Izina Riyobora ku Kwizera Nyakuri

UMUGORE umwe yabwiye Umuhamya wa Yehova ati “mwebwe ntimwizera Yesu hamwe n’amaraso ye acungura.” Umugabo umwe yaravuze ati “mwebwe mwiyita Abahamya ba Yehova, ariko jyeweho ndi umuhamya wa Yesu.”

Igitekerezo cy’uko Abahamya ba Yehova batizera Yesu, cyangwa ko batamuha icyubahiro gihagije, kirogeye cyane. Ariko se, ibintu byifashe bite mu by’ukuri?

Ni iby’ukuri ko Abahamya ba Yehova bagira ibyiyumvo bikomeye ku birebana n’izina ry’Imana, ari ryo Yehova.a Uwitwa Itamar, akaba ari Umuhamya wo muri Brezili, yagize ati “ihinduka rikomeye mu buzima bwanjye ryabaye igihe namenyaga izina ry’Imana. Igihe narisomaga ku ncuro ya mbere, byabaye nk’aho nari nkangutse nkava mu bitotsi byinshi cyane. Izina Yehova ryarankanguye, rishishikaza ibyiyumvo byanjye; ryangeze ku mutima mu buryo bwimbitse.” Icyakora, yongeyeho agira ati “nanone kandi, umutima wanjye usendereye urukundo nkunda Yesu.”

Koko rero, Abahamya ba Yehova bemera ko kugira ngo bazabone ubuzima bw’iteka, bagomba kwizera “izina ry’Umwana w’Imana,” ari ryo Yesu (Yohana 5:13). Ariko se, ni iki amagambo ngo ‘izina rya Yesu’ asobanura?

Icyo Izina rya Yesu Rishushanya

Amagambo ngo “mu izina rya Yesu” hamwe n’ayandi ameze nka yo, aboneka ahantu henshi mu Byanditswe bya Kigiriki bya Gikristo, cyangwa “Isezerano Rishya.” Mu by’ukuri, ijambo “izina” rikoreshwa ryerekeza ku ruhare Yesu afite, ribonekamo incuro zisaga 80, izigera kuri 30 muri zo zikaba ziboneka mu gitabo cy’Ibyakozwe honyine. Abakristo bo mu kinyejana cya mbere babatizaga mu izina rya Yesu, bagakiza abantu mu izina rye, bakigisha mu izina rye, bakambaza izina rye, bakababazwa bazira izina rye kandi bagahesha ikuzo izina rye.​—Ibyakozwe 2:38; 3:16; 5:28; 9:14, 16; 19:17.

Dukurikije inkoranyamagambo imwe ya Bibiliya, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki ryahinduwemo “izina” akenshi rikoreshwa muri Bibiliya “ryerekeza ku byo izina ryumvikanisha byose, byaba ibihereranye n’ubutware, kamere, urwego rw’imibereho, igitinyiro, ubushobozi, icyubahiro, n’ibindi n’ibindi, rikerekeza ku kintu cyose gikubiye mu izina.” Ku bw’ibyo rero, izina rya Yesu rishushanya ubutware bw’icyubahiro busesuye Yehova Imana yamuhaye. Yesu ubwe yarivugiye ati “nahawe ubutware bwose mu ijuru no mu isi” (Matayo 28:18). Petero na Yohana bamaze gukiza umuntu w’ikirema, abayobozi ba kidini b’Abayahudi barababajije bati “ni mbaraga ki, cyangwa ni zina ki, byabateye gukora ibyo?” Hanyuma, Petero yagaragaje ashize amanga ko yizeraga ubutware n’ubushobozi izina rya Yesu rishushanya, ubwo yabamenyeshaga ko ari ‘izina rya Yesu Kristo w’i Nazareti, . . . ryatumye uwo muntu ahagarara imbere yabo ari muzima.’​—Ibyakozwe 3:1-10; 4:5-10.

Mbese, Ni Ukwizera Yesu Cyangwa Kayisari?

Ariko kandi, kwizera izina rya Yesu muri ubwo buryo, ntibyari kuzoroha. Nk’uko Yesu yari yarabihanuye, abigishwa be bari ‘kuzangwa n’amahanga yose abahora izina rye’ (Matayo 24:9). Kubera iki? Kubera ko izina rya Yesu rishushanya umwanya afite wo kuba ari Umutware wimitswe n’Imana, Umwami w’abami, uwo amahanga yose agomba kunamira akamugandukira, icyo kikaba ari ikintu amahanga atiteguye gukora cyangwa ngo abe yifuza no kugikora.​—Zaburi 2:1-7.

Abayobozi ba kidini bo mu gihe cya Yesu, na bo ntibashakaga kumwunamira ngo bamugandukire. Baravuze bati “nta mwami dufite keretse Kayisari,” bityo baba banze Umwana w’Imana (Yohana 19:13-15). Ahubwo bizeye izina​—ni ukuvuga ubushobozi n’ubutware—bya Kayisari hamwe n’ubutegetsi bwe bwa cyami. Banafashe umwanzuro w’uko Yesu yagombaga gupfa, kugira ngo bakunde babone uko bagumana imyanya yabo y’ibyubahiro.—Yohana 11:47-53.

Mu binyejana byakurikiye urupfu rwa Yesu, abenshi mu bihandagazaga bavuga ko ari Abakristo, bageze aho batangira kwigana imyifatire imeze nk’iy’abayobozi b’Abayahudi. Abo Bakristo b’icyitiriro bizeye ububasha n’ubutware bwa Leta, kandi bifatanya mu ntambara zayo. Urugero, mu kinyejana cya 11, kiliziya imaze gutegura neza abarwanyi bose batari bagifite akazi ikabahuriza mu cyiswe militia Christi, cyangwa abayobozi b’ingabo b’Abakristo barwanira ku mafarashi, “inshingano yo kuyobora intambara ikiranuka yambuwe ubutegetsi bw’amahanga ya Kristendomu budakorera muri kiliziya, maze mu cyimbo cyabwo ihabwa kiliziya binyuriye ku rwego rw’abayobozi b’ingabo b’Abakristo bayo barwanira ku mafarashi” (The Oxford History of Christianity). Iyo nkuru yongeraho ko amatangazo amwe n’amwe yatangwaga n’abapapa, yatumye abenshi mu barwanaga intambara z’abanyamisaraba bizera ko ubwo bari barifatanyije mu ntambara z’abanyamisaraba, “bari baragiranye n’Imana amasezerano, kandi ko bari barizigamiye umwanya muri Paradizo.”

Hari bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko umuntu ashobora kuba indahemuka kuri Yesu, ari nako yifatanya muri politiki no mu ntambara z’amahanga. Bashobora kumva ko Umukristo afite inshingano yo kurwanya ikibi aho cyaba kibonetse hose, kandi ko ibyo binakubiyemo kwitabaza intambara iyo bibaye ngombwa. Ariko se, Abakristo ba mbere babibonaga batyo?

Ingingo yo mu kinyamakuru cyitwa The Christian Century yagize iti “Abakristo ba mbere ntibajyaga mu ngabo.” Isobanura ko kugeza hagati y’umwaka wa 170-180 I.C., nta gihamya icyo ari cyo cyose kigaragaza ko Abakristo baba barakoze umurimo wa gisirikare. Hanyuma, iyo ngingo yongeyeho igira iti “gusa buhoro buhoro, Abakristo bagiye badohoka ku gihagararo cyabo cyo kudakora umurimo wa gisirikare.”

Ingaruka zabaye izihe? Ingingo yo muri cya kinyamakuru The Christian Century yagize iti “birashoboka ko nta mpamvu yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma abantu batakariza Ubukristo icyizere, nk’iyo kuba bwaragize igihagararo kidatandukanye rwose n’icy’abatari Abakristo ku bihereranye n’intambara. Kuba ku ruhande rumwe Abakristo barizeye Umukiza ugwa neza, mu gihe ku rundi ruhande bashyigikiraga bivuye inyuma intambara zishyamiranya amadini cyangwa ibihugu, ibyo byononnye ukwizera mu buryo bukomeye.”

Twigane Abakristo ba Mbere Muri Iki Gihe

Mbese, birashoboka ko muri iki gihe Abakristo bakwigana urugero ruhebuje rw’Abakristo ba mbere? Muri iki kinyejana, Abahamya ba Yehova bagaragaje ko bishoboka. Umwanditsi w’igitabo cyitwa Holocaust Educational Digest yaberekejeho agira ati “nta Muhamya wa Yehova uzigera ajya mu ntambara. . . . Iyo buri muntu wese wari mu mwanya w’ubutegetsi ku isi aza kuba ari muri iryo dini, [Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose] ntiba yarabaye.”

Ibintu nk’ibyo bishobora no kuvugwa ku bihereranye n’ubushyamirane bwinshi bw’uturere bwabaye mu myaka ya vuba aha, urugero nk’ubwayogoje Irilande y’Amajyaruguru. Mu myaka runaka ishize, umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova yari arimo abwiriza ku nzu n’inzu mu karere gatuwe n’Abaporotesitanti ko mu mujyi wa Belfast. Nyir’inzu umwe, amaze kumenya ko uwo Muhamya yahoze ari Umugatolika, yaramubajije ati “igihe wari Umugatolika washyigikiraga Ingabo Ziharanira Repubulika ya Irilande [IRA]?” Uwo Muhamya yabonye ko uwo mugabo ashobora kumugirira nabi, bitewe n’uko yari yarigeze gufungwa ubwo bamufatanaga imbunda agiye kwica Umugatolika, none akaba yari amaze igihe gito afunguwe. Bityo rero, uwo Muhamya yaramusubije ati “ubu sinkiri Umugatolika. Ndi umwe mu Bahamya ba Yehova. Kubera ko ndi Umukristo w’ukuri, sinshobora na rimwe kwica umuntu uwo ari we wese ndwanirira ubutegetsi ubwo ari bwo bwose cyangwa se umuntu uwo ari we wese.” Nyir’inzu amaze kubyumva yamukoze mu ntoki, maze aramubwira ati “uburyo bwose bwo kwica ni bubi. Mwebwe mukora umurimo mwiza. Muzawukomeze.”

Icyo Kwizera Izina rya Yesu Bisobanura

Icyakora, kwizera izina rya Yesu bisobanura ibirenze ibyo kwirinda kujya mu ntambara gusa. Bisobanura kumvira amategeko ya Kristo yose. N’ubundi kandi, Yesu yaravuze ati “muri incuti zanjye, nimukora ibyo mbategeka,” kandi rimwe mu mategeko ye ni iry’uko ‘dukundana’ (Yohana 15:14, 17). Urukundo ruharanira gukorera abandi ibyiza. Rukuraho urwikekwe rwose rushingiye ku moko, amadini cyangwa imibereho. Yesu yagaragaje uko rubikora.

Abayahudi bo mu gihe cya Yesu bangaga Abasamariya cyane. Mu buryo bunyuranye n’ubwo ariko, Yesu yaganiriye n’umugore w’Umusamariyakazi, kandi ibyo byagize ingaruka z’uko we hamwe n’abandi benshi bizeye izina rye (Yohana 4:39). Nanone kandi, Yesu yavuze ko abigishwa be bagombaga kuzaba abagabo bo kumuhamya “i Yerusalemu n’i Yudaya yose n’i Samariya no kugeza ku mpera y’isi” (Ibyakozwe 1:8). Ubutumwa bwe buhesha ubuzima ntibwagombaga kugarukira ku Bayahudi gusa. Ni yo mpamvu Petero yahawe amabwiriza yo kujya gusura umugaba w’umutwe w’ingabo z’Abaroma witwaga Koruneliyo. N’ubwo cyaziraga ko Umuyahudi yajya gusura umuntu wo mu bundi bwoko, Imana yagaragarije Petero ko atagombaga ‘kugira umuntu yita ikizira cyangwa igihumanya.’​—Ibyakozwe 10:28.

Mu kwigana Yesu, Abahamya ba Yehova bishimira gufasha abantu bose—batitaye ku bwoko bwabo, ku idini ryabo cyangwa imemerere barimo mu by’ubukungu—bakabafasha kumenya iby’agakiza kabonerwa mu izina rya Yesu. Kwizera izina rya Yesu bibasunikira ‘kwatuza akanwa kabo yuko Yesu ari Umwami’ (Abaroma 10:8, 9). Turagutera inkunga yo kwemera ubufasha bwabo, kugira ngo nawe ushobore kwitoza kwizera izina rya Yesu.

Mu by’ukuri, izina rya Yesu rigomba kugutera kugira ibyiyumvo byo kumwubaha no kumwumvira. Intumwa Pawulo yagize iti “amavi yose apfukame mu izina rya Yesu, ari ay’ibyo mu ijuru, cyangwa ay’ibyo mu isi, cyangwa ay’ibyo munsi y’isi; kandi indimi zose zihamye ko Yesu Kristo ari Uwiteka [“Umwami,” NW ], ngo Imana Data wa twese ihimbazwe’ (Abafilipi 2:10, 11). N’ubwo abenshi mu bantu batuye ku isi bashobora kuba badashaka kugandukira ubutegetsi bwa Yesu, Bibiliya igaragaza ko igihe cyegereje, ubwo bizaba ngombwa ko abantu bose babigenza batyo cyangwa se bakarimburwa (2 Abatesalonike 1:6-9). Ku bw’ibyo rero, iki ni cyo gihe cyo kwizera izina rya Yesu, twitondera amategeko ye yose.

[Ibisobanuro ahagana hasi ku ipaji]

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 6]

Abantu babarirwa muri za miriyoni barishe kandi bicwa mu izina rya Yesu

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Yesu ntiyigeze agira urwikekwe rushingiye ku moko. Ni ko bimeze no kuri wowe?