Nea John Paul II Reyɛ​—So Obetumi Aka N’asɔre A Emu Apaapae No Abom?

PAAPA biara ntuu kwan pii wɔ bere tiaa mu sɛɛ da. Mexico, Poland, Ireland, U.S. Amerika​—John Paul II kɔsraa ɛhɔ nyinaa wɔ ne paw wɔ October 16, 1978 no akyi afe a edi kan no mu.

Sɛ yesusuw anigye a nkurɔfo de hyiaa no wɔ ɔman biara mu no ho a, ɛbɛma obi asusuw sɛ Katolek Asɔre no renya mmere pa mu anigye anaa asi wɔn yiye. Wɔhyɛɛ da maa no akwaaba wɔ ɔkwan titiriw bi so wɔ Poland a ɛyɛ ɔman a paapa no fi mu no mu. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ bɛyɛ sɛ ɔman no mu nnipa dodow a wɔn ano bɛyɛ ɔpepem 35 no mu fã huu no bere a ɔkɔsraa hɔ wɔ June mu no.

So anigye a wɔwɔ wɔ John Paul II ho yi kyerɛ Katolek Asɔre a emu yɛ den, anaasɛ biribi foforo? Ne nsrahwɛ ahorow yi anya nnipa no so nkɛntɛnso bɛn?

Asɔre no wɔ Ɔhaw Mu

Sɛ́ anka ne ho bɛyɛ den na anya mmere pa mu anigye mmom no, Katolek Asɔre no rehyia mmere a emu yɛ den. Amerika nyamekyerɛ ho ɔdenimfo Edward J. Foye kyerɛwee sɛ, “Yɛn asɔre no wɔ asiane mu na tebea a ɛwom no nye koraa.” (National Catholic Reporter, Oct. 19, 1979) Monsignor John Tracy Ellis, Amerika Katolek abakɔsɛm akyerɛwfo mpanyimfo no mu biako kae sɛ, “Yɛwɔ ahohia mu. Asɔfodi sukuu biara nni hɔ a emu mpaapae ɛ.”

Efi 1960 mfe no mfinimfini reba yi, asɔfo bɛyɛ 10,000 na wɔagyae asɔfodi adwuma no wɔ U.S. Amerika nkutoo, na nnipa kakraa bi pɛ na afei de wɔrepaw asɔfodi no sɛ wɔn asetra mu adwuma. Wɔ afe 1965 mu no, na nnipa 49,000 na wɔwɔ Amerika asɔfodi sukuu ahorow mu; wɔ 1978 mu no na wɔn dodow no abedu 11,200 pɛ. Tebea a ɛfa mmea a wodi sɔfo no ho no de na enye koraa. Wɔ afe 1966 mu no, na wɔn dodow yɛ 181,421, nanso nea ɛboro 50,000 fii saa dodow yi so. Wɔtoto Katolek sukuu ahorow a ɛwɔ U.S. Amerika no mu, biako wɔ dapɛn biara mu, esiane sɛ wonnya mmea a wodi sɔfo nti.

Tebea no mu yɛn den wɔ aman horow a paapa no kɔsraa hɔ no mu. Bere a ɛreka ɔkwan a otuu wɔ January kɔɔ Mexico no ho asɛm no, New York Times no kae sɛ:

“Paapa John Paul II bedu Mexico wɔ dapɛn yi mu na ɔrekodi adwuma bi a ehia ahwɛyiye kɛse wɔ mu ho dwuma​—sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na obesiw mpaapaemu a ɛda Latin Amerika Roma Katolek Asɔre no mu akuw horow a ɛfã hwehwɛ sɛ Asɔre no mu nneɛma tra hɔ saa ara na wɔn a wɔwɔ afã foforo no nso hwehwɛ nsakrae ne nkɔanim no kwan. . . .

“Gyinae a osii sɛ ɔbɛkɔ Mexico no da sɛnea asɛm no yɛ aniberesɛm fa no adi . . . Efi afe 1968 mu na Latin Amerika Asɔre no de ne ho ahyɛ amansɛm mu pii, na asɔfo a wɔpɛ sɛ wonya nkɔso wɔ nhyehyɛe no mu no retew atua tia wɔn asɔfo mpanyin no nteɛso a ɛyɛ atetesɛm no.”

“Enyaa Wɔn So Nkɛntɛnso Kɛse” Wɔ Ɔkwan Bɛn So?

Akyerɛwfo ne radio so asɛnkafo ahorow kae sɛ sra a paapa no bɛsraa wɔn man no mu no ‘nyaa wɔn so nkɛntɛnso kɛse.’ Nanso wɔ ɔkwan bɛn so? The Observer a ɛyɛ London atesɛm krataa no ɔkyerɛwfo panyin Conor Cruise O’Brien kyerɛwee sɛ:

“Sɛ metumi ahu sɛnkyerɛnne bi a ɛkyerɛ sɛ nnipa rebɔ ɔbra pa wɔ bere a wɔahwɛ na wɔahu Paapa no akyi yi a, ɛnde mɛte nka sɛ eyi ‘anya wɔn so nkɛntɛnso kɛse,’ na m’ani begye . . . Nanso nea ɛyɛ awerɛhow ne sɛ minhu saa nkɔso yi ho sɛnkyerɛnne biara koraa. . . .

“Paapa no kasa tiaa basabasayɛ, mpɛn ahorow pii na ɔkasa tiaa eyi denneennen. Ɛno na afei [Katolek] Irish Republican Army no frɛɛ atesɛm nkrataa akyerɛwfo na wɔkasa kyerɛɛ wɔn daa wɔn nsɛm no adi sɛ wɔbɛkɔ so adi dwuma sɛnea wɔyɛ no ara.”

Bere a John Paul II asrɛ Katolekfo a wɔwɔ Ireland a ɛno ne sɛ ‘wɔntwe wɔn ho mfi basabasayɛ ho na wɔnsan nkɔ asomdwoe ho’ no akyi nna asia pɛ na wɔtow Protestantni bi a ɔyɛ adwuma wɔ ahyɛn gyinabea a wadi mfirihyia 38 no tuo kum no. Ɛda adi pefee sɛ sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ na wɔayɛ bi atua ka no, Protestantfo kum ɔbarima bi a ɔyɛ Katolekni wɔ n’adekyee mu. Ɛmaa Irish sɔfo bi kae sɛ, “Enti ɛkɔɔ so, sɛnea yenim sɛ ɛbɛkɔ so no.”

Wɔ eyi nyinaa akyi no, paapa no nyaa nnipakuw a wohuu no no so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Nanso sɛnea nnipakuw no yɛ wɔn ade no te sɛ bere a sini mu nipa bi a wagye din anaasɛ amansɛmdifo bi akopue nnipa a wɔpɛ n’asɛm mu. Ɛyɛ nokware sɛ paapa no de guasodeyɛ ne amanne ahorow pii a ɛyɛ fɛ na ɛyɛ anigye na ɛba te sɛ obi a ɔyɛ ɔdehye​—adeyɛ a ɛyɛ fɛ ne nwonwa nyinaa!

Paapa no ntetee a onyae sɛ obi a ogye nkurɔfo ani no boaa no kɛse wɔ nkitaho a ɔne nnipakuw no dii no mu. Na ɔne agorudifo bi akyin Poland nyinaa ansa na ɔde ne ho rehyɛ asɔfodi adwuma no mu. Fam a ofewee bere a oduu hɔ, fɛw a ɔne nnipa no dii na ɔkaa wɔn ho wɔ wɔn ankasa man mu nnwomto mu, nkokoaa a ofew wɔn ano ne nkurɔfo nsam a okyia yi maa paapa no bɛyɛɛ obi a nnipa ani gye ne ho wɔ aman a ɔkɔsraa hɔ no nyinaa mu, Times nsɛmma nhoma no kae sɛ “oyii ahokokwa bi a ɛte sɛ amansɛmdifo de a ɛbɛhyɛ Lyndon Johnson” a ɔyɛ kan Amerika mampanyin no “aniwu” adi.

Nanso wɔ din a paapa no gyei a ɛma wohuu no yiye no nyinaa akyi no, U.S. Catholic atesɛm krataa a wɔkyerɛw no November 1979 no kae sɛ: “Ɛnyɛ tie na yɛretie no no, na ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na yɛde nea ɔka no adi dwuma wɔ yɛn asetra mu.” Dɛn nti na ɛnte saa?

Nea Enti a Wontie Paapa No

Atirimpɔw ahorow pii wɔ hɔ. Atitiriw no mu biako ne gye a wonnye no nni bio no. Katolekni bi a ofi Philadelphia ka faa sra a John Paul II kɔsraa ne kurow no mu no ho sɛ:

“Ɔtraa kar mu faa ɔkwan a polisifo ɔhaha bebree de atuo bɔ ho ban mu, ɔnantew faa ago papa bi a wɔde asɛw fam ama no no so kɔɔ asɛnka agua a ne bo bɛyɛ ¢550,000 a Knights of Columbus awɛmfo atwa ho ahyia atifi. Akyiri no okodidii wɔ yɛn kurow no mu afie a ɛyɛ fɛ sen biara no biako mu, ɔsɔfo panyin no fie, na ogyee akyɛde ahorow a ɛsom bo yiye fii Kaesare hɔ, na ɔka kyerɛɛ St. Charles Borromeo asuafo a wɔresua asɔfodi no sɛ wonkura Onyankopɔn asɛm no mu sɛ ade a ɛyɛ kronn. . . .

“Ɛno na afei ɔbarima yi a ɔwɔ anigye, ɔwɔ adamfofa su a ne ho dwo a onyaa yɛn nkate horow so nkɛntɛnso yi san kɔɔ Roma wɔ n’Aban Gandolfo no mu, kɔɔ St. Peter asɔrefi no mu, kɔɔ ne Swiss Awɛmfo no ntam ne ne nhomakorabea ne tete nneɛma korabea a nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ dwetiri a ɛsom bo kɛse yiye no mu. . . .

“Ɔka kyerɛɛ yɛn sɛ ɛyɛ asɛyɛde kɛse a ɛda amanaman a wɔwɔ sika no so sɛ wɔkyekyɛ wɔn ahode no ma ahiafo. So ɛnsɛ sɛ eyi nso yɛ asɛyɛde a ɛda Vatican so?”​—“National Catholic Reporter,” Oct. 26, 1979.

Bere a akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ Virginia M. Riekmeier a ofi Chicago no rekasa ama Katolekfo pii no ɔkae sɛ: “Sɛ́ wubetie Paapa no, titiriw afa ‘wiase nsɛm’ ho no bɛyɛ mmerɛw, sɛ n’ankasa di nea ɔka no no ho dwuma a. Ɛyɛ ade a ɛyɛ den sɛ abusua bi a wɔrepere na wɔn nsa aka wɔn da biara da asetra mu nneɛma a ehia wɔn no besusuw nea wɔde bɛma ahiafo ho, wɔ bere a paapa no di taamu na asi no yiye no. Asɔrekɔfo no mu baahe na wobetumi ahoahoa wɔn ho aka sɛ wɔwɔ ɔdan anaa akuraa bi a wotu kɔtra hɔ gye wɔn ani wɔ ahohuru bere mu? Ɛbɛyɛ dɛn na obi de nnɛ bere mu paapa nhyehyɛe no ne ɛho guasodeyɛ bebrebe no ato Petro ɔhobrɛasefo, nanso ɔwɔ nsi ne ɔkronkronni no ho?”​—U.S. Catholic, November 1979.

Wɔ nokwarem no, nsensanee kɛse bɛn na ɛda Katolek mpanyimfo no asetra fɛfɛ ne wɔn taamudi no ne Kristo ne n’asomafo no de mu sɛɛ! Nanso ɛnyɛ saa abirabɔ yi nti na Katolekfo no pii ntie paapa no bio no.

Awo Ano a Wosiw

Ebia na atirimpɔw titiriw nti a wontie paapa no bio no fi adwene a okura wɔ awo ano a wosiw ho no. Sɛnea obi kae ni: “Sɛ wugye di sɛ paapa no asɛm no nteɛ koraa wɔ asɛm a ɛyɛ ‘Humanae Vitae’ yi ho a, na ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ wubenya ne nsɛm a ɔka bio no mu awerɛhyem.”

Bɛyɛ sɛ mfirihyia 50 a atwam no na Paapa Pius XI paee mu kae sɛ “wɔn a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ [awo a wɔhyɛ da siw ano] mu no yɛ wɔn a wobu wɔn sɛ wɔreyɛ bɔne kɛse.” Paapa Paul VI ampɛ sɛ wobisa asɛm fa Asɔre no nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɛfa bɔne a paapa no ntumi nyɛ no ho, Enti, wɔ afe 1968 mu no, ɔte n’asɔfo krataa Humanae Vitae (Nea Ɛfa Ɔdesani Nkwa Ho) , no mae, na emu na osii so dua sɛ wɔ Katolekfo fam no, “ɛsɛ sɛ aware mu adeyɛ biara yɛ nea ɛho kwan da hɔ sɛ wobetumi afa so de nkwa ama.”

Saa gyinabea yi na na Katolekfo pii ani da so sɛ John Paul II bɛsakra no. Mpɛɛpɛɛmu bi a wɔyɛe a wɔdaa no adi wɔ bere a ɔreba U.S. Amerika no kyerɛe sɛ na nnipa no mu ɔha mu nkyem 66 pɛ sɛ wɔma kwan ma wɔfa akwan horow so siw awo ano. Nanso dɛn na ɛbae? Wɔ October 5 na paapa no ka kyerɛɛ U.S. Amerika asɔfo mpanyin bi a wɔahyiam wɔ Chicago no sɛ:

“Mokasa tiaa awo ano a wosiw ne nnuru horow a wɔde siw ano no wɔ ɔkwan a eye so sɛnea Encyclical Humanae Vitae (Asɔfo Krataa a ɛfa Ɔdesani Nkwa Ho) no yɛe no. Na me nso, ɛnnɛ, mikura saa gyidi a na Paul VI kura no ara mu si saa asɔfo krataa a nea odii m’anim kan no ‘nam tumi a Kristo de ahyɛ yɛn nsa no so’ de too gua no so dua.”

Nanso Katolek awarefo kakraa bi pɛ na wɔne paapa no yɛ adwene. Na esiane sɛ asɔfo pii nso nyɛ saa nti, wontie saa ahyɛde yi. Ɛna bi a ɔyɛ Katolekni teɛɛm kae mfe pii a atwam ni sɛ: “Hena ne Paapa no na waba me pia mu? Ɛte sɛ nea eyinom nyinaa yɛ asɛm a ɛfa ahonim ho ma me.”

Anka ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ John Paul II betie ɔsomafo Paulo afotu a ɛwɔ 1 Korintofo 4:6 no, sɛnea Katolek Jerusalem Bible ka no: “Munkura nnyinasosɛm no mu: ‘Munni nea wɔakyerɛw no so.’” Esiane sɛ paapa no atra nea wɔakyerɛw wɔ Onyankopɔn Asɛm no mu no nti, wama abufuw ne mpaapaemu a ɛwɔ Asɔre no mu no atra hɔ bere tenten.

Aware a Wɔbara

Asɔre no mmara a atra hɔ bere tenten a ɛbara asɔfo no sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔware no ama wɔn mu pii asisiw wɔn aso wɔ nea paapa no ka no ho. Efi 1960 mfe no mu reba yi, asɔfo ne mmea a wodi asɔfo mpem ɔhaha pii agyae asɔfodi esiane saa mmara yi nti. Nanso, wɔ October 4, na John Paul II san sii so dua wɔ Philadelphia sɛ ɛho hia sɛ asɔfo no tra ase sɛ ahokwafo.

Nanso ɛnyɛ saa na Kyerɛwnsɛm no kyerɛkyerɛ. Bible no kyerɛ sɛ ɔsomafo Petro ne Kristo asomafo afoforo wɔ ɔyerenom. Da a edi hɔ, October 5, na Catholic ɔkyerɛwfo Gary Wills kaa eyi wɔ Chicago Sun-Times no mu a ɔrefa asɛm afi Marko 1:29-31 ne 1 Korintofo 9:5 aka asɛm. Ɛno na afei obisaa asɛm faa nea nti a Asɔre no akata ɔyere a na Petro wɔ no so bere tenten no ho, na ɔkɔɔ so kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ:

“Mmuae no ne sɛ, Roma asɔfo a wɔnware no bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wobebu wɔn ani agu Kyerɛwnsɛm a edi adanse sɛ Petro a ɔyɛ ɔsomafo no yɛ ɔwarefo no so. Wɔaka anaasɛ wɔpene so sɛ asɔfodi a wɔnware wɔ mu no nkutoo na ɛfata​—enti wɔfrɛ anaa wobu Petro asɔfodi no sɛ ɛmfata. Wobu wɔn ani gu nea ɛda hɔ a asomafo no yɛ no so . . .

“Mente nea enti a Paapa John Paul, a otuu kwan sɛ Petro nanmusini no besi so dua wɔ Amerika sɛ asɔfodi a wɔnware wɔ mu no ho hia, wɔ bere a Roma si hia a ɔhotewfo Petro ho hia wɔ asomafo no mu no so dua bere nyinaa, a ɛwom sɛ ne yere kaa no ho wɔ n’asomafo adwuma no mu no ase.”

Enti esiane sɛ wɔte nka sɛ wɔhyɛ wɔn so wɔ ɔkwan a ɛmfata so na wɔabrɛ wɔn ho ase ama onipa mmara nti, ama asɔfo ne mmea a wodi sɔfo no mu pii agyae. Ebinom agyae Katolek asɔre no koraa, na akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ eyi fi nea wohui wɔ Bible no mu a ɛyɛ kɔkɔbɔ a ɛhyɛɛ wɔn gyinaesi no den nti: “Na honhom no ka no fann sɛ akyiri nna bi mu ebinom bɛfam nnaadaa ahonhom ne ahonhommɔne kyerɛkyerɛ ho atwe wɔn ho afi gyidi no ho, atoro kyerɛkyerɛfo nkontompo nti. . . . Wosiw aware kwan.”​—1 Tim. 4:1-3, Catholic Douay Version.

Nea Ɛka Wɔn Bom anaa Ɛpaapae Wɔn Mu?

Mmom na paapa no wɔ anidaso sɛ ɔnam ne nsrahwɛ ahorow no so bɛka Asɔre no abom. Nanso ɛte sɛ nea biribi a ɛnte saa mmom na aba. Ɔsɔfo Panyin John E. Egan a ofi Notre Dame kae sɛ: “Na yɛrefi ase ne yɛn ho akasa na yɛasa 1960 mfe no mu apirakuru no. Na yɛrefi ase ayɛ aso atie bio, atie nea nnipa afoforo ka. Yɛasan apira yɛn kuru no mu bio. Bere a yɛn nyinaa ayɛ biako kamfo Paapa no, yɛn mu asan apaapae bio wɔ nsɛm a ɛfa asɔre no ho no mu.”

Nanso na biribi a ɛkyɛn paapa no adwene a okura wɔ anyamesom mu ɔkyerɛkyerɛ ho no na ɛde mpaapaemu ne ɔhaw reba. Asɛm biako a ɛfa eyi ho no ne ɔkwan a ɔfaa so dii aniwusɛm bi a n’adamfo, Polandni Ɔsɔfo Michael M. Zembrzuski ho, a wɔbɔɔ ho amanneɛ wɔ National Catholic Reporter a wotintimii September 21, 1979 no mu no. Zembrzuski na na ɔyɛ ɔpanyin wɔ anyamesom nkokorafie bi a wɔfrɛ no Pauline Fathers (Order of St. Paul, the First Hermit) a ɛwɔ U.S.Amerika no mu no. Nanso Zembrzuski buu ohia ho bɔ a wahyɛ no mu, ɔde ne ho hyɛɛ sikasɛm mu, na sɛnea wɔka no ɔsɛee sika a ɛyɛ Amerika dɔla ɔpepem bebree a ɛyɛ ntoboa a wɔayi de akyɛ asɔre no na wɔde adi wɔn a ahia wɔn ho dwuma no.

Wɔpaw ɔsɔfo Panyin George H. Guilfoyle ne nea ɔyɛ Passionist Fathers a ɛwɔ Chicago no mu ɔpanyin, Paul M. Boyle sɛ wɔmpɛɛpɛɛ asɛm no mu mma Vatican. Mpɛɛpɛɛmu a wɔyɛe a egyee mfe pii esiane sɛ asɛm no yɛ hwanyann nti no ma wohuu ɔkwan a Zembrzuski fa so bɔ ne bra sɛ ɛyɛ “ahohwibɔ,” “oniferefo ɔdaadaafo” ne “nea ɔyɛ ade a ɛyɛ fɛre.” Nea ɛka nneɛma a wɔkyerɛw kaa ho no ho ne sɛ:

“Ɔsɔfo Zembrzuski gyee n’ani kɛse sɛee sika pii wɔ n’ankasa ne ne nnamfonom ho. Adamfofa a na ɛda ɔne ɔbea bi a ɔde nkokorafie no sika hwɛɛ no pii no ntam no maa nkurɔfo nwiinwii na wɔkasa tiaa no pii.”

Guilfoyle ne Boyle sii so dua kɛse wɔ amanneɛbɔ a wɔde kɔmaa Vatican wɔ February 1979 no mu sɛ wɔmpam Zembrzuski ne asɔfo a wɔka no ho a wɔboaa no no. Nanso paapa no amfa nea wɔkamfo kyerɛe yi anyɛ hwee. Nea ɛne eyi bɔ abira no, wɔhyɛɛ Zembrzuski anuonyam denam ka a wɔde no kaa mpanyimfo a wɔkaa paapa no ho kɔsraa Poland wɔ June no ho.

Saa nneyɛe ahorow yi ma obi susuw sɛ onipa bɛn koraa na John Paul II yi yɛ ankasa. Ɔte sɛ ɔbarima a ɔyɛ tɛkrɛma nta, ɔne ne ho bɔ abira. Wɔ ɔkwan biako so no, ogyina Asɔre no nkyerɛkyerɛ ahorow a enye, ɛte sɛ adesoa​—ɛnyɛ nea efi Kyerɛwnsɛm no mu​—na ɛde ɔhaw pii brɛ nnipa no akyi. Nanso, sɛ onya kohyia nnipakuw bi a, titiriw mmofra a, na ɔreda ne ho adi sɛ obi a ɔyɛ mmɔborohunufo na ɔwɔ ɔdɔ.

Sɛ onya ho kwan a paapa no twe adwene kɔ Onyankopɔn Asɛm ne Kristo nhwɛso no so. Bere a ɔretu asɔfo a wɔwɔ Mexico no fo sɛ wɔnkwati ɔman anidan ne amammɔesɛm no ɔkae sɛ: “Nsɛmpa no kyerɛ pefee sɛ biribiara a ɛbɛsakra [Yesu] n’adwuma sɛ Yahweh [Yehowa] Akoa no yɛ sɔhwɛ ma no.”

Nanso, so paapa no di nea ɔka ho asɛm wɔ ha no so anaa? So n’ankasa di Kristo nhwɛso no akyi? Mpɛn ahe na woate sɛ ɔreka “Yahweh, ɔsorosoroni wɔ asase nyinaa so” no din ne n’atirimpɔw ahorow ho asɛm? Nanso Yesu kae wɔ mpae a ɔbɔɔ Yahweh no mu sɛ: “Mayi wo din adi makyerɛ.”​—Dw. 83:18; Yoh. 17:6, Jerusalem Bible.

Huɔmmɔ a paapa no adi sɛ ɔbɛma woate Onyankopɔn din na ɔde ne ho afam Onyankopɔn Asɛm no ho wɔ nokwaredi mu no, bɛkyerɛ sɛ John Paul II rentumi nka n’Asɔre a emu apaapae no mmom wɔ nkonimdi mu da, wɔ akwantu ahorow a ɔde ne ho bɛhyɛ mu no nyinaa akyi.