“Ngaahi Vaka Kitimi” Fefolauʻaki ʻi he Ngaahi Potutahí

NAʻE hoko ʻa e tafaʻaki fakahahake ʻo e Metiteleniané ko e faiʻanga ʻo e ngaahi tau lahi fakaefolautahi. Feinga ke sioloto atu ki ha foʻi fepaki ʻe taha ʻi he senituli ʻe nima ki muʻa ʻia Kalaisí. Ko ha vaka ʻoku ʻuli ngaholo moʻoni naʻe ui ko e trireme (vaka naʻe ʻotu tolu ʻa e kau ʻaʻaló) ʻokú ne tukuna atu ʻaki ʻene ʻosi tahá. Ko e kau tangata ʻaʻalo ʻe toko 170 nai ʻi he ngaahi ʻotu fakaholoholo ki ʻolunga ʻe tolu ʻoku nau kīkīvoi ʻaki honau uoua mālohí ʻi heʻenau ʻaʻaló, ʻo nau heke ki mui mo muʻa ʻi honau ngaahi tangutuʻanga fakamolū leta ʻoku fakamaʻu kiate kinautolu.

ʻI he vave ko e noti ʻe fitu ki he hiva, ʻoku tui atu ʻe he vaká ʻa e ngaahi peaú ki ha vaka ʻo e filí. ʻOku feinga ʻa e vaka ʻoku tāketi ki aí ke hola. ʻI he mōmeniti faingataʻa ko ení, ʻokú ne fāinga takai holo pea ʻoku hanga lelei mai ai ʻa e tafaʻaki vaká. ʻOku hangatonu atu ʻa e meʻatui kofu polonise ʻo e trireme ʻo tuiʻi ʻa e tafaʻaki manifi ko ʻeni ʻo e sinoʻivaká. Ko e pākakihi ʻa e motumotu ʻa e ngaahi fonó pea mo e longoaʻa ʻa e matua atu ʻa e tahí ʻi he fuʻu foʻi ava naʻe tuiʻí ʻoku manavahē ai pē ʻa e kau tangata ʻaʻalo ʻa e filí. ʻI he trireme, ʻoku felovaʻi atu mei ai ha kau tau tokosiʻi mo toʻo meʻatau mālohi ʻi he hala kakaʻanga ʻi loto mālie ʻi honau vaká ʻo hifo atu ki he vaka kuo maʻukoviá ʻo ʻohofi kinautolu. ʻIo, ko e niʻihi ʻo e ngaahi vaka ʻi he kuonga muʻá naʻe ikuʻingataʻa moʻoni!

Kuo toʻoa ʻa e loto ʻo e kau ako ʻo e Tohi Tapú ʻi he ngaahi fakamatala mo e kikite ʻe niʻihi ki “Kitimi” pea mo e “ngaahi vaka Kitimi.” (Nomipa 24:24; Taniela 11:30; Aisea 23:1) Naʻe tuʻu koā ʻa Kitimí ʻi fē? Ko e hā ʻoku tau ʻiloʻi fekauʻaki mo hono ngaahi vaká? Pea ko e hā ʻoku totonu ai ke ke mahuʻingaʻia ʻi he ngaahi tali ki aí?

Naʻe lave ʻa e faihisitōlia Siu ko Siosifasí ki Kitimi ko “Ketimosi,” ʻo fakafekauʻaki ia mo e motu ko Saipaló. Ko e kolo lahi ko Kitioni ʻi he tafaʻaki fakatonga-hahake ʻo e motú ʻoku toe fakafekauʻaki ai ʻa Kitimi ki Saipalo. ʻI heʻene tuʻu ʻi he kolosiʻanga ʻo e ngaahi halanga fefakatauʻaki ʻo e kuonga muʻá, naʻe tuʻu lelei ai ʻa Saipalo ke maʻu ʻaonga mei heʻene ofi ki he ngaahi taulanga ʻo e tafaʻaki fakahahake ʻo e Metiteleniané. Koeʻuhi ko e anga ʻene tuʻu fakasiokālafi ke ala kau ai ki ha faʻahi ʻi he tau ʻa e ngaahi fonuá, naʻe toe hoko ai ʻa Saipalo ko ha kaungātau mālohi pe ko ha fakafaingataʻaʻiaʻanga fakatupu hohaʻa.

Ko e Kakai Saipaló mo e Potutahí

Ko e fakamoʻoni mei he ngaahi keli fakatotolo ʻi tahi mo e ngaahi fonualotó, pea pehē ki he ngaahi tohi motuʻá mo e ngaahi tā fakatātā ʻi he naunau ʻumeá, ʻoku tokoni ia kiate kitautolu ke tau sioloto atu ai ki he ngaahi vaka mei Saipaló. Ko e kau foʻu vaka pōtoʻi ʻa e muʻaki kau Saipaló. Naʻe lahi fau ʻa e vaotā fihí ʻi honau motú, pea naʻe hoko ʻa hono ngaahi fanga malú ko ha ngaahi taulanga fakanatula. Naʻe tā hifo ʻa e ʻuluʻakaú ʻo ʻikai ki he foʻu vaká pē ka naʻe toe ngāueʻaki ki hono haka ʻo e kopá—ko ha koloa fakaenatula naʻá ne ʻai ʻa Saipalo ke ʻiloa ʻi he māmani ʻo onoʻahó.

Ko e longomoʻui ʻa e fefakatauʻaki koloa ki tuʻa ʻa Saipaló naʻe ʻikai ke taʻefakatokangaʻi ia ʻe he kau Finisiá, ʻa ia naʻa nau fokotuʻu ha ngaahi kolonia ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu naʻa nau fou atu ai ʻi honau halanga fefakatauʻakí. Ko e taha ʻo e nofoʻanga peheé ko Kitioni, ʻi Saipalo.—Aisea 23:​10-12.

ʻI he hili ʻa e tō ʻa Taiá, ʻoku hā mahino naʻe kumi hūfanga ʻa e niʻihi ʻo hono kakaí ki Kitimi. ʻOku ngalingali, naʻe tokoni lahi ʻa e kau nofo kolonia Finisiá mo ʻenau taukei folau tahí ki he tekinolosia folau tau tahi ʻa e kau Saipaló. Naʻe toe hoko ʻa e tuʻuʻanga lelei fakaetau ʻa Kitioní ko ha maluʻanga lelei ʻaupito ia ki he ngaahi vaka Finisiá.

Kau ʻi he Fefakatauʻaki Fakavahaʻapuleʻanga Longomoʻui

Ko e fefakatauʻaki ʻo e kuonga muʻá ʻi he tafaʻaki fakahahake ʻo e Metiteleniané he lolotonga ʻo e vahaʻa taimi ko ʻení naʻe fihituʻu. Ko e ngaahi koloa mahuʻinga mei Saipaló naʻe ʻave vaka ia ki Kēliti, Sātinia mo Sisilī pea pehē ki he ʻotu motu ʻo e ʻĪsiní. Naʻe maʻu hake ʻi he ngaahi feituʻu ko iá ʻa e ngaahi siā mo e ngaahi vaasi mei Saipalo, pea naʻe maʻu lahi ʻaupito ʻi Saipalo ʻa e naunau ʻumea lelei faka-Kalisi. ʻI hono sivisiviʻi ʻa e ngaahi pā kopa naʻe maʻu hake ʻi Sātiniá, ʻoku tui ʻa e kau mataotao ʻe niʻihi ko e haʻu ia mei Saipalo.

ʻI he 1982 naʻe maʻu ai ha vaka ngoto mei he konga ki mui ʻo e senituli hono 14 K.M. ʻo ofi pē ʻi he matāfonua ʻo e fakatonga ʻo Toaké. ʻI hono keli hake ʻa e vaká ʻi tahí naʻe maʻu hake ai ha ngaahi koloa kehekehe—ko e ngaahi pā kopa ʻoku fai ʻa e tui ko e meʻa mei Saipalo, ko e ʻamipa, ngaahi siā Kēnani, ʻakau ko e ʻeponi, ngaahi nifoʻi ʻelefānite, ko ha ngaahi meʻa teuteu Kēnani ngaohi mei he koula mo e siliva, mo e ngaahi meʻa teuteu fōtunga hangē ha mongomongá mo e ngaahi meʻa kehe pē mei ʻIsipite. ʻI hono sivisiviʻi ʻa e ʻumea mei he naunau ʻumea naʻe ʻi he vaká, ʻoku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi maʻuʻanga fakamatala ʻe niʻihi ko e vaka Saipalo nai ia.

Ko e meʻa ʻoku fakatupu tokangá, ʻi he fakafuofua ki he taimi naʻe ngoto ai ʻa e vaka ko ʻení, naʻe lave ai ʻa Pēlami ki he ngaahi vaka mei Kitimi ʻi heʻene “taʻanga.” (Nomipa 24:​15, 24) ʻOku ngalingali, naʻe hoko ʻa e ngaahi vaka Saipaló ʻo ʻiloa ʻi he Hahake Lotolotó. Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e ngaahi vaká ni?

Ngaahi Vaka Fefakatauʻaki

Kuo maʻu hake ʻa e ngaahi sīpinga ʻumea lahi ʻo e ngaahi vaká ʻi he ngaahi tanuʻanga ʻi he kolo lahi motuʻa ko ʻAmatisi ʻi Saipalo. ʻOku ʻomai ʻe he ngaahi meʻá ni ha fakamatala mahuʻinga fekauʻaki mo e anga ʻo e ngaahi vaka Saipaló, pea mo e niʻihi ʻoku fakaʻaliʻali ʻi he ngaahi misiumé.

ʻOku fakahaaʻi ʻe he ngaahi sīpingá ko e muʻaki ngaahi vaká naʻe hā mahino naʻe ngāueʻaki pē ki he fefakatauʻaki melino. Ko e ngaahi vaka naʻe iiki angé naʻe faʻa ʻaʻalo pē ia ʻe he kau tangata ʻaʻalo ʻe toko 20. Ko e fālahi mo e loloto ʻa e sinoʻivaká naʻe foʻu ia ke uta koloa mo e pāsese ʻi he ngaahi folau nounou ʻi he matāfonua ʻo Saipaló. ʻOku pehē ʻe Pilini ko e Lahí naʻe foʻu ʻe he kau Saipaló ha kiʻi vaka siʻisiʻi mo maʻamaʻa naʻe ʻaʻalo pea naʻe malava ke ne uta ʻo aʻu ki he toni ʻe 90.

Naʻe ʻi ai leva mo e ngaahi vaka fefakatauʻaki lalahi ange hangē ko ia naʻe maʻu ʻo ofi ʻi he matāfonua ʻo Toaké. Naʻe lava ʻe honau niʻihi ke ne uta ʻo aʻu ki he toni koloa ʻe 450 ʻi he vaha noá. Naʻe ʻi he ngaahi vaka lalahí nai ha kau tangata ʻaʻalo ʻe toko 50, ʻo taki toko 25 ʻi he ongo tafaʻakí, pea naʻe mita ʻe 30 hono lōloá fakataha mo ha fanā naʻe laka hake he mita ʻe 10 hono māʻolungá.

Ngaahi Vaka Tau “Kitimi” ʻi he Kikite ʻa e Tohi Tapú

Ko e laumālie ʻo Sihová naʻe ʻaʻana ʻa e tuʻutuʻuni ko ʻení: “E haʻu ae gaahi vaka mei he mata fonua o Kitime, bea e fakamamahi eia a Asilia.” (Nomipa 24:​2, 24, PM) Naʻe hoko moʻoni ʻa e kikite ko ʻení? Naʻe anga-fēfē ʻa e kau ʻa e ngaahi vaka mei Saipaló ʻi hono fakahoko iá? Ko e “gaahi vaka mei he mata fonua o Kitime” naʻe ʻikai ko e ngaahi vaka fefakatauʻaki melino ia naʻe fefolauʻaki ʻi he Tahi Metiteleniané. Ko e ngaahi vaka tau fakatupu mamahi ʻeni ia.

ʻI he liliu ʻa e ngaahi fiemaʻu ki he taú, naʻe fulihi ʻa e ngaahi sīpinga tefito ʻo e vaká ke foʻu ai ha ngaahi vaka naʻe oma mo toe mālohi ange. Ko e fuofua ngaahi vaka tau Saipaló naʻe fakafofongaʻi mai nai ia ʻi ha tā-valivali naʻe maʻu ʻi ʻAmatisi. ʻOku hā ai ha vaka lōloa ko hono taumulí ʻoku ʻalu hake ki ʻolunga ʻo piko mai ki loto, ʻo meimei tatau mo ha vaka tau Finisia. ʻOku ʻi ai hono meʻatui mo hono ngaahi pā maluʻi fuopotopoto ʻi he ongo tafaʻakí ʻo ofi ki he taumulí mo e taumuʻá.

Naʻe mātā ʻi he senituli hono valu K.M. ʻa e ngaahi ʻuluaki vaka ko e bireme (ngaahi vaka naʻe ʻotu ua ʻa e kau ʻaʻaló) ʻi Kalisi. Naʻe mita ʻe 24 nai ʻa e lōloa ʻo e ngaahi vaká ni pea mita ʻe 3 hono fālahí. Naʻe ʻuluaki ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi vaká ni ki hono uta ʻo e kau tangata taú, ka naʻe fai ʻa e taú ia ʻi ʻuta. ʻIkai fuoloa mei ai, naʻe fakatokangaʻi leva ʻa e lelei ke toe tānaki atu ha ʻotu hono tolu ʻo e kau ʻaʻaló, pea mo ha meʻatui kofu polonise naʻe fakapipiki ʻi he taumuʻá. Naʻe hoko leva ʻa e vaka foʻoú ʻo ʻiloa ko e trireme, hangē ko ia naʻe lave ki ai ʻi he kamataʻanga ʻo e kupu ko ʻení. Naʻe tuʻu-ki-muʻa ʻa e faʻahinga vaka ko ʻení ʻi he lolotonga ʻa e tau ʻo Salamisí (480 K.M.) ʻi hono ikuʻi ʻe he kau Kalisí ʻa e folau tau tahi Pēsiá.

Ki mui ai, ko ʻAlekisānita ko e Lahi, ʻi heʻene feinga ke fakahoko ʻene pulé, naʻá ne tuku atu ʻene ngaahi vaka folau tau tahi trireme ʻi he tafaʻaki fakahahaké. Naʻe foʻu ʻa e ngaahi vaká ni ki he tau, ʻikai ki ha ngaahi folau lōloa ʻi he vaha noá, koeʻuhi naʻe fakangatangata pē ʻa e feituʻu ʻatā ki hono tauhi ai ha ngaahi meʻa. Naʻe fiemaʻu ai heni ke fai ha afe ʻi he ʻotu motu ʻĪsiní ke ʻomai ha ngaahi meʻa mo fai ha ngaahi monomono. Ko e taumuʻa ʻa ʻAlekisānitá ke fakaʻauha ʻa e folau tau tahi Pēsiá. Kae kehe, ke lavameʻa iá, naʻe pau ke ne ʻuluaki ikuʻi ʻa e motu kolotau ikuʻingataʻa ko Taiá. Naʻe hoko leva ʻa Saipalo ko ha afeʻanga ia ki ha kiʻi mālōlō ʻi he fononga ki Taiá.

Naʻe kau ʻa e kau Saipaló kia ʻAlekisānita ko e Lahi ʻi he lolotonga ʻo e ʻākoloʻi ʻo Taiá (332 K.M.), ʻo tokonaki ki ai ha folau tau tahi ko e ngaahi vaka ʻe 120. Naʻe taki atu ʻe he ngaahi tuʻi ʻe toko tolu ʻo Saipalo ʻa e ngaahi vaká ke kau fakataha mo ʻAlekisānita. Naʻa nau kau ʻi hono ʻākoloʻi ʻo Taiá ʻa ia naʻe feʻunga mo e māhina ʻe fitu. Naʻe tō ʻa Taia, pea naʻe fakahoko ai ʻa e kikite ʻa e Tohi Tapú. (Isikeli 26:​3, 4; Sakalaia 9:​3, 4) Naʻe foaki ʻe ʻAlekisānita ha mafai makehe ki he ngaahi tuʻi Saipaló ko e fakahāhā ʻo ʻene houngaʻiá.

Ko ha Fakahoko Fisifisimuʻa

ʻOku fakamatala ʻa e faihisitōlia ʻi he ʻuluaki senitulí ko Situlapo ki he fokotuʻutuʻu ʻa ʻAlekisānita ki ha tokoni ko ha ngaahi vaka mei Saipalo mo Finisia ʻi heʻene feingatau ki ʻAlepeá. Ko e ngaahi vaká ni naʻe maʻamaʻa mo faingofua ke veteki, ko ia naʻa nau aʻu ai ki Tifisa ʻi he tafaʻaki fakatokelau ʻo Sīliá ʻi loto ʻi he ʻaho pē ʻe fitu. (1 Tuʻi 4:24) Naʻe malava leva ke fononga vaitafe hifo mei ai ki Pāpilone.

Ko ia ai, ko ha fakamatala hā ngali ʻuliʻulilātai ʻi he Tohi Tapú naʻe fakahoko fisifisimuʻa ia ʻi ha senituli ʻe hongofulu nai mei ai! ʻI he fehoanaki mo e ngaahi lea ʻi he Nomipa 24:​24, ko e fuʻu kau tau mālohi ʻa ʻAlekisānita ko e Lahí naʻe ngaʻunu taʻemālōlō fakahahake mei Masitōnia pea nau ikuʻi ʻa e fonua ko ʻAsīliá ʻo ikuʻi ai ʻa e ʻEmipaea Mītia-Pēsia mālohí.

Naʻa mo e fakamatala fakangatangata ʻoku tau maʻu ki he “ngaahi vaka Kitimi” ʻoku tuhu totonu ia ki ha fakahoko fisifisimuʻa ʻo e kikite ʻa e Tohi Tapú. ʻOku hanga ʻe he fakamatala fakamoʻoni fakahisitōlia peheé ʻo fakaivimālohiʻi ʻetau tuipau ko e ngaahi kikite ʻi he Tohi Tapú ʻoku malava ke falala ki ai. Ko e konga lahi ʻo e ngaahi kikite ko iá ʻoku fekauʻaki mo hotau kahaʻú tonu, ko ia ai ʻoku totonu ke tau vakai fakamātoato ki ai.

[Mape ʻi he peesi 16]

(Ki he konga tohi kuo fokotuʻu kakato, sio ki he tohi)

ʻĪTALI

Sātinia

Sisilī

Tahi ʻĪsini

KALISI

Kēliti

LĪPIA

TOAKE

SAIPALO

Kitioni

Taia

ʻISIPITE

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 16]

Sīpinga ʻo ha vaka tau Kalisi, ko ha “trireme”

[Maʻuʻanga]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 17]

Sīpinga ʻo ha vaka tau Finisia ʻo e kuonga muʻá, ko ha “bireme”

[Maʻuʻanga]

Pictorial Archive (Near Eastern History) Est.

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 17]

Ko ha foʻi vaasi ʻoku hā ai ha vaka Saipalo

[Maʻuʻanga]

Published by permission of the Director of Antiquities and the Cyprus Museum

[Fakatātā ʻi he peesi 18]

Ko ha ngaahi vaka uta koloa ʻi he kuonga muʻá, hangē ko e ngaahi vaka ʻoku lave ki ai ʻi he Aisea 60:9