Nhomasua Papa a Wɔhwehwɛ

NHOMASUA papa siesie mmofra ma wotumi gyina ɛnnɛ wiase yi mu asetra ano. Ɛma wonya nhomasua mu ntetee, a nea ɛka ho ne akenkan ne akyerɛw a wohu no yiye ne nkontaa bu. Bio nso, ɛka sɛnea wɔne afoforo di nsɛm, na ɛhyɛ abrabɔ ho gyinapɛn ahorow a ɛfata mu den.

Nanso, esiane sɛ mmere yi mu yɛ den nti, ɛyɛ den yiye sɛ wɔde ntetee a ɛte saa bɛma. Australiani bi a wakyerɛ ade akyɛ bɔɔ abubu sɛ: “Adesuafo no yɛ mmofra a wɔpɛ basabasayɛ, wɔde kasafĩ ne atennidi di dwuma; mmofra a TV hwɛ ama wɔn nna nsõ wɔn a wɔabrɛbrɛ; mmofra a wonnya aduanpa nni anaa ɔkɔm de wɔn; ne mmofra a wɔtete wɔn a wɔntɛe wɔn so.” Na akyerɛkyerɛfo bɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ: “Wontumi nkyerɛ abofra a wɔbara no a ɛmmara ade.”

Albert Shanker, Amerika Akyerɛkyerɛfo Kuw no titrani, kaa akyerɛkyerɛfo ahoyeraw ho asɛm sɛ: “Ɛho abehia sɛ wɔde nnubɔne ne mmosa ne nna ho adesua ma, . . . kyerɛkyerɛ sukuufo sɛnea wobetumi anya wɔn ankasa mu ahotoso, ahu basabasayɛfo akuw mufo, . . . ne nneɛma foforo pii. Biribiara, gye nkyerɛkyerɛ ankasa. . . . Nea wɔkyerɛ wɔn ma wɔbɛyɛ ankasa ne asetra mu nsɛm adwumayɛfo, ɛnanom, agyanom, ayaresafo, polisifo, nnuan ho animdefo, aban ayaresabea adwumayɛfo, nnuruyɛ ho animdefo.”

Dɛn nti na wɔhwehwɛ sɛ akyerɛkyerɛfo yɛ eyi? Adesuakuw bi a ɛwɔ United States kusuu fam apuei kuropɔn kɛse bi mu no mufo tebea kyerɛ nea enti a ɛte saa. The New York Times de adesuakuw a adesuafo 23 na wɔwom ho nsɛm a ɔbenfo bi kae ho amanneɛbɔ mae. Ɔkae sɛ “wɔn mu 8 kosi 15 na ebia wodi hia; 3 yɛ ɛnanom a wɔde nnubɔne di dwuma mma; 15 ne awofo a wonni ahokafo na ɛte.”

Ɛda adi pefee sɛ, abusua mu repaapae. Wɔ United States no, aka kakra sɛ na nnipa 3 biara a wɔwo wɔn no mu 1 yɛ mpena ba, na aware 2 biara mu 1 kowie awaregu mu. Nanso wɔ Denmark, France, Great Britain, ne Sweden no, mpenamma dodow wɔ soro sen saa mpo. Mmɔden bɛn na wɔrebɔ de adi ɔhaw a saa tebea yi de ba sukuu ahorow mu no ho dwuma?

Ano Aduru a Wɔhwehwɛ

Wɔatetew sukuu ahorow a wɔde sɔ nneɛma foforo hwɛ anaa wɔkyerɛ nneɛma foforo wom. Eyinom taa yɛ nketewa—ɛma wotumi hwɛ so yiye—na emu pii yɛ wɔn ankasa adesua nhyehyɛe de bɔ mmɔden sɛ wobedi mmofra ahiade ho dwuma yiye. Wɔ New York Kuropɔn mu no, wɔatew saa sukuu nketewa yi 48 fi 1993, na wɔreyɛ 50 foforo nso ho nhyehyɛe. The New York Times kae sɛ: “[Sukuu] basabasayɛ na ɛma wofii ase sɔɔ nneɛma hwɛɛ saa no.” Ebeduu 1992 no, na wɔatew sukuu a wɔkyerɛ nneɛma foforo wom no bɛboro 500 wɔ Russia, a sukuufo bɛboro 333,000 na wɔwom.

Nanso, The Toronto Star bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ: “Nnipa ɔpepem pii reyi wɔn mma kɔ ankorankoro sukuu a ɛda nsow mu.” Wɔ Canada mantam a ɛne Ontario nkutoo mu no, mmofra bɛyɛ 75,000 kɔ ankorankoro sukuu ahorow. Seesei eyinom bi wɔ Russia baabiara nso, na China Today nsɛmma nhoma no ka sɛ abu so wɔ China sɛ “mpampuroforo wɔ osutɔbere mu.” The Handbook of Private Schools wɔ sukuu a ɛtete saa a ɛwɔ United States no bɛyɛ 1,700 din a wɔakyerɛw a wɔde ma kwa, faako a sika a wogye no afe biara tumi duru $20,000 anaa nea ɛboro saa.

Nanso awofo foforo apaw sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛkyerɛ wɔn mma ade wɔ fie. Wɔ United States nkutoo no, wobu akontaa sɛ wɔn a wɔkɔ sukuu wɔ fie no dodow kɔɔ soro fii 15,000 wɔ 1970 mu araa koduu ɔpepem biako wɔ 1995 mu.

Nea Afi Mu Aba a Egu Ahorow

Ɛnyɛ sukuu ahorow a ɛwɔ wiase nyinaa na ɛresow aba te sɛ afoforo. Wɔ July 1993 mu no, Shanker ka kyerɛɛ U.S. akyerɛkyerɛfo kuw bi sɛ: “Aman foforo reyɛ sukuu ahorow ma ɛresow aba pii sen yɛn de no.” Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔkae sɛ ohyiaa awarefo bi a wotu fii Russia bɛtraa United States. Ɔkyerɛe sɛ: “Wɔkae sɛ ɛwom sɛ wɔde wɔn ba kɔɔ ankorankoro sukuu papa mu de, nanso na wɔn abofra a ɔwɔ ne sukuu afe a ɛto so awotwe mu no resua nneɛma a osuae wɔ ne sukuu afe a ɛto so abiɛsa mu wɔ wɔn man mu no.”

Kan Soviet Union no yɛɛ sukuu nhyehyɛe bi a ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɛkyerɛɛ ɔmanfo no nyinaa akenkan ne akyerɛw. Nanso, sɛnea U.S. Nhomasua Asoɛe akontaabu bi kyerɛ no, Amerikafo ɔpepem 27 ntumi nkenkan kwan ho agyiraehyɛde bi anaa nɔma a ɛwɔ bɔs ho. Na Australia Canberra Times no bɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ “na mfitiase sukuu mmofra bɛyɛ ɔha biara mu 25 rekɔ ntoaso sukuu a wonnim akenkan ne akyerɛw.”

Seesei ɔkwan bi so no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ ɔhaw a ɛwɔ sukuu ahorow mu no kɔ so wɔ baabiara. Education and Society in the New Russia nhoma a wotintim no 1994 no ka sɛ “Soviet akyerɛkyerɛfo a wobisabisaa wɔn nsɛm no mu ɔha biara mu 72.6 gye toom sɛ sukuu nhyehyɛe no wɔ ɔhaw kɛse mu.” Sɛnea Tanya a wakyerɛ ade wɔ Moscow akyɛ no kyerɛ no, ade titiriw a ɛde ɔhaw no aba ne sɛ “awofo ne sukuufo no ankasa mfa nhomasua nyɛ hwee bio.” Sɛ nhwɛso no, ɔkae sɛ “sika a ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo gye no yɛ nea obi a ɔka bɔs gye no fã—anaa nea ennu saa mpo.”

Nhomasua Papa Ho Hia

Bere a nnipa asetra kɔ so nya nkɔanim kɛse no, adesua pa bɛyɛ ade a ɛho hia kɛse. Wɔ mmeae pii no, baabi a ehia sɛ abofra a wasi so kɔ sukuu kodu na watumi anya adwuma a ebetumi ahwɛ ɔno ne abusua a obenya no daakye no kɔ anim. Enti, wɔn a wɔanya nhomasua mu mfitiase ntetee mu ahokokwaw no benya adwuma mu kwan ntɛm koraa asen afoforo. Ade titiriw a ehia wɔn a wɔfa nkurɔfo adwuma ne nea ɛho hia no—sɛnea nea ɔrepɛ adwuma no betumi ayɛ adwuma no yiye.

Dwumadibea bi a ɛboa ma wɔfa nkurɔfo wɔ nnwuma mu panyin bi kaa nnipa pii a wɔawie ntoaso sukuu ho asɛm sɛ: “Wɔnkyerɛɛ wɔn sɛnea wɔyɛ adwuma.” Ɔde kaa ho sɛ: “Ɔhaw a wɔn a wɔfa nkurɔfo adwuma ka ho asɛm kyerɛ me bere nyinaa, bere a wɔne mmofra redi, ne sɛ, wonnim akenkan ne akyerɛw papa. Wontumi nhyehyɛ adwuma akwammisa krataa.”

Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ awofo bɛpɛ sɛ wɔn mma benya nhomasua papa, na ɛsɛ sɛ mmofra nso fi nyansam nya ɔpɛ a ɛte saa. Nanso ɛho hia sɛ wɔde nneɛma a ɛboa a mfaso wɔ so di dwuma. Dɛn ne nneɛma a ɛboa yi, na ɔkwan bɛn so na wobetumi de adi dwuma?

[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 18]

Wɔ Russia no, “sika a ɔkyerɛkyerɛfo gye no yɛ nea obi a ɔka bɔs gye no fã”