Wiase Nsɛm
Swedenfo Kakraa bi na Wɔkɔ Asɔre
Nhwehwɛmu bi a Swedish Institute of Public Opinion Research yɛ maa Sweden Asɔre no da no adi sɛ nnipa bɛboro 1,000 a wobisaa wɔn sɛ ebia wogye Onyankopɔn di anaasɛ wonnye no nni no ɔha biara mu 47 buae sɛ wogye no di. Nanso nnipa dodow a wɔkɔ asɔre no ne dodow a wose wogye Onyankopɔn di no nhyia. Wɔn a wobisabisaa wɔn nsɛm no mu ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 9 pɛ na wɔkɔ asɔre daa. Anders Swärd, Sweden Asɔre Bagua Kunini no guamtrani abadiakyiri ka sɛ: “Nkurɔfo mmɔ yuu nkɔ Asɔre gye sɛ wonya anidaso bi sɛ ɛhɔ ne beae a wobetumi anya nea wɔrehwehwɛ ansa.”
Wonni Sika a Wɔde Begye Nkwa
Nsɛm amanneɛbɔ adwuma, Agence France-Presse bɔ amanneɛ sɛ, ɛwom sɛ wotumi sa mpafe ne ayamtu de, nanso ekunkum mmofra bɛyɛ ɔpepem 7.5 afe biara. Wɔ wiase nyinaa no, mpafe si mmofra a wonnya nnii mfe anum bɛyɛ ɔpepem 40 na bɛyɛ ɔpepepem biako na ayamtu ka wɔn. Nanso, Oduruyɛfo Ralph Henderson a ɔyɛ adwuma wɔ World Health Organization (Wiase Ahyehyɛde a Ɛhwɛ Akwanhosan Nsɛm So) gye toom sɛ saa nyarewa yi “sa nyɛ den na ennye sika kɛse.” Nea ɛyɛ yaw no, na ɛsɛ sɛ wotwa nhyehyɛe a WHO yɛe sɛ wɔde bɛko atia saa nyarewa abien no pii mu anaasɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wotu hyɛ da esiane sika a enni hɔ nti. Sɛnea WHO kyerɛ no, sɛ sika wɔ hɔ a, anka wobetumi agye mmofra dodow a ayamtu kunkum wɔn no mu fã ne wɔn a mpafe kunkum wɔn no mu abiɛsa biara mu biako nkwa.
Wiase Ko II ho Nkae Ade a Ɛyɛ Hu
Bɛyɛ mfe 50 ni a Wiase Ko II a ɛtɔ so abien baa awiei no, German kurow Hamburg da so ara wɔ ɔko no ho nkae ade a ɛyɛ hu. Atesɛm krataa Süddeutsche Zeitung bɔ amanneɛ sɛ ɛde besi 1993 no, na kurow no bagua a ɛhwɛ sɛe akode no baguafo 23 no de afe biako asɛe atopae bɛboro 500, nnaka 2,440 a atopae a wobetumi de adi dwuma wom, atopae a wɔfrɛ no hand grenades 97, atopae a wɔde ko tia ntwitwiridii 24, atopae a wɔde hyehyɛ fam de ko tia ntwitwiridii 4, ne atopae a ɛdeda basabasa a wotutu fii fam ne nsu ase wɔ Hamburg kilogram 149. Sɛnea akontaabu kyerɛ no, atopae 2,000 bio da so hyehyɛ fam wɔ kurow no mu. Atesɛm krataa no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Ebegye awo ntoatoaso abien bio ansa na wɔatumi ahu akode nkae no nyinaa asɛe no.”
Dwuma Afoforo a Wɔde Bobesa a Wɔde Bɔ Mass no Di
Nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔyɛe nnansa yi da no adi sɛ bere a wɔtɔn bobesa bɛyɛ litre 10,000,000 (galɔn 2,600,000) afe biara sɛ wɔde bɛbɔ Mass wɔ Italy no, emu bɛyɛ litre 1,000,000 (galɔn 260,000) pɛ na wɔde yɛ “adidi kronkron” no. Dɛn nti na nsonsonoe wom saa? Sɛnea nimdefo bi ka no, “sɛ ɛkaa nea abarimaa a ɔyɛ adwuma wɔ afɔrebɔ pon so ne asɔfokwaa wia wɔn ho nom no nkutoo a, anka wɔbɛtɔ dodow yi mmɔho abien.” Corriere della Sera ka sɛ: “Nokwasɛm no ne sɛ nea asɔfopɔn ne asɔfo a aka nom bere a wodidi no yɛ mmɔho du.”
Kɔlera Foforo ho Asiane
Apɔwmuden ho adwumayɛfo ka sɛ kɔlera foforo bi a atrɛw ntɛmntɛm wɔ India ne Bangladesh na akodu Thailand betumi ama ɔyare no ayɛ nsanyare a ahyeta wɔ wiase nyinaa no nea ɛto so awotwe fi 1817. Wɔabɔ eyi ho kɔkɔ wɔ Asia, Afrika, ne Latin Amerika aman so. Ka a kɔlera a edii kan bae no kaa obi no mma ɔnne ne ho mfi foforo yi ho koraa. Nea ɛka ho bio no, wontumi mfa akwan a wɔnam so yɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ adufradan ahorow mu no so nhu ɔyare no, na aduru a ɛwɔ hɔ mprempren a wɔde wɔ paane no nso ntumi no. Atesɛm krataa The Lancet faa Nnuruyɛfo David L. Swerdlow ne Allen A. Ries a wɔwɔ Centers for Disease Control (Asoɛe a ɛhwɛ siw nyarewa ano) nsɛm a wɔakyerɛw de bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Esiane sɛ yentumi nka beae ne sɛnea saa ɔyare aboawa foforo yi bɛtrɛw ntɛmntɛm akodu nti, ɛsɛ sɛ aman siesie wɔn ho bere nyinaa denam wɔn ani a wɔbɛma ada hɔ, denam nnuru a wɔbɛma obiara anya ne nsu pa a wɔbɛma wɔn amanfo anya anom ne ɔkwampa a wɔbɛfa so ato efĩ agu so. Nsanyare a ɛtɔ so ason a ɛhyetaw kɛse a efii ase wɔ Asia wɔ 1960 mu no da so ara rekɔ so, na ɛka nnipa bɛboro ɔpepem abiɛsa kunkum mpem dudu pii.
Asiane Ahorow a Esisi Dwoda
Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ Flinders Sukuupɔn a ɛwɔ Australia mu ada no adi sɛ ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Dwoda ne dapɛn no mu da a mmarima taa kunkum wɔn ho. Sɛnea wɔbɔɔ amanneɛ wɔ The Sydney Morning Herald mu no, nnipa 19,425 na wokunkum wɔn ho wɔ Australia wɔ 1981 ne 1990 ntam. Sɛ wɔkyekyem a mmea a wokunkum wɔn ho dodow yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ dapɛn no mu nna no nyinaa mu, nanso mmarima a wɔyɛɛ saa Dwoda no dodow kɔɔ soro kɛse. Afei ɛso tew nkakrankakra bere a dapɛn no kɔ anim no. Wɔkae sɛ adwuma a wɔbɛsan akɔ no Dwoda ne ade titiriw a ɛmaa nkurɔfo kunkum wɔn ho no. Nnipa a wokunkum wɔn ho no dodow so tewee Dwoda biara a ɛyɛ amanfo dapɔnna, nanso dodow no kɔɔ soro bio wɔ da a edi dapɔnna no akyi a ɛyɛ Benada no. Nhwehwɛmu afoforo da no adi sɛ wɔtaa kunkum wɔn ho awia bere, bere a adwennwen ne akomatu mu yɛ den kɛse no. Dwoda nso ne da a komayare ka nkurɔfo kɛse. Nhwehwɛmu bi daa no adi sɛ nnipa 6,000 a komayare kaa wɔn no ɔha biara mu 18 sisii Dwoda bere a ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 12 sisii Kwasida. Dwoda nso ne da a nkurɔfo ntaa nkɔ adwuma.
Nsamanwaw Retrɛw
Sweden atesɛm krataa Dagens Nyheter bɔ amanneɛ sɛ nsamanwaw ne yare a ekunkum nnipa kɛse wɔ wiase mprempren. Ekunkum nnipa bɛboro 3,000,000 wɔ 1992 mu—wɔdɔɔso sen wɔn a AIDS, kɔlera, ne atiridii kunkum wɔn. World Health Organization yɛɛ nhyiam bi wɔ London esiane mmɔden a wɔrebɔ sɛ wobesiw trɛw a nsamanwaw retrɛw no ano nti. Wɔdaa no adi sɛ ɔyare no atrɛw wɔ wiase nyinaa na aman a wonnyaa nkɔso kɛse no na ɛka wɔn kɛse. Nanso ɛretrɛw yiye wɔ aman a wɔyɛ mfiridwuma kɛse wɔ so no mu esiane akwantu ne atutradi nti. Wotumi sa nnipa a wanya nsamanwaw a ɛtaa yɛ nkurɔfo no ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 95 yare, nanso foforo no a aduru ntumi no papa no de wotumi sa no nea ennu ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 40.
Nnipa a Wɔanyinyin a Wɔyɛ Wɔn Basabasa
Canada atesɛm krataa The Vancouver Sun kae nnansa yi sɛ “mmofra nkumaa ne mmofra a wɔanyinyin ne nkurɔfo a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhyehyɛe kyerɛkyerɛ wɔn mfaso a ɛwɔ wɔn a wɔn mfe akɔ anim so wɔ sukuu.” Dɛn ntia? Efisɛ Sun bɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔ Canada no “nnipa bɛboro 315,000 a wɔadi boro mfe 65 na wɔyɛ wɔn basabasa afe biara.” Ɛde ka ho sɛ “animdefo pii gye di sɛ ɔhaw no yɛ kɛse sen saa efisɛ abusuafo taa kata saa basabasayɛ no so.” Wɔn a wɔanyinyin ntaa mpɛ sɛ wɔbɛka sɛ wɔboro wɔn, wɔma wɔn adwenem yɛ wɔn basaa, wɔpow wɔn, na wɔyɛ wɔn sika nso basabasa. Mma a wɔanyinyin a wɔwɔ wɔn awofo a wɔn mfe akɔ anim sika ne wɔn agyapade so tumi a wɔyɛ nneɛma no basabasa no taa ma ehu ka ɔwofo a ne mfe akɔ anim no na ɔte nka sɛ onni ahobammɔ.
Asia Mmea Nyinyin Kyɛ
Sɛnea nsɛmma nhoma China Today ka no, Hong Kong mmea nkwa nna anya nkɔanim yiye wɔ mfe 20 a abɛsen kɔ yi mu. Wɔ 1971 no na wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ Hong Kong mmea nkwa nna bɛyɛ mfe 75.3. Ɛkɔɔ soro wɔ 1981 mu koduu 78.5. Na eduu mfe 80.6 wɔ 1991 mu. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ nnuan pa ne ayaresa ho nhyehyɛe a anya nkɔanim na ɛde nkɔso yi aba. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Asia mmea dodow no ara nkwa nna boro nea wɔhwɛ kwan sɛ obiara betumi anya no so. Mmea a wɔwɔ Taiwan betumi ahwɛ kwan sɛ wɔn nkwa nna tenten bɛyɛ mfe 77. Wɔ Singapore no mmea nkwa nna tenten yɛ bɛyɛ mfe 76, na wɔ People’s Republic of China no, ɛyɛ mfe 71. China Today ada no adi sɛ “Japan mmea da so ara yɛ nkurɔfo a wotumi nyin kyɛ wɔ wiase nyinaa na wɔn nkwa nna tenten yɛ mfe 83.”
Japan AIDS
Sɛnea aban amanneɛbɔ kyerɛ no, wɔ nnipa ɔpepem 124 a wɔte Japan man mu no, wɔn a wɔayɛ wɔn mu nhwehwɛmu ahu sɛ wɔanya AIDS mmoawa no nnu 3,000. Nsɛmma nhoma The Economist ka sɛ: “Nanso, wɔ kokoam no, ayaresabea adwumayɛfo a ebinom yɛ adwuma wɔ apɔwmuden asoɛe no gye di sɛ wɔn a wɔwɔ AIDS mmoawa no bi dɔɔso sen dodow a wɔde ato gua no.” Onimdefo bi bu akontaa sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no dodow no ankasa bɛyɛ nea wɔde ato gua no mmɔho du.” Nsɛmma nhoma no kae sɛ “wogye di sɛ nea ɛboro Japanfo a wɔwɔ yare bi a wɔfrɛ no haemophiliac (mogya a etu obi) no mu fã na wɔwɔ HIV (mmoawa a wɔde AIDS ba) no bi, na ade biako nti a ɛte saa ne aduru bi a wɔde mogya yɛ a wɔfrɛ no Factor 8 a na AIDS mmoawa no bi wom a wɔde maa wɔn no.” Wɔ Japan no, nnipa pii mpɛ sɛ wɔbɛka sɛnea mmarima a wɔne wɔn ho da no ma AIDS trɛw no ho asɛm koraa. Nanso Yuichi Shiokawa, Japan bagua a ɛhwɛ AIDS ho nsɛm so panyin no ka sɛ “mmarima a wɔne wɔn ho da abu so, titiriw wɔ nyamesom akannifo ne asraafo mu.”
Wɔde Ɔbrɛ Ka Kar?
Sɛnea atesɛm krataa The Star a wotintim wɔ Johannesburg, South Africa, kyerɛ no, kar a ɛhwe ase wɔ saa man no mu nyinaa abiɛsa biara mu biako fi ɔbrɛ a na ofirikafo no abrɛ. Ɔbrɛ a wɔde kar betumi ayɛ nea asiane wom te sɛ obi a waboro nsa anaa ɔde kar tu mmirika dodo no ara pɛ. Nea ɛkyerɛ sɛ ofirikafo bi abrɛ binom ne aniwa a ɛhyehye anaa ekum, nneɛma afoforo ho a wosusuw, ne ɔkwan mu agyiraehyɛde a wotwintware mu basabasa. Asiane a ɛwɔ ɔbrɛ a wɔde ka kar mu ne sɛ ebetumi aba sɛ ofirikafo no nhu ne tebea no ntɛm kosi sɛ ɛbɛka akyi dodo. Nnwom a wɔbɔ, kɔfe a wɔnom, anaa mframa pa a wogye ntumi mmoa mma wonni ɔhaw yi so ankasa. Nokwarem no, mmɔden a wɔbɔ sɛ wobedi ɔbrɛ so no betumi ama ofirikafo no ani afi ne ho koraa. Directorate Traffic Safety (asoɛe a ɛhwɛ akwantu ho bammɔ so) no kasamafo bi tu fo sɛ: “Sɛ woreka kar na wote nka sɛ woabrɛ a, ade biako pɛ na ɛsɛ sɛ woyɛ—gyina na gye w’ahome amonom hɔ ara. Fi ɔkwan no mu kogyina nkyɛn koraa na ntoa w’akwantu no so kosi sɛ wubegye w’ahome awie koraa.”