Moʻui Hili ʻa e Maté—Ko e Hā ʻOku Tui ki Ai ʻa e Kakaí?
“Ka pekia ha tangata, te ne toe moʻui koa?”—SIOPE 14:14.
1, 2. ʻOku anga-fēfē ʻa e kumi fakafiemālie ʻa e tokolahi ʻi he mole meiate kinautolu ha tokotaha ʻoku nau ʻofa ai ʻi he maté?
ʻI HA falemate ʻi he Kolo Niu ʻIoké, ʻoku tuʻu fakaʻotu fakalongomate ai ʻa e ngaahi kaungāmeʻá mo e fāmilí ʻi he veʻe puha mate fakaava ʻo ha tamasiʻi taʻu 17 ʻa ia naʻe fakaʻauha ʻa ʻene moʻui fakatalavoú ʻe he kanisaá. Ko e faʻē loto-mamahí ʻoku toutou lea loʻimataʻia: “ʻOku fiefia ange ʻa Tommy ia he taimí ni. Naʻe fiemaʻu ʻe he ʻOtuá ia ʻa Tommy ke na fakataha ʻi hēvani.” Ko e meʻa ia kuo akoʻi ke ne tui ki aí.
2 ʻI he kilomita nai ʻe 11,000 mamaʻo atu, ʻi Jamnagar, ʻInitia, ko e lahi taha ʻi he foha ʻe toko tolú ʻokú ne tutu ʻa e fefie ʻi he fokotuʻunga fefie fakamomofi ki heʻenau tamai naʻe maté. ʻI he pākakihi ʻa e afí, ʻoku hivehivaʻi ai ʻe he Palamaní ʻa e lotu faka-Sanikuliti motuʻá: “ʻOfa ke hokohoko atu ʻa e soulu ʻoku ʻikai ʻaupito maté ʻi heʻene feinga ke hoko ko e tokotaha moʻoni taupotú.”
3. Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻi kuo fakalaulauloto ki ai ʻa e kakaí ʻi ha ngaahi kuonga?
3 Ko e moʻoni ʻo e maté ʻokú ne takatakai kotoa kitautolu. (Loma 5:12) ʻOku angamaheniʻaki pē kiate kitautolu ke fifili pe ko e maté ko e ngataʻanga ia ʻo e meʻa kotoa. ʻI he fakaʻuta atu ki he vilo takai fakaenatula ʻa e ʻakaú, ko Siope, ko ha sevāniti anga-tonu ʻa Sihova ko e ʻOtuá ʻi he kuonga muʻá, naʻá ne pehē: “ʻOku ai ha ʻamanaki ki he ʻakau, kapau ʻe ta, ʻe toe huli hake, pea ʻe ʻikai tuku ʻene muka.” Fēfē leva ʻa e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá? “Ka pekia ha tangata, te ne toe moʻui koa?” ko e fakaʻekeʻeke ia ʻa Siopé. (Siope 14:7, 14) ʻI he faai mai ʻa e ngaahi kuongá, kuo fakalaulauloto ʻa e kakai ʻi he sōsaieti kotoa pē ki he ngaahi fehuʻi: ʻOku ʻi ai ha moʻui hili ʻa e maté? Kapau ko ia, ko e faʻahinga moʻui fēfē? Fakatatau ki ai, ko e hā kuo hoko ʻo tui ki ai ʻa e kakaí? Pea ko e hā hono ʻuhingá?
Lahi ʻa e Talí, ko e Kaveinga Maheni
4. Ko e hā ʻoku tui ki ai ʻa e kakai ʻo e ngaahi lotu kehekehe fekauʻaki mo e moʻui hili ʻa e maté?
4 ʻOku tui ʻa e kau Kalisitiane lau pē tokolahi ʻi he hili ʻa e maté, ʻoku ʻalu ʻa e kakaí ki hēvani pē, pe ko heli. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá, ʻoku tui ʻa e kau Hinituú ia ki he toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú. Fakatatau ki he tui faka-ʻIsilamí, ʻe ʻi ai ha ʻaho ʻo e fakamaau hili ʻa e maté, ʻi he taimi ʻe fakafuofuaʻi ai ʻe ʻAla ʻa e ʻalunga moʻui ʻo e tokotaha taki taha pea tuku atu ʻa e tokotaha taki taha ki palataisi pe ki he afi ʻo heli. ʻI he ngaahi fonua ʻe niʻihi, ko e ngaahi tui fekauʻaki mo e kau maté ko e tuifio ngalikehe pē ia ʻa e talatukufakaholo fakalotofonuá mo e lotu faka-Kalisitiane lau peé. Ko e fakatātaá ʻi Suli Langikā, fakatouʻosi ʻa e kau lotu-Putá mo e kau Katoliká ʻoku nau tuku fakaava lahi ʻa e ngaahi matapaá mo e ngaahi matapā sioʻatá ʻi he hoko ha mate ʻi honau falé, pea ʻoku nau tuku ʻa e puha maté ʻo laku vaʻe ʻa e tokotaha maté ki he matapā ʻi muʻá. ʻOku nau tui ko e ngaahi ouau ko ení ʻoku nau ʻai ke faingofua ange ai ʻa e mavahe ʻa e laumālié pe soulu ʻo e tokotaha maté. ʻI he lotolotonga ʻo e kau Katolika mo e kau Palotisani tokolahi ʻi ʻAfilika Hihifó, ʻoku angaʻaki ʻa hono ʻufiʻufi ʻo e ngaahi sioʻata kotoa pē ʻi he taimi ʻoku mate ai ha taha koeʻuhi ke ʻoua nai naʻa sio ha taha ki he laumālie ʻo e tokotaha maté. Pea ʻi he ʻaho ʻe 40 ki mui ai, ʻoku kātoangaʻi ai ʻe he fāmilí mo e ngaahi kaungāmeʻá ʻa e ʻalu hake ʻa e soulú ki hēvaní.
5. Ko e hā ʻa e tui tefito ʻoku loto-tatau ki ai ʻa e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi lotú?
5 Neongo ʻa e tuʻunga kehekehe ko ení, ʻoku hā ko e lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi lotú ʻoku nau loto-tatau ʻo ʻikai siʻi hifo ʻi he poini ʻe taha. ʻOku nau tui ko e meʻa ko ia ʻi loto ʻi ha tokotaha—pe ʻoku ui ko e soulu, laumālie, pe faʻahikehe—ʻoku taʻefaʻamate ia pea hokohoko atu ʻene moʻuí hili ʻa e mate ʻa e sinó. Meimei ko e kotoa ʻo e ngaahi lotu ʻe lauingeau mo e ngaahi lotu mavahe ʻo Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané ʻoku nau taukapoʻi ʻa e tui ki he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú. Ko e tui ko ení ʻoku toe hoko ia ko e tokāteline kuo fakamafaiʻi ʻi he lotu faka-Siú. Ko e makatuʻunga tefito ia ʻo e akonaki ʻi he lotu-Hinituú fekauʻaki mo e toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú. ʻOku tui ʻa e kau Mosilemí ia ʻoku moʻui atu ʻa e soulú hili ʻa e mate ʻa e sinó. Ko e kau ʻApo ʻAositelēliá, ko e kau tui faka-ʻAfiliká, tui faka-Sinitoó, naʻa mo e tui faka-Putá, ʻoku nau akoʻi kehekehe kotoa ʻa e kaveinga tatau ko ení.
6. ʻOku anga-fēfē ʻa e vakai ʻa e kau mataotao ʻe niʻihi ki he fakakaukau ko ia ʻoku taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú?
6 ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá, ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e faʻahinga ia ʻoku nau tui ʻoku ngata ʻa e moʻui fakakaukaú ʻi he maté. Kiate kinautolu, ko e fakakaukau ko ia ki he hokohoko atu ʻa ha moʻui fakaeongo mo poto ʻi ha soulu taʻemahino mo taʻesino ʻokú ne mavahe mei he sinó, ʻoku hā mātuʻaki taʻeʻuhinga ʻaupito. ʻOku hiki ʻe he mataotao Sipeini ʻo e senituli hono 20 ko Miguel de Unamuno: “Ke tui ki he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ko e fakaʻamu ia pehē ange mai ʻoku taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú, ka ke fakaʻamua ia ʻaki ʻa e faʻahinga mālohi ko e fili ko ení te ne tāmalaki ʻe ia ʻa e fakaʻuhingá pea fakalaka atu ai.” Ko e niʻihi kehe ʻoku tui meimei tataú ʻoku kau ai ʻa e kakai ʻi he tuʻunga kehekehe hangē ko ia ko e kau filōsefa ʻiloa ʻi he kuonga muʻá ko ʻAlisitōtolo mo ʻEpikuliō, ko e toketā ko Hipokuleitisi, ko e filōsefa Sikotilani ko Tēvita Hume, ko e mataotao ʻAlepea ko ʻAveloisi, mo e ʻuluaki palēmia ʻo ʻInitia hili ʻa e tauʻatāiná, ko Sauahalalala Nehulu.
7. Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻi mahuʻinga fekauʻaki mo e tui ki he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú kuo pau ke lāulea ki ai he taimí ni?
7 ʻI he fehangahangai mo e ngaahi fakakaukau mo e tui fepakipaki peheé, kuo pau ke tau ʻeke: ʻOku tau maʻu moʻoni ha soulu taʻefaʻamate? Kapau ko e soulú ʻoku ʻikai moʻoni taʻefaʻamate, ʻe lava fēfē leva ke hoko ha akonaki loi pehē ko ha konga tefito ia ʻo e ngaahi lotu lahi ʻaupito ʻo e ʻaho ní? Naʻe haʻu mei fē ʻa e foʻi fakakaukaú? ʻOku fiemaʻu ke tau maʻu ʻa e ngaahi tali moʻoni mo fakafiemālie ki he ngaahi fehuʻí ni koeʻuhi ʻoku makatuʻunga ai ʻa hotau kahaʻú. (1 Kolinito 15:19) Kae ʻuluakí, tau sivisiviʻi angé pe naʻe tupu mei fē ʻa e tokāteline ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú.
Ko e Fanauʻi ʻo e Tokāteliné
8. Ko e hā ʻa e ngafa naʻe fakahoko ʻe Sōkolotesi mo Palato ʻi hono fakatupulekina ʻa e fakakaukau ko ia ʻoku taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú?
8 Ko e senituli hono nima K.M. ʻOku taku ko e ongo filōsefa Kalisi ko Sōkolotesi mo Palató naʻá na kau ʻi he fuofua faʻahinga ko ia ke nau fakatupulekina ʻa e tui ʻoku taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú. Ka, naʻe ʻikai ko kinaua ʻa e ongo tupuʻanga ʻo e foʻi fakakaukaú. ʻI hono kehé, naʻá na fakangingila mo liliuʻi ia ki ha akonaki fakafilōsofia, ʻo ʻai ia ke toe fakamānako ange ki he kalasi poto ʻo hona taimí ʻo faai mai ai. Ko hono moʻoní, ko e kau Soloasitā ʻo Pēsia he kuonga muʻá mo e kau ʻIsipite ki muʻa ʻiate kinautolú naʻa nau toe tui foki ki he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú. Ko e foʻi fehuʻí leva eni, Ko e hā ʻa e tupuʻanga ʻo e akonaki ko ení?
9. Ko e hā ha tupuʻanga ʻo e tākiekina ʻoku anga-maheni ʻaki ʻi he ngaahi talatukufakaholo ʻo ʻIsipite, Pēsia, mo Kalisi ʻi he kuonga muʻá?
9 “ʻI he māmani ʻo e kuonga muʻá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e tohi The Religion of Babylonia and Assyria, “ko ʻIsipite, Pēsia, mo Kalisi naʻa nau ongoʻi ʻa e tākiekina ʻa e lotu faka-Pāpiloné.” Fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi tui fakalotu faka-ʻIsipité, ʻoku hoko atu ʻa e tohí ʻo pehē: “ʻI he vakai atu ki he muʻaki fetuʻutaki ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo ʻIsipite mo Papilōniá, hangē ko ia naʻe fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi lauʻimaka ʻElimaná, naʻe ʻi ai moʻoni ʻa e ngaahi faingamālie lahi ki he hūhū ʻa e ngaahi fakakaukau mo e anga-fakafonua faka-Pāpiloné ki he ngaahi lotu mavahe faka-ʻIsipité.”a Ko e meʻa lahi tatau ʻe lava ke leaʻaki fekauʻaki mo e ngaahi talatukufakaholo motuʻa faka-Pēsia mo faka-Kalisí.
10. Ko e hā ʻa e vakai faka-Pāpilone ki he moʻui hili ʻa e maté?
10 Ka naʻe tui ʻa e kau Pāpilone ʻo e kuonga muʻá ki he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú? ʻI he poini ko ení, naʻe tohi ʻe Palōfesa Morris Jastrow, Leka, ʻo e ʻUnivēsiti ʻo Pennsylvania, U.S.A.: “Naʻe ʻikai ʻaupito fehangahangai ʻa e kakaí pe ko e kau taki ʻo e fakakaukau fakalotu [ʻo Papilōniá] mo e ala lava ko ia ke fakaʻauha fakakātoa ʻa e meʻa ko ia ʻi he taimi ʻe taha naʻe ʻi aí. Ko e maté [ʻi heʻenau fakakaukaú] ko ha hala ia ki ha toe faʻahinga moʻui ʻe taha, pea ko e fakaʻikaiʻi ʻo e taʻefaʻamaté [ʻa e moʻui lolotongá] naʻá ne fakamamafaʻi pē ʻa e ʻikai ala lava ke kalofi ʻa e liliu ʻi he moʻuí naʻe fakahoko mai ʻe he maté.” ʻIo, naʻe tui ʻa e kau Pāpiloné ko e moʻui ʻa ha faʻahinga, ʻi ha tuʻunga, naʻe hokohoko atu ia hili ʻa e maté. Naʻa nau fakahaaʻi eni ʻaki hono tanu ʻa e ngaahi meʻa fakataha mo e kau maté ke nau ngāueʻaki ʻi he Moʻui-ka-Hokó.
11, 12. Hili ʻa e Lōmakí, ko e hā ʻa e feituʻu tupuʻanga ʻo e akonaki fekauʻaki mo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú?
11 ʻOku hā mahino, ko e akonaki ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ʻoku foki ia ki Pāpilone ʻo e kuonga muʻá. ʻOku mahuʻinga eni? Ko ia, he ʻi he fakatatau ki he Tohitapú, ko e kolo ko Pēpelí, pe Pāpiloné, naʻe fokotuʻu ia ʻe Nimilote, ko ha mokopuna ua ia ʻo Noa. Hili ʻa e Lōmaki ʻo e foʻi kolopé ʻi he ʻaho ʻo Noá, ko e kotoa ʻo e kakaí naʻa nau lea taha pea naʻe taha pē ʻenau lotú. Naʻe ʻikai ngata pē ko Nimilote ko ha taha “fakafepaki kia Sihova” ka ko ia mo hono kau muimuí naʻa nau loto ke ‘ʻai ke ʻiloa ʻa e hingoa’ ʻo kinautolú. Ko ia ai, ʻi hono fokotuʻu ʻo e koló mo hono langa ai ʻo ha tauá, naʻe fokotuʻu ai ʻe Nimilote ha lotu kehe.—Senesi 10:1, 6, 8-10; 11:1-4.
12 ʻOku pehē ʻe he talatukufakaholó naʻe mate ʻa Nimilote ʻi ha mate fakamamahi. Hili ʻene maté kuo pau pē naʻe hehema ʻi he ʻuhinga lelei ʻa e kau Pāpiloné ke fakamāʻolungaʻi ia ko e tokotaha-fokotuʻu, tokotaha-langa, mo e ʻuluaki tuʻi ʻo honau koló. Koeʻuhi naʻe pehē ko e ʻotua ko Matukú (Melotaki) ʻa e tokotaha-fokotuʻu ʻo Pāpiloné pea ko ha tokolahi ʻo e ngaahi tuʻi Pāpiloné naʻe aʻu ʻo fakahingoa kinautolu ki ai, ʻoku pehē ai ʻe he kau mataotao ʻe niʻihi ʻoku fakafofongaʻi ʻe Matuku ʻa Nimilote ʻi he tuʻunga ko ha ʻotuá. (2 Tuʻi 25:27; Aisea 39:1; Selemaia 50:2) Kapau ʻoku pehē eni, tā ko e foʻi fakakaukau ko ia ʻoku moʻui atu ʻa e soulu ʻo ha tokotaha hili ʻa e maté, ʻoku pau pē naʻe ʻi ai ia ʻi he taimi ʻo e mate ʻa Nimiloté. ʻI ha tuʻunga pē, ko e ngaahi peesi ʻo e hisitōliá ʻoku fakahaaʻi ai ʻi he hili ʻa e Lōmakí, ko e feituʻu tupuʻanga ʻo e akonaki ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ko Pēpeli, pe Pāpilone.
13. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e mafola ʻa e akonaki fekauʻaki mo e soulu taʻefaʻamaté ʻi he funga ʻo e māmaní, pea ko e hā hono olá?
13 ʻOku toe fakahā ʻe he Tohitapú naʻe mioʻi ʻe he ʻOtuá ʻa e ngaahi feinga ʻa e kau langa taua ʻo Pēpelí ʻaki hono fakapuputuʻuʻi ʻenau leá. ʻI he ʻikai lava ke nau fetuʻutaki ʻiate kinautolú, naʻa nau liʻaki ai ʻenau langá pea nau movete mei ai “ki he fuga o mamani kotoa be.” (Senesi 11:5-9, PM) Kuo pau ke tau tuku ʻi heʻetau fakakaukaú neongo naʻe liliu ʻa e lea ʻa e kau teu langa taua ko ení, naʻe ʻikai pehē ʻenau ngaahi fakakaukaú mo e tuí. Ko hono olá, ko fē pē naʻa nau ʻalu ki aí, naʻe ō fakataha ai pē mo kinautolu ʻenau ngaahi fakakaukau fakalotú. ʻI he foungá ni ko e ngaahi akonaki fakalotu faka-Pāpiloné—kau ai ʻa e taʻefaʻamate ko ia ʻa e soulú—naʻe mafola ia ʻi he funga kotoa ʻo e māmaní pea hoko ai ko e makatuʻunga ʻo e ngaahi lotu lalahi ʻo e māmaní. Ko ia naʻe fokotuʻu ai ʻa e ʻemipaea ʻo e lotu loí ʻi māmani, ʻa ia naʻe fakamatalaʻi totonu ʻi he Tohitapú ko “Babilone koe lahi, koe faʻe ae kau feauaki moe gaahi fakalielia oe mamani.”—Fakahā 17:5, PM.
Ko e ʻEmipaea ʻi Māmani ʻo e Lotu Loí ʻOku Fakalahi Fakahahake
14. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e mafola ʻa e ngaahi tui fakalotu faka-Pāpiloné ki he kiʻi konitinēniti ʻo ʻInitiá?
14 ʻOku pehē ʻe he kau faihisitōlia ʻe niʻihi, laka hake he taʻu ʻe 3,500 kuohilí, naʻe ʻomai ai ʻe he peau ʻo e fefolauʻakí ha kakai kili hinehina, ʻIulope mei he tokelau-hihifó ki he Teleʻa Indus, ʻa ia ʻoku tuʻu tefito he lolotongá ni ʻi Pākisitani mo ʻInitia. Mei aí naʻa nau mafola mai ai ki he ngaahi lautoka Vaitafe Ganges pea aʻu ai ki ʻInitia kotoa. ʻOku pehē ʻe he kau mataotao ʻe niʻihi ko e ngaahi fakakaukau fakalotu ʻa e kau folaú naʻe makatuʻunga ia ʻi he ngaahi akonaki faka-ʻIulani mo faka-Pāpilone. Ko e ngaahi fakakaukau fakalotu leva ko ení, naʻe hoko ia ko e ngaahi tupuʻanga ʻo e lotu Hinituú.
15. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e hoko ʻo tākiekina ʻa e lotu-Hinitū ʻo e ʻaho ní ʻe he fakakaukau ki ha soulu taʻefaʻamaté?
15 ʻI ʻInitia ko e fakakaukau ko ia ki ha soulu taʻefaʻamaté naʻe fakafou mai ia ʻi he tokāteline ʻo e toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú. Ko e kau poto Hinituú, ʻa ia naʻa nau fefāingaʻaki mo e palopalema fakalūkufua ʻo e koví mo e faingataʻaʻia ko ia ʻi he lotolotonga ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá, ne nau iku atu ai ki he meʻa naʻe ui ko e lao ʻa Kamá, ʻa e lao ʻo e tupuʻangá mo hono olá. ʻI hono fakatahaʻi ʻa e lao ko ení mo e tui ko ia ki he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú, naʻa nau maʻu ai ʻa e foʻi akonaki ʻo e toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú, ʻa ia ko e ngaahi anga-lelei mo e anga-kovi ʻi heʻete moʻuí ʻoku pehē ʻe fakapaleʻi ia pe tautea ʻi he moʻui ka hokó. Ko e taumuʻa ʻa e anga-tonú ko e mokisā, pe ko e fakatauʻatāinaʻi mei he vilo takai ʻa e toe ngaahi fanauʻi sino foʻoú pea mo e fakataha mo e meʻa ʻoku ui ko e meʻa moʻoni taupotú pe Nevaná. ʻI he faai mai ʻa e ngaahi senitulí, ʻi he mafola ʻa e lotu-Hinituú, naʻe pehē ai pē mo e akonaki ʻo e toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú. Pea ko e tokāteliné ni kuo hoko ia ko e poupou tefito ʻa e lotu-Hinitū ʻo e ʻaho ní.
16. Ko e hā ʻa e tui fekauʻaki mo e Moʻui-ka-Hokó naʻe hoko ʻo ne puleʻi ʻa e fakakaukau mo e ngaahi tōʻonga fakalotu ʻo e fuʻu tokolahi ʻo ʻĒsia Hahaké?
16 Naʻe tupu mei he lotu-Hinituú ʻa e ngaahi tui kehe, hangē ko e lotu-Putá, lotu-Sāiní, mo e lotu-Sīkí. ʻOku toe piki ʻa e ngaahi lotú ni ki he tui ki he toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú. ʻIkai ngata aí, ʻi he hūhū atu ʻa e lotu-Putá ki he lahi taha ʻo ʻĒsia Hahaké—ʻa Siaina, Kōlea, Siapani, mo e feituʻu kehé—naʻá ne uesia fakalūkufua ʻa e talatukufakaholo mo e lotu ʻa e feituʻú kotoa. Naʻe hoko ʻa e meʻá ni ʻo tupu hake ai ʻa e ngaahi lotu naʻe tapua mei ai ʻa e ngaahi tui fefioʻaki, ʻo tali lelei ki ai ʻa e ngaahi ʻelemēniti ʻo e lotu-Putá, fakahaʻele faʻahikehé, mo e lotu ki he fanga kuí. Ko e tākiekina lahi taha ʻi he ngaahi meʻá ni ko e lotu-Taó, lotu-Konifusioó, mo e lotu-Sinitoó. ʻI he foungá ni ko e tui ko ia ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻa e moʻuí hili e mate ʻa e sinó kuo hoko ia ʻo ne puleʻi ʻa e fakakaukau mo e ngaahi tōʻonga fakalotu ʻa e konga lahi ʻo e faʻahinga ʻo e tangatá ʻi he konga ko ia ʻo e māmaní.
Fēfē ʻa e Lotu Faka-Siú, Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiane, mo e ʻIsilamí?
17. Ko e hā naʻe tui ki ai ʻa e kau Siu he kuonga muʻá fekauʻaki mo e moʻui hili ʻa e maté?
17 Ko e hā ʻoku tui ki ai ʻa e kakai ʻoku nau muimui ki he ngaahi lotu faka-Siú, Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané, mo e ʻIsilamí fekauʻaki mo e moʻui hili ʻa e maté? ʻI he ngaahi lotú ni, ko e lotu faka-Siú ʻoku motuʻa tahá. Ko hono tupuʻangá ʻoku foki ia ʻo aʻu ki he taʻu ʻe 4,000 nai kia ʻĒpalahame—ki muʻa ʻaupito ia ʻi hono faʻu ʻe Sōkolotesi mo Palato ʻa e foʻi fakakaukau ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú. Naʻe tui ʻa e kau Siu ʻo e kuonga muʻá ki he toetuʻu ʻa e maté kae ʻikai ʻi he taʻefaʻamate fakaenatula fakaetangatá. (Mātiu 22:31, 32; Hepelu 11:19) Naʻe anga-fēfē leva ʻa e hū ʻa e tokāteline ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ki he lotu faka-Siú? ʻOku tokonaki mai ʻe he hisitōliá ʻa e talí.
18, 19. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e hū ʻa e tokāteline ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ki he lotu faka-Siú?
18 ʻI he 332 K.M., naʻe ikunaʻi ai ʻe ʻAlekisānita ko e Lahí ʻa e Hahake Lotolotó, ʻo kau ai ʻa Selusalema. ʻI he hokohoko atu ʻe he kau fetongi ʻo ʻAlekisānitá ʻa ʻene polokalama fakaului faka-Kalisí, ko ha fio ʻo e anga-fakafonua ʻe ua—ko e faka-Kalisi mo e faka-Siu—naʻe hoko aí. ʻI he faai mai ʻa e taimí, naʻe hoko ai ʻo maheni ʻa e kau Siú mo e fakakaukau faka-Kalisí, pea aʻu ʻo hoko ai ʻa e niʻihi ko e kau filōsefa.
19 Ko Filo ʻo ʻAlekisanitulia, ʻo e ʻuluaki senituli T.S., ko e taha ia ʻo ha filōsefa Siu pehē. Naʻá ne fakaʻapaʻapaʻi lahi ʻa Palato peá ne feinga ke fakamatalaʻi ʻa e lotu faka-Siú ʻi he ngaahi kupuʻi lea ʻo e filōsofia faka-Kalisí, ʻo ne tofa ai ʻa e hala ki he kau faʻu fakakaukau Siu ki muí. Ko e Talamatá—ʻa hono hiki ʻa e ngaahi lao tala ngutu ʻa e kau lāpaí—ʻoku toe tākiekina ia ʻe he fakakaukau faka-Kalisí. “Ko e kau lāpai ʻo e Talamatá,” ko e lau ia ʻa e Encyclopaedia Judaica, “naʻa nau tui ki he ʻi ai hokohoko atu ʻa e soulú hili ʻa e maté.” Naʻe aʻu ʻo akoʻi ʻe he ngaahi tohi misiteli faka-Siu ki mui, hangē ko e Kapalá, ʻa e toe fanauʻi sino foʻoú. Ko ia ai, fakafou ʻi he toe vilo mai ʻa e filōsofia faka-Kalisí, naʻe hū atu ai ʻa e fakakaukau ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ki he lotu faka-Siú. Ko e hā ʻoku lava ke leaʻaki fekauʻaki mo e hū ʻa e foʻi akonakí ki Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané?
20, 21. (a) Ko e hā ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e muʻaki kau Kalisitiané fekauʻaki mo e filōsofia faka-Palató, pe faka-Kalisí? (e) Ko e hā naʻe taki atu ki ha tuifio ʻa e ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa Palató mo e ngaahi akonaki faka-Kalisitiané?
20 Naʻe kamata ʻa e lotu faka-Kalisitiane moʻoní ʻia Sīsū Kalaisi. Fekauʻaki mo Sīsuú, ko Miguel de Unamuno, naʻe lave ki ai ki muʻa angé, naʻá ne tohi: “Naʻe tui ange ia ki he toetuʻu ʻa e kakanó, ʻo fakatatau ki he anga faka-Siú, kae ʻikai ʻi he taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú, ʻo fakatatau ki he anga [faka-Kalisi] faka-Palató.” Naʻá ne fakaʻosiʻaki: “Ko e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú . . . ko ha tokāteline fakafilōsofia pangani ia.” ʻI he vakai ki he meʻá ni, ʻoku lava ai ke tau sio ki he ʻuhinga naʻe fakatokanga mālohi ai ʻa e ʻapositolo ko Paulá ki he kau Kalisitiane ʻo e ʻuluaki senitulí fekauʻaki mo e “poto fiefilosefa, ʻa ia ko e koto muna mo e kākā, ʻo ne holataki kimoutolu ʻi he ʻalunga ʻo e ngaahi tuʻutuʻuni fakaeonoʻaho ʻa e kakai, ʻio, ʻi he ʻalunga ʻo e ngaahi elemeniti ʻo e lotu ʻa ia ʻoku fakamaama, ʻo ʻikai ʻi he ʻalunga faka-Kalaisi.”—Kolose 2:8.
21 Naʻe hūhū ʻanefē mo anga-fēfē ʻa e “tokāteline fakafilōsofia pangani” ko ení ki Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiane? ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e The New Encyclopædia Britannica: “Mei he konga loto ʻo e senituli hono 2 T.S., ko e kau Kalisitiane ko ia ne nau fai ha kiʻi ako ki he filōsofia faka-Kalisí, naʻe kamata ke nau ongoʻi ʻoku fiemaʻu ke fakamatalaʻi ʻenau tuí ʻi hono ngaahi kupuʻi leá, fakatouʻosi pē ki heʻenau fiemālie fakaeʻatamaí pea koeʻuhi foki ke fakaului mai ʻa e kau pangani potó. Ko e filōsofia naʻe feʻungamālie taha kiate kinautolú ko e tui faka-Palató.” Ko ha ongo muʻaki filōsefa pehē ʻe toko ua ʻa ia naʻá na fakahoko ha tākiekina lahi ki he ngaahi tokāteline ʻa Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané ko ʻOliseni ʻo ʻAlekisanituliá mo ʻAokositaine ʻo Hipó. Naʻe tākiekina lahi fakatouʻosi kinaua ʻe he ngaahi fakakaukau ʻa Palató pea naʻe meʻangāueʻaki kinaua ʻi hono fio ʻa e ngaahi fakakaukau ko iá mo e ngaahi akonaki faka-Kalisitiané.
22. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e kei hoko ʻa e akonaki fekauʻaki mo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ʻo tuʻu-ki-muʻa ʻi he ʻIsilamí?
22 Lolotonga ko e foʻi fakakaukau ʻo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ʻi he lotu faka-Siú mo Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané ʻoku tupu ia mei he tākiekina faka-Palató, ko e fakakaukaú naʻe fokotuʻu ia ki he ʻIsilamí mei heʻene kamatá pē. Ko e Kōlaní, ʻa e tohi māʻoniʻoni ʻa e ʻIsilamí, ʻokú ne akoʻi ʻoku maʻu ʻe he tangatá ha soulu ʻa ia ʻoku hokohoko atu ʻa ʻene moʻuí hili ʻa e maté. ʻOkú ne lau fekauʻaki mo e tufakanga fakaʻosi ʻo e soulú ko ha moʻui pē ʻi ha ngoue palataisi fakahēvani pe ko ha tautea ʻi ha afi ʻo heli. ʻOku ʻikai ke pehē ia heni kuo ʻikai feinga ʻa e kau mataotao ʻAlepeá ke fakatahaʻi ʻa e ngaahi akonaki faka-ʻIsilamí mo e filōsofia faka-Kalisí. Ko hono moʻoní, ko e māmani ʻAlepeá, naʻe tākiekina ia ʻo aʻu ki ha tuʻunga lahi ʻe he ngāue ʻa ʻAlisitōtoló. Kae kehe, ʻoku kei hoko ai pē ʻa e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ko e tui ia ʻa e kau Mosilemí.
23. Ko e hā ʻa e ngaahi fehuʻi fakaueʻiloto ʻo fekauʻaki mo e moʻui hili ʻa e maté ʻe fai ʻa e lāulea ki ai ʻi he kupu hono hokó?
23 ʻOku hā mahino, ko e ngaahi lotu takatakai ʻi he māmaní kuo nau fakatupulekina ha ngaahi fokotuʻunga tui fakapuputuʻu ki he Moʻui-ka-Hokó, ʻo makatuʻunga ʻi he foʻi fakakaukau ʻoku taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú. Pea ko e ngaahi tui peheé kuo nau uesia, ʻio, naʻa mo hono puleʻi mo fakapōpulaʻi ʻa e laui piliona ʻo e kakaí. ʻI he fehangahangai mo e ngaahi meʻa kotoa ko ení, ʻoku ueʻi ai kitautolu ke ʻeke: ʻOku malava ke ʻiloʻi ʻa e moʻoni fekauʻaki mo e meʻa ʻoku hoko ʻi he taimi ʻoku tau mate aí? ʻOku ʻi ai ha moʻui hili ʻa e maté? Ko e hā ʻoku leaʻaki ʻe he Tohitapú fekauʻaki mo iá? Ko e meʻá ni te tau lāulea ki ai ʻi he kupu hono hokó.
[Fakamatala ʻi lalo]
a Ko ʻElimaná ko e feituʻu ʻo e ngaahi toetoenga ʻo e kolo ʻIsipite ko ʻAketaloní, kuo taukaveʻi naʻe langa ʻi he senituli hono 14 K.M.
ʻE Lava ke Ke Fakamatalaʻi?
◻ Ko e hā ʻa e kaveinga maheni ʻoku lele ʻi he lahi taha ʻo e ngaahi tui fakalotú fekauʻaki mo e moʻui hili ʻa e maté?
◻ ʻOku anga-fēfē ʻa e tuhu ʻa e hisitōliá mo e Tohitapú ki Pāpilone ʻo e kuonga muʻá ko e feituʻu tupuʻanga ia ʻo e tokāteline ʻo e soulu taʻefaʻamaté?
◻ ʻI he founga fē ʻoku uesia ai ʻa e ngaahi lotu he Hahaké ʻe he tui faka-Pāpilone ki ha soulu taʻefaʻamaté?
◻ Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e hūhū ʻa e akonaki fekauʻaki mo e taʻefaʻamate ʻa e soulú ki he lotu faka-Siú, Puleʻanga-Haʻa-Kalisitiané, mo e ʻIsilamí?
[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 12, 13]
Ko e ikuna ʻa ʻAlekisānita ko e Lahí naʻe taki atu ia ki he tuifio ʻa e ngaahi talatukufakaholo faka-Kalisí mo e faka-Siú
Naʻe feinga ʻa ʻAokositaine ke fio ʻa e filōsofia faka-Palató mo e lotu faka-Kalisitiané
[Maʻuʻanga ʻo e Tā]
Alexander: Musei Capitolini, Roma; Augustine: From the book Great Men and Famous Women