Baibolo la Ciyowoyero Ico Mukucimanya
NKHWANTHA ya masambiro Alan Duthie, mu buku lake yikalemba kuti: ‘Usange mukugomezga kuti Baibolo ni mazgu Ciuta agho wali kupeleka ku ŵanthu, cikung’anamura kuti Ciuta wakuyowoya nase. Usange pa umoyo winu mukutemwa kusopa, ipo uthenga wa mu Baibolo ukwenera kuŵa mu ciyowoyero ico mukucimanya.’—Bible Translations: And How to Choose Between Them.
Awo ŵakutemwa Mazgu gha Ciuta, ŵakuzomerezga mazgu agha na mtima wose. Ŵali na cigomezgo cose kuti “Malemba ghose ngakupelekeka na Ciuta mwa mzimu ndipo ngacandulo pa kusambizga, kucenya, kunyoloska vinthu, na kulanga mu urunji.” (2 Timote 3:16) Baibolo kuti ni buku lamwaka lambura nchito yayi. Ni buku ‘lamoyo, ndiposo lankhongono,’ likuyowoya nthowa zakovwira kumazgira masuzgo gha ŵanthu. (Ŵahebere 4:12) Kweni kuti awo ŵakuŵazga buku lakupatulika ili ŵapulikiske na kulondezga ivyo likuyowoya, likwenera kuŵa mu ciyowoyero ico ŵakucimanya. Ndipo ilo ŵakuti Tesitamenti la Sono, likalembeka mu Cigiriki capacanya ca ŵanthu ŵavinjeru nga ni Plato yayi, kweni mu Cigiriki cipusu cakucemeka Koine. Baibolo likalembeka mwakuti ŵanthu wose ŵaliŵazge na kulipulikiska.
Kuti ŵanthu ŵalipulikiske, Baibolo lang’anamurika mu viyowoyero vinandi. Ici cawovwira comene kuti ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵaŵe na mwaŵi wa kuŵazga Malemba. Ndipouli, Mabaibolo ghanandi agho ghang’anamurika ghakulongosora makora yayi fundo zinyake, ndipo mazgu ghanyake ghakuyana ghakulembeka mwakupambana. Mwaciyelezgero, Mabaibolo ghanyake ghakutimbanizga ivyo mazgu gha Ciuta ghakusambizga pa nkhani ya ŵakufwa, umo umoyo wa munthu uliri, na zina la Ciuta waunenesko.
Imwe mukutemwa Mazgu gha Ciuta, mukakondwa apo Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, Mateyu—Uvumbuzi likafumiskika mu Citumbuka. Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ŵakapharazga kufumiskika kwa Baibolo ili pa ungano wa cigaŵa wa cilimika ca 2008. Baibolo ili likukhozgera visambizgo vya visopa yayi, kweni likulongosora vinthu umo viliri nadi, ndipo likutovwira kupulikiska fundo izo kwakale mphanyi takhumbikwiranga kumanya dankha viyowoyero vyakale kuti tizipulikiske. Kweni mungafumba kuti ni njani wali kung’anamura Baibolo ili?
Ŵang’anamuri Awo Ŵali Kupeleka Ucindami kwa Ciuta
Nangauli Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, Mateyu—Uvumbuzi lafumiskika sonosono mu Citumbuka, kweni mu Cingelezi likafumiskika mu 1950. Likafumiskika na Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, wupu wa pa caru cose uwo wasindikizga Mabaibolo kwa nyengo yitali. Mutu wa Baibolo ili ngwapadera, cifukwa ukupambana na mitu ya Mabaibolo ghanyake agho ghakugaŵa Baibolo kuŵa matesitamenti ghaŵiri, “la kale” na “la sono.” Kweni ici nchimoza waka mwa vinthu vinandi vyapadera mu Baibolo ili. Gongwe la Mulinda la Cingelezi la Seputembala 15, 1950, likuti: “Awo ŵakaŵa mu wupu wakung’anamura ŵakakhumba kuti . . . ŵaleke kumanyikwa, ndipo ŵakakhumba yayi kuti nanga ni mazina ghawo ghalembeke kwali apo ŵacali ŵamoyo panji para ŵafwa. Cilato ca Baibolo ili nkhutumphuska zina la Ciuta wamoyo, uyo ni Ciuta waunenesko.”
Baibolo lose la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya mu Cingelezi likafumiskika mu 1961. Nangauli mazina gha awo ŵakang’anamura ghakumanyikwa yayi mpaka sono, kweni tikumanya ivyo vikaŵa mu mitima yawo ndiposo kujipeleka kwawo kwa Ciuta. Malonje gha mu Baibolo ilo likasindikizgika mu 1984 ghakuti: “Kung’anamura Malemba Ghakupatulika cikung’anamura kulemba maghanoghano na mazgu gha Yehova Ciuta kuya mu ciyowoyero cinyake. . . . Ŵang’anamuri ŵa mulimo uwu, ŵakopa na kutemwa Mweneco wa Malemba Ghakupatulika, ndipo ŵakuwona kuti ŵali na nchito yapadera yakuti ŵalembe maghanoghano na mazgu ghake umo ghaliri nadi.”
Cilato cawo cikaŵa ciwemi nadi, kweni kasi awo ŵakaŵa mu komiti ya kung’anamura ŵakaŵa ŵakwenelera kucita nchito iyi? Nkhwantha zinyake za masambiro izo zikakhorwa yayi na mulimo uwu zikati, pakuti mazina na masambiro gha awo ŵakacita nchito iyi vindazunurike, cikulongora kuti Baibolo ili lili kung’anamulika na ŵanthu ŵalemwa. Kweni ni nkhwantha zose yayi izo zikughanaghana nthena. Alan S. Duthie wakalemba kuti: “Usange tamanya awo ŵakang’anamura panji kusindikizga Baibolo, kasi cikutovwira kuwona usange lili kung’anamulika makora panji yayi? Viŵi yayi. Palije nthowa yinyake yakumanyira usange Baibolo lili kung’anamulika makora kuluska kusanda lililose palekha.”a
Ici ndico ŵacita ŵaŵazgi ŵanandi. Kuzakafika muhanya uno, Mabaibolo ghakujumpha 154,611,000 gha Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya ghasindikizgika mu vigaŵa panji ghamsuma, mu viyowoyero 77 pa caru cose. Kasi ni vinthu wuli ivyo ŵaŵazgi ŵanandi ŵasanga?
Baibolo Ilo Likutuŵiska Zina la Ciuta
Pa Mateyu 6:9, Yesu wakasambizga ŵasambiri ŵake kulomba kuti: “Ŵadada ŵithu imwe muli kucanya, zina linu lituŵiskike.” Kweni mu Mabaibolo ghanandi mulije zina leneco la Ciuta, ndipo ŵakumucema waka kuti “Ciuta” panji “Fumu.” Kweni pakwamba ndimo vikaŵira yayi. Mu Malemba ghakwamba gha Cihebere, Ciuta wakamanyikwanga na zina lake lakuti “Yehova,” ilo likaŵa mu malo pafupifupi 7,000. (Exodus 3:15; Salmo 83:18) Vilimika vikati vyalutapo, cifukwa ca vigomezgo vyautesi, Ŵayuda ŵakamba kopa kuzunura zina la Ciuta, ndipo ŵakaleka. Ŵapositole ŵa Yesu ŵakati ŵafwa, vigomezgo vyautesi ivi vikanjira mu mpingo Wacikhristu. (Yelezgerani na Milimo 20:29, 30; 1 Timote 4:1) Awo ŵakakoperanga Malemba gha Cigiriki, ŵakamba kuwuskamo zina la Ciuta lakuti Yehova, na kulembamo mazgu gha Cigiriki ghakuti Kyʹri·os na The·osʹ. Lizgu lakuti Kyʹri·os likung’anamura “Fumu” ndipo lakuti The·osʹ likung’anamura “Ciuta.”
Nchakukondweska kuti mu Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, zina lakuti Yehova lili kuwezgekeramo mu Malemba gha Cigiriki (‘Tesitamenti la Sono’), ndipo likusangika mu malo ghakukwana 237. Pakucita ici, ŵang’anamuri ŵakucitiramo bweka yayi, kweni ŵakusambira dankha. Ciyelezgero ni lemba la Luka 4:18, ilo likuwerezgapo mazgu agho ghali pa Yesaya 61:1. Mu Malemba ghakwamba gha Cihebere, zina lakuti Yehova likaŵapo pa vesi ili mu buku la Yesaya.b Ntheura, nchakwenelera kuti mu Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, lemba la Luka 4:18 likuti: “Mzimu wa Yehova uli pa ine, cifukwa wali kuniphakazga kuti nipharazge makani ghawemi ku ŵakavu.”
Pakuti mazgu agha ghali kung’anamulika ntheura, ŵaŵazgi ŵakovwirika kupambaniska pakati pa Yehova Ciuta na Mwana wake wapadera, Yesu Khristu. Mwaciyelezgero, Mabaibolo ghanandi pa Mateyu 22:44 ghakuti: “Fumu yikanena na Fumu yane.” Kweni kasi uyo wakuyowoya na munyake apa ni njani? Mazgu gha vesi ili ghali kufuma pa Salmo 110:1, ndipo mu Malemba ghakwamba gha Cihebere zina la Ciuta lilipo. Ntheura, mu Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya vesi ili likuti: “Yehova wakati ku Fumu yane: ‘Khala ku woko lane lamalyero, mpaka niŵike ŵalwani ŵako kusi ku malundi ghako.’” Pakukhumbikwiraso masambiro ghapadera yayi kuti tipulikiske mphambano pakati pa Yehova Ciuta na Mwana wake nga umo Malemba ghakuyowoyera. (Mariko 13:32; Yohane 8:17, 18; 14:28) Kuti munthu wazakapone, wakwenera kumanya Yehova na Yesu. Kweniso, lemba la Milimo 2:21 likuti: “Waliyose uyo wakucema pa zina la Yehova wazamuponoskeka.”
Ndaunenesko Ndiposo Likupulikikwa Makora
Pali fundo zinyake zapadera zakukhwaskana na Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya. Baibolo la Cingelezi la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya ŵakaling’anamura kufuma ku Baibolo la Cigiriki lakunozgeka makora la Westcott na Hort. Ŵakapwelelera comene pakung’anamura mazgu ghakwambilira gha Cigiriki mwakuyana na ng’anamuro leneco la mazgu, ndiposo kuti mazgu ghapulikikwe umo ghaliri nadi, mu ciyowoyero cipusu ca mazuŵa ghano. Ici cawovwira kuti mazgu gha Ciuta ghaleke kusintha, kweniso kuti ghaŵe ghapusu kughapulikiska.
Ciyelezgero ni mazgu agho ghali pa Ŵaroma 13:1, apo mpositole Paulosi wakaciska Ŵakhristu kuti ‘ŵaŵe ŵakujilambika ku ŵamazaza ŵalara,’ panji kuti ŵalara ŵa boma. Mabaibolo ghanandi ghakuti maboma ghali “kwimikika na Ciuta” panji “kusoleka na Ciuta.” (Tumbuka Bible; King James Version) Ntheura, mafumu ghanyake ghakusangirapo mwaŵi pa mazgu agha kuti ghayuzgenge ŵanthu. Kweni mu Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, mazgu agha ghakuyana na umo ghaliri mu Malemba ghakwambilira, ndipo vesi ili likuti: “Ŵamazaza awo ŵalipo ŵali kuŵikika mu malo ghawo na Ciuta.”c Ntheura, tikuwona kuti nangauli Ciuta wakusora mafumu gha caru yayi, kweni wakughazomerezga, ndipouli, nyengo zose ngakupeleŵera kwa iyo.
Kweniso Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya likulongora mphambano iyo yikuŵapo mu mazgu gha Cigiriki ghakulongosora vyakucitika. Mu viyowoyero vinandi vya mazuŵa ghano, mazgu ghakulongosora vyakucitika ghakusintha, kulongora nyengo iyo cinthu cikucitikira, kwali ni kale, sono, panji kunthazi. Mu Cigiriki, mazgu agha ghakulongoraso mtundu wa cakucitika, kwali cikucitika nyengo yicoko waka, kwali camara kucitika, panji cikulutilira. Wonani mazgu gha Yesu pa Mateyu 6:33. Lizgu lakuti “kupenja” mu Cigiriki likulongora kuti nchito yikulutilira. Ng’anamuro leneko la mazgu gha Yesu pa vesi ili likuwoneka makora usange lang’anamurika kuti: “Lutilirani kupenja dankha ufumu na urunji wake, ndipo vinthu vinyake vyose ivi visazgikengeko kwa imwe.” Mwakuyana waka, lemba la Mateyu 7:7, likuŵazgika kuti: “Lutilirani kulomba, ndipo kupikenge kwa imwe; lutilirani kupenja, ndipo musangenge; lutilirani kukhung’uska, ndipo kumujulikiraninge.”—Wonaniso Ŵaroma 1:32; 6:2; Ŵagalatiya 5:15.
Kweniso mu Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, mazgu agho ghali na ng’anamuro lapadera ghakulembeka mwakuyana. Mwaciyelezgero, mu Baibolo ili, lizgu la Cigiriki lakuti psy·kheʹ, lili kung’anamurika kuti “umoyo” m’malo ghanandi agho likusangika. Ntheura, mwakupambana na ivyo visopa vikusambizga, uyo wakuŵazga wakumanya luŵiro kuti umoyo ukukhalilira yayi. Ungamara, panji kufwa.—Mateyu 2:20; Mariko 3:4; Luka 6:9; 17:33.
Kuthandazga Mazgu gha Ciuta pa Caru Cose
Kufumiskika kwa Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, Mateyu—Uvumbuzi mu Citumbuka ni jando waka. Munthazi umu, Baibolo ili ling’anamulikenge lose mu Citumbuka. Kasi ŵaŵazgi ŵangaŵa na cigomezgo kuti Baibolo ili mu Citumbuka liŵenge launenesko ndiposo lambura kusinthasintha nga umo liliri la Cingelezi?
Enya. Cifukwa nchakuti Wupu Wakulongozga wa Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ukulaŵilira makora nchito ya kung’anamura. Wupu uwu ukuwona kuti pakung’anamura Baibolo kuya mu viyowoyero vinyake, nchiwemi kuti ŵang’anamuri ŵacitirenge pamoza nchito iyi kuti yende makora. Ntheura, magulu agho ghakung’anamura Baibolo ghapangika mu vyaru vinandi pa caru cose. Ku ofesi yikuru ya Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova ku Brooklyn, New York, kuli dipatimenti iyo yikulongozga nchito yakung’anamura, ndipo yikovwira magulu agha na kuwoneseska kuti Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, leneilo likung’anamurika mu viyowoyero vinandi lileke kupambana. Kweniso dipatimenti iyi yili na nthowa yakovwira comene pa kompyuta, iyo ŵang’anamuri ŵa Baibolo ŵakucitira nchito iyi. Ndipouli, kompyuta yikucita yekha yayi nchito iyi. Ŵanthu ŵakukhumbikwira kufwilirapo kuti nchito iyi yicitike. Kweni nthowa ya pa kompyuta iyi yawovwira ŵang’anamuri ŵa Baibolo kuti ciŵe cipusu kufiska cilato cawo cakuzirwa, cakuti ŵang’anamure Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya kuyana na la Cingelezi. Kweniso, nthowa ya pa kompyuta iyi yikulongora umo ŵali kulembera lizgu lililose la Cihebere na Cigiriki mu Baibolo la Cingelezi, ndipo ici cikovwira kuti ŵang’anamuri ŵasore mazgu ghakwenelera gha ciyowoyero cawo.
Para mungaŵazga Baibolo ili, muwonenge kuzirwa kwa nthowa iyi. Tikumuciskani kuti musande Baibolo la Malemba Ghakupatulika mu Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya, Mateyu—Uvumbuzi. Mungalisanga ku Ŵakaboni ŵa Yehova. Mukondwengeso na vigaŵa vinyake vyakupambanapambana ivyo vili mu Baibolo ili. Likupulikikwa makora, kuŵazgika makora, lili na mazgu gha mucanya agho ghangamovwirani kuti musange mwaluŵiro mavesi agho mukupenja, mapu, ndiposo vyakusazgirapo. Cinthu cakuzirwa comene nchakuti para mukuŵazga Baibolo ili, mungaŵa na cigomezgo cose kuti mukuŵazga mazgu gha Ciuta ghakung’anamulika makora mu ciyowoyero ico mukucimanya.
[Mazgu ghamusi]
a Cakukondweska nchakuti pa cikopi ca Baibolo linyake pali kulembeka mazgu ghakuyanako waka ghakuti: ‘Tindalembemo zina la nkhwantha yiliyose ya masambiro kuti ŵanthu ŵayimanye panji kuyilumba cifukwa tikugomezga kuti Mazgu gha Ciuta ghakwenera kupika nchindi pa igho ghekha.’—New American Standard Bible (Reference Edition 1971).
b Mbunenesko kuti Malemba gha Cihebere agho ghakoleka mazgu mu Tesitamenti la Sono ghakang’anamulika kufuma mu Greek Septuagint, ilo nalo likacita kung’anamulika kufuma ku Cihebere. Kweni mu ma Septuagint agho ghakalembeka pamasinda mukaŵavya zina la Ciuta, lekani nkhwantha zinandi za masambiro zikuti zina la Ciuta likwenera kuwuskikamo waka mu mabuku ghakwambira pa Mateyu mpaka Uvumbuzi. Ndipouli, mu Baibolo lakwamba la Septuagint mukaŵa zina lakuti Yehova nga umo likawonekeranga mu malemba ghakwambilira gha Cihebere. Ici nchifukwa cakukwana ca kuwezgeramo zina lakuti Yehova mu mabuku ghakwambira pa Mateyu mpaka Uvumbuzi.
c Wonani buku la Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, la G. Abbott-Smith, na A Greek-English Lexicon la Liddell na Scott. Kuyana na mabuku agha ndiposo ghanyake ghakugomezgeka, mu Cigiriki mazgu agha ghakung’anamura “kuŵikika mu ndondomeko, kuŵikika mu malo ghake.”
[Vithuzithuzi pa peji 23, 24]
Vinthu vinyake vya mu Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya:
Umo lemba la 1 Timote 3:16, likuwonekera mu mpukutu wa Codex Sinaiticus, wa m’ma 300 C.E.
Ŵakapwelelera comene pakung’anamura mazgu ghakwambilira gha Cigiriki mwakuyana na ng’anamuro leneco la mazgu, ndiposo kuti mazgu ghapulikikwe umo ghaliri nadi, mu ciyowoyero cipusu ca mazuŵa ghano
Mazgu ghambura kusuzga kuŵazga ghakupangiska kuti munthu wasangwenge para wakuliŵazga
Mazgu gha mucanya ghangamovwirani kuti musange mwaluŵiro mavesi agho mukupenja
Mapu ghakovwira ŵaŵazgi kuti ŵamanye makora malo agho ghakuzunulika mu Baibolo
[Cithuzithuzi pa peji 23]
Awo ŵakalemba Baibolo nga ni mpositole Paulosi ŵakalemba mu ciyowoyero ico ŵanthu wose ŵakacimanyanga
[Cithuzithuzi pa peji 26]
Cifukwa cakuti “Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha Caru Ciphya” ndakupulikikwa makora, likovwira comene mu uteŵeti