“Faʻa Meimei Tuʻutamaki ʻi Tahi”

ʻI HE fakapoʻuli ʻo e poó, ʻoku fakaofi atu ai ha vaka-lā ʻokú ne uta ha kakai ʻe toko 276 ki ha motu ʻi he Metiteleniané. ʻOku helaʻia ʻa e kau kauvaká mo e kau pāsesé mei hono liaki holo ʻe he tahi hoú feʻunga mo e ʻaho ʻe 14. ʻI heʻenau sio atu ki ha fanga ʻi he maʻa ʻa e ʻahó, ʻoku nau feinga ke toho ki ʻuta ʻa e vaká. Ka ʻoku pikisia ʻa e taumuʻá ʻo ʻikai lava ke ngaue, pea ʻoku laiki ʻe he peaú ʻo kongokonga iiki ʻa e taumulí. Ko kinautolu kotoa ʻoku heká ʻoku nau liʻaki ʻa e vaká pea faifai ʻo nau aʻu ki he matātahi ʻo Mēlitá ʻi heʻenau kakau pe ʻi heʻenau pipiki ki he ngaahi lauʻi papa pe ngaahi meʻa kehe. ʻI he mokosiá mo e helaʻiá, ʻoku nau feinga hake mei he fasi ʻa e peaú. ʻOku kau ʻi he kau pāsesé ʻa e ʻapositolo Kalisitiane ko Paulá. Ko hono uta ia ki Loma ki hono fakamāuʻí.​—Ngāue 27:​27-​44.

Kia Paula, ko e vaka ngoto ʻi he motu ʻo Mēlitá naʻe ʻikai ko e ʻuluaki meʻa ia naʻe hoko ʻo fakamanavahē ki heʻene moʻuí ʻi tahí. ʻI ha ngaahi taʻu siʻi ki muʻa ai, naʻá ne tohi: “Tuʻo tolu ʻeku vaka mamate, ko e ʻaho kotoa mo e po moʻeku kakau ʻi he moana.” Naʻá ne tānaki mai ki ai, naʻá ne “faʻa meimei tuʻutamaki ʻi tahi.” (2 Kolinito 11:​25-​27) Ko e folau ʻi tahí naʻá ne tokoniʻi ʻa Paula ke fakahoko ʻa hono ngafa kuo foaki ange ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻi he tuʻunga “ko e aposetolo ʻo e Senitaile.”​—Loma 11:13.

Ko e hā hono lahi ʻo e folau tahi ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí? Ko e hā ʻa e konga naʻá ne fakahoko ʻi hono fakamafola ʻo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané? Naʻe malu fēfē ia? Ko e hā ʻa e faʻahinga vaka naʻe ngāueʻakí? Pea naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e hao ai ʻa e kau pāsesé?

Fiemaʻu ʻa Loma ki he Pisinisi Folau Tahí

Naʻe ui ʻe he kau Lomá ʻa e Metiteleniané ko e Mare Nostrum​—Ko Homau Tahí. Ko hono puleʻi ʻo e ngaahi halanga vaká naʻe mātuʻaki mahuʻinga ʻaupito ia ki Loma ʻo laka hake ia ʻi he ngaahi ʻuhinga fakakautaú. Ko e lahi ʻo e ngaahi kolo lalahi ʻo e ʻEmipaea Lomá ka ʻikai pē ko e ngaahi taulanga, naʻe tokangaʻi kinautolu ʻe he ngaahi taulanga. Ko e fakatātaá, naʻe tuʻu ʻa e taulanga ʻo Lomá ʻi ʻOsitia naʻe ofi ki aí, lolotonga ia naʻe ngāueʻaki ʻe Kolinitō ia ʻa Lekiume mo Senikelea, pea ko ʻAniteoke Sīlia naʻe tokangaʻi ia ʻe Selusia. Ko e ngaahi fetuʻutaki folau tahi lelei ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi taulangá ni naʻá ne fakapapauʻi ʻa e fetuʻutaki vave mo e ngaahi kolo lalahi tefitó peá ne ʻai ai ke faingofua ʻa hono fakalele lelei ʻo e ngaahi vahefonua Lomá.

Naʻe toe fakafalala ʻa Loma ki he folau vaká ki heʻene maʻuʻanga meʻakaí. ʻI he tokolahi ko e toko taha miliona nai, naʻe lahi ʻaupito ʻa e ngaahi fiemaʻu uite ʻa Lomá​—ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e toni ʻe 250,000 mo e 400,000 ʻi he taʻu. Ko e haʻu ʻa e uite kotoa ko iá mei fē? ʻOku lave ʻa Feleiviasi Siosefusi ki he lea ʻa Hēlota ʻAkilipa II ʻo pehē naʻe fafanga ʻe ʻAfilika Tokelau ʻa Loma ʻi he māhina ʻe valu ʻo e taʻú, lolotonga ia naʻe ʻomai ʻe ʻIsipite ʻa e uite feʻunga ke tokoniʻiʻaki ʻa e koló ʻi he māhina ʻe fā kehé. Naʻe laui afe ʻa e ngaahi vaka folau tahi naʻe kau ki hono tokonaki ʻo e uité ki he kolo ko iá.

ʻI he tokoni ki he holi ʻa Loma ki he maʻu-koloá, naʻe tokonaki mai ʻe he pisinisi folau tahi tuʻumālié ʻa e faʻahinga koloa kotoa pē. Ko e ngaahi maka ngaohi mētale, maka, mo e māpele naʻe ʻomai vaka ia mei Saipalo, Kalisi, mo ʻIsipite, pea ko e papá naʻe uta mai ia mei Lepanoni. Naʻe ʻomai ʻa e uaine mei Sīmana, ko e nati mei Tāmasikusi, mo e teiti mei Pālesitaine. Ko e ngaahi ngako faitoʻó mo e lapá naʻe uta ia ʻi Silisia, fulufuluʻi sipí ʻi Mīleto mo Leotisia, tupenu lālangá ʻi Sīlia mo Lepanoni, tupenu fisiʻifekiká ʻi Taia mo Saitoni. Naʻe ʻomai ʻa e meʻa fakalanú mei Taiataila mo e sioʻatá mei ʻAlekisanitulia mo Saitoni. Ko e siliká, tupenú, leí, mo e ngaahi sipaisí naʻe hū mai ia mei Siaina mo ʻInitia.

Ko e hā ʻe lava ke leaʻaki fekauʻaki mo e vaka ko ia naʻe ngoto ʻi Mēlita ʻa ia naʻe heka ai ʻa Paulá? Ko ha vaka uite ia, ko “ha vaka mei ʻAlekisanitulia naʻe folau ki ʻĪtali.” (Ngāue 27:​6, NW, fakamatala ʻi laló) Ko e ngaahi vaka uité naʻe puleʻi mavahe ia ʻe he kau Kalisi, kau Finisia, mo e kau Sīlia, ʻa ia naʻa nau puleʻi mo fakanāunau kinautolú. Kae kehe, naʻe nō ʻa e ngaahi vaká ʻe he puleʻanga Lomá. “ʻI he founga tānaki ʻo e ngaahi tukuhaú,” ko e lau ia ʻa e faihisitōlia ko William M. Ramsay, “naʻe ʻiloʻi ʻe he puleʻangá naʻe faingofua ange ke ʻoange ʻa e ngāué ki he kau ngāue konitulekí ʻi hono fokotuʻutuʻu ʻiate ia pē ʻa e fuʻu kakai ngāue mo e meʻangāue naʻe fiemaʻu ki he ngāue lahi ko iá.”

Naʻe fakakakato ʻe Paula ʻene folau ki Lomá ʻi ha vaka naʻe hingoa ko e “Ongo Foha ʻo Siusi.” Ko e vaka ʻAlekisanitulia mo eni foki. Naʻe toho ia ʻi Piuteolai ʻi he Kūlifa ʻo Naples, ko e taulanga ʻa ia naʻe tau anga-maheni ai ʻa e ngaahi vaka uité. (Ngāue 28:​11-​13, NW) Mei Piuteolai​—ʻi onopooni ko Pozzuoli​—ko e utá naʻe toho ki ʻuta pe ʻave ʻi ha fanga kiʻi vaka iiki ange fakatokelau ʻi he matāfonuá pea ʻalu hake he Vaitafe Tiber ki he uhouhonga ʻo Lomá.

Kau Pāsese ʻi ha Ngaahi Vaka Uta Koloa?

Ko e hā naʻe folau ai ʻa Paula mo hono kau sōtia leʻó ʻi ha vaka uta koloá? Ke tali ʻa e fehuʻi ko iá, ʻoku fiemaʻu ke tau ʻilo ʻa e founga ʻo e folau ʻi tahi ko ha pāsese ʻi he ngaahi ʻaho ko iá.

ʻI he ʻuluaki senituli T.S., naʻe ʻikai ha meʻa ia ai ko ha vaka uta pāsese. Ko e ngaahi vaka naʻe ngāueʻaki ʻe he kau folaú ko e ngaahi vaka fefakatauʻaki. Pea ko e faʻahinga kakai kotoa pē​—kau ai ʻa e kau ngāue fakapuleʻangá, kau potó, kau malangá, kau faimaná, kau tāvalivalí, kau sipotí, kau mēsianití, kau folau ʻeveʻevá, mo e kau pilikimí​—naʻa nau folau nai ai.

Ko e moʻoni, ko e fanga kiʻi vaka iiki kinautolu naʻa nau ʻave ʻa e kau pāsesé mo e utá ʻi he tahi matāfonua. Kuo pau pē naʻe ngāueʻaki ʻe Paula ha vaka pehē ke “laka ai ki Masitonia” mei Taloasi. Ko e fanga kiʻi vaka īkí naʻa nau ʻave nai ia ki ʻĀtenisi pea mei ai ʻo laka hake he tuʻo tahá. Naʻe toe ngāueʻaki nai ʻe Paula ʻa e fanga kiʻi vaka īkí ʻi heʻene folau ki mui ai mei Taloasi ki Patala fou atu ʻi he ʻotu motu ofi ki he matāfonua ʻo ʻĒsia Mainá. (Ngāue 16:​8-​11; 17:​14, 15; 20:​1-6, 13-​15; 21:​1) Ko e ngāueʻaki ʻo e fanga kiʻi vaka peheé naʻe ʻikai fakamoleki ai ʻa e taimí, ka naʻe ʻikai lava ke nau hoko atu ʻo fuʻu mamaʻo mei he fonuá. Ko ia, ko e ngaahi vaka naʻá ne ʻave ʻa Paula ki Saipalo pea mei ai ki Pamifilia mo e ngaahi vaka ko ia naʻá ne folau ai mei ʻEfesō ki Sesaliá pea mei Patala ki Taiá kuo pau pē ʻi he fakakaukau atu ki aí naʻa nau lalahi ange. (Ngāue 13:​4, 13; 18:​21, 22; 21:​1-3) Ko e vaka ʻa ia naʻe hokosia ai ʻe Paula ʻa e vaka ngoto ʻi Mēlitá kuo pau naʻe toe vakai ki ai naʻe lahi. Ko e hā hono lahi naʻe lava ke ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi vaka peheé?

Ko e ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatalá naʻe taki atu ai ha mataotao ʻe taha ke ne pehē: “Ko e meʻa uta [vaka] siʻisiʻi tahá naʻe ʻiloʻi ia naʻe ʻaonga lahi ki he kakai ʻo onoʻahó naʻe toni nai ʻe 70 ki he 80. Ko e lalahi naʻe manakoaʻi lahi ʻo ʻikai ʻi he kuonga pē ʻo Kalisí, ko e toni ʻe 130. Ko ha vaka toni ʻe 250, neongo naʻe vakai maheni ki ai, naʻe mātuʻaki lahi ange ia ʻi he ʻavalisí. ʻI he taimi ʻo Lomá ko e ngaahi vaka naʻe ngāueʻaki ʻi he uta ʻa e ʻemipaeá naʻe toe lalahi ange ia, ko e vaka uta naʻe manakoá naʻe toni ʻe 340. Ko e ngaahi vaka lahi taha kuo ʻi tahí naʻe aʻu ki he toni ʻe 1300, ʻo ala lava ke kiʻi lahi ange ai.” Fakatatau ki ha fakamatala naʻe tohi ʻi he senituli hono ua T.S., ko e vaka uta uite ʻAlekisanitulia ko e Isis naʻe lōloa ia ʻo laka hake he mita ʻe 55, naʻe mita nai ʻe 14 hono māukupú, naʻe ʻi ai hono ʻana naʻe mita ʻe 13 hono lolotó, pea hangehangē naʻe lava ke ne uta ʻo laka hake ʻi he toni uite ʻe taha afé pea mahalo mo ha kau pāsese ʻe lauingeau siʻi.

Naʻe anga-fēfē hono tokangaʻi ʻo e kau folaú ʻi ha vaka uite? Koeʻuhi ko e ngaahi vaká naʻe fakatefito pē ki he uta koloá, naʻe fika ua ai ʻa e tokanga ki he kau pāsesé. Naʻe ʻikai ha meʻakai pe ngaahi tokonaki, tuku kehe pē, ʻa hono ʻoange ha vai kiate kinautolu. Naʻa nau mohe pē ʻi he funga vaká, mahalo ʻi ha ngaahi fakamalumalu hangē ha tēnití ʻi he poʻulí pea tuku hifo he pongipongi taki taha. Neongo naʻe fakaʻatā nai ʻa e kau folaú ke nau ngāueʻaki ʻa e meʻangāue ʻa e vaká ki he feimeʻatokoní, naʻe pau ke nau mateuteu ʻiate kinautolu mo e meʻa kotoa pē naʻe fiemaʻu ki he feimeʻatokoní, kaí, kaukaú, mo e mohé​—mei he ngaahi kuló mo e fakapakú ʻo aʻu ki he moheʻangá.

Folau ʻi Tahí​—Naʻe Malu Fēfē?

ʻI he ʻikai ha ngaahi meʻangāué​—naʻa mo ha kāpasa​—ko e kau kaivai ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí naʻa nau ngāue ʻataʻatā ʻaki pē ʻenau sió. Ko ia ai, naʻe malu taha ʻa e folaú ʻi he lelei taha ʻa e sió​—lahi taha mei he konga ki mui ʻo Meé ki he kongaloto ʻo Sepitemá. Lolotonga ʻa e ongo māhina ʻe ua ki muʻa pea mo e hili ʻa e taimi ko iá, naʻe fai nai ai ʻa e folau ʻa e kau mēsianití. Ka ʻi he lolotonga ʻa e taimi momokó, naʻe faʻa ʻufiʻufi ai ʻe he kakapú mo e ʻaó ʻa e ngaahi kauʻāfonuá pea ko e laʻaá ʻi he ʻahó mo e ngaahi fetuʻú ʻi he poʻulí. Naʻe fai ʻa e vakai ki he folau tahí naʻe tāpuni ia (faka-Latina, ko e mare clausum) mei Nōvema 11 ki Maʻasi 10, tuku kehe ʻa e ngaahi tuʻunga ʻo ha meʻa mātuʻaki fiemaʻu pe fakavavevave. Ko e kau folau ko ia ʻi he konga ki mui ʻo e faʻahitaʻú naʻe ʻi ai ʻa e fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo pau ke nau nofo ʻi he faʻahitaʻu momokó ʻi ha taulanga muli.​—Ngāue 27:12; 28:11.

Neongo ʻene mātuʻaki faingataʻa mo fai fakafaʻahitaʻú, naʻe ʻomai ʻe he folaú ha ngaahi ʻaonga ʻo laka ia he fononga ʻi ʻutá? ʻIo, ko e moʻoni! Ko e folau ʻi tahí naʻe siʻi ange ai ʻa e helaʻiá, maʻamaʻa ange, pea vave ange. ʻI he lelei ʻa e matangí, naʻe lava nai ha vaka ke ne ʻosiki ha kilomita ʻe 150 ʻi he ʻaho. Ko e fakafuofua anga-maheni ki ha fononga lalo lōloa ko e kilomita ʻe 25 ki he 30 ʻi he ʻaho.

Ko e vave ʻo e folaú naʻe meimei fakatuʻunga ʻataʻatā pē ia ʻi he matangí. Ko e folau mei ʻIsipite ki ʻĪtalí naʻe hoko ko ha faitau hokohoko ia mo e ngaahi matangi tuitonú, naʻa mo e ʻi he faʻahitaʻu lelei tahá. Ko e halanga nounou tahá naʻe faʻa fou ia ʻi Lota pe Maila pe ʻi he taulanga kehe ʻi he matāfonua ʻo Lisiá ʻi ʻĒsia Maina. Hili ʻa e fepaki mo e ngaahi afā pea mo e hē mei hono halangá, ʻi he taimi ʻe taha ko e vaka uite ko e Isis naʻe lī taula ia ʻi Pilaivi ko e ʻaho ia ʻe 70 mei heʻene tukufolau mei ʻAlekisanituliá. ʻI he tuʻu mei mui ai ʻa e tokaʻanga matangi fakatokelau-hihifó, ko e mamaʻo ʻo e foki mei ʻĪtalí naʻe hangehangē naʻe lava ke fai ia ʻi he ʻaho ʻe 20 ki he 25. ʻI he fononga he hala ʻi ʻutá, ko e fononga tatau ʻi ha feituʻu pē naʻe fiemaʻu ki ai ʻo laka hake he ʻaho ʻe 150 ʻi he matangi leleí.

ʻOatu Mamaʻo ki Muli ʻa e Ongoongo Leleí

Naʻe lāuʻilo lelei ʻa Paula ki he ngaahi fakatuʻutāmaki ʻo e folau tahi ʻikai ʻi hono faʻahitaʻu totonú. Naʻe aʻu ʻo ne fakahinohino ke ʻoua ʻe fai ha folau ʻi he konga ki mui ʻo Sepitemá pe muʻaki konga ʻo ʻOkatopá, ʻi heʻene pehē: “Kau Matāpule, ʻoku ou vakai ʻoku hangēhangē ka fakatuʻutamaki ʻa e folau ni; pea lahi ʻa e maumau, ʻo ʻikai ʻo e uta mo e vaka pe, ka o ʻetau moʻui foki.” (Ngāue 27:​9, 10) Kae kehe, ko e ʻōfisa pule fakakautaú naʻá ne taʻetokangaʻi ʻa e ngaahi leá ni, pea naʻe iku eni ki he vaka ngoto ʻi Mēlitá.

ʻI he aʻu mai ki he ngataʻanga ʻo ʻene ngāue fakamisinalé, naʻe hoko ai ʻo ʻikai siʻi hifo kia Paula ʻa e vaka ngoto ʻo tuʻo fā. (Ngāue 27:​41-​44; 2 Kolinito 11:25) Ka, ko e loto-moʻua fuʻu tōtuʻa fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi meʻa pehē ʻe ala hokó naʻe ʻikai te ne taʻofi ʻe ia ʻa e muʻaki kau malanga ʻo e ongoongo leleí mei he folau tahí. Naʻa nau ngāue ʻaonga kakato ʻaki ʻa e ngaahi founga kotoa pē naʻe ala lava ʻi he fonongá ke fakamafola atu ai ʻa e pōpoaki ʻo e Puleʻangá. Pea ʻi he talangofua ki he tuʻutuʻuni ʻa Sīsuú, naʻe fai ai ha fakamoʻoni ki he ngaahi feituʻu mamaʻó. (Mātiu 28:​19, 20; Ngāue 1:8) Tupu mei heʻenau faivelengá, ko e tui ʻa e faʻahinga ko ia kuo nau muimui ki heʻenau faʻifaʻitakiʻangá, pea mo e tataki ʻa e laumālie māʻoniʻoni ʻo Sihová, kuo aʻu ai ʻa e ongoongo leleí ki he ngaahi tuliki mamaʻo taha ʻo e māmani naʻe nofoʻí.

[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā ʻi he peesi 31]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.