So Woyɛ Obi A Ontumi Nhu Sɛ Onyankopɔn Wɔ Hɔ Anaa Onni Hɔ?
SƐ WOYƐ obi a ontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ a, ɛnde na wugyina obi a onnye Onyankopɔn nni nea ogye Onyankopɔn di ntam. Nea onnye Onyankopɔn nni no gye tom sɛ Onyankopɔn nni hɔ, bere a nea ogye Onyankopɔn di no wɔ gyidi pintinn sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ na ɔde ne ho hyɛ adesamma nsɛm mu.
Nea ontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ no nte nka sɛ adanse a ɛdɔɔso wɔ hɔ a ɛbɛkyerɛ sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ. Mmom no, ommu ho atɛn anaasɛ ɔka sɛ, sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ a wonnim no na wɔrentumi nhu no nso.
So wowɔ nnamfo a wontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wo hɔ anaa onni hɔ? Anaasɛ w’ankasa woyɛ obi a ontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ? Sɛ saa a, dɛn ntia? Ebia wote nka sɛ Onyankopɔn a wontumi nhu sɛ ɔwɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ no yɛ adwempa a ɛsɛ sɛ wonya wɔ saa afeha a ɛto so 20 a wowɔ adwene a emu dɔ yi mu. Sɛ saa na asɛm no te a, ɛnde yɛpɛ sɛ wususuw nnipa binom a wɔaboa ama nnipa a wɔwɔ saa afeha yi mu nimdeɛ akɔ anim no nsɛm ho na woahu nea wogye dii wɔ Onyankopɔn ho ne nea enti a wɔyɛɛ saa no. Ebia ɛbɛboa wo ma woate biribi ase kakra asen nea w’ankasa wugye di no.
Esiane Asɔre Ahorow no Nti
Afeha a ɛto so 19 Britaniani Nyansahufo Thomas Huxley, a ɔboae nso maa Darwin adannandi nkyerɛkyerɛ no gyee din no na ɔde Engiresi asɛmfua “agnostic” nea wɔkyerɛ ase sɛ obi a ontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ (fi Hela asɛmfua agnostos, “nea wonnim” mu) no bae. Huxley kae sɛ asɔre ahorow no kyerɛe sɛ wɔwɔ Onyankopɔn ne faako a nneɛma fi bae ho gnosis (nimdeɛ) titiriw bi. Ɔmaa nhwɛso biako wɔ nea enti a ɔrentumi nnye saa gnosis no ntom, ma enti ɔyɛ obi a ontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ no ho:
“Sɛ yebetumi ahu nyaatwom a abu so ne atirimɔdensɛm, atoro, awudi ne ani a wobu gu adesamma asɛyɛde biara so a efi saa beae yi [asɔre ahorow] a akɔ so wɔ aman a wɔyɛ Kristofo abakɔsɛm mu no wɔ adwene koro mu a, anka ɛbɛma adwene a ɛnteɛ koraa a yɛwɔ wɔ Hell ho no mpo ayɛ ketewa bi.”
Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ adannandi nkyerɛkyerɛ a ogye toom no maa Huxley gyidi a na ɔwɔ wɔ Onyankopɔn wɔ a ɔwɔ hɔ ho no hinhimii. Bio nso, wɔn a anka wobetumi aboa no a wɔne asɔre ahorow no abrabɔ maa ne gyidi no hinhimii kɛse. Wɔn ho kyerɛwtohɔ wɔ mfehaha no mu nyɛ nea ɛbɛma wɔanya gyidi wɔ Onyankopɔn mu.
Sohyialistni Harold Laski a ɔyɛ amammuisɛm ho ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo no kyerɛwee biribi te saa ara. Ɔkae sɛ: “Wɔtetee me wɔ tete Yudafo fi; nanso menkae mpo sɛ wɔ bere bi mu no metee asɔre anaa nkyerɛkyerɛ bi ase.” Dɛn ntia? Ɔkyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ: “Wɔ England ne America no, mintumi nhui wɔ asɔre ahorow a wɔahyehyɛ no mu sɛ gyidi wɔ wɔn nnyinasosɛm ahorow no mu betumi adi atɛntrenee ho dwuma yiye.”
Bio no, ɔkae sɛ: “Mintumi nhu wɔ abakɔsɛm mu sɛ, asɔre ahorow no ayɛ biribi ho atamfo sen nea wɔayɛ wɔ adwene mu nsusuwii ne atɛntrenee wɔ asetra mu nhyehyɛe ahorow ho no.”
So asɔre ahorow no abrabɔ ama wo nso wugye wɔ a Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ no ho kyim? Ɛyɛ nokware, wɔn nyaatwom ne wɔn abrabɔ bɔne no yɛ nokwasɛm a ɛwɔ abakɔsɛm kyerɛwtohɔ mu. Nanso, hyɛ no nsow sɛ Bible no a ɛyɛ nea ɛka Onyankopɔn ho asɛm sen biara no, kaa Kristofo gyidi a wɔbɛdan ani saa a ɛbɛba ho asɛm too hɔ sɛ: “Wɔbɛkora nea ɛkyerɛ sɛ ɛyɛ nyamesom no nyinaa so, ɛwom sɛ wɔyɛ ne ntease ho ananafo fi bere tenten de.”—2 Timoteo 3:5, Knox.
Wɔ nokwarem no, ntease nni mu sɛ yebegyina nyamesom a ɛwɔ hɔ no sintɔ ahorow so aka sɛ Onyankopɔn nni hɔ. Sɛ obi a wayɛ ne ho oduruyɛfo daadaa obi a ɔyare a, ɛnsɛ sɛ ɔka sɛ wɔrentumi nsa no yare. Mmom no, ɛsɛ sɛ ɔhwehwɛ oduruyɛfo ankasa akyi kwan. Saa ara nso na nokwasɛm a ɛne sɛ asɔre ahorow no adan nnipa pii afi Onyankopɔn hɔ no nkyerɛ sɛ wɔrentumi nhu Onyankopɔn. Nea ɛkyerɛ ara kwa ne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ no wɔ baabi foforo.
Wɔrentumi Nhu no Anaasɛ Wonnim No?
Ebinom ka sɛ Huxley de ne Engiresi asɛmfua “agnostic” no gyinaa asɛmfua bi a ɛpue wɔ Bible mu no so. Sɛnea Bible mu nhoma a wɔfrɛ no Asomafo no Nnwuma no kyerɛwtohɔ kyerɛ no, bere a ɔsomafo Paulo reka asɛmpa no akyerɛ Atenefo no, ɔkaee wɔn sɛ afɔremuka bi wɔ Atene a wɔakyerɛw so sɛ:
“Onyame a wonnim no [Agnosto wɔ Hela mu] dea.” (Asomafo no Nnwuma 17:23) So na Paulo reka sɛ, saa Onyankopɔn a Atene mmarima anyansafo nnim no no yɛ nea wɔrentumi nhu no anaa? Ɛnte saa koraa? Wɔ nokwarem no, ɔkɔɔ so kyerɛ sɛnea wobetumi abehu no no mu kyerɛɛ Atenefo no.
Ɛnnɛ nso, ɛwom sɛ pii nnim Onyankopɔn de, nanso ɔnyɛ nea wɔrentumi nhu no. Bible no kyerɛ ɔkwan biako a yɛnam so betumi asua ne ho biribi: “Na efi wiasebɔ so beeme na n’ade a wonhu a ɛne ne daa tumi ne nyamesu ada adi nneɛma a ɔyɛe no ho.” (Romafo 1:20) Wɔn a wɔn adwuma ne sɛ wosua “nneɛma a ɔyɛe no” ho ade nkyerɛkyerɛmu ahorow foa saa asɛm yi nsɛmmoa.
Albert Einstein a ɔyɛ afeha a ɛto so aduonu yi nyansahu kyerɛkyerɛfo a ɔsen biara no annye Bible no Nyankopɔn no anni. Nanso, nhwehwɛmu ahorow a ɔyɛe wɔ sɛnea amansan no te ho maa ne ho dwiriw no a na ɛreyɛ ayɛ te sɛ obi a ogye wɔ a Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ no tom de.
Wɔ ne nhoma Out of My Later Years mu no, Einstein ka nea biakoyɛ a ɛwɔ adebɔ mu no gyina so ho ade a osuae mu osuahu ho asɛm. Afei ɔkae sɛ: “Adebɔ ho nimdeɛ a ɛkɔ anim a obi nya no bɛma wakyerɛ obu kɛse ama adwene a ɛda adi wɔ adebɔ mu no.” Ɔkɔɔ so sɛ: “Esiane eyi mu ntease a onya nti, obenya ahofadi kɛse wɔ n’ankasa anidaso ne apɛde ahorow ho, na ɛbɛma wanya ahobrɛase adwene wɔ ntease kɛse a wonya wɔ adebɔ mu a ɔdesani ntumi nhu nea emu dɔ yiye no mu no ho.”
Efi gye a wobegye “adwene a ɛda adi wɔ “adebɔ mu” ne “ntease kɛse a wonya wɔ adebɔ mu” atom so kosi gye a wobegye atom sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ Obi a ɔwɔ Ntease a Emu dɔ anaasɛ Ɔne adwene Fibea wɔ hɔ so no ntam kwan nware. Obi a ɔyɛɛ saa ne A. R. Wallace, a ɔtraa ase wɔ Darwin bere so, a ɔde adannandi ne nea ne ho yɛ den na ofi mu ka nkyerɛkyerɛ bae no. Ɛwom sɛ na ogye di pintinn sɛ onipa fi aboa mu de, nanso Wallace huu biribi wɔ onipa ho a ɛkyerɛɛ no sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ Obi a ɔkorɔn sen onipa wɔ hɔ. Na saa “biribi” no ne onipa abrabɔ ho adwene a ɛkorɔn ne ne nyansa.
Ɔkyerɛwee sɛ: “Merentumi nka wɔ ɔkwan biara so sɛ ‘nea’ ne ho yɛ den na ofi mu ka’ so na ɛnam bae.” Mmom no, ɔkae sɛ saa su ahorow no “ma yenya adanse a ɛyɛ nokware sen biara sɛ abɔde afoforo a wɔkorɔn kyɛn yɛn ankasa wɔ hɔ, na ɛbɛyɛ sɛ yenyaa saa su ahorow yi fii wɔn hɔ, na ebia yɛbɛkɔ so adan wɔn bere nyinaa.”
Nhwehwɛmu ahorow a E. A. Milne a ɔyɛ nkontaabu ho nimdefo wɔ Oxford Sukuupɔn mu yɛe no maa no gye dii yiye sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ. Nnɛyi nyansahu ma mmara ahorow a ɛyɛ den sɛ wɔbɛte ase a ɛkyerɛ amansan yi kwan wɔ ɔkwan a ɛyɛ anigye so mu kɔ so da hɔ. Milne tee nka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ yegye wɔ a Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ no tom, na yɛde akyerɛ faako a ade a wotumi so mu fi ne nea ɔhyehyɛɛ mmara ahorow a ɛkyerɛ ade a wotumi so mu no kwan no mu. Ɔkae sɛ, “Sɛ ahintasɛm bi wɔ sɛnea wɔyɛɛ ade a wotumi so mu ho a, ɛnde na ahintasɛm foforo a ɛkyɛn saa bɛwɔ mmara a ɛbɛyɛ adwuma bere nyinaa a ɛkyerɛ no kwan no mu.
Enti, Milne a ɔyɛ nkontaabu ho nyansahufo no kae sɛ, “Ɛwom sɛ na me taa gye di sɛ wɔrentumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaasɛ onni hɔ de, nanso matumi adi so bere nyinaa. Migye di yiye sɛ Ade Nyinaa so Tumfoɔ Nyankopɔn no na ɔbɔɔ saa amansan yi.”
Tebea a Enye a Obi a Ontumi Nhu Sɛ Onyankopɔn Wɔ Hɔ Anaasɛ Onni Hɔ no Wom
Wɔahyɛ no nsow sɛ ɛyɛ adebɔ su sɛ onipa benya ɔpɛ sɛ ɔbɛsom biribi. Ebia wɔn a wontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaasɛ onni hɔ no anaasɛ wɔn a wonnye Onyankopɔn nni no behu sɛ biribi atɔ sin wɔ wɔn fam, sɛ wosusuw wɔn gyinabea no ho yiye sen sɛ anka wɔbɛyɛ sɛ abofra a wɔatete no wɔ faako a wɔhwɛ nyisaa a ɔte nka sɛ ɔrentumi nhu n’awofo da no a.
Mpo obi a onnye Onyankopɔn nni koraa te sɛ akontaabu ho nimdefo Bertrand Russell gye toom akyiri yi wɔ n’asetra mu sɛ: “Minni anigye koraa efisɛ m’asetra ayɛ basaa, me nipasu ayɛ basaa . . . mete yaw a emu yɛ den nka wɔ me mu bere nyinaa—yaw a emu yɛ den—mehwehwɛ biribi a ɛsen nneɛma a ɛwɔ wiase no mu—biribi a asakra na enni awiei—ɔsoro adehu—Onyankopɔn—minhu, na minnye nni sɛ wobehu.”
Nanso wobetumi ahu. Ɛnyɛ sɛ nnipa ɔpepem pii a wɔwɔ hɔ nnɛ no gye Onyankopɔn di nko, na mmom wonim no, wɔde wɔn ho to no so, na wɔn ankasa ne no wɔ abusuabɔ. Wɔda nyansahu ase sɛ ama wɔanya nhumu a emu dɔ wɔ Onyankopɔn “su horow a aniwa nhu no” ho. (Romafo 1:20) Nanso, wɔahu sɛ wɔn gyidi mu ayɛ den pii mpo denam sua a wosua nhoma a kyerɛwtohɔ a ɛfa di a Onyankopɔn ne adesamma di no ho wɔ mu, a ɛyɛ Bible no so.
Ɛnyɛ sɛ Bible no ma yenya Onyankopɔn mu gyidi a egyina adanse kakraa bi so ara kwa. Mmom no, ɛhyɛ yɛn nkuran sɛ yennya gyidi a wɔasɔ ahwɛ. “Gyidi ne ade a yɛn ani da so ho ahotoso ne nneɛma a yenhu ho adansegye.” (Hebrifo 11:1) Yebetumi anya Onyankopɔn mu gyidi wɔ nneɛma—a yenhu ho—denam “nneɛma a ɔyɛe” a yɛbɛhwehwɛ mu no so, na ne titiriw no, denam Bible no sua so. Sɛ woyɛ obi a ontumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaa onni hɔ a yɛhyɛ wo nkuran sɛ hwehwɛ adanse a ɛwɔ ho no mu bio. Yehowa Adansefo ani begye ho sɛ wɔbɛboa wo ma woayɛ saa.
[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 9]
“Mintumi nhu wɔ abakɔsɛm mu sɛ, asɔre no ayɛ biribi ho atamfo sen nea wɔayɛ wɔ adwene mu nsusuwii ne atɛntrenee wɔ asetra mu nhyehyɛe ahorow ho no.”—Harold Laski
[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 10]
“Ɛwom sɛ na me taa gye di sɛ wɔrentumi nhu sɛ Onyankopɔn wɔ hɔ anaasɛ onni hɔ de, nanso matumi adi so bere nyinaa. Migye di yiye sɛ Ade Nyinaa so Tumfoɔ Nyankopɔn no na ɔbɔɔ saa amansan yi.”—Ɔbenfo E. A. Milne