Ukwizera n’Imibereho Yawe yo mu Gihe Kizaza

“Kwizera ni ukumenya rwose ibyiringirwa, udashidikanya ko bitazaba.”​—ABAHEBURAYO 11:1.

1. Abantu benshi bifuza kugira imibereho yo mu gihe kizaza imeze ite?

MBESE, ushishikazwa n’igihe kizaza? Ibyo ni ko bimeze ku bantu benshi. Icyo biringira, ni igihe kizaza cy’amahoro, kitarangwa n’ubwoba, kubaho mu mimerere imeze neza, kugira umurimo uzana inyungu kandi ushimishije, amagara mazima n’ubuzima burambye. Nta gushidikanya, abantu bose babayeho mu mateka bagiye bifuza ibyo bintu. Kandi muri iki gihe, muri iyi si yuzuye imivurungano bene aka kageni, iyo mimerere irifuzwa cyane kurusha ikindi gihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

2. Ni gute umutegetsi umwe yavuze igitekerezo cye gihereranye n’igihe kizaza?

² Uko abantu bagenda begereza ikinyejana cya 21, mbese, haba hari uburyo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo kumenya uko igihe kizaza kizaba giteye? Hari uburyo bumwe bwavuzwe n’umutegetsi w’Umunyamerika witwaga Patrick Henry, ubu hakaba hashize imyaka isaga 200. Yagize ati “nta buryo nzi bwo kumenya uko ibintu bizaba bimeze mu gihe kizaza, keretse ndebeye ku byabayeho mu gihe cyashize.” Dushingiye kuri icyo gitekerezo, imibereho y’igihe kizaza y’umuryango wa kimuntu, ishobora kumenyekanishwa mu buryo burambuye cyane n’ibyo abantu bakoze mu gihe cyahise. Benshi bemeranya n’icyo gitekerezo.

Ni Gute Igihe Cyahise Cyari Kimeze?

3. Amateka yagaragaje iki ku birebana n’ibyo abantu biringiraga kugeraho mu gihe kizaza?

³ Niba igihe kizaza kizaba kimeze nk’icyahise, mbese, ibyo ubona biteye inkunga? Mbese, imibereho y’abantu babayeho uko ibihe byagendaga bihita, yaba yaragendaga irushaho kuba myiza? Si ko byagenze rwose. N’ubwo abantu bamaze imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi bafite ibyiringiro, kandi hakaba harabayeho amajyambere mu by’ubukungu ahantu hamwe na hamwe, amateka yaranzwe n’ibikorwa byo gukandamiza, ubugizi bwa nabi, urugomo, intambara n’ubukene. Iyi si yaranzwe n’uruhererekane rw’ibyago, cyane cyane bitewe n’ubutegetsi bw’abantu butanyurwa. Bibiliya yabivuze ukuri igira iti “umuntu agira ububasha ku wundi bwo kumugirira nabi.”​—Umubwiriza 8:9.

4, 5. (a) Kuki abantu barangwaga n’icyizere mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20? (b) Ni gute byagendekeye ibyiringiro byabo by’igihe kizaza?

⁴ Ikintu cy’ukuri, ni uko amateka mabi y’abantu akomeza kuba ya yandi—uretse ko biba mu rugero runini kandi bikonona cyane kurushaho. Iki kinyejana cya 20, ni igihamya cy’ibyo. Mbese, abantu baba baravanye isomo ku makosa yakozwe mu gihe cyahise, maze bakayirinda? Mu ntangiriro z’iki kinyejana, abantu benshi biringiye kuzabona imibereho y’igihe kizaza irushaho kuba myiza, bitewe n’uko habayeho igihe kirekire cy’amahoro ugereranyije, kandi abantu bakaba barageze ku bikorwa by’amajyambere mu by’inganda, mu bya siyansi no mu by’uburezi. Umwarimu umwe wo muri kaminuza yavuze ko mu ntangiriro z’imyaka ya 1900, abantu bibwiraga ko nta ntambara zashoboraga kongera kubaho, bitewe n’uko “abantu bateye imbere cyane mu bihereranye n’isanzuramuco.” Uwahoze ari minisitiri w’intebe w’Ubwongereza, yerekeje ku kuntu abantu babonaga ibintu muri icyo gihe, agira ati “ibintu byose byagendaga birushaho kuba byiza. Iyo ni yo si navukiyemo.” Ariko kandi, yaje kuvuga ati “mu buryo butunguranye kandi butitezwe, mu gitondo kimwe cyo mu mwaka wa 1914, ibintu byose byararangiye.”

⁵ N’ubwo icyo gihe abantu benshi bizeraga ko imibereho yo mu gihe kizaza yari kurushaho kuba myiza, ubwo ikinyejana gishya cyari kikimara gutangira, isi yahise iyogozwa n’akaga kabi karuta akandi kose katewe n’abantu​—ni ukuvuga, Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose. Dufashe urugero rumwe rw’imiterere yayo, reka dusuzume ibyabayeho mu mwaka wa 1916, mu mirwano imwe igihe ingabo z’Abongereza zateraga mu birindiro by’ingabo z’Abadage, hafi y’Uruzi rwa Somme mu Bufaransa. Mu munsi umwe gusa, Ubwongereza bwatakaje abantu bagera ku 20.000, kandi hari benshi bishwe ku ruhande rw’Abadage. Ubwo bwicanyi bwamaze imyaka ine, bwahitanye abasirikare bagera hafi kuri miriyoni icumi hamwe n’abasivili benshi. Abaturage bo mu Bufaransa babanje kwanga kurwana bitewe n’abo bantu benshi bari bapfuye. Ubukungu bwarahazahariye, bikaba byaratumye habaho Kugwa Gukomeye k’Ubukungu ku isi hose, mu myaka ya za 30. Ntibitangaje rero kuba bamwe baravuze ko umunsi Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose yarotaga, ari wo munsi isi yatangiye gusara!

6. Mbese, imibereho yarushijeho kuba myiza nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose?

⁶ Mbese, icyo ni cyo gihe kizaza abantu bo muri icyo gihe biringiraga? Ashwi da! Ibyiringiro byabo byarayoyotse; ndetse, ibyo byose nta cyo byagezeho kirushijeho kuba cyiza. Imyaka 21 gusa nyuma y’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, ni ukuvuga mu mwaka wa 1939, habayeho akaga gakomeye kurushaho katewe n’abantu​—ni ukuvuga Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose. Yahitanye abagabo, abagore n’abana bagera hafi kuri miriyoni 50. Ibikorwa byo gusuka za bombe, byarimbuye imijyi. Mu Ntambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, abasirikare babarirwa mu bihumbi bishwe mu gihe cy’amasaha y’imirwano, naho mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, za bombe za kirimbuzi ebyiri gusa, zatikije ubuzima bw’abantu basaga 100.000 mu masegonda gusa. Icyo benshi babona ndetse ko kirushijeho kuba kibi, ni ubwicanyi buteguwe bwakorewe abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni, bari mu bigo byakoranyirizwagamo imfungwa by’ishyaka rya Nazi.

7. Ni ibihe bintu by’ukuri byabayeho muri iki kinyejana cyose uko cyakabaye?

⁷ Amakuru menshi avuga ko turamutse tubariyemo intambara zishyamiranya amahanga, izishyamiranya abenegihugu, hamwe n’abaturage bapfa bishwe n’ubutegetsi bwabo, umubare w’abishwe muri iki kinyejana wagera hafi kuri miriyoni 200. Ndetse hari n’igitabo kimwe cyavuze ko bagera kuri miriyoni 360. Tekereza ububi bukomeye bw’ibyo byose​—imibabaro, amarira, agahinda n’ubuzima bwahatikiriye! Byongeye kandi, abantu babarirwa mu 40.000 ukoze mwayeni, abenshi bakaba ari abana, bapfa buri munsi bazize impamvu zijyanye n’ubukene. Abakubye uwo mubare incuro eshatu, bicwa no gukuramo amada buri munsi. Nanone kandi, abantu bagera hafi kuri miriyari imwe ni abakene cyane, ku buryo batashobora kubona ibyo kurya bikenewe kugira ngo umuntu acyure umubyizi usanzwe. Iyo mimerere yose, ni igihamya kigaragaza ibyavuzwe mu buhanuzi bwa Bibiliya yuko turi mu “minsi y’imperuka” y’iyi gahunda mbi y’ibintu.​—2 Timoteyo 3:1-5, 13; Matayo 24:3-12; Luka 21:10, 11; Ibyahishuwe 6:3-8.

Abantu Ntibashobora Gukemura Ibibazo

8. Kuki abayobozi b’abantu badashobora gukemura ibibazo by’isi?

⁸ Kubera ko iki kinyejana cya 20 kiri hafi kurangira, dushobora kongera ibintu byakibayemo ku byabaye mu binyejana byashize. Kandi se, ni iki ayo mateka atubwira? Atubwira ko abayobozi ba kimuntu batigeze bakemura ibibazo by’ingutu by’isi, ko ubu batarimo babikemura, kandi ko batazabikemura mu gihe kizaza. N’ubwo baba bafite imigambi myiza, ntibashobora kuduha imibereho y’igihe kizaza twifuza, bitewe n’uko birenze ubushobozi bwabo. Kandi hari abantu bari mu butegetsi badafite iyo migambi myiza; bishakira imyanya n’ububasha ku bw’inyungu zabo zishingiye ku bwikunde no kugira ngo bibonere ibintu, aho kugira ngo bashakire abandi ibyiza.

9. Kuki dufite impamvu ituma dushidikanya ko siyansi yaba yaraboneye umuti ibibazo by’abantu?

⁹ Mbese, siyansi yaba ifite ibisubizo? Si ko biri turebye ibyabaye mu gihe cyahise. Ubutegetsi bw’abantu b’abahanga mu bya siyansi bwakoresheje amafaranga menshi cyane, igihe n’imihati mu gukora intwaro z’ubumara n’izitera abantu za mikorobe zirimbura mu buryo buteye ubwoba, hamwe n’izindi ntwaro z’ubwoko bwinshi. Amahanga, ushyizemo n’akennye cyane, atanga amafaranga asaga miriyari 700 z’amadorari buri mwaka mu bihereranye n’intwaro! Nanone kandi, ‘amajyambere yo mu rwego rwa siyansi’ ahanini ni yo nyirabayazana w’ibyuka by’ubumara byahumanyije ikirere, ubutaka, amazi n’ibiribwa.

10. Kuki uburezi na bwo budashobora kuzana imibereho yo mu gihe kizaza irushaho kuba myiza?

¹⁰ Mbese, dushobora kwiringira ko ibigo by’amashuri by’isi bizatuma habaho igihe kizaza kirushijeho kuba cyiza, binyuriye mu kwigisha amahame mbwirizamuco yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ibyo kwita ku bandi, no gukunda bagenzi bacu? Oya. Ahubwo, byibanda ku bihereranye n’akazi no gushakisha amafaranga. Biteza imbere umwuka wo kurushanwa, aho guteza imbere umwuka w’ubufatanye; nta n’ubwo amashuri yigisha umuco. Ibiri amambu, amenshi muri yo yihanganira ibyo kwishyira ukizana mu bihereranye n’ibitsina, ibyo bikaba ari byo bituma abangavu batwara inda z’indaro n’abandura indwara zandurira mu myanya ndangabitsina barushaho kwiyongera.

11. Ni gute amateka y’ibigo by’ubucuruzi atuma habaho gushidikanya ku bihereranye n’igihe kizaza?

¹¹ Mbese, hari igihe ibigo by’ubucuruzi bikomeye by’isi bizagira bitya bigahita bishishikarira gufata neza umubumbe wacu no kugaragariza abandi urukundo, bikora ibicuruzwa by’ingirakamaro koko, aho kubikora bigamije kwibonera inyungu gusa? Ibyo bisa n’ibidashoboka. Mbese, bizahagarika gukora porogaramu za televiziyo zuzuyemo urugomo n’ubwiyandarike bigira uruhare mu gutuma ibitekerezo by’abantu byononekara, cyane cyane iby’abakiri bato? Mu bihereranye n’ibyo, igihe gishize ntikidutera inkunga na mba, kubera ko ahanini televiziyo yabaye isayo y’ubwiyandarike n’urugomo.

12. Abantu bari mu yihe mimerere, ku birebana n’indwara n’urupfu?

¹² Ikindi kandi, n’aho abaganga bakorana umutima ukunze mu rugero rungana rute, ntibashobora kunesha indwara n’urupfu. Urugero, mu mpera z’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi Yose, bananiwe guhashya icyorezo cy’indwara yitwa grippe espagnole; cyahitanye abantu bagera kuri miriyoni 20 ku isi hose. Muri iki gihe, indwara z’umutima, kanseri n’izindi ndwara zica, zirimo ziraca ibintu. Ndetse nta n’ubwo ubuvuzi bw’isi bwashoboye kurwanya icyorezo cya SIDA cyo muri iki gihe. Ibinyuranye n’ibyo, raporo yashyizwe ahagaragara n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 1997, yavugaga ko urugero virusi ya SIDA yiyongeramo, rukubye incuro ebyiri urwo batekerezaga. Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni bamaze guhitanwa na yo. Mu mwaka wa vuba aha, abandi bagera kuri miriyoni eshatu barayanduye.

Uko Abahamya ba Yehova Babona Ibihereranye n’Igihe Kizaza

13, 14. (a) Ni gute Abahamya ba Yehova babona ibihereranye n’igihe kizaza? (b) Kuki abantu badashobora kuzana imibereho y’igihe kizaza irushaho kuba myiza?

¹³ Ariko kandi, Abahamya ba Yehova bemera ko abantu bafite igihe kizaza gishishikaje, gihebuje! Ariko ntibizera cyangwa ngo biringire ko icyo gihe cyiza kizaza binyuriye ku mihati y’abantu. Ahubwo, bahanga amaso Umuremyi, ari we Yehova Imana. Azi uko igihe kizaza kizaba kimeze, kandi icyo gihe kizaba gihebuje! Nanone kandi, azi ko abantu badashobora kuzana igihe kizaza nk’icyo. Kubera ko ari Imana yabaremye, izi aho ubushobozi bwabo bugarukira kurusha undi muntu uwo ari we wese. Mu Ijambo ryayo, itubwira neza ko itaremanye abantu ubushobozi bwo kwitegeka ngo bigire ingaruka nziza, batayobowe n’Imana. Igihe kirekire Imana yahaye abantu ngo bitegeke batayobowe na yo, cyagaragaje ko rwose abantu badashobora kwitegeka. Hari umwanditsi umwe wemeye agira ati “ubwenge bw’abantu bwagerageje ubutegetsi bushoboka bwose, ariko biba iby’ubusa.”

¹⁴ Muri Yeremiya 10:23, dusoma amagambo y’umuhanuzi wahumekewe agira ati “Uwiteka, nzi ko inzira y’umuntu itaba muri we; ntibiri mu muntu ugenda kwitunganiriza intambwe ze.” Nanone kandi, muri Zaburi 146:3 hagira hati “ntimukiringire abakomeye, cyangwa umwana w’umuntu wese, utabonerwamo agakiza.” Mu by’ukuri, kubera ko twavutse tudatunganye, nk’uko mu Baroma 5:12 habigaragaza, Ijambo ry’Imana riduha umuburo w’uko tutagomba no kwiyiringira twe ubwacu. Muri Yeremiya 17:9, hagira hati “umutima w’umuntu urusha ibintu byose gushukana.” Ni yo mpamvu mu Migani 28:26, havuga hati “uwiringira umutima we ubwawo ni umupfapfa; ariko ugendera mu bwenge azakizwa.”

15. Ni hehe dushobora kubona ubwenge bwatuyobora?

¹⁵ Ni hehe dushobora kubona ubwo bwenge? “Kūbaha Uwiteka ni ishingiro ry’ubwenge; kandi kumenya Uwera ni ubuhanga” (Imigani 9:10). Yehova ni we wenyine ufite ubwenge bushobora kutuyobora muri ibi bihe biteye ubwoba. Kandi yaduhaye uburyo bwo kugera ku bwenge bwe, binyuriye ku Byanditswe Byera yahumetse kugira ngo bituyobore.​—Imigani 2:1-9; 3:1-6; 2 Timoteyo 3:16, 17.

Igihe Kizaza cy’Ubutegetsi bw’Abantu

16. Ni nde wagennye iby’igihe kizaza?

¹⁶ Noneho se, ni iki Ijambo ry’Imana ritubwira ku bihereranye n’igihe kizaza? Ritubwira ko rwose ibizabaho mu gihe kizaza bitazaba bimeze nk’ibyo abantu bakoze mu gihe cyahise. Ubwo rero, igitekerezo cya Patrick Henry cyari ikinyoma. Igihe kizaza cy’iyi si n’icy’abantu bayiriho, ntikizagenwa n’abantu, ahubwo kizagenwa na Yehova Imana. Ibyo ashaka ni byo bigiye kuzakorwa ku isi, aho kuba ibyo abantu abo ari bo bose bashaka cyangwa ibyo amahanga y’iyi si ashaka. “Mu mutima w’umuntu habamo imigambi myinshi; ariko inama y’Uwiteka ni yo ihoraho.”​—Imigani 19:21.

17, 18. Ni uwuhe mugambi w’Imana ku birebana n’iki gihe?

¹⁷ Ni uwuhe mugambi w’Imana ku bihereranye n’iki gihe? Yagambiriye kuvanaho iyi gahunda y’ibintu irangwa n’urugomo n’ubwiyandarike. Vuba aha, imitegekere mibi y’abantu imaze ibinyejana byinshi, izasimbuzwa ubutegetsi bwashyizweho n’Imana. Ubuhanuzi buboneka muri Daniyeli 2:44, bugira buti “ku ngoma z’abo bami [bariho muri iki gihe], Imana yo mu ijuru izimika ubundi bwami [mu ijuru], butazarimbuka iteka ryose; kandi ubutware bwabwo ntibuzazungurwa n’irindi shyanga; ahubwo buzamenagura ubwo bwami bwose bukabutsembaho; kandi buzahoraho iteka ryose.” Nanone kandi, ubwo Bwami buzavanaho ingaruka mbi ziterwa na Satani Diyabule, icyo kikaba ari ikintu abantu batari kuzigera na rimwe bashobora gukora. Ubutegetsi bwe bw’iyi si, buzavaho burundu.​—Abaroma 16:20; 2 Abakorinto 4:4; 1 Yohana 5:19.

¹⁸ Zirikana ko ubutegetsi bwo mu ijuru buzamenagura ubutegetsi bwose bwa kimuntu buriho, bubutsembeho. Gutegeka iyi si ntibizongera kurekerwa mu maboko y’abantu. Mu ijuru, abagize Ubwami bw’Imana bazagenzura ibintu byose byo ku isi kugira ngo abantu bamererwe neza (Ibyahishuwe 5:10; 20:4-6). Ku isi, abantu bizerwa bazakurikiza ubuyobozi bw’Ubwami bw’Imana. Ubwo ni bwo butegetsi Yesu yatwigishije gusaba mu isengesho, igihe yavugaga ati “Ubwami bwawe buze, ibyo ushaka bibeho mu isi, nk’uko biba mu ijuru.”​—Matayo 6:10.

19, 20. (a) Ni gute Bibiliya ivuga ibyerekeranye na gahunda y’Ubwami? (b)Ubutegetsi bwabwo buzakorera iki abantu?

¹⁹ Abahamya ba Yehova bizera Ubwami bw’Imana. Ni ryo ‘juru rishya’ intumwa Petero yerekejeho, ubwo yandikaga igira iti “dutegereje ijuru rishya n’isi nshya, ibyo gukiranuka kuzabamo” (2 Petero 3:13). “Isi nshya,” ni umuryango mushya w’abantu uzategekwa n’ “ijuru rishya,” ari bwo Bwami bw’Imana. Uwo ni wo mugambi Imana yahishuriye intumwa Yohana mu iyerekwa, ikaba yaranditse igira iti “mbona ijuru rishya n’isi nshya: kuko ijuru rya mbere n’isi ya mbere byari byashize . . . [Imana] izahanagura amarira yose ku maso yabo, kandi urupfu ntiruzabaho ukundi, kandi umuborogo cyangwa gutaka cyangwa kuribwa ntibizabaho ukundi: kuko ibya mbere bishize.”​—Ibyahishuwe 21:1, 4.

²⁰ Zirikana ko isi nshya izaba ari isi ikiranuka. Ibintu byose bikiranirwa, bizaba byarakuweho n’igikorwa cy’Imana, ari yo ntambara ya Harimagedoni (Ibyahishuwe 16:14, 16). Ubuhanuzi bwo mu Migani 2:21, 22, bubivuga muri aya magambo ngo “abakiranutsi bazatura mu isi, kandi intungane zizahaguma; ariko inkozi z’ibibi zizacibwa mu isi. Kandi abariganya bazayirandurwamo.” Kandi muri Zaburi 37:9, hasezeranya hagira hati “abakora ibyaha bazarimburwa; ariko abategereza Uwiteka ni bo bazaragwa igihugu.” Mbese, ntiwakwishimira kuzaba muri iyo si nshya?

Izere Amasezerano ya Yehova

21. Kuki dushobora kwizera amasezerano ya Yehova?

²¹ Mbese, dushobora kwizera amasezerano ya Yehova? Umva ibyo yavuze binyuriye ku muhanuzi we Yesaya, ati “mwibuke ibyabanje kubaho kera; kuko ari jye Mana, nta yindi ibaho. Ni jye Mana; nta yindi duhwanye. Mpera mu itangiriro nkavuga iherezo, mpera no mu bihe bya kera nkavuga ibitarakorwa; nkavuga nti ‘imigambi yanjye izakomera, kandi ibyo nzashaka byose nzabikora.’ ” Agace ka nyuma k’umurongo wa 11 kagira kati “narabivuze; no kubisohoza nzabisohoza; narabigambiriye; no kubikora nzabikora” (Yesaya 46:9-11). Ni koko, dushobora kwizera Yehova n’amasezerano ye, tukayabona nk’aho yamaze gusohora rwose. Bibiliya ibivuga muri aya magambo ngo “kwizera ni ukumenya rwose ibyiringirwa, udashidikanya ko bitazaba, kandi ni ko kuduhamiriza ibyo tutareba ko ari iby’ukuri.”​—Abaheburayo 11:1.

22. Kuki twagira icyizere cy’uko Yehova azasohoza amasezerano ye?

²² Abantu bicisha bugufi bagira uko kwizera, bitewe n’uko bazi ko Imana izasohoza amasezerano yayo. Urugero, muri Zaburi 37:29, dusoma ngo “abakiranutsi bazaragwa igihugu, bakibemo iteka.” Mbese, ibyo dushobora kubyizera? Yego rwose, kubera ko mu Baheburayo 6:18, hagira hati ‘Imana ntibasha kubeshya.’ Mbese, Imana ni yo nyir’isi, ku buryo yayiha abantu bicisha bugufi? Mu Byahishuwe 4:11 hagira hati “[ni] wowe waremye byose. Igituma biriho, kandi icyatumye biremwa, ni uko wabishatse.” Ni yo mpamvu muri Zaburi 24:1, hagira hati “isi n’ibiyuzuye ni iby’Uwiteka.” Yehova ni we waremye isi, ni we nyirayo, kandi azayiha abamwizera. Igice gikurikira kizatuma turushaho kubyizera, kitwereka ukuntu Yehova yasohoje ibyo yasezeranyije ubwoko bwe mu bihe byahise kimwe no muri iki gihe, n’impamvu twagira icyizere kidakuka cy’uko azabikora mu gihe kizaza.

Ingingo z’Isubiramo

◻ Ni gute byagendekeye ibyiringiro by’abantu mu gihe cyose cy’amateka?

◻ Kuki tutagombye guhanga abantu amaso ku bihereranye no kugira imibereho myiza kurushaho mu gihe kizaza?

◻ Ni uwuhe mugambi w’Imana ku birebana n’igihe kizaza?

◻ Kuki dufite icyizere cy’uko Imana izasohoza amasezerano yayo?

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 10 yavuye]

Mu buryo buhuje n’ukuri, Bibiliya igira iti “ntibiri mu muntu . . . kwitunganiriza intambwe ze.”​—Yeremiya 10:23

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

Bombe: ifoto yatanzwe na U.S. National Archives; abana bazahajwe n’inzara: OMS/OXFAM; impunzi: UN PHOTO 186763/J. Isaac; Mussolini na Hitileri: ifoto yatanzwe na U.S. National Archives