Bwakinyi kwi ma Bible e bungi bino?

Bwakinyi kwi ma Bible ebungi elekene sunga ma Bible abadi baluule mu mishindo ibungi lelo uno? Omonaa ma Bible abadi batushe binobino bu aakukwasha su omonaa bu aakukalakasha bwa kupusha Bible? Kulonga pabitale kwaadi atuukile nkulombene nkukwasha bwa kusangula Bible kalolo.

Kya kumpala, nnanyi bafundile Bible a kumpala, na mu mafuku kinyi?

BIBLE A KUMPALA

Bible e na bipindji bibidi. Kipindji kya kumpala ki na mikanda 39 mwi “myanda [ya kishila] y’Efile Mukulu.” (Beena-Looma 3:2) Efile Mukulu badi muyookyele bantu basha lulamato bwabadya kufunda ino mikanda munda mwa kipungo ki bula bwa bipwa 1 100. Kubanga mu kipwa kya 1513 K.B.B. na mu mafuku apeela kunyima kwa kipwa kya 443 K.B.B. Mikanda ibungi abeyifundile mu kina Ebelu, ngi bwakinyi abetanyina kino kipindji bu Bifundwe bya kina Ebelu, na abekitanyina dimo bu Kilombeno kikulu.

Kipindji kya kabidi ki na mikanda 27 ikale dingi “eyi dy’Efile Mukulu.” (1 Beena-Tesalonika 2:13) Efile Mukulu badi muyookyele balongi ba Yesu Kidishitu basha lulamato bwabadya kufunda ino mikanda munda mwa kipungo kiipi—kya bipwa 60. Kubanga mu kipwa kya 41 B.B. na ku kipwa kya 98 B.B. Abadi bakambe kufunda mu kina Greke, ngi bwakinyi abetanyinaa kino kipindji bu Bifundwe bya bena Kidishitu bya kina Greke, na abekitanyinaa dingi bu Kilombeno kipya.

Ino mikanda yoso 66 iyookyelwe yabadi babungye kumune, ngi ikite Bible mushima—mukandu w’Efile Mukulu wadi mutumine bantu. Bwakinyi babadi baluule Bible mu ingi ndimi? Banda kutala tuno tubingilo tusatu tukata.

Bwa kukwasha bantu bwa’shi bamone bya kubadika Bible mu ndimi yabo ya butandwa.
Bwa kukatusha bilubilo bibabadi beele kwi bantu abadi abatentula na kwalusha bifundwe bya mu Bible nka bibabidi ku mbangilo.
Bwa kukatusha ngakwilo a kala na kufunda ngakwilo e mu ano mafuku.

Tubande kutala mushindo ubabadi batumikile ino myanda mu kwaluula kwa ma Bible abidi a kumpala.

**BIBLE A SEPTANTE A MU KINA GREKE**

Bipwa bifikye ku 300 kumpala kwa Yesu kutandjikwa, Bantu abadi balongye ngofu ba mu Yuuda abadi babangye kwaluula Bifundwe bya kina Ebelu mu ludimi lwa kina Greke. Uno Bible abadi abamwitanyina bu Bible a Septante a mu kina Greke. Bwakinyi abadi batushe uno Bible? Mbwa kukwasha bena Yuuda bebungi abadi abakula Greke bashibadi abauku kwakula kina Ebelu bwabadya kwikala beubishishene na “Bifundwe bi selele.”—2 Timote 3:15.

Bible a Septante badi mukwashe dingi bantu midiyo bashi bena-Yuuda, abakula kina-Greke bwabadya kuuka malongyesha a mu Bible. Mu mushindo kinyi? Wilbert Francis Howard, badi mulongyeshi mukata bakwile’shi: “Kubanga pankatshi pa siekele a kumpala, Bible a Septante bafikile Bible ababadi abafubisha mu kipwilo kya bena Kidishitu, ngi ababadi abende naye kwi ba misionere mu ma sinagoge elekene mu ‘kupatulwila na kwibaleesha patooka muyile bifundwe’shi Yesu ngi winyi Mesiya.’” (Bikitshino 17:3, 4; 20:20) Frederick Fyvie Bruce akula’shi: “Kano ngi kabingilo kakata kabadi katakule bena Yuuda bebungi bwabadya kupela kufubisha Bible a Septante.”

Pabadi apende balongi ba Yesu na kupeta mikanda ya mu Bifundwe bya bena Kidishitu bya mu kina Greke, abadi abende na kwiyibunga pamune na Bible a Septante ababadi baluule kukiila ku Bifundwe bya kina Ebelu, na ino ngi ibadi ifikye Bible mushima atudi naye lelo uno.

**BIBLE A VULGATE A MU LATIN**

Bipwa bifikye ku 300 kunyima kwa’bo kufudiisha kufunda Bible, Jérôme muntu badi mulongye myanda ya bipwilo ngofu batushishe Bible a mu Latin, ababadi abetanyina bu Bible a Vulgate a mu Latin. Kubadi kupwe kutuka ma Bible a mu Latin ebungi, byabya bwakinyi bibadi abitungu kutusha ungi Bible? Ungi mukanda wa myanda ya kala (The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia) awamba’shi: Jérôme badi akumina kulumbuula “myanda ibabadi baluule bibubi, bilema, na myanda ibabadi batentekye na kukatusha kwi bantu abadi baluule ma Bible kumpala.”

Jérôme badi mulumbuule bino bilema bibungi. Anka mu aa mafuku, bakata ba bipwilo abakitshine kilubilo kikata ngofu! Abakwile’shi nka penda Bible a mu Latin a Vulgate ngi Bible penda umune abadi bakumine ku ma Bible ooso na abatungunukile na kutumikisha uno mwiya munda mwa bipwa nkama na nkama! Pamutwe pa kukwasha bantu bashii balongye ngofu bwabadya kupusha Bible, Bible a Vulgate badi mwikashe Bible bu mukanda wabashii balombene kupusha kwi bantu boso, mwanda bantu bebungi tababadi abauku dingi Latin nya.

KUTUKA KWA MA BIBLE APYA MU INGI NDIMI

Kunyima kwa mafuku, bantu abatungunukile na kutusha angi ma Bible bu a Peshitta batuukile mu siekele a katano B.B. Anka mu siekele a 14, bantu abadi bekitshishe ngofu bwa kutusha ma Bible mu ingi ndimi ibungi yabakula kwi bantu bashi balongye ngofu.

Mu Angleterre, ku nfudiilo kwa siekele a 14, John Wycliffe babangile kukita bukopo bwa kutuka mu bupika bwa ludimi lwabashibadi abakula dingi kwi bantu p’aye kutusha Bible mu Anglais, ludimi lubabadi balombene kupusha kwi bantu bebungi ba mu eumbo dyabo. Mafuku apeela kunyima kwa paapa, Johannes Gutenberg batushishe kyamo kya kutusha mikanda kibadi kipe bantu bebungi balongye myanda ya mu Bible mushindo wa kutusha na kwabila ma Bible apya mu ndimi ibungi ilekene yabakula kwi bantu mu Europe.

Pabadi pafiime ma Bible a mu ludimi lwa Anglais, bantu ababangile kwiyipusha bwakinyi abitungu kutusha ma Bible elekene mu ludimi lumune. Mu siekele a 18, John Lewis ungi mukata a kipwilo a mu Angleterre bafundile’shi: “Ludimi alwendaa na kukula na bantu mbalombene kubanga kukutwa kwilupusha, ngi bwakinyi bi na muulo bwa’shi bekale abataluula na kutusha ma Bible apya bwa’shi ekale mu ngakwilo abakula kwi bantu, na bwa’shi beapushe kwi bantu abeabadika.”

Lelo uno, bantu balongye myanda ya mu Bible ngofu, be na mishindo yooso ayitungibwa kukila ibabadi nayo kumpala bwabadya kutaluula ma Bible ooso a kala. Be na mpushisho ebuwa a ngakwilo ababadi bafunde mu ma Bible a kala, na be na ma maniskri a Bible abadi bafumbule mu mafuku ashale. Bino abibakwasha bwabadya kuuka myanda ya mu Bible a kumpala nka byayidi.

Ngi bwakinyi bi na muulo kwikala na ma Bible apya. Anka, abitungu kwikala badimukye pabitale amo ma Bible.a Kadi su muntu badi mutaluule Bible badi na kifulo ky’Efile Mukulu binyibinyi nsaa ibadi atumika bwa kutusha Bible mupya, Bible aaye mulombene kwitukwasha ngofu.

Bwa kubadika Bible mu ludimi lobe lwa butandwa ku Internete sunga mu telefone oobe, twele mu www.jw.org. MIKANDA > BIBLE.

a Tala mwisambo awamba’shi “Comment choisir une bonne traduction de la Bible ?” wi mu Kitenta kya Mulami kya mu 1/5/2008.

ESHINA DYA KISHILA DY’EFILE MUKULU MU BIBLE

Eshina dy’Efile Mukulu mu masaki a ma maniskri a Bible a Septante badi kwanka mu mafuku a Yesu

Bible a Les Saintes Écritures. Traduction du monde nouveau mmufubishe eshina dy’Efile Mukulu dya kishila dya bu Yehowa mu Bifundwe bya kina Ebelu na mu Bifundwe bya kina Greke. Ma Bible a mu Anglais e kwanka lelo uno ta ngafubishe dino eshina nya. Mbafunde mwasu wa bu “Mwanana” pa mbalo y’eshina dy’Efile Mukulu. Bamo baluudi abakula’shi, kamune ka ku kabingilo kebatakule mu kukita bino, mpa mwanda wa’shi eshina dy’Efile Mukulu dyabadi baleshe na maleta ananka abetanyina bu Tétragramme (YHWH), ta di mu Bible a Septante a mu kina Greke ababadi balule kukiila ku Bifundwe bya kina Ebelu nya. Kano kabingilo nka binyibinyi su?

Munkatshi mwa siekele a 20, mbasangule bipese bya masaki a Bible a Septante bya kala bibadi kwanka mu mafuku a Yesu. Mwanka mbasangane eshina dya kishila dy’Efile Mukulu mbedifunde mu maleta a mu kina Ebelu. Abimweneka’shi kunyima kwa mafuku, bantu abadi abatentula ngi abadi bakatushe eshina dy’Efile Mukulu na kwidipyanyisha pa mbalo yadyo na kishima kya mu kina Greke Kyʹri·os—akipushisha’shi “Mwanana.” Mu Bible a Les Saintes Écritures. Traduction du monde nouveau mbalushe eshina dy’Efile Mukulu pa mbalo yooso yadidi mu Bifundwe.

MUKANDU WA MU BIBLE MBEUSHINTUULE SU?

Mufungofungo wa Yeeshaya wabadi bapete mu kalunga kafwe ubapu kukita bipwa 2 000. Myanda i mwanka i mumune na i mu Bible atudi naye lelo uno

Bantu abadi abatentula bifundwe bya mu Bible abakitshine bilubilo. Anka ta kwi kilubilo su nkimune kibadi kishintuule mukandu wa mu Bible nya. Ta kwi dilongyesha su ndimune dya kitako ditale lukumino lwa bena Kidishitu dibweshe mpaka pankatshi pa bantu ababadika nya.—Our Bible and the Ancient Manuscripts.

Bena Yuuda abadi abatentula Bifundwe abadi bakite tu bilema tupeela ngofu. “Bafundji bena Yuuda ba mu mafuku a bena Kidishitu ba mu siekele a kumpala abadi abatentula Bifundwe bya mu Bible a mu kina Ebelu na lulamato looso.”—Second Thoughts on the Dead Sea Scrolls.

Bu kileshesho, mufungofungo wa Yeeshaya wabadi bapete mu kalunga kafwe ubadi ukite bipwa 1000 kumpala kwa’bo kufunda angi ma maniskri e kwanka lelo uno. Nsaa yabeupwandikisha na bifundwe byatudi nabyo lelo uno, abasangana naminyi? “Mu ma mbalo apeela, mbeele sunga kukatusha bishima bya kala.”—The Book. A History of the Bible.

Binobino kwi mushindo wa kutundula na kulumbuula maleta, bishima, sunga myaku ibabadi bakatushe kwi bantu abadi abatentula kushi kwikala na katoonya kebukopo. “Ta kwi ungi mukanda wa kala wi mu nsenga lelo uno wi na bishinkamisho bibuwa bya mu Bifundwe bu Kilombeno kipya nya.”—The Books and the Parchments.

“Bena kukumina be na mpaka mbalombene kwikala bashinkamishe binyibinyi’shi kwi kwipushena kukata pankatshi pa bifundwe bya mu Bible bya mu ma papurus a kala a mu Ejiipitu bibadi bipande na bifundwe byatudi nabyo ano mafuku byabakwete kutusha mu mashibo a mikanda e kwanka mu Europe.”—The Book. A History of the Bible.

Byabya, mukandu wa mu Bible mbeushintuule su? Kushi mpaka atwakula’shi, nya