Kingi kishinkamisho

Bantu abakimbuulaa myanda ya kala mbapete bintu abishinkamisha myanda ya mu Bible su? Mu kipwa kya 2014 kubatuukile mwisambo mu jurnale a bantu abataluulaa myanda ya kala ya mu Bible abetanyinaa bu Revue d’Archéologie Biblique (mu Anglais). Mu wawa mwisambo mubadi luno lukonko: “Mbantu bungi kinyi babadi bateemune mu Bible a mu kina Ebelu babadi bashinkamishe kwi bantu abakimbuulaa myanda ya kala?” Lwalulo lwi bino: “Mbantu bafikye ku 50!” Ungi muntu abashii batemune mu mulongo wa bano bantu 50 nyi Tatenai. Badi muntu kinyi? Tubadeyi kutaluula mu kikoso mudimo ubadi mukite mu myanda yabadi bafunde mu Bible.

Mu angi mafuku Yeelusaleme badi munkatshi mwa Ampire a bena Perse. Yeelusaleme badi mu nsenga ibabadi abetanyina kwi bena Perse bu eshiya dya Mwela, kwamba’shi, ku lupese lwa kutunduka nguba kwa mwela wa Efrate. Kunyima kwa’bo kutshokola bena Babilone, bena Perse abafungwishe bena Yuuda abadi mu bupika na kwibapa matalwa a kwibakuula ntempelo a Yehowa mu Yeelusaleme. (Esela 1:1-4) Anka, beshikwanyi ba bena Yuuda, abadi abakimbi bya kwimika uno mudimo, abo nkufunda bena Yuuda’shi, abatombokyela bena Perse. (Esela 4:4-16) Mu mafuku abadi Daryuse I bu nfumu (522-486 K.B.B.), ungi mukata a basalayi ba bena Perse ababadi abetanyina bu Tatenai badi mukimbuule bwa kushinkamisha uno mwanda. Bible amwitanyina bu “mukunkushi a bushiiya bwa Efrate.”​—Esela 5:3-7.

Mu bintu bya kala byabadi bakimbuule, mbasangane bipese bya mabwe byabadi bafunde na bifundwe byabetanyinaa bu écriture cunéiforme; ku ano mabwe mbekusangane eshina Tatenai. Kipese ky’ebwe ki n’eshina dya uno muntu a mu Bible abekifundile mu kipwa kya 20 kya bufumu bwa Daryuse mu kipwa kya 502 K.B.B. Mwanka abayitanyina ungi muntu badi mupetekyelwe pabeudishena bintu bu mufubi a “Tattannu, mukunkushi a bushiya bwa Mwela”​—uno Tatenai, nnaye abadi bateemune mu mukanda wa mu Bible wa Esela.

Uno muntu badi na mudimo kinyi? Mu kipwa kya 535 K.B.B., Siruse Mukata badi mutshibule bufumu bwaye mu ma provinse, umune a ku ma provinse abadi abamwitanyina bu “Babilone na Bushiya bwa mwela.” Kunyima kwa mafuku, uno provinse abadi bamwabuule mu bipindji bibidi, kimune kya ku bino bipindji abadi abekitanyina penda bu Bushiya bwa mwela. Mwanka mubadi maumbo bu Cœlésyrie, Fenisii, Samariya, na Yudea. Epata dyabo dibadi ku Damase. Tatenai badi mukunkushe kino kipindji kya nsenga kubanga mu kipwa kya 520 na mu kya 502 K.B.B.

Kunyima kwa’ye kwenda ku Yeelusaleme mu kutaluula mwanda wa ba ntomboshi, Tatenai batwadile milubu kwi nfumu Daryuse; amulungula’shi bena Yuuda abakula’shi mbapete matalwa a kwi nfumu Siruse a kwibakuula ntempelo a Yehowa. Pabadi bataluule mu bintu bya ba nfumu ba kala, mbasangane ano mayi. (Esela 5:6, 7, 11-13; 6:1-3) Abatuminyine Tatenai eyi’shi tayimikanga bantu abebaka, aye namu nkukookyela.​—Esela 6:6, 7, 13.

Bwa kwakula kalolo, “Tatenai nfumu a kipindji kya nsenga kya ku Bushiya bwa Mwela” ta mukite mwanda ukata nya. Byabya, mu Bifundwe mbamwitanyine nka na uno mwasu umulombanyine. Uno mwanda awitupa kingi kishinkamisho akilesha’shi myanda yabadi bapete kwi bantu abakimbuulaa myanda ya kala ayilesha kalolo’shi, byabadi bafunde mu Bible mbya binyibinyi.