Dariyo​—Umwami Warangwaga n’Ubutabera

UMWAMI w’ikirangirire yigeze kwirata avuga ibihereranye n’imishinga ye y’ubwubatsi, agira ati “ku rubibi rwa Babuloni, niyubakiye uruzitiro rw’urukuta rw’umutamenwa mu ruhande rw’iburasirazuba. Nahacukuye umugende munini w’amazi . . . nubakishije ibumba n’amatafari urukuta runini rw’umutamenwa rumeze nk’umusozi, rudashobora gukurwaho.” Koko rero, Umwami Nebukadinezari w’i Babuloni yari yaratangiye gahunda yagutse y’imirimo y’ubwubatsi, kandi yari yarakoranye imihati kugira ngo agoteshe ibihome umurwa mukuru w’ubwami bwe. Ariko kandi, byaje kugaragara ko umujyi wa Babuloni utari umutamenwa nk’uko yabitekerezaga.

Igihamya cy’ibyo cyagaragaye ku itariki ya 5 Ukwakira 539 M.I.C. Icyo gihe, umutware Kuro II w’Umuperesi wari kumwe n’ingabo z’Abamedi yigaruriye Babuloni, kandi yica umutware wayo w’Umukaludaya, Belushazari. None se, icyo gihe ni nde wari kuba umutware wa mbere w’uwo mujyi wari umaze gufatwa? Umuhanuzi w’Imana Daniyeli wari muri uwo mujyi ubwo wafatwaga, yanditse agira ati “ubwo bwami buhabwa Dariyo w’Umumedi, yari amaze nk’imyaka mirongo itandatu n’ibiri avutse.”​—Daniyeli 5:30; 6:1 (5:31 muri Biblia Yera.)

Dariyo yari muntu ki? Yabaye umutegetsi uteye ate? Ni gute yafashe umuhanuzi Daniyeli, wari umaze imyaka isaga 70 ari mu bunyage i Babuloni?

Umwami Ufite Amateka Atuzuye

Ibintu bizwi mu mateka ahereranye na Dariyo w’Umumedi, ntibyuzuye. Abamedi basa n’aho rwose nta nkuru zanditse basize. Byongeye kandi, ibibumbano bigera ku bihumbi bibarirwa mu magana biriho inyandiko zimeze nk’udusumari, byataburuwe mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, bitanga amateka atuzuye kandi arimo ibyuho byinshi. Izindi nyandiko za kera zikiriho ni nkeya, kandi hagati y’igihe ibintu zivuga byabereye n’igihe ibintu byo ku bwa Dariyo byabereye, hahise ikinyejana kimwe cyangwa byinshi.

Icyakora, hari ibihamya bigaragaza ko Abamedi bayobotse umutware w’Umuperesi Kuro II amaze gufata umujyi w’Akimeta, umurwa mukuru w’Abamedi. Nyuma y’aho, Abamedi n’Abaperesi barwaniraga hamwe ari we ubayoboye. Umwanditsi witwa Robert Collins, yerekeje ku mishyikirano yabo mu gitabo cye yise The Medes and Persians, agira ati “mu gihe cy’amahoro, wasangaga Abamedi n’Abaperesi nta ho batandukaniye. Incuro nyinshi bahabwaga imyanya yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu butegetsi bwite bwa leta, hamwe n’imyanya y’ubuyobozi mu ngabo z’Ubuperesi. Abanyamahanga bavugaga ku birebana n’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, badashyira itandukaniro hagati y’abatsinzwe n’abatsinze.” Bityo rero, Ubumedi bwifatanyije n’Ubuperesi buhinduka Ubwami bumwe bw’Abamedi n’Abaperesi.​—Daniyeli 5:28; 8:3, 4, 20.

Nta gushidikanya, Abamedi bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guhirika Babuloni. Ibyanditswe bivuga ko “Dariyo mwene Ahasuwerusi wo mu rubyaro rw’Abamedi,” ari we wabaye Umwami wa mbere w’Ubwami bw’Abamedi n’Abaperesi, icyo gihe bukaba bwaranategekaga Babuloni (Daniyeli 9:1). Ubutware bwe bwa cyami, bwari bunakubiyemo ububasha bwo gushyiraho amategeko “nk’uko amategeko y’Abamedi n’Abaperesi atavuguruzwa.” (Daniyeli 6:9, umurongo wa 8 muri Biblia Yera.) Nanone kandi, ibyo Bibiliya ivuga kuri Dariyo biduha umusogongero ku bihereranye na kamere ye hamwe n’impamvu yatumye nta makuru atari ayo mu rwego rw’idini ahereranye na we aboneka.

Daniyeli Atoneshwa

Bibiliya ivuga ko hashize igihe gito Dariyo agiye ku butegetsi i Babuloni, yashyizeho “abatware b’intebe [ijana na makumyabiri,] ngo bakwire igihugu cyose. Kandi abaha n’abatware bakuru batatu, umwe muri bo yari Daniyeli.” (Daniyeli 6:2, 3, umurongo wa 1 n’uwa 2 muri Biblia Yera.) Ariko kandi, kuba Daniyeli yari afite umwanya wo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ntibyashimishaga abandi batware. Nta gushidikanya, kuba yari inyangamugayo byatumaga batabona uko barya ruswa, bikaba bishobora kuba byaratumye bamurwara inzika. Nanone kandi, abatware bakuru bagomba kuba bari bafite ishyari, kubera ko umwami yatoneshaga Daniyeli kandi akaba yarashakaga kumugira minisitiri w’intebe.

Abatware bakuru babiri n’abatware b’intebe bahimbye itegeko ririmo umutego, biringiye ko bagiye kurangiza iyo mimerere. Basanze umwami, maze bamuha iteka ngo arishyireho umukono, rikaba ryarabuzaga umuntu kuzagira “icyo asaba imana yose cyangwa umuntu wese” utari Dariyo mu gihe cy’iminsi 30. Basabye ko umuntu wese utazaryubahiriza yazajugunywa mu rwobo rw’intare. Dariyo yijejwe ko iryo teka ryari kuzishimirwa n’abatware bose bo mu nzego zo hejuru z’ubutegetsi, kandi ibyo bari basabye byasaga n’aho ari uburyo bwo kugaragariza umwami ubudahemuka bwabo.​—Daniyeli 6:2-4, 7-9, umurongo wa 1-3, 6-8 muri Biblia Yera.

Dariyo yashyize umukono kuri iryo teka, maze bidatinze atangira kwibonera ingaruka zaryo. Daniyeli ni we wa mbere wishe iryo tegeko, bitewe n’uko yakomeje gusenga Yehova Imana. (Gereranya n’Ibyakozwe 5:29.) Uwizerwa Daniyeli yajugunywe mu rwobo rw’intare, n’ubwo umwami yari yashyizeho imihati ivuye ku mutima yo gushaka uko yakwirengagiza iryo tegeko ritavuguruzwa. Dariyo yagaragaje icyizere yari afite cy’uko Imana ya Daniyeli ifite ubushobozi bwo gukiza uwo muhanuzi.​—Daniyeli 6:10-18, umurongo wa 9-17 muri Biblia Yera.

Dariyo yaraye adasinziriye kandi yiraza ubusa, maze bukeye yiruka ajya ku rwobo rw’intare. Mbega ukuntu yashimishijwe no gusanga Daniyeli akiri muzima kandi nta cyo yabaye! Umwami yahise ategeka ko abarezi ba Daniyeli hamwe n’imiryango yabo bajugunywa mu rwobo rw’intare, bityo bakaba bakaniwe urubakwiriye. Nanone kandi, yatanze itegeko ry’uko ‘mu butware bwose bwo mu gihugu cye, [abantu] bazajya bubaha Imana ya Daniyeli, bagahindira imishyitsi imbere yayo.’​—Daniyeli 6:19-28, umurongo wa 18-27 muri Biblia Yera.

Uko bigaragara, Dariyo yubahaga Imana ya Daniyeli n’idini rye, kandi yari ashishikajwe no kugorora ibigoramye. Icyakora, guhana abari bareze Daniyeli, bigomba kuba byaratumye abatware basigaye bamwanga urunuka. Byongeye kandi, itangazo rya Dariyo ryategekaga abantu bose bo mu bwami bwe ‘gutinya Imana ya Daniyeli,’ rigomba kuba ryaratumye abayobozi bakomeye ba kidini b’i Babuloni bagira inzika mu buryo bwimbitse. Kubera ko nta gushidikanya, ibyo byose byinjiraga mu bitekerezo by’abanditsi, ntibyaba ari igitangaza inyandiko zitari iza Bibiliya zibaye zaragoretswe, kugira ngo ibihamya bihereranye na Dariyo bikurwemo. Icyakora, inkuru ngufi iboneka mu gitabo cya Daniyeli, igaragaza ko Dariyo yari umwami warangwaga no kwanga umugayo n’ubutabera.