Ngoue ʻi he Founga Fakanatulá

FALUKU angé ha falukunga kelekele mei hoʻo ngoue vesitapoló. Kuo viviku tuʻu ia ʻi he faitoʻo tāmate vaó, faitoʻo tāmate ʻinisēkité, faitoʻo tāmate kumaá mo e faitoʻo tāmate kainikaveá ʻo hangē ia kuo meimei paʻá? Pe ʻoku fonu ia ʻi he fanga kelemutú, ʻinisēkité mo e fanga kiʻi meʻamoʻui valevale kehekehé? Kapau ko hoʻo kelekelé ʻoku fonu meʻamoʻui, ʻoku hangehangē leva ʻokú ke ngāueʻaki ʻi he ʻilo ki ai pe ʻikai ʻa e ngaahi tefitoʻi lao ʻo e ngoue fakanatulá.

Ko e ngoue fakanatulá ʻoku faʻa kau ai ʻa e ngaahi founga ʻo hono fakaleleiʻi ʻa e tuʻunga ʻo e kelekele ki he ngoué ʻo ngāueʻaki ʻa e ngaahi meʻa moʻui fakanatulá. Ko e taha ʻo hono ngaahi taumuʻá ke fakatupu ha ʻekosisitema ʻa ia ʻoku hoko ai ʻa e ʻakaú ʻo mālohi feʻunga ke ne talitekeʻi ʻa e fanga kiʻi manu maumaú mo e mahakí. ʻI he ngaahi fonua ʻa ia ʻoku ngāue anga-maheni ʻaki ai ʻa e ngaahi kemikale faʻu ʻe he tangatá ki he ngoué, ʻoku tupulekina ai ʻa e mahuʻingaʻia ʻi he ngoue fakanatulá. Ko e hā hono ʻuhingá? Ko e ngaahi ʻuhinga eni ʻe niʻihi.

ʻUluakí, ko e toetoenga faitoʻo tāmate manu maumau ʻoku kei toe ʻi he fuaʻiʻakaú mo e vesitapoló ʻokú ne faʻa ʻomai ʻi he taimi ki he taimi ha tuʻunga mātuʻaki matuʻutāmaki ki he moʻuí. Ke fakatātaaʻí, ko e tohi ko e Pesticide Alert naʻe līpooti ai “ʻi he faʻahitaʻu māfana ʻo e 1985, meimei ko e kakai ʻe toko 1,000 ʻi he ngaahi siteiti Hihifo ʻe niʻihi [ʻo e ʻIunaite Seteté] mo Kānata naʻa nau konā ʻi he toetoenga ʻo e faitoʻo tāmate manu maumau ko e Temik ʻi he melení.”

Tānaki atu ki ai, ʻoku sio ʻa e kakai tokolahi ki he ngoue fakanatulá ko ha founga ia ki hono maluʻi ʻo e ʻātakaí. Ko e fanga kiʻi manu maumau ʻe niʻihi kuo hoko ʻo ʻikai toe uesia kinautolu ʻi hono toutou ngāueʻaki ʻo e ngaahi kemikale tāmate manú, ko ia kuo fakatupu ai ʻe he kau saienisí ha ngaahi kona ʻoku toe fakatuʻutāmaki ange ia. Ko e ngaahi kemikale mālohi ko ení ʻoku tafe leva ia ki he vai ʻi lolofonuá ʻo ne ʻuliʻi ʻa ʻetau maʻuʻanga vai mahuʻingá.

Ko e toe ʻaonga ʻe taha ʻo e ngoue fakanatulá he ʻoku siʻi ai ʻa e veve ʻoku laku ki heʻetau tanuʻanga vevé. ʻOku malava fēfē ia? Ko e keikeinangá mo e veveʻi ʻakaú ʻoku kau ia ʻi he fuʻu konga lahi ʻo ʻetau vevé. ʻI he ʻikai ke laku kinautolú, ko e ngaahi ʻelemēniti fakanatula ko ení ʻe lava ke fokotuʻu taha ia pea tuku ke ʻauʻaunga, ʻo maʻu ai ha komipauni mohu ivi ʻoku ui ko e komiposi. Ko ha fefiohi pehē ʻe ʻikai nai fakamānako ke fakakaukau ki ai, ka ki ha fuʻu ʻakau ko ha meʻakai ifo ia!

Fakaʻosí, ʻoku vakai ʻa e niʻihi ki he ngoue fakanatulá ko ha founga ia ke fakamālohisino ai, fiefia ʻi he tau mai ʻa e laʻaá, ngāueʻi ʻa e kelekelé pea mamata ki he tupu ʻa e fanga kiʻi tenga īkí ko ha ʻakau maʻuiʻui. ʻOku ongo fakamānako kiate koe ʻa e ngoue fakanatulá? Tau kamata leva! ʻUluakí, te tau vakai ki he kelekele ʻi hoʻo ngoué.

ʻOku Tupu Fēfē ʻa Hoʻo Ngoué?

Ko e ngaahi ngoue lahi ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e kelekele ʻumea pe kelekele touʻone. Ko e kelekele touʻoné ʻoku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi pātikolo lalahi ʻokú ne fakaʻatā ʻa e vaí mo e meʻakaí ke ʻauhia vave ʻaupito ʻi heʻene ʻaonga ki he ngāue ʻa e aká. ʻI he tafaʻaki ʻe tahá, ko e kelekele ʻumeá, ʻoku faʻuʻaki ia ʻa e fanga kiʻi ʻotu iiki ʻoku nau fepikipikiʻi fakataha ʻo hala pē ha ʻikai malava ʻa e vaí ke hū hifo ʻi he fukahi kelekele fefeká, pea tafe atu ia, pe ko ʻene hū hifo ʻo fihiatuʻu ai ʻo ne fakafulutāmakiaʻi ʻa e aka ʻo e ʻakaú.

ʻOku moʻui lelei ʻa e akaʻi ʻakaú ʻi he kelekele ko ia ʻoku palanisi ai ʻa e ngaahi pātikolo ʻokú ne puke ʻa e hauhau feʻunga ke tauhi ai ʻa e aká mei haʻane mātuʻu lolotonga ia hono tukuange ʻa e vai ʻoku hulú ke ʻalu. ʻOku ui ʻe he kau tō ngoué ʻa e fio ko ení ko e loame. ʻI he kelekele peheé, ʻoku tafe tauʻatāina ai ʻa e ʻeá ʻo fakaʻatā ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi meʻamoʻui valevalé ke fakahoko ʻenau ngāue ko hono tānaki ʻa e meʻakai ki he kelekelé.

Ko ha konga lahi ʻo e meʻa fakanatulá—ʻa e komiposí—ʻoku totonu ke tānaki ia ki he kelekele ʻumeá mo e touʻoné ke maʻu ai ha tuʻunga palanisi. ʻI he taimi ʻoku tata ai ia ki he kelekelé, ʻoku hanga ʻe he komiposí ʻo fakaleleiʻi ʻa e kelekelé. Koeʻuhi ko ʻene hangē ha ulapa moluú ʻo ne puke ʻa e hauhaú, ʻoku ʻikai fuʻu fiemaʻu ai ʻa hono fuʻifuʻí. ʻOku haʻu ʻa e komiposí kuo fonu ʻi he pekitīlia ʻaonga ʻe laui miliona ʻa ia te nau hokohoko atu ke veteki ʻa e meʻa kuo ʻauʻaungá, ʻo liliu ia ki ha meʻakai ʻoku fiemaʻu ʻe he ʻakaú koeʻuhi ke tupu ʻāfaʻafa ai. ʻOku toe tokoni ʻa e komiposí ke fakapalanisi ʻa e kelekelé ke ʻoua ʻe fuʻu lahi ʻi he ʻēsití pe ʻalakalaí.

ʻI he taimi ʻoku palau ai ʻa e kelekelé, ko e ngaahi ʻakau fakalelei kelekele ʻoku faiaka loloto ʻo hangē ko e kolová mo e lusení, ʻokú ne fakamomoiki ʻa e ngaahi konga kelekele lalahí pea fakalahi ai ʻa e meʻa fakanatulá. Ko e ʻakau mōmoá—hangē ko ha ʻotu veveveveʻi musie pe efuefuʻi papa ʻoku laku ʻi he fukahi kelekelé—ʻoku toe ʻaonga foki ia ki hono liliu ʻa e faʻunga ʻo e kelekelé.

Ko e kelemutu fai-meʻa-lavá ko ha helo tuʻu-ki-muʻa ia ʻi hono fakaleleiʻi ʻa e kelekele ʻi hoʻo ngoué. ʻI heʻene keli loloto ki he kelekelé—ʻo aʻu hifo ki he mita ʻe 4—ʻoku ʻomai ʻe he kelemutú ʻa e ʻea ki he kelekelé, ʻohake ʻa e minulolo kehekehe ki he fukahi kelekelé pea tokonaki mo e fakatafenga lelei ange ki he vaí. ʻI he foʻi ngāue ko ení, ʻokú ne toe tuku mai ai mo ha teʻe kelemutu, ʻa ia fakatatau ki he tohi Step by Step Organic Vegetable Gardening, ʻoku “liunga nima ʻa ʻene mohu ʻi he naitolokená, fosifolasí mo e potasiumé [ʻo hangē] ko e kelekele takatakaí.”

Potó, Manupuná mo e Kutú —Ngaahi Takanga ʻo Hoʻo Ngoué

‘Kae fēfē ʻa e fanga kiʻi manu maumau ʻo e ngoué?’ te ke ʻeke nai. ‘ʻE lava fēfē ke u seʻe kinautolu ʻo ʻikai ngāueʻaki ʻa e faitoʻo tāmate manu maumaú?’ ʻOua naʻa ngalo ko e ngaahi faitoʻo tāmate manu maumaú ʻoku fakalaka atu ʻa ʻene fakaʻauhá ʻi he fanga kiʻi manu maumau ʻoku ʻikai fiemaʻú. ʻOku nau toe toʻo foki ʻa e fanga kiʻi meʻamoʻui ʻaonga ʻo hangē ko e kelemutú mo e talingelingá. Manatuʻi foki, ko e potó ʻoku ʻaonga ki he ngoué. ʻE lava ke kai ʻe ha poto ʻo laka hake ʻi he ʻinisēkite maumau ʻe 10,000 ʻi he māhina ʻe tolu. Ko e fanga potó ʻoku ʻikai ko e kau kai filifili. Ko ʻenau meʻakaí ʻoku kau ai ʻa e ngaahi fili ʻo e ʻakaú ʻo hangē ko e kālihí, kutu ʻo e hiná, tent caterpillar, armyworm, ʻunufe ʻo e gypsy-moth mo e mamá.

ʻOku ʻaonga foki ʻa e manupuná ʻi hono taʻotaʻofi ʻa e manu maumau ʻo e ngoué. Ko ha foʻi manupuna valevale naʻe vakai ki ai ʻokú ne fafanga “ʻa hono ʻuhikí ʻaki ʻa e fanga kiʻi hina mo e ʻunufe ʻe 500 ʻi ha efiafi māfana,” ʻo fakatatau ki he tohi Gardening Without Poisons. Kapau te ke loto ke fakaafeʻi ha ngaahi foʻi manupuna tokosiʻi valevale pe ko ha fanga manupuna kai ʻinisēkite kehe ki hoʻo ngoué, tautau ha fafanga manupuna pe ko ha kiʻi pununga ke hā lelei atu ki ai. ʻE ʻikai fuoloa kuó ke sio ki hono tali ʻa hoʻo “fakaafé”! Pea ki he kutú? Ko e fanga ʻinisēkite lahi ʻoku ʻaonga ki he ngoué ʻoku nau pō ʻa e fanga kiʻi ʻinisēkite maumaú. Kapau te ke fakatau mai ʻa e fonu ʻutá ʻo tukuange ʻi hoʻo ngoué, te nau kumi leva ki honau mamaná, ʻa e ʻēfití. Ko e fuaʻi mokomokotuʻaniú ʻe malava foki mo ia ke fakatau mai ʻo tuku ʻi he ngoué. ʻI he fofoa ʻa e fuá, ʻe keina ʻe he mokomokotuʻaniú ʻa e meimei ʻinisēkite kotoa pē ʻoku kolosi fakatoʻotoʻa atu ʻi honau halá.

Ko e ʻAkaú pea mo Hono Taʻotaʻofi ʻo e Manu Maumaú

ʻE malava ke ke ngāueʻaki ʻa e faʻahinga pau ʻo e ʻakaú ke taʻotaʻofiʻaki ʻa e tokolahi ʻo e manu maumau ʻi hoʻo ngoué. Tō ʻa e ʻakau ʻoku fehiʻa ai ʻa e fanga kiʻi manu maumau ʻo e ngoué ʻo hoko atu ki he ʻakau ʻoku fiemaʻu ke maluʻí. Ko e fakatātaá, ko e ponu kainikaveá, ʻa ia ʻokú ne ʻohofi ʻa e aka ʻo e ngaahi ʻakau lahi pea fakangāvaivaiʻi kinautolú, ʻoku taka mamaʻo ia mei he melekoulá. Pea ko e fanga kiʻi pepe hinehina ʻi he kāpisí ʻoku seʻe ia ʻe he losemelé, seisí, pe taimé ʻi he taimi ʻoku tō ai eni ʻo ofi ki he kāpisí. Kae kehe, ko ha fakatokanga ʻoku taau ke tokanga ki ai: ʻOku ʻi ai ʻa e ngaahi ʻakau ʻe niʻihi ʻokú ne tohoakiʻi ʻe ia ʻa e fanga kiʻi manu maumau ʻo e ngoué.

Ko hono tō fulifulihi ʻo e ʻakaú ko ha founga ʻaonga ia ki hono taʻotaʻofi ʻo e manu maumaú mo e mahakí. ʻI he ʻikai ke tō ʻa e faʻahinga ʻakau tatau ʻi he feituʻu tatau pē ʻi he taʻu kotoá, te ke loto nai ke fulihi holo ʻa e ʻakau ʻi hoʻo ngoué. ʻI he founga ko iá te ke taʻofi ai ʻa e mafola takai ʻa e mahakí mo e mafola ʻa e manu maumaú.

Ko e ngoue fakanatulá ʻe lava ke hoko ia ko e pole, ʻo fiemaʻu ki ai ʻa e taimi mo e kātaki. Ke langa hake hoʻo kelekelé ki ha tuʻunga moʻui lelei ʻo fakafou ʻi he founga fakanatulá ʻe feʻunga ia mo e lau māhina lahi. Te ke tofanga nai mo ha ngaahi fakaholomui, pea ʻi hoʻo hokosia iá, ʻe fakataueleʻi nai ai koe ke ke ngāueʻaki ha faitoʻo fana kemikale. Kae kehe, ki muʻa ke ke fai peheé, kiʻi tuʻu ʻo fakakaukau ki he ʻaonga fuoloa ʻo e fakaʻehiʻehi mei he ngaahi kona ʻo e kemikalé. Neongo ia, kapau ʻokú ke kātaki, ʻe ʻikai fuoloa kuó ke maʻu ha ngoue ʻoku fua mai ko e vesitapolo ifo tupu fakanatula ʻa ia ʻoku siʻi ange ʻa hono uesia ʻe he ngaahi palopalema ʻo e manu maumaú mo e mahakí ʻi he faʻahinga kehé. Ko e moʻoni, ʻe ʻikai ke haohaoa hoʻo ngoué, ka te ke hoko nai ʻo fiefia ʻi hono ngaahi olá. Ko ia, kapau ʻoku fakamānako kia koe ʻa e ngoué, ko e hā ʻoku ʻikai ʻahiʻahi tō ai haʻo ngoue pē ʻaʻau ʻa ē ʻoku tupu fakanatulá?

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Kelekele ʻumea

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Kelekele touʻone

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Loame

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Ngaahi Takanga ʻo Hoʻo Ngoué

ʻE lava ke kai ʻe ha poto ʻo laka hake ʻi he ʻinisēkite maumau ʻe 10,000 ʻi he māhina ʻe tolu

Ko ha foʻi manupuna valevale naʻe vakai ʻokú ne fafanga “ʻa hono ʻuhikí ʻaki ʻa e fanga kiʻi hina mo e ʻunufe ʻe 500 ʻi ha efiafi māfana”

ʻOku ʻomai ʻe he kelemutú ʻa e ʻea ki he kelekelé pea ʻohake mo e ngaahi minulolo kehekehe ki he fukahi kelekelé

Ko e mamana ʻo e fonu ʻutá ko e ʻēfití, ko ha ʻinisēkite maumau

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ʻI hono tata ki he kelekelé, ʻoku hanga ʻe he komiposí ʻo fakaleleiʻi ʻa e kelekelé