ʻOku Taʻealamataʻofi ʻa e Fakamaau Taʻetotonú Ia?

“Neongo ʻa e meʻa kotoa pē, ʻoku ou kei tui pē au ʻoku mātuʻaki loto-lelei moʻoni ʻa e kakaí ia. ʻOku ʻikai pē lava ke u langa ʻe au ʻeku ngaahi ʻamanakí ʻi ha makatuʻunga ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e puputuʻu, loto-mamahi, mo e maté.”​—Anne Frank.

KO ANNE FRANK, ko ha kiʻi taʻahine Siu taʻu 15, naʻá ne tohi ʻa e ngaahi lea mahuhuhuhu ko iá ʻi heʻene tohinoá ʻo ʻikai fuoloa ki muʻa peá ne maté. Laka hake ʻi he taʻu ʻe ua, ne toitoi maʻu ai ʻa hono fāmilí ʻi ha funga fata ʻo ha fale ʻi Amsterdam. Naʻe taʻeʻaonga ʻa ʻene ngaahi ʻamanaki ki ha māmani lelei angé ʻi he taimi naʻe lavakiʻi ai ʻe ha tokotaha naʻá ne tala ʻa e feituʻu naʻa nau ʻi aí ki he kau Nasí. ʻI he taʻu hono hokó, ʻi he 1945, naʻe mate ai ʻa Anne ʻi he mahaki typhus ʻi he kemi fakamamahi Bergen-Belsen. Ko e toko ono miliona kehe ʻo e kau Siú naʻa nau tofanga ʻi ha nunuʻa meimei tatau pē.

Ko e faʻufaʻu fakatēvolo ʻa Hitilā ke fakaʻauha ʻosiʻosingamālie ha kakai fakalūkufuá ko e keisi kovi lahi taha ia ʻo e fakamaau taʻetotonu fakamatakalí kuo mātā ʻi hotau senitulí, ka ʻoku ʻikai ko ia pē. ʻI he 1994 naʻe laka hake ʻi he vaeua miliona ʻa e kau Tutisī naʻe tāmateʻi tavale ʻi Luanitā, koeʻuhi pē ko ʻenau kau ki he matakali “hala.” Pea ʻi he lolotonga ʻa e ʻuluaki tau ʻa e māmaní, ʻoku fakafuofua ki he kau ʻAmīnia ʻe toko taha miliona nai naʻe mate ʻi hano fakamaʻa fakaefaʻahinga atu kinautolu.

Ko e Ngaahi Tafaʻaki Anga-Fakamamahi ʻo e Fakamaau Taʻetotonú

ʻOku ʻikai ko e tafaʻaki pē taha ʻo e fakamaau taʻetotonú ʻa e fakaʻauha fakamatakalí. Ko e fakamaau taʻetotonu fakaesōsialé ʻokú ne fakahalaiaʻi ʻa e vahe nima ʻe taha ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ki ha masiva fakatupu mate. ʻOku toe kovi ange ʻeni, ʻoku fakafuofua ʻe he kulupu ki he ngaahi totonu ʻa e tangatá ko e Fakafepakiʻi Fakavahaʻapuleʻanga ʻa e Nofo Pōpulá ʻoku laka hake ʻi he kakai ʻe toko 200,000,000 ʻoku nofo hopoate. ʻOku tokolahi ange nai ʻa e kau pōpula ʻi he māmaní he ʻaho ní ʻi ha toe taimi kehe ʻi he hisitōliá. ʻOku ʻikai nai ke fakatau atu kinautolu ʻi he ngaahi fakatautuki ʻa e kakaí, ka ko ʻenau ngaahi tuʻunga ngāué ʻoku faʻa kovi ange ia ʻi he tuʻunga ʻo e tokolahi taha ʻo e kau pōpula ʻi he ngaahi taimi ki muʻá.

ʻOku kaihaʻasia ʻe he fakamaau taʻetotonu fakaelaó ʻa e ngaahi totonu tefito ʻa e laui miliona. “Ko e ngaahi ngāue fakamamahi ki he ngaahi totonu ʻa e tangatá ʻoku meimei fakahoko pē he ʻaho kotoa, ʻi ha tapa pē ʻi he māmaní,” ko e lau ia ʻa e Fakatauʻatāinaʻi Fakavahaʻapuleʻangá ʻi heʻene līpooti ʻi he 1996. “Ko e faʻahinga ʻoku laveangofua taha aí ko e kau masivá mo e faingataʻaʻiá, tautefito ki he kakai fefiné, fānaú, kakai taʻumotuʻá mo e kau kumi hūfangá.” ʻOku pehē ʻe he līpōtí: “ʻI he ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi, ko e ngaahi faʻunga ʻo e puleʻangá kuo meimei holo, ʻo ʻikai ai ha mafai fakalao ke ne maluʻi ʻa e vaivaí mei he mālohí.”

ʻI he lolotonga ʻo e 1996, ko ha ngaahi fonua ʻe teau naʻe taʻofi mo fakamamahiʻi. Pea ʻi he ngaahi taʻu ki muí ni maí, ne toki mole atu ai ʻa e kakai ʻe laui kilu, ʻoku hangehangē ko hano ʻave fakamālohi ʻe ha ngaahi konga kau maluʻi, pe ko ha ngaahi kulupu tautoitoi. Ko e tokolahi ʻo kinautolu ʻoku fakamahaloʻi pē kuo nau mate.

Ko hono moʻoní, ʻoku pau pē ʻa e taʻetotonu ia ʻa e ngaahi taú, ka ʻoku toe fakaʻau ke lahi ange ʻenau peheé. Ko e faitau ʻi onopōní ʻoku tāketi ki he kakai siviliané, ʻo kau ai ʻa e kakai fefiné mo e fānaú. Pea ʻoku ʻikai ke hoko pē ʻeni ia koeʻuhi ko hono pomu tavale ʻo e ngaahi kolo lalahí. ʻOku angaʻaki ʻa hono tohotohoʻi ʻo e kakai fefiné mo e tamaiki fefiné ʻi he tuʻunga ko ha konga pē ia ʻo e ngaahi ngāue fakakautaú, pea ko e ngaahi kulupu angatuʻu lahi ʻoku nau ʻave fakamālohi ʻa e fānaú ke akoʻi kinautolu ke nau hoko ko e kau tāmate. ʻI he fakamatala ki he ngaahi ʻalunga peheé, ʻoku fakahā ʻe he līpooti “Ola ʻo e Fepaki Fakakautaú ʻi he Fānaú” ʻa e Ngaahi Puleʻanga Fakatahatahá ʻo pehē: “ʻOku fakaʻaʻau ke tokolahi ange ʻa e faʻahinga ʻi he māmaní ʻoku hoko ʻo mimisi atu ʻe he ʻulungaanga māʻulaló.”

ʻOku ʻikai ha toe veiveiua kuo taki atu ʻa e ʻulungaanga māʻulalo ko ʻení ki ha māmani ʻoku hūhū ai ʻa e fakamaau taʻetotonú​—ʻo fakaematakali, fakaesōsiale, fakaelao, pe fakaekautau. Ko hono moʻoní, ʻoku ʻikai ko ha meʻa foʻou ʻeni ia. Laka hake he taʻu ʻe ua afe nimangeau kuo maliu atú, naʻe tangilāulau ai ha palōfita Hepelū: “ʻOku vaivai ʻa e laó mo taʻeʻaonga, pea ʻoku ʻikai ʻaupito ke fai ʻa e fakamaau totonú. Ko e kau tangata koví ʻoku nau kaimoʻui ʻi siʻi kau faitotonú, pea ko ia ai ko e fakamaau totonú ʻoku pikoʻi.” (Hapakuke 1:​4, Today’s English Version) Neongo kuo mafola noa pē ʻa e fakamaau taʻetotonú, ko e senituli 20 kuo pau ke fokotuʻu ia ko e kuonga ʻa ia ʻoku aʻu ai ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e fakamaau taʻetotonú ki he ngaahi tumutumu foʻou.

ʻOku Mahuʻinga ʻa e Fakamaau Taʻetotonú?

ʻOku mahuʻinga ia ʻi he taimi ʻokú ke faingataʻaʻia fakafoʻituitui ai tupu mei ha fakamaau taʻetotonu. ʻOku mahuʻingá koeʻuhi ʻokú ne kaihaʻasia ʻa e totonu ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e matakali ʻi he faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ke fiefiá. Pea ʻoku toe mahuʻinga foki koeʻuhi ʻoku faʻa fakalanga ʻe he fakamaau taʻetotonú ʻa e ngaahi fepaki totoʻia, ʻa ia, ʻoku hoko ai ʻo tafunaki ʻa e kakaha ʻa e fakamaau taʻetotonú.

Ko e melinó mo e fiefiá ʻoku haʻi taʻealaveteki ia ki he fakamaau totonú, ka ʻoku laiki ʻe he fakamaau taʻetotonú ia ʻa e ʻamanakí pea haveki mo e fakatuʻamelié. Hangē ko ia naʻe lāuʻilo fakamamahi ki ai ʻa Anne Frank, heʻikai lava ʻa e kakaí ke langa hake ʻenau ngaahi ʻamanakí ʻi ha makatuʻunga ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e puputuʻu, loto-mamahi, mo e maté. Hangē tofu pē ko iá, ʻoku tau fakaʻamu kotoa ki ha meʻa lelei ange.

Kuo taki atu ʻe he holi ko ʻení ʻa e kakai loto-moʻoní ke nau feinga ke fai ha fakamaau totonu feʻunga ki he sōsaieti ʻo e tangatá. ʻI he ʻuhinga ko iá, ko e Tala Fakahāhā Fakaeʻuniveesi ʻo e Ngaahi Totonu ʻa e Tangatá, naʻe ohi hake ʻi he 1948 ʻe he Fakataha Lahi ʻa e Ngaahi Puleʻanga Fakatahatahá, ʻokú ne fakahā: “Ko e kotoa ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻoku fanauʻi hake ʻi he tauʻatāina pea ʻoku nau tatau ʻi he ngeiá mo e ngaahi totonú. ʻOku fakakoloaʻaki kinautolu ʻa e fakakaukau fakaʻuhinga mo e konisēnisi pea ʻoku totonu ke nau fengāueʻaki ʻi ha laumālie ʻo e fetokouaʻaki.”

Ko hono moʻoní, ko e ngaahi lea māʻolunga ia, ka ʻoku fuʻu kei mamaʻo ʻa e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ia mei hono ʻiloʻi ʻo e taumuʻa fakakoloa ko iá​—ko ha sōsaieti totonu ʻa ia ʻoku fiefia ai ʻa e tokotaha kotoa ʻi he ngaahi totonu tatau pea ʻoku ʻai ʻe he tokotaha kotoa ʻa hono kaungā faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ko hono tokoua. Ko hono ʻiloʻi ʻo e taumuʻa ko ʻení, ʻo hangē ko ia ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe he talateu ʻo e Tala Fakahāhā ʻa e UN, ʻe ngāue ia “ko e makatuʻunga ʻo e tauʻatāina, fakamaau totonu, mo e melino ʻi he māmaní.”

ʻOku mātuʻaki tongiloto moʻoni ʻa e fakamaau taʻetotonú ia ʻi he faʻunga ʻo e sōsaieti ʻo e tangatá ʻa ia ʻe ʻikai ʻaupito lava ai ke taʻaki-fuʻu atu ia? Pe ʻe lava koā ke fakatoka ha makatuʻunga fefeka ki he tauʻatāiná, fakamaau totonú, mo e melinó? Kapau ʻe pehē, ko hai te ne lava ʻo fokotuʻu iá mo fakapapauʻi ʻe maʻu ʻaonga mei ai ʻa e faʻahinga kotoa?

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā ʻi he peesi 3]

UPI/Corbis-Bettmann