Ibibazo ni byinshi ibisubizo bishimishije ni bike

MU GITONDO cy’umunsi w’Abatagatifu Bose wo ku itariki ya 1 Ugushyingo mu mwaka wa 1755, umutingito ukomeye wayogoje umujyi wa Lisbonne mu gihe abenshi mu baturage bawo bari mu Kiliziya. Amazu abarirwa mu bihumbi yarasenyutse, n’abantu babarirwa mu bihumbi mirongo barapfa.

Nyuma gato y’ayo makuba, umusizi w’Umufaransa witwa Voltaire yasohoye igisigo yise Poème sur le désastre de Lisbonne (Igisigo ku makuba y’i Lisbonne). Muri icyo gisigo yamaganye abavugaga ko ayo makuba yari igihano cy’Imana kuko abantu bakoze ibyaha. Voltaire yavuze ko ayo makuba nta wasobanukirwa icyayateye cyangwa ngo agisobanure. Yaranditse ati

Ibyaremwe ni ibiragi, turabibaza ntibisubize;

Dukeneye Imana ivugisha abantu.

Birumvikana ariko ko Voltaire atari we wari ubaye uwa mbere wibajije ibibazo ku bihereranye n’Imana. Mu gihe cyose cy’amateka y’abantu, amakuba n’ibyago byagiye bituma abantu bibaza byinshi. Ubu hashize imyaka ibarirwa mu bihumbi umukurambere Yobu, wari umaze gupfusha abana be bose kandi akaba yari yibasiwe n’indwara ikomeye, yibajije ku bihereranye n’Imana ati “ni iki gituma iha umunyamubabaro umucyo, kandi ufite intimba mu mutima ikamubeshaho?” (Yobu 3:20). No muri iki gihe na bwo, abantu benshi bibaza ukuntu Imana nziza kandi yuje urukundo ishobora kwirengagiza imibabaro n’akarengane byinshi biriho.

Abantu benshi iyo bagezweho n’inzara, intambara, uburwayi n’urupfu, bituma batemera ko hariho Umuremyi wita ku bantu. Hari umuhanga mu bya filozofiya utemera ko Imana ibaho wagize ati “nta cyo umuntu yaheraho akura umugayo ku Mana ireka umwana akababara, . . . nta cyo rwose, keretse gusa ibaye itabaho.” Amakuba akomeye, nk’itsembatsemba ryibasiye Abayahudi mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y’Isi Yose, atuma abantu bafata imyanzuro imeze nk’uwo. Dore ibyo umwanditsi w’Umuyahudi yavuze: “umuntu abisobanuye mu magambo make, imibabaro yabereye i Auschwitz yatewe n’uko nta Mana iriho yita ku bibazo by’abantu.” Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu Bufaransa, igihugu cyiganjemo Abagatolika, mu mwaka wa 1997, bwagaragaje ko abantu bagera kuri 40 ku ijana bashidikanya niba Imana ibaho kubera ko hagiye habaho itsembabwoko, urugero nk’iryabaye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1994.

Mbese ni inzitizi y’ukwizera?

Kuki Imana itagira icyo ikora kugira ngo ibuze ibyo bintu bibabaje kubaho? Hari umwanditsi w’Umugatolika wemeza ko icyo kibazo ari “inzitizi ikomeye y’ukwizera” kw’abantu benshi. Arabaza ati “mbese koko birashoboka kwemera Imana irebera gusa mu gihe hari za miriyoni z’abantu b’inzirakarengane bapfa, abandi bagatsembatsembwa kandi ntigire icyo ikora ngo ibuze ibyo bintu kuba?”

Ijambo ry’ibanze ryo mu kinyamakuru cya Kiliziya Gatolika ryavuze ibintu bisa n’ibyo rigira riti “byaba amakuba yabaye, byaba ingorane ziterwa n’iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga, byaba impanuka kamere, byaba ubugizi bwa nabi cyangwa se byaba gupfusha uwo wakundaga, muri buri byago abantu bihebye batakira Imana ngo ibasobanurire. Baba bakeneye igisubizo cy’iki kibazo: Imana iri he? Ese ubwo si Imana Ikomeye itita ku bintu, Ikomeye Idahari?”—La Croix.

Papa Yohani Pawulo wa II na we yagize icyo abivugaho mu ibaruwa yanditse mu mwaka wa 1984 (Salvifici Doloris). Yaranditse ati “n’ubwo kuba isi iriho bituma abantu babona ko Imana iriho, ko ifite ubwenge, imbaraga, kandi ko ikomeye cyane, ibintu bibi n’imibabaro bisa n’aho bituma tutabibona, rimwe na rimwe bikaba biduhuma amaso mu buryo bukomeye, cyane cyane iyo turebye imibabaro tubona buri munsi igera ku nzirakarengane n’abakora amakosa menshi ntibahanwe mu buryo bukwiriye.”

Mbese birashoboka ko haba hariho Imana yuje urukundo kandi ishobora byose, nk’uko bigaragara muri Bibiliya, kandi hariho imibabaro myinshi cyane igera ku bantu? Mbese hari icyo ikora kugira ngo ibuze amakuba agera ku muntu ku giti cye cyangwa agera ku bantu muri rusange? Mbese hari ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose Imana yaba idukorera muri iki gihe? Mbese, nk’uko Voltaire yabivuze, hariho “Imana ivugana n’abantu” kugira ngo isubize ibyo bibazo? Tugutumiriye gusoma ingingo ikurikira kugira ngo wibonere ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo.

[Amafoto yo ku ipaji ya 3]

Isenyuka rya Lisbonne mu mwaka wa 1755 ryatumye Voltaire ahamya ko ibyabaye birenze ibyo umuntu ashobora kwiyumvisha

[Aho amafoto yavuye]

Voltaire: Ifoto ye yakuwe mu gitabo: Great Men and Famous Women; Lisbon: J.P. Le Bas, Praça da Patriarcal depois do terramoto de 1755. Foto: Museu da Cidade/Lisboa

[Ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 4]

Abantu benshi bashidikanya ko Imana ibaho kubera ko babona ingaruka zibabaje z’itsembabwoko, urugero nk’iryabaye mu Rwanda

[Aho ifoto yavuye]

IFOTO ya AFP

[Aho ifoto yo ku ipaji ya 2 yavuye]

COVER, children: USHMM, courtesy of Main Commission for the Prosecution of the Crimes against the Polish Nation