ʻOku Kite Mai ʻa e Melino ʻa e Māmaní?

ʻI HE faai mai ʻa e hisitōliá, kuo ʻikai pē ke siʻisiʻi ai ha ngaahi fakaangaanga fakamelino mo ha ngaahi tala fakahāhā melino. Ko hono pangó, ʻoku hā kuo hoko ha ngaahi tau lahi tatau ke fakataʻeʻaongaʻi kinautolu. Ko e meʻa ki he ngaahi talite melinó mo e ngaahi tala fakahāhā melinó, ko e kakai tokolahi kuo nau ako ke ʻoua te nau falala lahi ki ai.

Kaekehe, ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e ngaahi taʻu siʻi kuo maliu atú, ko e tokolahi ʻo e kau fakatokanga meʻá mo e faʻahinga ʻoku nau sivi fakaikiiki ʻa e ngaahi ongoongó kuo kamata ke nau pehē ko e meʻa kehe ia ʻoku hokó. Kuo nau langaʻi ʻa e malava, neongo ʻa e ngaahi palopalema fakalotofonuá, ko e vāʻihala ʻi he taimi ní ʻe fokotuʻu nai ki ha melino ʻa e māmaní. Naʻe pehē ʻe he Stockholm International Peace Institute: “Ko e ʻamanaki ki hono fakaleleiʻi ʻi he melinó ʻa e ngaahi fepakí ʻoku lelei ange ia he taimí ni ʻi ha ngaahi taʻu pē talu mei he ʻosi ʻa e Tau II ʻa Māmaní.” Ko e tupu mei he vave ʻa e hoko ʻa e ngaahi meʻa ʻi he Hahake ʻo ʻIulopé naʻe ueʻi ai ha faiongoongo ʻiloa ke ne pehē: “Ko e melino he Māmaní ʻoku ngalingali ʻe faingofua ange ke hoko ʻi he taimí ni ʻi ha toe taimi talu mei he Tau II ʻa Māmaní.” Naʻa mo e makasini ko e The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists naʻe hā ai ʻa e fakakaukau ko ʻení. ʻI he 1988 naʻe liliu ai ʻa e uasi ʻiloa ʻo e ngataʻanga ʻo e māmaní mei he toe ʻa e miniti ʻe tolu ki he tuʻuapō ki he toe ʻa e miniti ʻe ono ki he tuʻuapō, pea ʻi ʻEpeleli 1990 naʻe toe ʻunuakiʻi mai ki mui ki he toe ʻa e miniti ʻe hongofulu ki he tuʻuapō.

Ko e ngaahi meʻá ni hono kotoa naʻá ne fakatupu ha ʻamanaki fiefia mo ha ongoʻi lelei lahi ki muʻa pea kamata ʻa e tau ʻi he Hahake Lotolotó. Ka naʻa mo e talu mei ai, ko e kakai ʻe niʻihi ʻoku nau lau ʻo kau ki he tuku ʻa e feʻauʻauhi mo fakafili ʻa e ongo mafai lalahí mo e feʻauʻauhi ngaohi-mahafu-tau ʻi he ngaahi puleʻanga mālohí. Ko ha niʻihi kuo nau fifili ʻo fekauʻaki mo e meʻa ʻe fai ʻaki ʻa e paʻanga ʻoku ʻamanaki ke fakahaofi ʻe he ngaahi puleʻangá mei hono fakasiʻisiʻi ʻo e fakamole fakakautaú. Kuo malava ke hoko moʻoni ʻa e taimi ki he melino ʻoku tolongá? Kuo ako moʻoni ʻa e ngaahi puleʻangá ke “nau tuki huo ʻaki ʻenau ngaahi heleta, mo e ngaahi hele ʻauhani ʻaki honau ngaahi tao”? (ʻAisea 2:4) Ko e hā ʻoku fakahā ʻe he ngaahi moʻoniʻi meʻá?

Ko e Ngaahi Tau Kuo Ngalo

“Ko e ngata ʻa e feʻauʻauhi mo fakafili ʻa e ongo mafai lalahí mo e fakangalokuloku ʻi he vā ʻo e Hahaké mo e Hihifó kuo fakataueleʻi ai ha niʻihi ke tui ʻe hoko ʻa e melinó,” ko e lau ia ʻa e The Economist ʻo Lonitoní. “ʻOku ʻikai. ʻI hono toʻo atu ʻa e fuʻu matavai ʻe taha ʻo e fakatupu tailiilí, ʻoku kei lahi pē ʻi he māmaní ʻa e fanga kiʻi matavai fakatupu tailiili.” Ko e hā ʻa e fanga “kiʻi” tailiili, pe ngaahi fepaki ko ʻení?

ʻOku līpooti ʻa e Lentz Peace Research Laboratory, ko ha kautaha fekumi tauʻatāina ʻi he ʻIunaite Seteté, ʻo nau pehē, ʻi Sepitema 1990, ʻoku fakafuofua ko e ngaahi tau ʻe 15 naʻe fai ʻi he māmaní. Naʻe ʻikai ke kau ʻi heni ʻa e hū fakamālohi ʻa ʻIulaki ki Kiueití, koeʻuhi naʻe lau pē ʻe he lipootí ia ʻa e ngaahi tau pē naʻe mate ai ha kakai ʻo ʻikai siʻi hifo he toko taha afe ʻi he taʻu ʻo aʻu mai ki he taimi ko iá. Ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi tau ko ʻení ʻoku kei faí ni ʻo aʻu ʻeni ki he taʻu ʻe 20 pe toe lahi ange ai. Ko hono fakatahaʻí kuo mole ai ʻa e ngaahi moʻui ʻe 2,900,000 pea ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e faʻahinga ko ʻení ko e kau siviliane. ʻOku ʻikai ke kau ʻi he fika ko ʻení ʻa kinautolu kuo tāmateʻi ʻi he ngaahi tau lingi toto taha kuo toki tuku ʻi he taʻu ki muʻa, ʻo hangē ko ia ʻi ʻIukanitā, ʻAfakānisitani, mo ʻIulani-ʻIulaki.

ʻOku meimei toko tolu miliona ʻa e kakai kuo tāmateʻi ʻi he taimi ʻoku pehē kuo melino ʻa e māmaní! ʻOku fakamamahi ʻa e meʻá ni. Kaekehe, ko e meʻa fakamamahi lahi tahá, ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi tau ko ʻení naʻe fai pē ia kae ʻikai ke fakatokangaʻi​—pea ʻikai fakahā ha loto-mamahi ki ai​—ʻe he toenga ʻo e māmaní. ʻE lava ke ui nai ko e ngaahi tau kuo ngalo, koeʻuhi ko e lahi taha ʻo kinautolu​—ko e ngaahi liukava, ngaahi tau fakalotofonua, ngaahi angatuʻu​—ʻoku fai ia ʻi ha taha pē ʻo e ngaahi fonua kei langalanga haké. ʻOku ʻikai ke fuʻu mahuʻingaʻia lahi ʻa e kakai tokolahi taha ʻi he ngaahi fonua tuʻumālie mo koloaʻiá, ʻi he kakai ʻe vaeua miliona naʻe tāmateʻi ʻi Sutani, pe ko e vahe tolu ʻo e miliona naʻe tāmateʻi ʻi ʻEngikolá. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e faʻahinga ʻoku nau taukaveʻi ko e māmaní kuo ʻi ha vahaʻa taimi ʻo e melino teʻeki ke ʻi ai hano tatau talu mei he ʻosi ʻa e Tau II ʻa Māmaní koeʻuhi naʻe ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha tau ʻi he ngaahi fonua tuʻumālié pea neongo ʻa e tailiili mo e tupulaki fakalilifu ʻo e mahafutaú, kuo ʻikai ke fetauʻaki ʻa e ngaahi puleʻanga mālohí.

ʻOku ʻi Ai ha ʻAmanaki ki he Melinó?

Kapau ko e ʻuhinga pē ʻa e melinó ko e ʻikai ke ʻi ai ha tau niukilia ʻa e māmaní, pea mahalo ʻe lava ʻe ha taha ke taukaveʻi ko e ngaahi puleʻanga ʻo e māmaní kuo nau lavameʻa ʻi heʻenau ngaahi feinga melinó. Ko e founga ko e Fakapapauʻi ʻo e Fefakaʻauhaʻaki (Mutual Assured Destruction) kuó ne taʻotaʻofi mai ʻa e ngaahi puleʻanga mālohí. Ka ko e melino moʻoní ia? ʻOku lava fēfē ke pehē ko ia, ka ko e kakaí ia ʻoku nau nofo pē mo e manavahē ki ha fakaʻauha fakafokifā fakakātoa? ʻOku lava fēfē ke tau lau ki he melinó, ka ʻi he māmaní ia ko e moʻui ʻa e kakai tokolahi kuo maumauʻi, ko ʻenau maʻuʻanga paʻangá kuo maumauʻi, pea ko ʻenau ʻamanaki ki he moʻui mohu ʻuhingá kuo fakaʻauha ia ʻe he ngaahi tau, lalahi mo e iiki?

Naʻe tohi ʻe ha tokotaha maʻu pale Nobel ko Elie Wiesel: “Talu mei tuai, kuo lau ʻa e kakaí ʻo fekauʻaki mo e melinó kae ʻikai ke maʻu ia. ʻOku ʻikai ke ʻi ai haʻatau taukei feʻunga? Neongo kuo tau lau ʻo kau ki he melinó, ʻoku tau fai ʻa e taú. ʻI he taimi ʻe niʻihi ʻoku tau fai ʻa e taú ʻi he hingoa ʻo e melinó. . . . Ko e taú ko ha fuʻu kaunga lahi nai ia ki he hisitōliá ke lava hano fakaʻauha​—ʻo taʻengata.”

Pea ki mui mai naʻe hanga ʻe he tau ʻi he Hahake Lotolotó ʻo luluʻi ʻa e fakakaukau hala ki he melinó. ʻOku ʻuhinga nai ko e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá kuo nau fekumi ki ha matavai hala ki he melinó?

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 3]

“Ko e toʻutangata ko ʻeni ʻo e kakai ʻi he māmani te nau fakamoʻoni nai ki hono fakahoko ʻo e vahaʻa taimi ʻo e melino ʻe ʻikai ala fulihi ʻi he hisitōlia ʻo e sivilaisé.”​—Ko e palesiteni ʻo Lūsia ko Mikhail Gorbachev, ʻi ha fakataha ʻa e kau taki ʻo e ngaahi puleʻangá ʻi Uasingatoni, D.C., U.S.A., Mē 1990

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā]

UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 4]

“Ko ha māmani foʻou ʻo e tauʻatāiná ʻoku ʻi muʻa ʻiate kitautolu . . . , ko ha māmani ʻe tuʻuloa ai ʻa e melinó, ʻa ia ʻe ʻi ai ha konisēnisi ʻo e fefakatauʻakí pea ko e meʻa kotoa pē ʻoku ngalingali malava ʻe malava ia.”​—Ko e palesiteni ʻo e U.S. ko George Bush, ʻi ha fakataha fakaʻikonōmika ʻa e kau taki ʻo e ngaahi puleʻangá ʻi Houston, Texas, U.S.A., Siulai 1990

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā]

UPI/Bettmann Newsphotos

“Kuo holo ʻa e ngaahi ʻā naʻá ne fakangatangata ʻi he taimi ʻe taha ʻa e kakaí mo e ngaahi fakakaukaú. Ko e kau ʻIulopé ʻoku nau fili pē maʻanautolu ʻa e meʻa ʻe hoko kiate kinautolú. ʻOku nau fili ki he tauʻatāiná. ʻOku nau fili ki he tauʻatāina fakaʻikonōmiká. ʻOku nau fili ki he melinó.”​—Fakahā ʻe he NATO ʻi he fakataha ʻa e kau taki ʻo e ngaahi puleʻangá ʻi Lonitoni, ʻIngilani, Siulai 1990

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā ʻi he peesi 2]

Fakatātā he takafi: Tā ʻa e U.S. Naval Observatory (ngaahi fetuʻu); tā ʻa e NASA (māmani)