Wiase Nsɛm
Wɔahu Romafo Ademude wɔ Britania
Wɔahu sika kɔkɔɔ abona 14,780, dwetɛ, ne kɔbere mfrafrae abona ne sika kɔnmuade a ne tenten yɛ sɛntimita 90, sika kɔkɔɔ nkapo 15, ne dwetɛ ntere bɛyɛ 100 wɔ afuw bi mu wɔ Suffolk, England. Turoyɛfo bi a onyin ama no agyae adwuma a na ɔde afiri bi a wɔde hwehwɛ dade rehwehwɛ n’asae a ayera na ohuu ademude yi. Onimdefo bi abu nneɛma a wɔahu no bo ano ahu sɛ anyɛ yiye koraa no ebedu dɔla ɔpepem 15. Atemmufo bi aka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ademude no bɛyɛ Britania Aban no agyapade, a ɛno kyerɛ sɛ wobetua sika a ɛne ademude no bo bɛyɛ pɛ ama Eric Lawes a wadi mfe 70 a ohuu ademude no sɛ akyɛde. Guardian Weekly bɔ amanneɛ sɛ wɔde ademude no akogu Britania Tete Nneɛma Akorae hɔ ma bɛhwɛadefo tumi kɔhwɛ.
Asasewosow a Edi Awu Kɛse wɔ India
Time nsɛmma nhoma ka sɛ: “Onyame Ganesha a ɔwɔ ɔsono ti ne honamdua a ɛte sɛ ɔbarima bi a ne yafunu atwa puduw no yɛ Hindufo anyame a wɔn ani gye wɔn ho yiye no mu biako, na ɔyɛ onyame a ɔde nneɛma afoforo ne akraye ba.” Nanso bere a wɔde dadu afahyɛ a wɔhyɛ de dii saa akraye nyame yi ni baa awiei akyi nnɔnhwerew kakraa bi na asasewosow kɛse bi a ebubuu adan wɔ nkuraase ne nkurow bɛboro 50 mu sii wɔ India kesee fam atɔe hɔ. Akuraa Killari a na ɛbɛn baabi a asasewosow a wosusuwii no na ano den wɔ Richter asasewosow nsenia so no yɛ 6.4 pɛɛ no adan ɔha biara mu 90 bubui koraa. Akontaabu bi kyerɛ sɛ nnipa a wowuwui boro 20,000, a ɛma ɛno yɛ asasewosow a ɛsɛe ade sen biara wɔ India asasepɔn no so wɔ mfe 58 mu. Wɔkyerɛ sɛ ɛnyɛ asasewosow no ano den no na ekunkum nnipa a wowuwui no mu dodow no ara, na mmom esiane sɛ adan no dodow no ara yɛ tete dɔte adan, na ebubu kataa wɔn so no nti. Sɛ́ nhwɛso no, na asasewosow a esii wɔ San Francisco mfe kakraa bi a atwam no ano den wɔ Richter asasewosow nsenia so no yɛ 6.9. Nanso, nnipa 67 pɛ na wɔbɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ wowuwui, a komayare na ekunkum wɔn mu bi.
Akenkan ne Akyerɛw ho Nsɛnnennen wɔ Canada ne United States
Sɛnea The New York Times bɔ amanneɛ no, nhwehwɛmu bi a wɔde mfe anan ayɛ wɔ United States ada no adi sɛ “bɛyɛ ɔman mma ɔpepem 191 a wɔanyinyin no fã na wonnim Engiresi kasa no kɛse sɛ wobetumi akyerɛw krataa akobisa ɛka bi a wɔabu abrɛ wɔn a ntease nnim anaasɛ wobetumi afi bɔs akwantu ho nhyehyɛe bi a wɔatintim so abu akwantu no tenten ho akontaa.” Eyi kyerɛ sɛ wohyia da biara da asetram nsɛnnennen te sɛ atesɛm nkrataa mu nsɛm a wobetumi akenkan ate ase yiye, ahyehyɛ sikakorabea kratasin so nsɛm, akenkan bɔs dwumadi ho nhyehyɛe, anaa wɔakenkan aduru bi ho krataa ahu dodow a ɛfata sɛ wɔde ma abofra. Sɛnea The Globe and Mail kyerɛ no, nhwehwɛmu bi a ɛte saa ara a Canada aban maa wɔyɛe daa no adi sɛ “Canadafo a wɔanyinyin no ɔha biara mu 16 akenkan nyɛ nea ebetumi ama wɔn adi da biara da asetram nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho kyerɛwtohɔ a wohyia no mu pii ho dwuma” na wɔn mu ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 22 nso tumi kenkan kyerɛwtohɔ a ɛka nneɛma a ɛyɛ mmerɛw na wonim no yiye dedaw ho nsɛm ara kwa. Esiane akenkan ne akyerɛw a wonnim no yiye nti nnwuma pii abɔ ka dɔla ɔpepepem pii denam nnwuma a ɛnkɔ so yiye, mfomso ahorow a wodi, ne asiane ahorow so.
Obu a Amanfo wɔ Ma Asɔfo Kɔ Fam
Los Angeles Times ka sɛ: “Efi 1988 reba no, nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ no afe biara ada no adi sɛ nnipa a wogye di sɛ nyamesom rehwere tumi a ɛwɔ wɔ nnipa so no dɔɔso sen wɔn a wogye di sɛ ɛrenya tumi kɛse no.” Ade biako nti a ɛte saa ne sɛ asɔfo no rehwere nidi a amanfo wɔ ma wɔn no. Mfe awotwe a atwam no Amerikafo ɔha mu nkyekyem 67 na wɔkae sɛ wobu asɔfo sɛ wɔyɛ nkurɔfo a “wɔkorɔn” anaa mpo sɛ “wɔkorɔn paa” wɔ nokwaredi ne abrabɔ pa ho gyinapɛn ho. Nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛe wɔ 1993 mu daa no adi sɛ ɛso atew abedu ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 53. Dɛn ntia? Aniwusɛm a ɛfa nna mu ɔbrasɛe ho a asɔfo a wɔka nsɛmpa wɔ TV so, Protestantfo, ne Katolekfo asɔfo ayɛ no asɛe asɔfo din sɛnea akyɛde a wogyigye sɛ wɔde reboa ahiafo ho nsɛnsɛm ayɛ no ara pɛ. Eduu 1988 mu no, na nnufrafo abesi asɔfo ananmu sɛ nnipakuw a amanfo bu wɔn kɛse wɔ abrabɔ pa ho. Nhwehwɛmu foforo bi mpo a wɔyɛe daa no adi sɛ nnwumakuw a ankorankoro bi na wɔhwɛ so ne kɔmputa mfiridwuma wɔ nidi sen asɔre ahorow no sɛ akuw a anya nkɛntɛnso pa. Nanso amanfo da so ara te nka sɛ asɔfo di nokware sen amanyɛfo ne nsɛnkyerɛwfo.
Wɔretɔre India Wuram Mmoa Ase
Ná India Union Environment Ministry (India asoɛe bi a ɛhwɛ nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia ho nsɛm so) no mpanyimfo nyinaa asiesie wɔn ho sɛ wɔrebɛka nea wɔatumi ayɛ wɔ India asebɔ a wɔretɔre wɔn ase no ho ban a wɔatumi abɔ bere a wohui sɛ ɛnyɛ nokware sɛ wɔatumi abɔ mmoa no ho ban na mmom: Wɔretɔre asebɔ ase. Efi 1988 reba no wɔn a wowia wɔn ho kunkum wuram mmoa no akunkum asebɔ 4,500 a wɔwɔ wuram no mu 1,500. Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ wɔtɔn asebɔ a wokunkum wɔn no akwaa horow nyinaa—wɔn nhoma, nnompe, mogya, ne wɔn awode mpo—wɔ sum ase de gye aboɔden. Esum ase aguadi yi retɔre India mmoa afoforo pii nso ase. Bɛnkoro dodow a wokunkum wɔn de hwehwɛ wɔn mmɛn no abu abɔ ho. Wɔasan rekunkum asono nini de hwehwɛ wɔn asommɛn no. Wokunkum asebɔ ahorow nyinaa de hwehwɛ wɔn nhoma, wotwitwa awansan hwehwɛ wɔn kotoku a ohuam ade wom a ɛhyɛ wɔn ayaase no, na wokunkum asisi tuntum de hwehwɛ wɔn bɔnwoma toa. Nea ɛka ho bio no, wokunkum awɔ ne akotew de hwehwɛ wɔn nhoma, ne aboa bi a wɔfrɛ mongoose de hwehwɛ ne ho nhwi mfeamfea a wɔde yɛ brush no. Wowia wɔn ho de mmoa afoforo te sɛ nkyekyere ne nkorɔma fi ɔman no mu kɔtɔn wɔ amannɔne sɛ nyɛmmoa. Esiane sɛ wɔn a wowia wɔn ho kunkum wuram mmoa no de akode a ɛyɛ hu mia wɔn ho nti kwaem awɛnfo no suro sɛ wobetumi akunkum wɔn.
Wiase Akwahosan ho Amanneɛbɔ
World Health Organization (Amanaman Nkabom asoɛe a ɛhwɛ wiase nyinaa akwahosan so) reka sɛnea anidaso biara nni ɔko a wɔreko tia nyarewa wɔ wiase nyinaa ho asɛm no, ɛkae wɔ n’amanneɛbɔ a ɛto so awotwe a ɛfa wiase akwahosan tebea ho no mu sɛ: “Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ nyarewa a na anka ɛtaa yɛ nkurɔfo a wɔtete mmeae a nsu tɔ na awia bɔ kɛse wɔ hɔ ahyeta, na kɔlera atrɛw akodu Amerika nea edi kan wɔ afeha yi mu, na hurae ne dengue atiridii reka nnipa kɛse sen saa mpo, na atiridii nini reyɛ nnipa pii . . . AIDS yare no rehyeta wɔ wiase nyinaa . . . ahurututu mu nsamanwaw rehyeta . . . Nnipa dodow a kokoram ka wɔn wɔ aman a wonnyaa nkɔso kɛse mu no adɔɔso asen wɔn a ɛka wɔn wɔ aman a wodi yiye mu no nea edi kan. Na asikre yare rehyeta wɔ baabiara.” Ɛreka 1985-90 ho asɛm no, amanneɛbɔ no da no adi sɛ nnipa ɔpepem 50 a wowuwu afe biara no mu ɔpepem 46.5 na ɛyɛ nyarewa na ekunkum wɔn, na afei nso mmofra ɔpepem 140 a wɔwo wɔn afe biara no mu ɔpepem 4 na wowuwu wɔ wɔn awo akyi nnɔnhwerew anaa nnafua kakraa bi akyi. Kokoram ka nnipa foforo ɔpepem ason afe biara, na HIV aboawa a ɛde AIDS yare no ba no ka nnipa bɛboro ɔpepem biako afe biara. Nea eye no, mmofraaberem nyarewa te sɛ ntoboro ne nkɔnkɔn so retew na nnipa nkwa nna anya nkɔanim fi afe biako kosi abien. Sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a wiase nyinaa no nnipa nkwa nna tenten yɛ mfe 65.
Nnipa Dodow a Wowuwu wɔ Sigaretnom ho so Retew wɔ United States
United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Asoɛe a ɛhwɛ siw nyarewa ano wɔ United States) de ato gua sɛ nnipa dodow a wowuwu wɔ sigaretnom ho so atew—eyi ne nea edi kan a ɛso atew, fi 1985 a wofii ase yɛɛ ho kyerɛwtohɔ no. Amerikafo a sigaretnom kunkum wɔn afe biara so tewee nnipa 15,000 baa 419,000 wɔ 1990 mu, a ade titiriw a ɛmaa no baa saa ne komayare a wonya fi sigaretnom a ɛso tewee no. Amerikafo a wɔanyinyin bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 42.4 na na wɔnom sigaret wɔ 1965 mu. Eduu 1990 mu no, na wɔyɛ ɔha biara mu nkyekyem 25.5. Nanso sigaretnom da so ara yɛ ade a ɛsen biara a ɛde nyarewa ne owu a wobetumi akwati ba, ne akwahosan ho ka a wɔbɔ a na ɛtaa kɔ soro bɛyɛ dɔla ɔpepepem 20 afe biara no. Bere a aban no sɛe sika dɔla ɔpepem biako de bɔ dawuru tia sigaretnom no, tawa nnwumakuw no sɛe dɔla ɔpepepem 4 de hyɛ ho nkuran bɔ ho dawuru de ma sigaretnom nya nkɔanim. Asoɛe a ɛhwɛ siw nyarewa ano no bɔ amanneɛ sɛ sɛ wɔkyekyem pɛpɛɛpɛ a sigaretnom tew obiara a ɔnom no nkwa nna so mfe anum.
Abasamtu ne Koma No
Science News ka sɛ: “Abasamtu ne nkate mu ɔhaw yɛ nneɛma atitiriw a ɛma obi tumi nya komayare na akum no.” Nhwehwɛmufo ka sɛ: “Abasamtu ne awerɛhowdi a ɛtra hɔ mfe pii, nanso ennu ‘adwenemhaw a emu yɛ den’ mpo betumi asɛe sɛnea koma no yɛ adwuma no.” Nhwehwɛmufo no de bɛyɛ mfe 12 yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ mpanyimfo 2,832 a wɔadi fi mfe 45 kosi 77 mu. Wofii ase yɛɛ nhwehwɛmu no na wɔn mu biara nni komayare anaa yare a wonni ano aduru biara. Nea wohui no daa no adi sɛ wɔn a wɔkae sɛ wɔwɔ abasamtu a komayare kunkum wɔn no boro wɔn a wɔnka sɛ wɔwɔ abasamtu no so mmɔho anan, na wohui nso sɛ wɔn a na wɔwɔ adwenemhaw no taa nya komayare a ɛyɛ hu. Komayare kunkum wɔn a wonyaa adwenemhaw a emu nyɛ den ne wɔn a na wɔwɔ abasamtu kakra no kɛse sen wɔn a wɔanka sɛ wɔwɔ abasamtu no.
Wonnyae Da
Wɔ 1989 mu no, biribi honoo Craig Shergold, Britaniani abarimaa bi a wadi mfe ason amemene mu a na wosusuw sɛ ɔrennya nkwa. Ná n’apɛde ne sɛ ne nsa bɛka nkrataa a wɔde kyekye werɛ bebree asen obiara. Nsɛm amanneɛbɔ adwuma no ne Atlanta Children’s Wish Foundation International (Ahyehyɛde bi a ɛwɔ Atlanta, United States a ɛhwɛ di mmofra a wɔyare owuyare apɛde ho dwuma ma wɔn) no bɔɔ ho dawuru, na nkrataa dodow a ɛbae no boroo nea na ɛsen biara a wɔayɛ ho kyerɛwtohɔ no so wɔ asram kakraa bi mu. Nsa kaa nkrataa a wɔde kɔkyekyee ne werɛ bɛboro ɔpepem 16 wɔ afe a edi kan no mu, na ebeduu 1992 mu no, na nsa aka ɔpepem 33. Sɛ wɔkyekyem a nsa da so ka nkrataa 300,000 dapɛn biara, ɛwom sɛ wɔasrɛ sɛ mma wɔmfa bi mma bio bɛboro mfe abien ni de. Ne dodow duu ɔpepem 60 no na wogyaee kan. Arthur Stein, dwumadi no titrani, ka sɛ: “Yɛwɔ nkrataa no dodow a wɔde amena yɛn a yennya ntetee ano koraa a ayɛ ɔdan a ne kɛse yɛ mita ahinanan 900 mã kɔka ne nsɛmso so.” Ɛdenam ɔyamyefo bi mmoa so no, wɔyɛɛ Craig oprehyɛn wɔ 1991 mfiase, na woyii ade a ahono n’amemene mu no ɔha mu nkyekyem 90.