, abakuru bo hejuru bo muri Leta ya Birmaniya barazi neza ko Ivyabona vya Yehova batagira aho bahengamiye mu vya politike. Mu kuguma bashikamye ku ngingo ngenderwako zo muri Bibiliya, abasavyi ba Yehova barashinze intahe nziza, nk’uko Yezu Kristu yari yarabivuze.—Luka 21:13.

Abasoda bacika abakirisu

Mu kiringo cose c’akajagari kabaye mu gihe ca none muri Birmaniya, benshi mu banyagihugu baho usanga baraciye mu gisoda canke bararwanye ari abaroberi. Nka kumwe kwa ya ntwazangabo y’Umuroma Koruneliyo, bamwe muri bo basigaye ‘bubaha Imana kandi bakayitinya.’ (Ivyak. 10:2) Bamaze kwiga ukuri, barakora uko bashoboye kwose kugira ngo babeho bahuza n’ingingo ngenderwako zigororotse za Yehova.

Umwe muri abo bantu ni Hlawn Mang, uwahoze ari umusoda mutoyi yarwanira mu mazi yize ukuri igihe yakorera i Mawlamyine. Asigura ati: “Nashaka guca ntangura kwamamaza ubwo nyene. Ariko igihe nari mu gusezera ngo mve mu gisoda, naramenye ko hariko hariyumvirwa ivy’uko noduzwa igiti maze nkaja kwiga ivy’igisirikare mu gihugu kimwe gitunze c’i Buraya! Yamara, nari narafashe ingingo yo gukora igikorwa c’Imana. Nararungitse icete co gusezera maze ntangura gusukurira Yehova, ivyo bikaba vyaratangaje cane abankurira mu kazi. Ubu, hakaba haciye imyaka nka 30, ndacemera ntakeka ko nahisemwo neza. Ni igiki cogereranywa n’agateka ko gusukurira Imana y’ukuri?”

La Bang Gam, yari arwariye mu bitaro vy’igisirikare igihe Robin Zauja yamwereka igitabu Du paradis perdu au paradis reconquis.f La Bang Gam yarahimbawe cane n’ico gitabu maze aramusaba nimba yokigumya. Mugabo kubera ko ari co conyene Robin yari afise, yaremeye kugitira La Bang Gam ngo akimarane ijoro rimwe gusa. Bukeye, Robin agarutse, La Bang Gam yamubwiye n’ijwi rirenga ati: “Akira igitabu cawe. Ubu ndafise rwanje!” Yari yamaze ijoro ryose ariko arimura ico gitabu cose c’impapuro 250, acimurira mu dukaye tutari duke! Budakeye na kabiri, La Bang Gam yaravuye mu gisoda maze arakoresha ivyo yari yimuye muri ca gitabu mu gufasha abandi bantu benshi kumenya ukuri.

Muri Leta ya Shan, akarere kagizwe n’imisozi, Sa Than Htun Aung, umukapitene wo mu gisoda ca Birmaniya, be na Aik Lin, umukomanda wo mu gisoda ca Leta yunze ubumwe ya Wa, bari mu migwi yari ihanganye mu ntambara ziteye ikinya zitari nke zabereye mu mashamba. Igihe amaherezo abasoda bagira ibiganiro vyo guhagarika intambara, abo bagabo bompi baciye baja kuba muri Leta ya Shan. Mu nyuma, barize ukuri umwe wese ukwiwe maze barava mu gisoda hanyuma barabatizwa. Abo bagabo babiri bahoze ari abansi barahuriye kw’iteraniro ry’umuzunguruko, bararwana mu nda n’igishika cinshi, basigaye ari abavukanyi bakirisu! Umunyororo w’urwanko warabavuyeko, ico gihe bakaba bari bunzwe n’urukundo, babikesheje ububasha butanga umwidegemvyo bw’Ijambo ry’Imana.—Yoh. 8:32; 13:35.

Kuzirikana n’ “abantu b’uburyo bwose”

Hagati y’umwaka wa 1965 n’uwa 1976, igitigiri c’abamamaji muri Birmaniya cariyongereye gushika ku bice birenga 300 kw’ijana. Abatari bake muri abo bashasha bakiriye neza utwigoro Ivyabona bagize mu kwamamaza bari baje bava mu madini y’abiyita abakirisu. Yamara, abavukanyi bari bazi ko Imana igomba ko “abantu b’uburyo bwose bakizwa bagashika ku bumenyi butagira amakosa bwerekeye ukuri.” (1 Tim. 2:4) Ku bw’ivyo, kuva hagati mu myaka ya 1970 kubandanya, barongereje utwigoro bagira two kubwira inkuru nziza abantu bo mu yandi madini yo muri Birmaniya, harimwo ababuda, abahindu n’abitwa aba animistes.

Ingorane zari nyinshi. Ababuda basanzwe batemera ko hariho icitwa Imana canke Umuremyi, abahindu basenga imana amamiliyoni, aba animistes b’Abanyabirmaniya na bo basenga ibiremwa vy’impwemu vy’ubushobozi vyitwa nats. Muri ayo madini usanga huzuye ivyo kwemera ibintazi, ivyo kuragura be n’ubupfumu. Kandi naho abantu bafise ishaka mu vyo gusenga babona ko Bibiliya ari igitabu ceranda, akenshi usanga bazi bike canke ata na kimwe bazi ku bijanye n’ibiri muri Bibiliya be n’ivyo yigisha.

Yamara, abo bavukanyi bari bazi ko ukuri kwo mw’Ijambo ry’Imana gufise ububasha bwo gukora ku mutima w’umuntu wese. (Heb. 4:12) Bari bakeneye gusa kwiheka ku mpwemu y’Imana no gukoresha “ubuhanga bwo kwigisha,” ni ukuvuga ivyiyumviro bijijura bishimisha imitima y’abantu bikongera bikabavyurira umutima wo kugira ivyo bahinduye mu buzima bwabo.—2 Tim. 4:2.

Nk’akarorero, raba ukuntu Rosaline, umutsimvyi adasanzwe abumazemwo igihe kirekire akoresha ivyiyumviro bijijura igihe aganira n’ababuda. Asigura ati: “Igihe ababuda bigishijwe ko hariho Umuremyi, akenshi baca babaza ngo ‘Ni nde none yaremye uwo Muremyi?’ Ababuda babona ko ibikoko ari abantu bapfuye bagaca bavukira muri vyo; nca rero nzirikana na bo nkoresheje akarorero k’ibikoko batunze.

“Ndababaza nti: ‘Igikoko umuntu atunze coba kimenya ko nyene co abaho?’

“‘Egome.’

“‘Ariko coba kizi akazi nyene co akora, uwo bubakanye canke kahise kiwe?’

“‘Oya.’

“‘Muri ubwo buryo nyene, kubera ko abantu batandukanye n’Imana, ino ikaba ari Impwemu, twoba twokwitega kumenya akantu kose ku vyerekeye ukuntu Imana yabayeho canke iyo yavuye?’

“‘Oya.’”

Kuzirikana muri ubwo buryo vyarajijuye ababuda b’imitima nziraburyarya kurimbura ibindi bimenyamenya vyerekana ko Imana ibaho. Igihe umuntu akoresha ivyiyumviro bijijura akongera akagaragariza abantu urukundo nyakuri rwa gikirisu, ivyo birashobora kugira ikintu gikomeye bikoze ku mitima yabo. Ohn Thwin, uwahoze ari umubuda, yigana ati: “Igihe naba ndiko ndagereranya ivyo nizera mu babuda bijanye n’icizigiro ca Nirivana be n’umuhango Bibiliya itanga werekeye Iparadizo yo kw’isi, narabona ko Iparadizo ari ikintu co kwipfuza cane. Ariko kubera ko nemera yuko inzira zose zishikana ku kuri, nabona ko atari ngombwa ngo nshire mu ngiro ivyo niga. Mu nyuma naratanguye kwitaba amakoraniro y’Ivyabona vya Yehova. Narumvise nduhuriwe n’urukundo abavukanyi bangaragarije. Urwo rukundo rwaramvyuriye umutima wo gushira mu ngiro ivyo nari nzi ko ari ukuri.”

Ariko ntiwumve, gufasha abantu guhindura ivyo bemera bisaba gukoresha ubugenge n’ukwihangana. Kumar Chakarabani yari afise imyaka cumi igihe se wiwe, umuhindu yabunyoye, yemerera Umunyabeteli yitwa Jimmy Xavier kwigisha uwo Kumar gusoma. Yibuka ibi: “Dawe yamubwiye ashimitse ko yonyigisha gusa gusoma, ntanyigishe ivy’idini. Jimmy rero yaciye amubwira ko Igitabu Canje c’Inkuru za Bibiliya ari igitabu ciza gifasha kwigisha abana gusoma. N’ikindi kandi, Jimmy ahejeje kunyigisha gusoma, yarafata akanya akaganiriza dawe, akamwereka ko amwitwararika vy’ukuri. Igihe dawe yaba atanguye kubaza ibibazo bijanye n’idini, Jimmy yaca amubwira abigiranye ubugenge ati: ‘Bibiliya iratanga inyishu. Reka tuzirabire hamwe.’ Mu nyuma, si dawe gusa yahavuye yemera ukuri mugabo n’abandi bantu 63 bo mu muryango wacu na bo nyene baracitse Ivyabona vya Yehova.”

Kugira amahwaniro mu gihe c’ukurwanywa

Hagati mu myaka ya 1980, ivya politike muri Birmaniya vyararushirije kumera nabi. Amaherezo, mu 1988, abantu ibihumbi mirongo barihaye amabarabara biyamiriza ubutegetsi. Ariko, abasoda barakoresheje inguvu zidasanzwe mu kubabuza, kandi mu gihugu nka hose harashinzwe amategeko nk’ay’igihugu kiri mu ntambara.

Umunyabeteli yitwa Kyaw Win yigana ati: “Abategetsi barashinze bashimitse amasaha ntarengwa yo kuba umuntu yashitse muhira, kandi ntivyari vyemewe ko abantu barenga batanu bakoranira hamwe. Twaribaza niba twoheba amahwaniro yacu y’intara yari yimirije. Mugabo tubigiranye ukwizera Yehova, twaregereye umukomanda mu vya gisirikare yatwara abasoda b’i Rangoun turamusaba uruhusha rwo kugira ihwaniro ry’abantu 1.000. Haheze imisi ibiri, twararonse uruhusha! Tweretse urwo ruhusha abategetsi bo mu tundi turere, na bo nyene baca batwemerera kugira amahwaniro mu turere iwabo. Tubifashijwemwo na Yehova, ayo mahwaniro yose yaragenze neza!”

Ntibahevye ugukoranira hamwe kwa gikirisu

Inyuma y’iyo migumuko yo mu 1988, ivy’ubutunzi muri Birmaniya vyarunyutse. Naho vyari ukwo, abavukanyi na bashiki bacu baragaragaje ko bizera Imana bimwe bigera kure mu kubandanya bashira ivyungura Ubwami mu kibanza ca mbere mu buzima bwabo.—Mat. 6:33.

Nk’akarorero, rimbura ivyerekeye Cin Khan Dal, uwabana n’umuryango wiwe mu kigwati kiri kure i Sagaing. Asigura ati: “Twashaka kwitaba ihwaniro ry’intara ryabera i Tahan, ahari ku rugendo rw’imisi ibiri uri mu bwato no mw’ikamyo. Mugabo nta n’umwe yari gucunga inkoko zacu igihe twaba tutahari. Ariko, twarizigiye Yehova maze turitaba iryo hwaniro. Dusubiye i muhira, twasanze inkoko 19 zaratakaye, urwo rukaba rwari uruhombo rukomeye. Yamara, inyuma y’umwaka umwe, inkoko zacu zaragwiriye zishika kuri 60. Kandi igihe inkoko z’abandi benshi bo muri ico kigwati zapfa kubera ikiza cateye muri uwo mwaka, twebwe nta n’imwe yapfuye.”

Abandi bubakanye bagumye bituniye ku vy’impwemu ni Aung Tin Nyunt n’umukenyezi wiwe Nyein Mya, ababana n’abana babo icenda i Kyonsha, akagwati gatoyi kari nko ku bilometero 64 amaja mu buraruko bushira uburengero bwa Rangoun. Aung Tin Nyunt yigana ati: “Akatari gake, umuryango wacu wafungura umuceri w’igicucume tukawukoza imboga z’insoromano. Nta mahera twari dufise kandi nta kintu na kimwe twari dufise co kugurisha. Naho vyari ukwo, ntitwihebuye. Nabwiye umuryango wanje nti: ‘Yezu ntiyari afise aho akika umusaya. Rero, naho mbere vyoba ngombwa ko mba munsi y’igiti canke nkicwa n’ikigoyi, nzoguma nsenga Imana ntahemuka.’

“Umusi umwe, nta kintu na kimwe co gufungura twari dusigaranye mu nzu. Umukenyezi wanje n’abana banje barandavye bafise amaganya mu maso. Nabakuye amazinda nti: ‘Ntimuhagarike umutima. Imana izodufasha.’ Mvuye mu murimo wo mu ndimiro nari nagiyemwo mu gitondo, narajanye n’abahungu banje kuroba. Ariko twaronse gusa ifi zikwiranye n’icibo c’umusi umwe. Twarasize ku ruzi ibisamba vyacu twakoresha mu kuroba (ibintu bimeze nk’imigono), hafi y’ahari harundanye amashurwe y’amalisi yo mu mazi, maze mbwira abahungu banje nti: ‘Turagaruka hanyuma, duhejeje amakoraniro.’ Kuri uwo muhingamo hari umuyaga mwinshi. Tugarutse, twasanze muri ayo mashurwe hariyo amafi menshi yahunze umuyaga. Twaciye rero dushira mu mazi vya bisamba vyacu turafata amafi menshi, ayo twagurishije maze turagura ibifungurwa vy’indwi yose.”

Mu bihe n’ibindi, abasavyi ba Yehova bo muri Birmaniya bariboneye iranguka ry’umuhango w’Imana weza umutima ugira uti: “Sinzogenda ngutaye, eka sinzogenda nguhevye.” Ni co gituma bavuga babikunze bati: “Yehova ni umutabazi wanje; sinzotinya. Umuntu yongira iki?”—Heb. 13:5, 6.

Amaterambere mu vyo gucapura

Kuva mu 1956, abantu bo muri Birmaniya barungukiye ku mfungurwa zo mu vy’impwemu baronka ubudahorereza mu Munara w’Inderetsi wo mu kibirmaniya. Naho hagumye haba intambara zishingiye ku moko, indyane z’abanyagihugu n’amahindagurika mu vy’ubutunzi, nta nomero n’imwe y’Umunara w’Inderetsi yigeze ibura. None ico kinyamakuru catunganywa gute?

Mu kiringo c’imyaka itari mike, ibiro vy’ishami vyararungika ku mutegetsi wa Leta amakopi atari make yanditse n’imashini y’igisomwa c’ico kinyamakuru cahinduwe, uno akaba yari ajejwe gusuzuma ko mu vyanditse ata kintu kirimwo cohungabanya umutekano w’igihugu. Igihe uwo mutegetsi yaba yemeje ico gisomwa, ishami ryaca risaba uruhusha rwo kugura impapuro zo gucapurirako. Bamaze kuronka izo mpapuro, hari umuvukanyi yaca azijana be na ca gisomwa ku muntu yari afise icapuriro rica amahera, uno na we agaca yimura ibiri kuri buri rupapuro, urudome ku rundi, akoresheje indome z’ikibirmaniya. Uwo muvukanyi yaca asuzuma ico gisomwa kugira arabe ko kitagiramwo amakosa, maze uwo muntu yacapura agaca acapura ico kinyamakuru akoresheje imashini yo gucapura yari igeze habi. Amakopi y’ico kinyamakuru yaca arungikwa kuri wa mutegetsi wa Leta, uno akaba yaca atanga urupapuro rwerekana ko ico kinyamakuru cemerewe gusohorwa. Birumvikana ko ico gikorwa kitoroshe catwara amayinga atari make, kandi impapuro be n’ukuntu cacapurwa ntivyaba bimeze neza.

Mu 1989, ishami ryararonse ubundi buryo bushasha bwo gucapura bwagize ikintu kinini buhinduye ku bwo bari basanzwe bakoresha. Ubwo buhinga bwa elegitoronike bwo gutunganya ivyandikano mu ndimi nyinshi (ubwitwa MEPS), bwatanguriye bwongera butunganirizwa ku cicaro gikuru, bukaba bwakoresha za orodinateri, amaporogarama ya orodinateri bijanye, be n’ubundi buhinga bwo gupanga igisomwa kugira gishobore gucapurwa mu ndimi 186, harimwo n’ikibirmaniya!g

Mya Maung yakorera kuri Beteli avuga ati: “Ivyabona vya Yehova ni bo koko babaye aba mbere muri Birmaniya batunganije bongera baracapura ibinyamakuru bakoresheje orodinateri. Ubwo buhinga bwa MEPS, ubwakoresha indome zisa neza z’ikibirmaniya zatunganirijwe kw’ishami ryacu, bwatumye n’amacapuriro yaho agira ivyo ahinduye. Abantu ntibatahura ingene vyagenze ngo izo ndome zise neza gutyo!” MEPS kandi yaragize ico ifasha kugira ngo uburyo bushasha bwo gucapura bugende neza, ivyo bikaba vyatumye indome zirushiriza gusa neza. Vyongeye, MEPS yaratumye ibicapo birushiriza gusa neza, bino bikaba bituma Umunara w’Inderetsi uba uwukwegera cane.

Mu 1991 Leta ya Birmaniya yaremeye ko ikinyamakuru Be maso! gisohorwa, kandi ntiworaba ukuntu abavukanyi bahimbawe cane. Emwe, n’abandi bantu barahimbawe! Umutegetsi mukuru umwe wo mu Bushikiringanji bujejwe uguhanahana amakuru yaraseruye inyiyumvo nk’iz’abasomyi benshi bagira mu kuvuga ati: “Be maso! iratandukanye n’ibindi binyamakuru vy’amadini. Irimwo ibiganiro vyinshi bishimishije kandi iroroshe gutahura. Ndayikunda cane.”

Mu myaka 20 iheze, igitigiri c’ibinyamakuru bicapurwa n’ishami buri kwezi cagiye kiriyongera kiva ku 15.000 gishika ku birenga 141.000, iryo rikaba ari iyongerekana ry’ibice 900 kw’ijana! Ibinyamakuru Umunara w’Inderetsi na Be maso! ubu biramenyerewe i Rangoun kandi birakundwa n’abantu bo mu gihugu cose.

Hakenerwa ibiro vy’ishami bishasha

Inyuma ya ya migumuko yo mu 1988, abategetsi ba gisirikare barasavye ko amashirahamwe adaharanira ivyicaro vya politike be n’amashirahamwe y’ivy’idini yo muri Birmaniya yiyandikisha. Nk’uko bisanzwe, ibiro vy’ishami vyaciye vyitaba ako kamo bibikunze. Haheze imyaka ibiri, ku wa 5 Nzero 1990, “Ishirahamwe ry’Ivyabona vya Yehova (Watch Tower)” ryo muri Birmaniya ryaremewe n’amategeko ya Leta.

Ico gihe, abavukanyi bari barimuye ibiro vy’ishami babikura kw’ibarabara rya 39 bavyimurira mu nzu y’igorofa imwe yari mw’itongo ry’ihegitari n’inusu kw’ibarabara Inya, mu bumanuko bw’igisagara ahaba abatunzi. Yamara, iyo nyubakwa nshasha yaciye iba nto. Viv Mouritz, uwagendeye ico gihe Birmaniya ari umucungezi wa zone, yibuka ibi: “Abantu 25 bari bagize umuryango wa Beteli bakora batorohewe. Mu gikoni nta mwene ya mashiga y’ikizungu yariyo, mushiki wacu yakinjika akaba yakoresha agashiga gatoyi gakoreshwa n’umuyagankuba. Mw’imesuriro nta mashini zo kumesura zariyo, ku bw’ivyo mushiki wacu yamesura akaba yamesurira mu kinogo bimvye baragitegura. Abavukanyi baripfuza kugura amashiga y’ikizungu n’imashini yo kumesura, ariko ivyo bintu ntivyashobora kwinjira mu gihugu bivuye hanze.”

Biragaragara ko abavukanyi bari bakeneye ishami ryagutse. Ku bw’ivyo, Inama Nyobozi yaremeye ivyo abo bavukanyi bari basavye vy’uko ya nzu y’igorofa imwe ibomorwa maze muri ico kibanza nyene hakubakwa inyubakwa nshasha y’amagorofa atatu irimwo uburaro n’amabiro. Naho vyari ukwo, imbere y’uko abo bavukanyi batangura kugira ivyo bahinduye kuri iyo nzu, hari intambamyi zimwezimwe babwirizwa kubanza gutunganya. Ubwa mbere, bategerezwa kuronka uruhusha ruvuye ku bategetsi batandatu barutarutana. Ubwa kabiri, amashirahamwe y’ivy’ubwubatsi yo ng’aho ntiyari amenyereye kwubaka amatanga y’ivyuma, akaba ari co gituma atari gushobora gukora ico gikorwa. Ubwa gatatu, Ivyabona bokwitanze bavuye mu bindi bihugu ntiboshoboye kwinjira muri ico gihugu. Ubwa nyuma, nta bikoresho vyo kwubaka vyaboneka ng’aho, kandi ntivyashobora kwinjira bivuye mu bindi bihugu. Uca wumva ko uwo mugambi wasa n’uwudashoboka. Nk’uko bama, abo bavukanyi barizigiye Yehova. Yehova abishatse, ivyo biro vy’ishami bishasha vyokwubatswe!—Zab. 127:1.

‘Si ku bw’ububasha, mugabo ni ku bw’impwemu yanje’

Kyaw Win, uwakora mu Rwego rujejwe ivy’amategeko rwo kw’ishami, arigana ingene vyagenze, ati: “Igihe twariko turasaba uruhusha, batanu ba mbere muri ba bategetsi batandatu ba Leta bararuduhaye ata ngorane, harimwo n’Umushikiranganji ajejwe ivy’amadini. Ariko Komite ijejwe ivy’iterambere mu gisagara ca Rangoun yavuze ko inzu y’amagorofa atatu yobaye ari ndende maze ica iratwima uruhusha. Dusubiye gusaba iyo komite, na ho nyene yaranse. Komite y’ishami yarandemesheje kubandanya nsaba. Ku bw’ivyo, narasenze cane Yehova nca ndasubira gusaba irigira gatatu. Twaciye turonka urwo ruhusha!

“Ubukurikira twaregereye Umushikiranganji ajejwe ivy’imbibe. Aho, abategetsi batubwiye ko abanyamahanga bashobora kuronka uruhusha rw’ingenzi rumara imisi indwi gusa. Ariko igihe twabasigurira ko abo bantu bacu bitanga b’abanyamahanga kandi b’abahanga bomenyereje abantu bo muri ico gihugu ubuhinga bwo kwubaka bugezweho, baciye bemera kubaha uruhusha rumara amezi atandatu!

“Inyuma y’ivyo, twaragiye ku Mushikiranganji ajejwe ivy’ubudandaji, kugira gusa tubaze nimba itegeko ribuza kuzana ibintu mu gihugu ryakora ku bintu vyose. Ariko, igihe twamenyesha abo bategetsi igikorwa twagomba gukora ico ari co, baciye baduha uruhusha rwo kwinjiza ibikoresho vyo kwubaka bifise agaciro karenza umuliyoni w’amadolari y’Abanyamerika. None ivy’amatagisi vyari kugenda gute? Urugendo twagize ku Mushikiranganji ajejwe ikigega ca Leta rwatumye twemererwa kwinjiza ivyo bikoresho ku buntu! Muri ubwo buryo be no mu bundi bwinshi, twariboneye ko ivyo Imana yavuze ari ukuri, iti: ‘“Si ku bw’inteko za gisirikare, canke ku bw’ububasha, mugabo ni ku bw’impwemu yanje,” ni ko Yehova nyen’ingabo avuze.’”—Zek. 4:6.

Mu 1997 abitanga bavyishakiye bari bamaze gushika mu kibanza co kwubakamwo. Abavukanyi bo muri Ostraliya baratanze ibikoresho nka vyose vyo kwubaka, mu gihe ibindi vyavuye muri Maleziya, Singapour no muri Tayilande. Bruce Pickering, uwafashije ari umuhagarikizi w’iyo poroje, yigana ibi: “Abavukanyi batari bake bo muri Ostraliya barakoze amatanga y’ivyuma mu nyuma baca baza muri Birmaniya kuyateranya. Igitangaje, nta ntoboro n’imwe yahushanye n’iyindi!” Abandi bitanga baje bava mu Budagi, mu Bugiriki, mu Bwongereza, muri Fiji, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe no muri Nouvelle-Zélande.

Ari ryo rya mbere mu myaka 30 yari ihaciye, abamamaji b’abasangwa barifatanije n’abavukanyi bo mu bindi bihugu. Donald Dewar yibuka ibi: “Twarahimbawe cane; wamengo ni indoto. Ukuntu abo bashitsi bakunda Yehova n’abavukanyi babo, be n’agatima ko kwitanga bari bafise vyaraturemesheje bimwe bigera kure.” Uwundi muvukanyi yongerako ati: “Twarahigiye kandi ubuhinga bwo kwubaka butandukanye. Abamamaji bahora bakoresha amabuji gusa barize kwatsa amatara y’umuyagankuba. Abandi bari bamenyereye gusa kwipepera barize gukoresha mwene vya vyuma bikanyisha. Twarize mbere no gukoresha ibikoresho vy’umuyagankuba!”

Ku rundi ruhande, abo bitanze bavuye mu bindi bihugu barakozwe ku mutima cane n’ukwizera be n’urukundo vy’abavukanyi na bashiki bacu bo muri Birmaniya. Bruce Pickering avuga ati: “Abavukanyi bari bakenye, ariko bari bafise umutima wo gutanga. Benshi muri bo baradutumira iwabo kugira dusangirire hamwe maze tugasangira ibifungurwa uwo muryango wabo wari gushobora gufungura mu misi nk’ingahe. Uturorero twabo twaratwibukije igihambaye koko mu buzima, na co kikaba ari umuryango, ukwizera, ikivukano be n’imihezagiro y’Imana.”

Ku wa 22 Nzero 2000, inyubakwa nshasha y’ishami yareguriwe Imana ku mutororokano udasanzwe wabereye mu nyubakwa y’igihugu yaberamwo ibikino. Abavukanyi bo muri ico gihugu barahimbawe no kubona John E. Barr wo mu Nama Nyobozi ashikiriza insiguro yo kwegurira Imana iyo nyubakwa.

Hubakwa Ingoro z’Ubwami nshasha

Igihe ibikorwa vyo kwubaka ishami rishasha vyari mu kurangira, abavukanyi baritwararitse ikindi kintu cihutirwa cari gikenewe, na co kikaba cari Ingoro z’Ubwami. Mu 1999, Nobuhiko Koyama n’umukenyezi wiwe Aya barashitse bavuye mu Buyapani. Nobuhiko yarafashije gushinga Ibiro bijejwe ubwubatsi bw’Ingoro z’Ubwami aho kw’ishami. Yibuka ibi: “Twebwe abavukanyi twaratanguye kugenzura ibibanza amashengero yagiriramwo amakoraniro mu gihugu cose, ivyo bikaba vyasaba kwiyunguruza n’ibisi, indege, ipikipiki, ikinga, ubwato hamwe no kugenda n’amaguru. Akenshi twarakenera uruhusha rwo muri Leta, kubera ko bitari vyemewe ko abantu bo mu bindi bihugu bashika mu turere tumwetumwe. Tubonye ahaba hakenewe ingoro nshasha, Inama Nyobozi ibigiranye umutima mwiza yaratanga amahera yo kwubaka iyo nyubakwa iyakuye mu kigega kigenewe ya porogarama yo gufasha ibihugu bikenye.

“Tumaze gutororokanya umugwi w’abitanga bavyishakiye, abo bakozi baciye bamanuka i Shwepyitha, amaja hirya y’igisagara ca Rangoun, kwubaka ingoro ya mbere nshasha. Abavukanyi mvamakungu hamwe n’abasangwa barakorana muri iyo poroje, ivyo bikaba vyaratangaje umupolisi umwe wo ng’aho, uwari yarahagaritse ico gikorwa co kwubaka incuro zitari nke kugira ngo abanze abaze abamukurira nimba vyari vyemewe ko Abanyabirmaniya bakorana n’abantu bo mu bindi bihugu. Abandi bavyihweza barakeza abo bavukanyi. Umugabo umwe yavuze atangaye ati: ‘Narabonye umunyamahanga ariko aroza akazu ka surwumwe! Sinari bwigere mbona abanyamahanga bakora ibikorwa nk’ivyo. Vy’ukuri mwebwe muratandukanye n’abandi!’

“Muri ico gihe, uwundi mugwi w’abubatsi waratanguye kwubaka ingoro nshasha i Tachileik, igisagara kiri ku rubibe Birmaniya ihana na Tayilande. Buri musi, Ivyabona benshi b’Abanyatayilande barajabuka urubibe kugira bakorane n’abavukanyi babo bo muri Birmaniya muri iyo poroje. Iyo migwi ibiri yakorana mu bumwe naho bavuga indimi zitandukanye. Mu buryo butandukanye cane n’abo bavukanyi, igihe iyo ngoro yari mu kurangira, abasoda bari bacunze imbibe z’ivyo bihugu bibiri baratanguye kurwana. Amabombe n’amasasu yaracucagiwe iruhande y’iyo ngoro, ariko ntiyayiguyeko. Igihe iyo ntambara yacureha, abantu 72 baratororokaniye kuri iyo ngoro kugira ngo bayegurire Yehova, ya Mana y’amahoro.”

Kuva mu 1999, imigwi y’abubatsi b’Ingoro z’Ubwami yarubatse Ingoro z’Ubwami nshasha zirenga 65 hirya no hino mu gihugu. None ivyo vyagize ico bikoze gute ku bamamaji bo muri ico gihugu? Ico vyakoze turakibonera kuri aya majambo ya mushiki wacu umwe akenguruka, ayo yavuze ariko akorora amosozi y’umunezero, ati: “Sinigeze niyumvira ko tworonse ingoro nshasha nk’iyi ibereye ijisho! Ubu ngiye kurushiriza gutumira abashimishijwe ku makoraniro. Ndakengurukira Yehova n’ishirahamwe ryiwe ku buntu batugaragarije!”

Abamisiyonari bashika

Mu myaka ya 1990, igihe hari haheze imyaka mirongo igihugu ca Birmaniya ata migenderanire gifitaniye n’ibindi bihugu, caratanguye buhorobuhoro kugiranira imigenderanire n’ibindi bihugu. Ivyo vyatumye ibiro vy’ishami bisaba Leta nimba abamisiyonari bosubira kwinjira muri ico gihugu. Amaherezo, muri Nzero 2003, abamisiyonari basohotse Ishure rya Gileyadi ari bo Hiroshi Aoki n’umukenyezi wiwe Junko barashitse bavuye mu Buyapani, abo bakaba ari bo bamisiyonari ba mbere binjiye muri Birmaniya inyuma y’imyaka 37 yari ihaciye.

Hiroshi avuga ati: “Kubera ko muri ico gihugu hari abanyamahanga bake, twategerezwa kwiyubara kugira ngo abategetsi ntibatahure nabi intumbero y’igikorwa cacu co kwamamaza. Rero, twatanguye kuza turaherekeza abavukanyi na bashiki bacu b’abasangwa ku masubirayo yabo no ku nyigisho zabo za Bibiliya. Ntitwatevye kubona ko Abanyabirmaniya bakunda kuyaga ivyerekeye Imana. Mu gitondo ca mbere twamaze mu busuku, twatanguje inyigisho nshasha za Bibiliya zitanu!”

Junko yongerako ati: “Akenshi twaribonera ko Yehova ari we atuyobora. Umusi umwe, igihe twariko turasubira muhira turi kw’ipikipiki tuvuye ku nyigisho ya Bibiliya hafi y’i Mandalay, ipine ryaratobotse. Twaciye dusuguma iyo pikipiki tuyijana kw’ihinguriro ryari hafi, maze tubasaba ko bodufasha guhoma iryo pine. Uwari acunze umutekano yararetse Hiroshi arinjirana ya pikipiki, ariko jewe nategerezwa kuguma ndamurindiririye ku kazu uwo acunga umutekano yicaramwo. Uwo muntu yaripfuje kumenya ibitwerekeye.

“Yambajije ati: ‘Mwaje gukora iki ino?’

“Nishuye nti: ‘Twaje kuramutsa abagenzi.’

“Yaciye asa n’uwunsokoroza ati: ‘Kugira mugire iki? Ni ibijanye n’ugusenga?’

“Kubera ko ntari nzi ico ashaka gushikako, naciye ndeka kumwishura.

“Yarakobeje ati: ‘Mbwiza ukuri! Mukorera mw’ishirahamwe irihe?’

“Naciye nkura mw’isakoshi yanje Umunara w’Inderetsi ndawumwereka.

“Yaciye avuga aryohewe ati: ‘Nari nabibonye!’ Aca arahindukira kuraba abo bakorana maze yiha akamo ati: ‘Raba! Umumarayika yatoboye ipine kugira aturungikire Ivyabona vya Yehova!’

“Uwo mugabo yaciye akora mw’isakoshi yiwe akurayo Bibiliya na kamwe mu dupapuro tw’inkuru nziza twacu. Yari yarize n’Ivyabona igihe yari mu kandi karere ariko igihe yimukira i Mandalay ntiyasubiye kubonana na bo. Ubwo nyene twaciye dutangura kwiga Bibiliya na we. Mu nyuma, bamwe mu bo bakorana na bo nyene barize Bibiliya.”

Mu 2005, abandi bamisiyonari bane baraje muri Birmaniya, ico gihe ho bakaba bari bavuye muri Filipine kuri rya Shure rimenyereza abasuku (ubu ryitwa Ishure ry’ivya Bibiliya ry’abavukanyi batubatse). Umwe muri abo bavukanyi, uwitwa Nelson Junio, yaragize ingorane yo gukumbura ab’iwabo, iyo ikaba ari ingorane ikunda gushikira abamisiyonari benshi. Avuga ati: “Akenshi nararira kandi ngasenga imbere y’uko nsinzira. Hari umuvukanyi w’umutima mwiza yanyeretse mu Baheburayo 11:15, 16. Aho harigana ukuntu Aburahamu na Sara batabandanije kwiyumvira inzu babamwo i Uri ariko ko bagumye bitunira ku bihuye n’umugambi w’Imana. Maze gusoma ico canditswe, sinasubiye kurira. Naratanguye kubona ko ako karere nakoreramwo ari ho hari muhira.”

Uburorero bwiza bufasha benshi

Mu kinjana ca mbere, intumwa Paulo yahanuye Timoteyo ati: “Ibintu wanyumvanye . . . ubizeze abantu b’abizigirwa, abazoheza bakaba abakwije neza ibisabwa kugira bigishe abandi.” (2 Tim. 2:2) Abamisiyonari bafise iyo ngingo ngenderwako ku muzirikanyi, barafashije abavukanyi bo mu mashengero yo muri Birmaniya gukora bahuza n’uburyo bwa gitewokarasi bwakoreshwa n’abasavyi ba Yehova bo kw’isi yose.

Nk’akarorero, abamisiyonari barabonye ko abamamaji benshi mu kuyobora inyigisho za Bibiliya bazisaba gusubiramwo inyishu kurya nyene zanditse mu gitabu, ubwo bukaba ari uburyo bwakoreshwa mu mashure nka yose yo muri Birmaniya. Joemar Ubiña avuga ati: “Tubigiranye ukwihangana, twararemesha abamamaji gukoresha ibibazo bituma umutohoji aserura iryo agona kugira ngo bamenye ivyo uwo mutohoji yiyumvira n’ukuntu yiyumva. Abo bamamaji babigiranye umutima ukunze barashize mu ngiro iyo mpanuro kandi ivyo vyatumye barushiriza kuba abigisha kirumara.”

Abo bamisiyonari barabonye kandi ko amashengero menshi yari afise umukurambere umwe gusa canke umukozi w’ishengero umwe gusa. Bamwe muri abo bavukanyi bagenywe, naho bari abizigirwa kandi bagakora cane, barashingira abavukanyi na bashiki bacu amategeko menshi aremereye. Nkako, mwene iyo mpengamiro itegerezwa kuba yariho mu kinjana ca mbere, igihe intumwa Petero yahimiriza abakurambere ati: ‘Muragire ubusho bw’Imana mujejwe, atari mu gukandamiza abari intoranwa y’Imana, ahubwo mu kubera uburorero ubusho.’ (1 Pet. 5:2, 3) None abo bamisiyonari bari gufasha gute abo bavukanyi babo? Benjamin Reyes avuga ati: “Twarihatira gutanga akarorero keza mu kuba abanyabuntu cane, mu kwengenga cane no mu kuba abantu begereka cane.” Ubwo burorero bwiza buhorobuhoro bwagiye buratuma abavukanyi bahindura ingendo. Abakurambere benshi barahinduye ukuntu baganiriza ubusho maze batangura kubwitwararika mu buryo burushirije kurangwa impuhwe.

Ubuhinduzi bwaryohowe buvamwo ivyiza

Abavukanyi bo muri Birmaniya baramaze imyaka itari mike bakoresha impinduro ya Bibiliya yahinduwe mu kinjana ca 19, ihinduwe n’abamisiyonari bo mu madini yiyita aya gikirisu babifashijwemwo n’abihebeye Buda. Iyo mpinduro irimwo amajambo yataye igihe yo mu rurimi rwitwa pâli, kandi iragoye cane gutahura. Ku bw’ivyo, mu 2008, igihe hasohorwa Impinduro y’isi nshasha y’Ivyanditswe vy’ikigiriki mu kibirmaniya, abavukanyi bararengewe n’umunezero. Maurice Raj yigana ibi: “Abari aho barakomye amashi umwanya muremure, mbere hari n’abarize kubera umunezero igihe baronka Bibiliya yabo bwite. Iyo mpinduro nshasha iratomoye, iroroshe kandi ntigira amahinyu. Mbere n’ababuda iraborohera gutahura!” Gatoyi inyuma y’aho iyo mpinduro isohorewe, igitigiri c’inyigisho za Bibiliya muri ico gihugu cariyongereye gushika ku bice birenga 40 kw’ijana.

Nka kurya kw’izindi ndimi nyinshi, ikibirmaniya kiri ubwoko bubiri: hari ikibirmaniya ca kera gikomoka mu rurimi rwitwa pâli no mu rwitwa sanskrit hakaba n’ikibirmaniya ca none gikoreshwa mu mvugo ya misi yose. Ubwo bwoko bwompi buravugwa bukongera bukandikwa. Mu bisohokayandikiro vyacu vya kera nka vyose hakoreshwa ico kibirmaniya ca kera, ico na co abantu batagitahura bakaba bagenda barongerekana. Ishami ryisunze ico kintu, vuba ryaratanguye guhindura ibisohokayandikiro rikoresheje ikibirmaniya ca misi yose, ico abantu benshi batahura bitagoranye.

Ivyo bisohokayandikiro bishasha ntivyatevye kugira ico bikoze ku bantu. Umuhagarikizi w’Urwego rw’ubuhinduzi, Than Htwe Oo, asigura ati: “Abantu bahora bavuga ngo ‘Ibitabu vyanyu bitunganijwe neza, ariko sinshobora kubitahura.’ Ubu barahimbarwa cane iyo baronse ibinyamakuru, kandi baca batangura kubisoma ubwo nyene. Benshi bavuga bati: ‘Ibi binyamakuru biroroshe gutahura!’” Eka mbere n’amasasanuro atangwa ku makoraniro yararushirije kuba ayumvikana, kuko abavukanyi ubu batahura neza ibiba vyanditse mu bisohokayandikiro vyacu.

Muri kino gihe, Urwego rw’ubuhinduzi rurimwo abahinduzi b’igihe cose 26 bahindura mu ndimi zitatu, ari zo ikibirmaniya, urwitwa Hakha Chin, be n’urwitwa Sgaw Kayin. Ibinyamakuru kandi vyarahinduwe mu zindi ndimi 11 zivugwa aho muri Birmaniya.

Igihuhusi ciswe Nargis

Ku wa 2 Rusama 2008, ca gihuhusi ciswe Nargis, igihuhusi gikomeye cari gifise umuvuduko w’ibilometero 240 kw’isaha carateye muri Birmaniya, gisiga abantu ari imihindigiti n’ibintu ari umusaka kuva kuri delta ya Ayeyarwady gushika ku rubibe Birmaniya ihana na Tayilande. Abantu barenga imiliyoni zibiri barashikiwe n’ico gihuhusi kandi abapfuye n’abo babuze irengero ryabo bagera ku 140.000.

Ivyabona vya Yehova ibihumbi barashikiwe n’ico gihuhusi, ariko igitangaje nta n’umwe yagize ico aba. Benshi barokotse kubera bahungiye mu Ngoro z’Ubwami zabo zaheruka kwubakwa. I Bothingone, ico kikaba ari ikigwati kiri ku nkengera ya delta ya Ayeyarwady rushamikira mu kwisuka mu kiyaga, Ivyabona 20 be n’abandi bantu 80 bo muri ico kigwati bamaze amasaha icenda bicaye mu gisenge c’Ingoro y’Ubwami mu gihe amazi yaguma asegenyuka yuzura gushika hafi y’igisenge, mu nyuma aragabanuka.

Ibiro vy’ishami vyaciye ubwo nyene birungika umugwi ujejwe gutabara mu karere kari kasinzikaye kuruta utundi ko kw’isonga rya delta ya rwa ruzi Ayeyarwady. Uwo mugwi umaze guca mu karere k’umusaka kari kuzuyemwo imivyimba, wahavuye ushika muri ico kigwati ujanye ibifungurwa, amazi be n’imiti. Ni wo mugwi w’abantu bajejwe gutabara watanguye gushika muri ako karere. Uwo mugwi umaze guha imfashanyo abo bavukanyi na bashiki bacu, waciye ubaremesha mu kubashikiriza insiguro zishingiye ku Vyanditswe wongera urabaha Bibiliya n’ibisohokayandikiro bishingiye kuri yo kubera ko ibintu vyabo vyose vyari vyarakukumuwe n’ico gihuhusi.

Kugira ngo ibiro vy’ishami bihagarikire ico gikorwa amahero co gutabara, vyarashinze Amakomite yo gutabara i Rangoun n’i Pathein. Ayo makomite yaratunganije abantu bakora bavyishakiye amajana kugira bahe abo bari bashikiwe n’ico gihuhusi amazi, umuceri be n’ibindi bintu vya nkenerwa. Baratunganije kandi imigwi yaza iragenda yubaka inzu z’abavukanyi zari zarononekaye canke zarasambuwe n’ico gihuhusi.

Umwe muri abo bitanga bavyishakiye, Tobias Lund, yigana ibi: “Twe n’umukenyezi wanje Sofia twarabonye umwigeme w’imyaka 16 yitwa May Sin Oo, akaba ari we wenyene yizera mu muryango iwabo; yari yanikiye Bibiliya yiwe ku zuba hamwe n’ibindi bintu vyo mu nzu yabo vyari vyononekaye. Igihe yatubona yaramwenyuye, mugabo amosozi yariko arashororoka ku matama. Bidatevye, abo muri umwe muri ya migwi yacu y’ubwubatsi barashitse bambaye mwene vya bikofero vy’abubatsi, bafise ivyuma bikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba be n’ibikoresho vyo kwubaka baca batangura kwubakira uwo muryango inzu nshasha iteye igomwe. Ababanyi babo baratangaye! Abantu baramaze imisi baguma baja kuraba iyo nzu yariko irubakwa, iyahavuye iba iya mbere nziza muri ako karere. Abayitegereza bavuze bati: ‘Ntitwari bwigere tubona ibintu nk’ibi! Ishirahamwe ryanyu rirunze ubumwe kandi rirakundana. Na twebwe turipfuza kuba Ivyabona vya Yehova.’ Abavyeyi ba May Sin Oo hamwe n’abo bivukana ubu baritaba amakoraniro, kandi uwo muryango wose uriko uratera imbere neza mu vy’impwemu.”

Ico gikorwa co gutabara carabandanije mu mezi nk’angahe. Abavukanyi baratanze amatoni atari make y’ibintu vya nkenerwa, bongera barasanura canke barubaka inzu 160 n’Ingoro z’Ubwami 8. Ico gihuhusi ciswe Nargis carateye ingorane muri Birmaniya, ariko caratumye higaragaza ikindi kintu c’agaciro, ico na co kikaba ari urukundo rutuma abasavyi b’Imana bunga ubumwe rugatuma kandi izina rya Yehova rininahazwa.

Ikintu c’intibagirwa

Mu ntango za 2007, ibiro vy’ishami vyo muri Birmaniya vyararonse ikete riteye umunezero. Jon Sharp, uno n’umukenyezi wiwe Janet bakaba bari bashitse kuri iryo shami mu mwaka w’imbere yaho, avuga ati: “Inama Nyobozi yaradusavye gutunganya ihwaniro mpuzamakungu i Rangoun. Iryo hwaniro, iryobaye mu 2009, ryokwitabwe n’abantu amajana bavuye mu bihugu cumi bitandukanye, ico kikaba cari ikintu kitari bwigere kiba muri kahise k’ishami ryacu!”

Jon abandanya ati: “Twaribajije ibibazo bitari bike, duti: ‘Ni inyubakwa iyihe izokwiramwo abo bantu bose? Abamamaji bo mu turere twa kure boba bazokwitaba iryo hwaniro? Bazoshikira he? Bazokwiyunguruza gute? Boba bazoshobora kugaburira imiryango yabo? Kandi, bite ho ku bategetsi bo muri Birmaniya? Boba bazokwemera ko tugira iryo hwaniro?’ Wamengo hari intambamyi zitagira igitigiri. Naho vyari ukwo, twaributse ya majambo ya Yezu agira ati: ‘Ibidashoboka ku bantu birashoboka ku Mana.’ (Luka 18:27) Ku bw’ivyo, twarizigiye Imana, duca turatangura gutegura iryo hwaniro hakiri kare.

“Twaciye turonka ikibanza cokwirwamwo abo bantu bose, ikaba yari inyubakwa iri mu kibuga c’inkino ca Birmaniya yakira abantu 11.000 irimwo mwene vya vyuma bitanga ubukanye, hafi yo mu gisagara hagati. Ubwo nyene, twaciye dusaba abategetsi ko twokoresha ico kibanza. Ariko haraciye amezi tutaremererwa, mbere hasigaye amayinga nk’angahe ngo iryo hwaniro ribe. Twahavuye turonka inkuru y’agacavutu: Uwujejwe ico kibuga yari yarashize ku rutonde ihiganwa ry’abantu baterana ibipfunsi n’imigere ryobereye muri ico kibuga kuri ya matariki nyene y’ihwaniro! Kubera ko ata mwanya wo kurondera ahandi hantu twari dufise, tubigiranye ukwihangana twaraganiriye akatari gake n’uwari ahagarikiye iryo higanwa hamwe n’abategetsi batari bake tubasaba gutorera umuti ico kibazo. Amaherezo, uwo yari ahagarikiye iryo higanwa yaremeye ko yoryungururiza ku yandi matariki ariko igihe gusa abahiganwa 16 bokwemera guhindura. Igihe abo bahiganwa bamenya ko Ivyabona vya Yehova bari bakeneye ico kibanza ku bw’ihwaniro ridasanzwe, umwe wese muri bo yaremeye guhindura.”

Kyaw Win, uwundi muvukanyi ari muri Komite y’ishami avuga ati: “Yamara, twari tugikeneye uruhusha rwo muri Leta rutwemerera gukoresha ico kibuga, kandi bari bamaze kutwankira incuro zine! Tumaze gusenga Yehova, twarabonanye n’umujenerali yagenzura ibibuga vy’inkino vyose vyo muri Birmaniya. Aho hari hasigaye gusa amayinga abiri kugira ngo ihwaniro ritangure kandi ryari ryo rya mbere tuyaze n’umutegetsi akomeye gutyo. Twarahimbawe cane no kubona yaratwemereye!”

Abantu ibihumbi bo muri Birmaniya no mu bindi bihugu bariko baraza i Rangoun n’indege, igariyamoshi, ubwato, amabisi, amakamyo be n’amaguru, ariko batazi ivyariko biraba. Imiryango myinshi yo muri Birmaniya yari imaze amezi iziganya amahera kugira yitabe iryo hwaniro. Abavukanyi benshi bararima, abandi bakorora ingurube, bamwebamwe bagashona impuzu, bakeyi na bo bakarondera inzahabu mu nzuzi. Benshi ntibari bwigere bahonyoza ikirenge mu gisagara kinini canke ngo babone umuntu wo mu kindi gihugu.

Abantu barenga 1.300 bari baje bava mu buraruko bwa Birmaniya barahuriye ku gituro c’amagariyamoshi c’i Mandalay baje kwurira igariyamoshi idasanzwe yari yagenewe kubatwara i Rangoun. Umugwi umwe w’abantu bavuye mu karere kagizwe n’imisozi ka Naga bari bagize urugendo rw’imisi itandatu, bahetse abamamaji babiri, abo udukinga twabo tw’abamugaye bari baradendekeranije twari twononekariye mu nzira. Abantu amajana baragandagaje ku gituro c’amagariyamoshi, baganira, batwenga bongera baririmba indirimbo z’Ubwami. Pum Cin Khai, umuvukanyi yafasha mu vyo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, avuga ati: “Bose bari bahimbawe. Twarabaronkeje ibifungurwa, amazi be n’ibintu vyo kuryamako. Igihe igariyamoshi yateba igashika, abakurambere barafashije umugwi wose kwinjira mu gice c’igariyamoshi bari bateguriwe. Amaherezo, harumvikanye ijwi ry’uwavugira muri mikoro rivuga riti: ‘Igariyamoshi y’Ivyabona vya Yehova irahagurutse!’ Nararavye ko ata we dusize kandi narumvise mpimbawe no gutangura urwo rugendo!”

Muri ico gihe nyene, i Rangoun abantu hafi 700 bo mu bindi bihugu bari bamaze gushika mu mahoteli bararamwo. None abantu barenga 3.000 b’Abanyabirmaniya bari gushikira he? Myint Lwin, umuvukanyi yakora mu Rwego rujejwe uburaro avuga ati: “Yehova yaruguruye imitima y’Ivyabona b’i Rangoun kugira ngo bitwararike abavukanyi babo. Hari imiryango yahaye indaro abantu bashika 15. Bararishe amahera yo kubandikisha mu bategetsi kandi buri musi babaronsa abo bashitsi babo udufungurwa two mu gitondo be n’uburyo bwo kwiyunguruza baja bongera bava kw’ihwaniro. Abandi benshi barara ku Ngoro z’Ubwami; abandi amajana barara mw’ihinguriro rimwe rinini. Naho hari hagizwe utwo twigoro twose, abandi bantu nka 500 ntibari bwaronke indaro. Twarasiguriye abari bajejwe ico kibuga iyo ngorane yacu, kandi baremeye ko abo bashitsi barara muri ico kibuga, ico kikaba cari ikintu kitari bwigere kiba!”

Kubera ko ico kibuga kitari kimeze neza, abakora bavyishakiye barenga 350 baramaze imisi cumi bategura ico kibanza ku bw’iryo hwaniro. Htay Win, uwari umuhagarikizi w’ihwaniro, avuga ati: “Twarasubiyemwo ibijanye n’amazi, umuyagankuba be n’ivyuma bitanga ubukanye twongera turasiga irangi turasukura n’ico kibanza cose. Ico gikorwa amahero carashinze intahe nziza. Intwazangabo yari ijejwe ico kibuga yavuze itangaye iti: ‘Turabashimiye cane! Nsenga nsaba Imana ko mwoza murakoresha iki kibuga buri mwaka!’ ”

Abantu barenga 5.000 ni bo bitavye iryo hwaniro, iryabaye kuva kw’igenekerezo rya 3 gushika ku rya 6 Kigarama 2009. Ku musi wa nyuma, abashitsi benshi bari bambaye imyambaro kavukire, ivyo bica bituma muri ico kibanza hasharizwa amabara. Mushiki wacu umwe yavuze ati: “Bose bariko bararwana mu nda bongera barira, mbere n’imbere y’uko porogarama yo kuri uwo musi itangura!” Gerrit Lösch wo mu Nama Nyobozi ahejeje gutura isengesho ryo gusozera, abari aho baramaze iminuta itari mike bariko barakoma amashi bongera bapeperana. Mushiki wacu umwe w’imyaka 86 araserura inyiyumvo benshi bagize, ati: “Numvise umengo ndi mw’isi nshasha!”

Abategetsi ba Leta batari bake na bo nyene baratangaye. Umwe yavuze ati: “Iki gikorane kiratandukanye n’ibindi. Nta n’umwe ariko aratukana, nta wutumura itabi, eka nta n’uwunywa ubugoro. Abantu bo mu bwoko butandukanye barunze ubumwe. Sinari bwigere mbona abantu nk’aba!” Maurice Raj yigana ati: “Mbere n’umukomanda mukuru w’i Rangoun yatubwiye ko we n’abo bakorana batari bwigere babona ikintu nk’ico gitangaje.”

Abashitsi batari bake bariyemereye ko biboneye ikintu kidasanzwe. Umuvukanyi w’umusangwa yavuze ati: “Imbere y’iryo hwaniro, ivy’umuryango wacu ukwiye kw’isi yose twavyumva ku matwi gusa. Ubu hoho twaravyiboneye! Ntituzokwibagira urukundo abavukanyi batugaragarije.”

“Igeze kwimbura”

Haraciye hafi imyaka 2.000 Yezu abwiye abigishwa biwe ati: “Raramure amaso yanyu murabe imirima: ireze, igeze kwimbura.” (Yoh. 4:35) Ubu, ayo majambo arashobora kuvugwa kuri Birmaniya. Muri iki gihe, mu gihugu cose hari abamamaji 3.790, umwamamaji umwe akaba abwirizwa kubwira inkuru nziza abantu barenga 15.931, uwo vy’ukuri ukaba ari umurima munini ugeze kwimburwa! Kandi dufatiye ku bantu 8.005 bitavye Icibutso mu 2012, hariho icizigiro kinini c’iterambere!

Ushaka ibindi bimenyamenya, rimbura ivyerekeye Leta ya Rakhine, akarere gahana urubibe na Bangladesh karimwo abantu hafi imiliyoni zine ariko hakaba ata Cabona ca Yehova n’umwe ari yo. Maurice Raj avuga ati: “Buri kwezi turaronka amakete menshi avuye ku bantu bo muri ako karere badusaba ibitabu be n’uko twobafasha gutahura Bibiliya. N’ikindi kandi, ababuda bashimishwa n’ukuri muri Birmaniya baguma bongerekana, na canecane urwaruka. Ku bw’ivyo, tuguma dusaba Umukuru w’iyimbura kurungika abandi bakozi mw’iyimbura.”—Mat. 9:37, 38.

Mu myaka hafi 100 iheze, abatsimvyi babiri b’intatinyurukamvye barajanye inkuru nziza muri ico gihugu kigizwe ahanini n’ababuda. Kuva ico gihe, abantu ibihumbi bo mu moko atandukanye baremeye gushigikira ukuri. Naho habaye indyane zikaze, imigumuko y’ivya politike, ubukene butagira izina, uruhamo rushingiye kw’idini, ihagarikwa ry’imigenderanire n’ibindi bihugu hamwe n’ivyago vy’ivyaduka, Ivyabona vya Yehova bo muri Birmaniya barerekanye ko bafise ukwihebera Yehova Imana n’Umwana wiwe Yezu Kristu gukomeye cane. Bagumanye umwiyemezo wabo wo kwamamaza inkuru nziza y’Ubwami be no ku ‘kwihangana bimwe bishitse bongera biyumanganya banezerewe.’—Kol. 1:11.