Maliferensi gha Uteŵeti na Umoyo Wachikhristu—Kabuku ka Maungano

JUNI 4-10

MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | MARIKO 15-16

“Yesu Wakafiska Uchimi”

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora mavesi Mrk 15:24, 29

kugaŵana malaya ghake ghakuwaro: Mu nkhani ya pa Yoh 19:23, 24 muli fundo zinyake zakusazgikira izo Mateyu, Mariko na Luka ŵakalemba yayi: Ŵasilikari Ŵachiroma ŵakachita mphenduzga pa malaya ghake ghakuwaro kweniso ghamukati. Ŵasilikari ŵakatora malaya ghake ghakuwaro na “kughagaŵa panayi, msilikari waliyose wakapika chigaŵa chimoza.” Kweni laya lake lamukati ŵakagaŵana yayi, ntheura ŵakachita mphenduzga kufiska uchimi wakuyowoya vya Mesiya uwo wuli pa Sa 22:18. Vikuwoneka kuti kakaŵa kaluso kuti para munthu wakomekenge mwa kumupayika pa khuni ŵakamupokanga kalikose na malaya ghake wuwo kuti wakhozgeke soni.

ŵakupukunya mitu: Kanandi para munthu wakupukunya mutu wakutemwa kuyowoyaso mazgu ghakunyoza panji kuseka. Ntheura ŵanthu aŵa ŵakafiska uchimi uwo uli pa Sa 22:7.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Mrk 15:43

Yosefe: Awo ŵakalemba Mabuku gha Makani Ghawemi ŵali kumulongosora Yosefe mwakupambana. Mateyu uyo wakaŵa wakusonkheska msonkho wakamulongosora kuti wakaŵa “munthu musambazi.” Mariko, uyo chomene wakalembanga na chilato chakuti Ŵaroma ŵapindure wakati Yosefe wakaŵa “munthu wakuzirwa mu Mphara” uyo wakalindiliranga Ufumu wa Chiuta. Luka uyo wakaŵa dokotala wali kulemba kuti “wakaŵa munthu muwemi na murunji” uyo wakazomerezga chara chiŵembu icho ŵakachitira Yesu. Ndipo Yohane yekha ndiyo wakamulongosora kuti Yosefe “wakaŵa msambiri wa Yesu mwakubisirizga chifukwa cha kopa Ŵayuda.”—Mt 27:57-60; Mrk 15:43-46; Lu 23:50-53; Yoh 19:38-42.

Ivyo Tasambira

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Mrk 15:25

ora lachitatu: Ora ili ni cha m’ma 9 koloko mulenji. Vikuwoneka kuti ivyo Yohane wakalemba vikupambana na ivyo Mariko wakalemba. Mwachiyelezgero pa Yoh 19:14-16, pakuti: “Likaŵa pafupifupi ora la 6” apo Pilato wakapeleka Yesu kuti wapayikike pa khuni. Nangauli Malemba ghakulongosora yayi chifukwa icho paliri mphambano, kweni pali vinyake ivyo tikwenera kughanaghanira: Wose awo ŵakalemba mabuku gha Makani Ghawemi ŵakulongosora nyengo yakuyana waka pa vyakuchitika vya kuumaliro wa umoyo wa Yesu pa charu chapasi. Ivyo wose ŵanayi ŵali kulemba vikulongora kuti ŵasembe na ŵalara ŵakakumana mulenjilenji, ndipo pamasinda ŵakaluta nayo kwa Pilato kazembe wa Ŵaroma. (Mt 27:1, 2; Mrk 15:1; Lu 22:66–23:1; Yoh 18:28) Mateyu, Mariko, na Luka wose ŵali kulemba kuti Yesu wakaŵa kuti wapayikika kale pa khuni apo chisi chikawa pa charu “kufuma pa ora la 6 . . . m’paka pa ora la 9.” (Mt 27:45, 46; Mrk 15:33, 34; Lu 23:44) Pali fundo yinyake iyo tikwenera kumanya pa nkhani ya nyengo iyo Yesu wakapayikikira: Kumuthyapura panji kumutimba chikaŵa chigaŵa cha kupayika. Nyengo zinyake munthu wakafwanga chifukwa cha kuthyapulika chomene. Pakwamba, Yesu wakanyamura yekha khuni lakusuzgikirapo, kweni pamasinda munthu munyake ndiyo wakanyamura khuni ili chifukwa chakuti Yesu ŵakamuthyapura chomene. (Lu 23:26; Yoh 19:17) Usange kuthyapura nako kukaŵa chigaŵa chakupayika, ndikuti pakajumpha nyengo pambere Yesu wandakhomeke pa khuni lakusuzgikirapo. Wonani lemba la Mt 27:26 na Mrk 15:15, malemba agha ghakuyowoya za kuthyapulika na kupayikika kwa Yesu pa khuni. Nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵangayowoya ya kupayikika kwa Yesu yingapambana, chifukwa vikuthemba pa chakuchitika icho waliyose wakawona kufuma pa kuthyapulika m’paka apo wakakhomekera. Panji lekani Pilato wakazizwa kupulika kuti Yesu wakafwa luŵiro wati wakhomeka pa khuni. (Mrk 15:44) Kweniso kanandi ŵalembi ŵa Baibolo zuŵa ŵakaligaŵanga vigaŵa vinayi ndipo chigaŵa chilichose chikaŵanga na maora ghatatu nga umo vikaŵiranga na usiku. Lekani kanandi Baibolo likuzunura ora lachitatu, ora la 6 kweniso ora la 9. Ŵakapendanga kwamba 6 koloko mulenji para zuŵa lafuma. (Mt 20:1-5; Yoh 4:6; Mil 2:15; 3:1; 10:3, 9, 30) Kweniso pa nyengo iyo ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakaŵavya vinthu vyakuwonera nyengo, lekani kanandi ŵakasachizganga waka kuti likaŵa ora “pafupifupi,” nga umo tikuwonera pa Yoh 19:14. (Mt 27:46; Lu 23:44; Yoh 4:6; Mil 10:3, 9) Mwakudumura: Mariko wakwenera kuti wakamba kupenda nyengo iyo Yesu ŵakamba kumuthyapura m’paka apo wakakhomekera pa nkhuni, apo Yohane wakayowoya waka nyengo iyo Yesu wakapayikikira pa khuni. Ŵalembi wose ŵaŵiri ŵakalemba kuti ora lachitatu ndipo Yohane wakalemba kuti “pafupifupi” pakuyowoya za nyengo iyo vikachitikira. Ivi ndivyo vikwenera kuŵa vifukwa ivyo paliri mphambano pa nkhani iyi. Kweni pakuti Yohane ndiyo wakamalira kulemba nkhani iyi na kulemba nyengo iyo yikupambana na iyo Mariko wali kulemba, vikulongora kuti Yohane wakachita kukopera kwa Mariko yayi ivyo wali kulemba.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Mrk 16:8

chifukwa ŵakaŵa na wofi: Kuyana na mupukutu wakwambilira uwo ulipo wa mazgu ghaumaliro mu buku la Mariko, buku ili likumara na mazgu agho ghali mu vesi 8. Ŵanji ŵakuti mazgu agha ghali kudumulizgika panji kuti kumalira munthowa. Ntheura ŵakukayika usange mupukutu uwu ngwanadi. Kweni fundo iyi njakupulikikwa yayi pakughanaghanira umo Mariko wali kulembera nkhani zake mwakudumura. Kweniso ŵakaswiri awo ŵakaŵako m’ma 400 C.E. Jerome na Eusebius nawo ŵakazomerezga kuti buku ili likumara na mazgu ghakuti “chifukwa ŵakaŵa na wofi.”

Pali mipukutu yinandi Yachigiriki na yinyake iyo ŵali kuying’anamulira mu viyowoyero vinyake iyo ŵandasazgemo mazgu ghatali ghaumaliro panji mazgu ghafupi ghaumaliro pamasinda pa vesi 8. Mazgu ghatali ghaumaliro (agho ghali na mavesi 12 ghakusazgirako) ghakusangika mu mupukutu wa Codex Alexandrinus, Codex Ephraemi Syri rescriptus, na Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis. Mipukutu yose iyi nja m’ma 400 C.E. Kweniso mazgu agha ghakusangika mu Latin Vulgate, Curetonian Syriac, na Syriac Peshitta. Kweni mazgu agha mulije mu mipukutu yiŵiri yakwambilira Yachigiriki, wa Codex Sinaiticus na Codex Vaticanus, panji mu Codex Sinaiticus Syriacus kweniso mu mupukutu wakale nkhanira wa Sahidic Coptic manuscript of Mark. Mwakuyana waka mipukutu yakale chomene ya buku la Mariko ya ku Armenia na Georgia yikumara na mazgu gha mu vesi 8.

Kweni mipukutu ya pamasinda Yachigiriki na yinyake iyo ŵali kung’anamulira mu viyowoyero vinyake muli mazgu ghafupi ghaumaliro (mu masentesi ghachoko waka). Mupukutu wa Codex Regius wa m’ma 700 C.E., uli na mazgu ghafupi na ghatali ghaumaliro. Mazgu ghafupi ghaumaliro ndigho ghakwambira. Pa mazgu ghakwambilira mu mupukutu uwu pali kulembeka kuti ŵakaswiri ŵanyake ŵazomerezga mazgu ghatali ghaumaliro na ghafupi ghaumaliro.

MAZGU GHAFUPI GHAUMALIRO

Mazgu ghafupi ghaumaliro pamasinda pa Mrk 16:8 ntchigaŵa cha Malemba ghakupatulika yayi. Mazgu agha ghakuŵazgika kuti:

Kweni vinthu vyose ivyo vikalangurika, wakavilongosora mwakudumura ku awo ŵakaŵa pafupi na Petrosi. Kweniso pamanyuma pa vinthu ivi, kwizira mwa iwo Yesu iyo mwene wakatuma uthenga utuŵa na wambura kuvunda wa chiponosko chamuyirayira kufuma kuvuma m’paka kuzambwe.

MAZGU GHATALI GHAUMALIRO

Mazgu ghatali ghaumaliro pamasinda pa Mrk 16:8 ntchigaŵa cha Malemba ghakupatulika yayi. Mazgu agha ghakuŵazgika kuti:

Yesu wakati wawuka mulenjilenji pa zuŵa lakwamba la sabata, wakawonekera dankha kwa Mariya wa ku Magadala, mwa mweneuyo wakafumiska viŵanda vinkhondi na viŵiri. ¹⁰  Mariya wakaluta na kukaphara ku ŵalondezgi ŵake, apo wakatengeranga na kulira. ¹¹ Kweni iwo wakati ŵapulika kuti wakaŵa wamoyo ndipo wakawoneka kwa Mariya, ŵakagomezga chara. ¹²  Kweniso pamanyuma pa vinthu ivi, wakawonekera mu kaŵiro kanyake ku ŵaŵiri ŵa iwo apo ŵakendanga, kuluta ku muzi; ¹³  ndipo ŵakawelera na kukaphara ku ŵanji wose. Nanga ndiwo ŵakaŵagomezga chara. ¹⁴ Kweni pamanyuma pake wakawonekera ku khumi na yumoza apo wakakhala pa thebulu, ndipo wakatombozga kuŵavya chipulikano kwawo na unonono mtima, chifukwa ŵakagomezga chara awo sono ŵakamuwona wakati wawuskika ku ŵakufwa.¹⁵ Ndipo wakati kwa iwo Lutani mu charu chose na kupharazga makani ghawemi ku chilengiwa chose. ¹⁶  Uyo wakugomezga ndipo wakubapatizika wazamuponoskeka, kweni uyo wakugomezga chara wazamususkika. ¹⁷ Kweniso vimanyikwiro ivi vizamuwoneka mu awo ŵakugomezga: Na zina lane ŵazamufumiska viŵanda wazamuyowoya na malulimi, ¹⁸ ndipo na mawoko ghawo ŵazamunyamura njoka, ndipo usange ŵamwa chinthu chinyake chakukoma chizamuŵapweteka chara. Ŵazamuŵika mawoko ghawo pa ŵanthu ŵalwari, ndipo aŵa ŵazamuchira.”

¹⁹ Penepapo Fumu Yesu, wakati wayowoya nawo, wakatolekera kuchanya na kukhala ku woko lamalyero la Chiuta. ²⁰ Ntheura iwo ŵakaluta na kupharazga kulikose, uku Fumu yikagwiranga ntchito pamoza nawo na kukhozgera uthenga kwizira mu vimanyikwiro.

JUNI 11-17

MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | LUKA 1

Ivyo Tasambira

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Lu 1:69

sengwe la chiponosko: Panji kuti “mponoski wankhongono.” Kanandi mu Baibolo, sengwe la vinyama likwimira nkhongono, kutonda, panji kuthereska. (1Sa 2:1; Sal 75:4, 5, 10; 148:14; mazgu ghamusi) Kweniso masengwe ghakwimira mathemba na maufumu ghawemi panji ghaheni chifukwa cha kutonda kwawo uko kuli nga ni kukantchizga panji kubwanya na masengwe. (Do 33:17; Da 7:24; 8:2-10, 20-24) Mu nkhani iyi, mazgu ghakuti “sengwe la chiponosko,” ghakuyimira Mesiya chifukwa wali na nkhongono zakuponoskera ŵanthu panji kuti ndiyo ni mponoski wankhongono.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Lu 1:76

uzamudangira panthazi pa Yehova: Yohane Mubatizi ‘wakadangilira panthazi pa Yehova’ mu fundo yakuti wakanozgera nthowa Yesu uyo wakimiranga Adada ŵake na kwiza mu zina lawo.—Yoh 5:43; 8:29; wonani mazgu ghakulongosora vesi yakuti Yehova pa vesi ili.

JUNI 18-24

MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | LUKA 2-3

“Ŵawukirano, Kasi Ubwezi Winu na Yehova Ngwakukhora?”

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Lu 2:41

ŵapapi ŵake ŵakazgoŵera: Dango likazomerezganga yayi kuti ŵanakazi ŵaŵengepo pa chiphikiro cha Paska. Kweni Mariya wakazgoŵera kuluta na Yosefe ku Yerusalemu chaka chilichose kukaŵapo pa chiphikiro. (Ek 23:17; 34:23) Chaka chilichose kuluta na kuwera, banja lawo likendanga ulendo wa makilomita pafupifupi 300.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora mavesi Lu 2:46, 47

kuŵafumba: Awo ŵakapulikizganga kwa Yesu ŵakazizwa chomene na mafumbo ghake. Mafumbo ghake ghakaŵa mafumbo bweka yayi nga agho ŵasepuka ŵanandi ŵangafumba kuti ŵamanye waka vinthu. (Lu 2:47) Mazgu Ghachigiriki agho ghangang’anamulika kuti ‘kufumba mafumbo,’ mu mavesi ghanyake ghangang’anamura mafumbo agho ŵakufumba ku khoti para munthu wali na mulandu. (Mt 27:11; Mrk 14:60, 61; 15:2, 4; Mil 5:27) Ŵanthu awo ŵakusanda mbiri ŵakuyowoya kuti ŵalongozgi ŵanandi ŵachisopa kakaŵa kaluso kawo kukhalira pa tempile para chiphikiro chamara na kusambizga ŵanthu. Ŵanthu ŵakategherezganga kwa iwo na kuŵafumba mafumbo.

ŵakazizwa chomene: Pa vesi ili mu Chigiriki mazgu ghakuti ‘ŵakazizwa’ ghakulongora kuti nyengo zinandi ŵakazizwanga panji ŵakazizwanga mwakuwerezgawerezga.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora mavesi Lu 2:51, 52

wakalutilira kujilambika: Panji kuti “kuŵapulikira.” Mu Chigiriki mazgu ghakuti wakalutilira ghakulongora kuti pamanyuma pakuti Yesu waŵafika pamtima ŵasambizgi pa tempile chifukwa cha vinjeru vyake vyakukhwaskana na Mazgu gha Chiuta, Yesu wakaluta ku nyumba na kulutilira kujilambika ku ŵapapi ŵake. Wakaŵa wakupulikira chomene kuluska mwana waliyose ndipo kupulikira uku kukaŵa kwapadera chomene chifukwa chikaŵa chigaŵa cha kufiska mauchimi gha mu Dango la Mozesi.—Ek 20:12; Ga 4:4.

Ivyo Tasambira

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Lu 2:14

ndipo pa charu chapasi paŵe mtende pakati pa ŵanthu awo wakukondwa nawo: Mu mipukutu yinyake mazgu agha ŵali kulemba kuti “ndipo pa charu chapasi paŵe mtende ku ŵanthu,” ndipo ndimo ŵali kulemberaso mu Mabaibolo ghanyake. Kweni mu Baibolo la Mang’anamuliro gha charu Chiphya ŵali kulemba makora mazgu agha chifukwa ŵali kung’anamura kufuma ku mipukutu yakugomezgeka. Mazgu agha wakapharazga ni mungelo ndipo ghakulongora kuti Chiuta wakakhumbiranga viwemi ŵanthu wose yayi kweni ŵawemi pera. Wakayowoyanga za ŵanthu ŵekha awo Chiuta wakukondwa nawo chifukwa ŵali na chipulikano mwa iyo ndipo ŵakulondezga Mwana wake.—Wonani mazgu ghakulongosora vesi ghakuti ŵanthu awo wakukondwa nawo mu vesi ili.

ŵanthu awo wakukondwa nawo: Mazgu ghakuti “wakukondwa nawo” agho mungelo wakayowoya ghakuyowoya za ŵanthu awo Chiuta wakukondwa nawo. Lizgu la Chigiriki lakuti eu·do·kiʹa lingang’anamuraso “kutemweka; kukondweskeka; kuzomerezgeka.” Mazgu ghanyake Ghachigiriki ghakuyanako nagho ni eu·do·keʹo agho ghali pa Mt 3:17; Mrk 1:11; na Lu 3:22 (wonani mazgu ghakulongosora mavesi pa Mt 3:17; Mrk 1:11), apo Chiuta wakayowoya za Mwana wake wati wabatizika. Mazgu agha chomene ghakung’anamura, “kutemweka; kukondwa nayo; kuwona kuti ngwakuzirwa; kukondweskeka nayo.” Ntheura kuyana na mavesi agha, mazgu ghakuti “ŵanthu awo wakukondwa nawo,” (an·throʹpois eu·do·kiʹas) ghakuyowoya za ŵanthu awo Chiuta wakuŵatemwa na awo wakuŵakhumbira viwemi. Kweniso ghakuyowoya za ŵanthu awo Chiuta wakukondweskeka nawo.” Ntheura apa mungelo wakayowoyanga ŵanthu wose yayi, kweni awo Chiuta wakukondwa nawo chifukwa chakuti ŵali na chipulikano mwa iyo kweniso mwa Mwana wake. Nangauli mu Chigiriki mazgu ghakuti eu·do·kiʹa mu mavesi ghanyake ghakuyowoya za ŵanthu wose. (Ro 10:1; Fil 1:15) Mazgu agha kanandi ghakuyowoya za ŵanthu awo Chiuta wakukondwa nawo. (Ro 10:1; Fil 1:15; Mt 11:26; Lu 10:21; Efe 1:5, 9; Fil 2:13; 2Te 1:11) Mu Septuagint pa Sa 51:18 [50:20, LXX], pali mazgu ghakuti Chiuta “wakukondwa nawo”.

JUNI 25–JULAYI 1

MAZGU GHA CHIUTA MBUSAMBAZI | LUKA 4-5

“Tondani Viyezgo nga Umo Yesu Wakachitira”

nwtsty mavidiyo na vithuzi

Pachanya pa Linga la Tempile

Satana wakwenera kuti wakamutolera nadi Yesu “pachanya pa linga la tempile” na kumuphalira kuti wajiponye pasi, kweni malo gheneko apo Yesu wakima ghakumanyikwa makora yayi. Pakuti mazgu ghakuti “tempile” ghakung’anamura nyumba yose yakusoperamo, Yesu wakwenera kuti wakimilira pa kona la tempile kumwera cha kumafumiro gha dazi (1), panji pa kona linyake la tempile. Kuduka kufuma pa malo agha munthu wangapona yayi pekha usange Yehova wanganjilirapo.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Lu 4:17

mupukutu wa ntchimi Yesaya: Mupukutu wa Yesaya uwo ukasangika ku Nyanja Yakufwa ukapangika na vikumba 17 ivyo ŵakavibamphika pamoza ndipo ukaŵa utali mamita 7.3 ndipo ukaŵa na makolamu 54. Mupukutu uwo ŵakagwiliskiranga ntchito mu sunagoge ku Nazarete ukwenera kuti ukaŵa wakuyana na uwu mu utali. Pakuti mu mipukutu mukaŵavyanga machaputara na mavesi, Yesu wakeneranga kupenja na kusanga chigaŵa icho wakakhumbanga kuŵazga. Kweni pakuti wakasanga chigaŵa icho wakakhumbanga apo pakaŵa mazgu gha uchimi, vikulongora kuti wakaghamanyanga makora Mazgu gha Chiuta.

nwtsty mazgu ghakulongosora vesi Lu 4:25

vyaka vitatu na myezi 6: Mwakuyana na 1Ma 18:1, Eliya wakapharazga za kumara kwa chilangalanga “mu chaka chachitatu.” Ŵanyake ŵakuti ivyo Yesu wakayowoya vikususkana na ivyo vili mu 1 Mathemba. Kweni Malemba Ghachihebere ghakulongora yayi kuti chilangalanga chikamara pambere vyaka vitatu vindamare. Mazgu ghakuti “mu chaka chachitatu,” ghakulongora kuti chilangalanga chikambira apo Eliya wakaphalira Ahabu kuti kuŵenge chilangalanga. (1Ma 17:1) Apo Eliya wakapharazganga, chihanya chikwenera kuti chikaŵa mukati. Kanandi chihanya chikatoranga myezi 6, kweni panyengo iyo chikwenera kuti chikajumphirako. Kweniso chilangalanga chikamara nyengo yeneyiyo yayi “mu chaka chachitatu” apo Eliya wakawonekera kwa Ahabu. Chilangalanga chikamara panyengo iyo moto ukawotcha sembe ya Eliya pa Phiri la Karimeli. (1Ma 18:18-45) Ntheura mazgu agho Yesu wakayowoya pa Lu 4:25, kweniso agho Yakobe wakayowoya pa Yakobe 5:17, ghakukolerana na nkhani iyo yili pa 1Ma 18:1.