Wɔahu Ademude Bi a Ahintaw
Makarios Bible Ho Asɛm No
WƆ 1993 mu no, nhwehwɛmufo bi huu Orthodox Review nsɛmma nhoma dedaw pii bi a ne kɔla ayɛ sɛ akokɔsrade wɔ Russia Man Nhomakorabea a ɛwɔ St. Petersburg no. Nea na ɛwɔ nsɛmma nhoma a wɔkyerɛw no 1860 kosi 1867 mu no ne ademude bi a na ayera bɛboro mfe ɔha a na Russiafo nhu. Ná ɛyɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no, anaa Bible no “Apam Dedaw” no nyinaa a ɛwɔ Russia kasa mu!
Wɔn a wɔkyerɛɛ Kyerɛwnsɛm yi ase ne Mikhail Iakovlevich Glukharev, a wɔfrɛ no Ɔsɔfo Kumaa Makarios, ne Gerasim Petrovich Pavsky. Ná wɔn baanu nyinaa yɛ Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre no mu atitiriw, ne kasa mu animdefo. Bere a saa mmarima yi fii wɔn dwumadi ase wɔ afeha a ɛto so dunkron no mfiase no, na wonnya nkyerɛɛ Bible mũ no nyinaa ase nkɔɔ Russia kasa mu.
Ampa, na Bible no wɔ Slavonic kasa mu, kasa a na wɔka ansa na nnɛyi Russia kasa reba no. Nanso, eduu afeha a ɛto so 19 mfinimfini no, na wɔagyae Slavonic kasa no ka bere tenten, gye ɔsom dwumadi ahorow nkutoo mu na na asɔfo no de di dwuma. Ná tebea a ɛte saa ara wɔ Atɔe fam, baabi a Roma Katolek Asɔre no bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ ɛbɛma Bible no atra Latin kasa nkutoo mu bere a na wɔagyae ka bere tenten no.
Makarios ne Pavsky bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ wɔbɛma obiara anya Bible no bi. Enti, wɔn dwumadi a werɛ afi bere tenten a wɔahu no ama wɔatumi asan de nhoma no fã a ehia ne Russia ɔsom mu ademude no asi hɔ.
Nanso, na henanom koraa ne Makarios ne Pavsky? Na dɛn nti na wohyiaa ɔsɔretia wɔ mmɔden a wɔbɔe sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛ Bible no ase akɔ ɔmanfo kasa mu no saa? Bible no adɔfo nyinaa ani gye wɔn asɛm no ho, na ɛhyɛ wɔn gyidi den.
Hia a na Ehia sɛ Wonya Russia Kasa mu Bible
Ɛnyɛ Makarios ne Pavsky na wodii kan huu hia a ehia sɛ wonya Bible no bi wɔ ɔmanfo kasa mu. Mfeha a na atwam no, Russia hempɔn, Peter I, anaa Peter Ɔkɛseɛ, nso huu ahiade a ɛte saa. Nea yɛhyɛ no nsow ne sɛ, onyaa obu maa Kyerɛw Kronkron no, na wɔka sɛ ɔkae sɛ: “Bible no yɛ nhoma a ɛkyɛn nhoma a aka nyinaa, na ekura biribiara a ɛfa asɛyɛde a onipa wɔ wɔ Nyankopɔn ne ne yɔnko anim ho.”
Enti, wɔ 1716 mu no, Peter hyɛɛ ne mpanyimfo no maa wotintim Bible no bi wɔ Amsterdam, a n’ankasa na ɔbɔɔ ho ka. Ná ɛsɛ sɛ wɔma Russia ne Netherlands kasa ba kratafa biara so a emu biara wɔ n’afa. Afe biako pɛ akyi, wɔ 1717 mu no, na wɔawie Kristofo Hela Kyerɛwnsɛm, anaa “Apam Foforo,” no.
Eduu 1721 no, na wɔatintim Netherlandsfo kasa mu Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no a ekura apo anan no nso. Wɔankyerɛw hwee wɔ ɔfã biako, a na nea wɔde bɛhyɛ hɔ akyiri yi ne Russia kyerɛwsɛm no. Peter de Bible no kɔmaa Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre “Bagua Kronkron”—asɔre no mu mpanyimfo a wɔkorɔn—no sɛ wɔnhwɛ mma wontintim, na wɔnkyekyɛ. Nanso, bagua no anyɛ saa.
Ɛno akyi bɛyɛ mfe anan no, Peter wui. Dɛn na ɛbaa ne Bible no so? Wɔankyerɛw hwee wɔ afã a na ɛhɔ da mpan a na ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde Russia kyerɛwsɛm hyehyɛ hɔ no. Wɔboaa Bible no ano sum hɔ wɔ ɔdan bi ase, baabi a ɛsɛee koraa no—wɔannya biako mpo akyiri yi a na ɛnsɛee! Na bagua no sii gyinae sɛ “wɔbɛtɔn nea aka no nyinaa ama aguadifo.”
Wofi ne Nkyerɛase Ase
Wɔ 1812 mu no, John Paterson, a na ɔyɛ Britania ne Amannɔne Bible Fekuw no muni no baa Russia. Paterson kanyan animdefo a wɔwɔ St. Petersburg no anigye ma wɔtee Bible fekuw. Wɔ December 6, 1812 no—afe koro no ara a Russia asraafo pam Napoléon I asraafo a wobetuaa wɔn no—Ɔhempɔn Alexander I penee Russia Bible fekuw no nhyehyɛe nhoma so. Wɔ 1815 mu no, ɔhempɔn no hyɛɛ fekuw no guamtrani, Prince Aleksandr Golitsyn, sɛ ɔnka nkyerɛ sodifo bagua no sɛ “ɛsɛ sɛ Russiafo nso nya hokwan kenkan Onyankopɔn Asɛm wɔ wɔn ankasa kasa mu.”
Nea ɛhyɛ nkuran no, wɔpenee so sɛ wɔnkyerɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no ase mfi mfitiase Hebri kasa no mu nkɔ Russia kasa mu. Tete Hela Septuagint no na wogyinaa so kyerɛɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no ase kɔɔ Slavonic kasa mu. Wɔka kyerɛɛ wɔn a na wɔbɛkyerɛ Bible no ase akɔ Russia kasa mu no sɛ nnyinasosɛm atitiriw a wɔhwehwɛ wɔ nkyerɛase no ho ne sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, emu da hɔ, na edi mũ. Dɛn na ɛbaa mmɔden a wɔbɔe mfiase sɛ wobenya Bible no bi wɔ Russia kasa mu yi so?
Bible Nkyerɛase Ho Akwanside?
Ankyɛ na asɔre no ne aban no mu nnipa bi a wokura tete adwene bɛyɛɛ ahwɛyiye wɔ amannɔne som ne amammuisɛm nkɛntɛnso ho. Asɔre akannifo bi san kyerɛe sɛ Slavonic—a na asɔfo no ka no—ma Bible no mu da hɔ kɛse sen Russia kasa.
Enti woguu Russia Bible Fekuw no wɔ 1826 mu. Wɔhyew nkyerɛase a Bible fekuw no yɛe no mpempem pii. Ne saa nti, amanne ne atetesɛm bunkam Bible no so. Bere a na bagua no redi Roma Katolek Asɔre no nhwɛso akyi no, ɛhyɛe wɔ 1836 mu sɛ: “Asɔre ba biara a ɔyɛ nsi no wɔ hokwan sɛ ɔte Kyerɛwnsɛm no mu nsɛm, nanso obiara nni hokwan sɛ ɔkenkan Kyerɛwnsɛm no fã bi bere a wɔmmaa no akwankyerɛ, titiriw Apam Dedaw no.” Ná ɛte sɛ nea wɔagu Bible nkyerɛase a wɔbɛyɛ no.
Pavsky Dwumadi
Bere kɔɔ so no, Gerasim Pavsky, a na ɔyɛ Hebri kasa mu ɔbenfo, no gye too ne ho so sɛ ɔbɛkyerɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no ase akɔ Russia kasa mu. Wɔ 1821 mu no, ɔkyerɛɛ Nnwom nhoma no ase wiei. Ɔhempɔn no penee so ntɛm ara, na eduu January 1822 no, na wɔama ɔmanfo anya Nnwom nhoma no bi. Wogye toom ntɛm ara, na na ɛsɛ sɛ wotintim no mpɛn 12—a na ne nyinaa dodow yɛ mfuamfua 100,000!
Pavsky nhomasua mu mmɔdenbɔ no maa kasa ho animdefo ne nyamekyerɛfo pii nyaa obu maa no. Wɔka ne ho asɛm sɛ ɔbarima a na ɔyɛ penpen na odi nokware, a wamma nnaadaasɛm a na atwa ne ho ahyia no ankɛntɛn ne so. Ɛmfa ho sɛ na asɔre no sɔre tia Russia Bible Fekuw no ne nokwasɛm a ɛne sɛ na ebinom te nka sɛ fekuw no yɛ amannɔne kuw no, Ɔbenfo Pavsky kɔɔ so kyerɛɛ Bible no ase kɔɔ Russia kasa mu wɔ ɔkasa ahorow a ɔmae mu. Asuafo a na wɔn ani gye ne ho no kyerɛw ne nkyerɛase no, na eduu bere bi no, wotumi boaboaa ne dwumadi no ano. Wɔ 1839 mu no, wɔde akokoduru tintim mfuamfua 150 wɔ nhomasua nhomatintimbea hɔ—a na bagua no mmaa ho kwan.
Pavsky nkyerɛase no nyaa akenkanfo so nkɛntɛnso kɛse, na nnipa pii tu guu so. Nanso wɔ 1841 mu no, obi a wammɔ ne din kɔbɔɔ sobo kyerɛɛ bagua no fa “asiane” a saa nkyerɛase yi yɛ ho, na ɔkyerɛe sɛ ɛne Ortodɔks nkyerɛkyerɛ nhyia. Mfe abien akyi no, bagua no de ahyɛde mae sɛ: “Munnyigye G. Pavsky Apam Dedaw nkyerɛase a ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔde nsa akyerɛw ne nea wɔatintim nyinaa nsɛe no.”
Onyankopɔn Din a Wɔhyɛ no Anuonyam
Nanso, na Pavsky akanyan Bible nkyerɛase ho anigye. Ná wabɔ kwan titiriw bi nso ama daakye nsɛm asekyerɛfo no wɔ biribi foforo a ehia ho—Onyankopɔn din.
Russiani nhwehwɛmufo Korsunsky kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ: ‘Ná Onyankopɔn din ankasa, edin a ɛyɛ kronkron sen ne din a aka nyinaa no, yɛ Hebri nkyerɛwde anan יהוה, na seesei wɔbɔ no Yehowa.’ Wɔ tete Bible no mu no, saa Onyankopɔn din a ɛda nsow no pue mpɛn mpempem pii wɔ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no nkutoo mu. Nanso, Yudafo no dii mfomso begye dii sɛ Onyankopɔn din no yɛ kronkron dodo sɛ wɔbɛkyerɛw anaa wɔbɛbɔ. Ɛdefa eyi ho no, Korsunsky kae sɛ: ‘Bere nyinaa wɔde Adonai, asɛmfua a wɔtaa kyerɛ ase “Awurade” no na esii ananmu, sɛ́ na wɔrekasa anaa wɔrekyerɛw ade no.’
Ɛda adi pefee sɛ gyidihunu ho suro—a ɛnyɛ osuro pa—na ɛma wɔpoe sɛ wɔde Onyankopɔn din no bedi dwuma. Wɔnka no Bible mu baabiara sɛ ɛnsɛ sɛ wɔde Onyankopɔn din di dwuma. Onyankopɔn ankasa ka kyerɛɛ Mose sɛ: “Ka kyerɛ Israel mma sɛ: [Yehowa, NW], mo agyanom Nyankopɔn . . . na wasoma me mo nkyɛn yi, eyi ne me din de kosi daa, na eyi na wɔmfa nkae me awo ntoatoaso nyinaa mu.” (Exodus 3:15) Mpɛn pii na Kyerɛwnsɛm no hyɛ Yehowa asomfo nkuran sɛ: “Monkamfo [Yehowa, NW], mommɔ ne din.” (Yesaia 12:4) Nanso, Bible asekyerɛfo no mu dodow no ara pawee sɛ wobedi Yudafo atetesɛm akyi, na wɔkwatii sɛ wɔde Nyankopɔn din bedi dwuma.
Nanso, Pavsky anni saa atetesɛm yi akyi. Wɔ Nnwom nhoma no a ɔkyerɛɛ ase nkutoo mu no, edin Yehowa no pue bɛboro mpɛn 35. N’akokoduru no nyaa ne bere sofo no mu biako so nkɛntɛnso kɛse.
Ɔsɔfo Kumaa Makarios
Ná ne bere soni yi ne ɔsɔfo kumaa Makarios, Russia Ortodɔks ɔsɛmpatrɛwfo bi a na ɔwɔ kasa mu nimdeɛ a ɛyɛ nwonwa no. Bere a odii mfe ason pɛ no, na otumi kyerɛ Russia kyerɛw nsɛm ntiantiaa ase kɔ Latin kasa mu. Bere a odii mfe 20 no, na onim Hebri, German, ne Franse kasa. Nanso, n’ahobrɛase su ne te a na ɔte nka sɛ ɔwɔ asɛyɛde wɔ Onyankopɔn anim no boaa no ma wanyɛ ahomaso. Ɔhwehwɛɛ kasa mu animdefo ne nhomanimfo foforo afotu mpɛn pii.
Ná Makarios pɛ sɛ ɔyɛ nsakrae wɔ asɛmpatrɛw adwuma no mu wɔ Russia. Ɔtee nka sɛ ansa na wobetumi ama Nkramofo ne Yudafo a wɔwɔ Russia ahu Kristosom no, na ɛsɛ sɛ asɔre no “kyerɛkyerɛ nnipadɔm denam sukuu ahorow a wobebue ne Russia kasa mu Bible a wɔbɛkyekyɛ so.” Wɔ March 1839 mu no, Makarios duu St. Petersburg, a na ɔwɔ anidaso sɛ wɔbɛma no kwan ma wakyerɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no ase akɔ Russia kasa mu.
Ná Makarios akyerɛ Bible nhoma a ɛne Yesaia ne Hiob ase dedaw. Nanso, bagua no amma no kwan ma wankyerɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no ase ankɔ Russia kasa mu. Nokwarem no, wɔka kyerɛɛ Makarios sɛ onyi adwene a ɛne sɛ ɔbɛkyerɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no ase akɔ Russia kasa mu no mfi ne tirim. Bagua no hyɛɛ mmara bi wɔ April 11, 1841 mu, a na ɛrehyɛ Makarios sɛ “ɔnkɔ bɔneka bɛyɛ adapɛn abiɛsa kosi asia wɔ ɔsɔfo panyin a ɔwɔ Tomsk no fie sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a ɔnam mpaebɔ ne nkotɔsrɛ so bɛtew n’ahonim ho.”
Makarios Akokoduru
Efi December 1841 kosi January 1842 no, Makarios dii ne bɔneka no ho dwuma. Nanso bere a odii ho dwuma wiei no, ofii ase ntɛm ara kyerɛɛ Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm nkae no ase. Ná ne nsa aka Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm a Pavsky kyerɛɛ ase no bi, na ɔhwɛɛ so de totoo sɛnea na n’ankasa akyerɛ nsɛm ase no ho. Te sɛ Pavsky no, wankata Onyankopɔn din so. Nokwarem no, edin Yehowa no pue bɛboro mpɛn 3,500 wɔ Makarios nkyerɛase no mu!
Makarios de ne Bible no bi kɔmaa nnamfo a na wɔne no yɛ adwene no. Ɛwom sɛ wɔkyekyɛɛ nea na wɔde nsa akyerɛw kakraa bi de, nanso asɔre no kɔɔ so siw ne nhoma no tintim ho kwan. Makarios yɛɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ ɔbɛma ne Bible no adu amannɔne. Ade rebɛkye ma wakɔ no, ɔyaree na owui ɛno akyi bere tiaa bi wɔ afe 1847 mu. Wɔantintim ne Bible nkyerɛase no wɔ ne bere so.
Wotintim Akyiri Yi!
Awiei koraa no, amammuisɛm ne nyamesom nkɛntɛnso no sakrae. Nkurɔfo adwene mu buei kɛse wɔ asase no so, na wɔ 1856 mu no, bagua no penee so bio sɛ wɔnkyerɛ Bible no ase nkɔ Russia kasa mu. Wɔ saa tebea pa yi mu no, wotintim Makarios Bible no nkakrankakra wɔ Orthodox Review mu wɔ 1860 kosi 1867 mu, a asɛmti a wɔde too so ne An Experiment of Translation Into the Russian Language [Nkyerɛase Bi a Wɔde Kɔ Russia Kasa Mu a Wɔresɔ Ahwɛ].
Ɔsɔfo panyin Filaret a ɔwɔ Chernigov a ɔwɔ Russia nyamesom nhoma ho nimdeɛ no kamfoo Makarios Bible no sɛ: “Ne nkyerɛase no di Hebri kyerɛwsɛm no akyi pɛpɛɛpɛ, na nsɛmfua a ɔde dii dwuma wɔ nkyerɛase no mu no yɛ kurenyenn na ɛfata asɛm no.”
Nanso, wɔanyi Makarios Bible no adi amma ɔmanfo no. Nokwarem no, anka werɛ reyɛ afi. Awiei koraa wɔ 1876 mu no, bagua no penee so maa wɔkyerɛɛ Bible mũ no nyinaa, Hebri ne Hela Kyerɛwnsɛm no nyinaa ase kɔɔ Russia kasa mu. Wɔtaa frɛ saa Bible mũ yi nyinaa bagua no nkyerɛase. Nanso nokwasɛm no ne sɛ, Makarios nkyerɛase no, ne Pavsky de no titiriw na wogyinaa so yɛɛ Russia Ortodɔks Asɔre no nkyerɛase a “wogye tom no.” Nanso mmeae kakraa bi pɛ na wɔde Onyankopɔn din no dii dwuma wɔ baabi a epue wɔ Hebri kasa mu no.
Makarios Bible Nnɛ
Wɔanhu Makarios Bible no besi 1993 mu. Sɛnea yɛkaa ho asɛm mfiase no, saa bere no na wohui wɔ Orthodox Review nsɛmma nhoma dedaw bi a ɛda Russia Ɔman Nhomakorabea no beae a nhoma a nkurɔfo ntaa nkenkan gu no mu. Yehowa Adansefo huu bo a ɛsom sɛ wɔbɛma ɔmanfo anya saa Bible yi bi. Nhomakorabea no de hokwan maa Yehowa Adansefo Nyamesom Ahyehyɛde a ɛwɔ Russia no ma wogyee Makarios Bible no, na ama wɔatumi ahwɛ so atintim bi.
Enti Yehowa Adansefo yɛɛ nhyehyɛe maa wotintim saa Bible yi bɛyɛ mfuamfua 300,000 wɔ Italy a na wɔbɛkyekyɛ wɔ Russia ne aman pii a aka a wɔka Russia kasa no nyinaa mu. Nea ɛka Hebri Kyerɛwnsɛm no mu dodow no ara a Makarios kyerɛɛ ase ho wɔ saa Bible yi mu ne Nnwom nhoma no a Pavsky kyerɛɛ ase ne afei, Hela Kyerɛwnsɛm no a Ortodɔks Asɔre no maa bagua no kyerɛɛ ase no.
Wɔ January afe yi mu no, woyii no adi wɔ nsɛnkyerɛwfo nhyiam bi a wɔyɛe wɔ St. Petersburg, Russia, no ase. (Hwɛ kratafã 26.) Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ Bible foforo yi bɛma Russia akenkanfo ate nneɛma ase ahu mu yiye.
Enti saa Bible yi a wɔatintim no yɛ nyamesom ne nhomasua mu nkonimdi! Ɛsan kae yɛn nokware a nsɛm a ɛwɔ Yesaia 40:8 no yɛ ma ɛhyɛ yɛn gyidi den: “Wura guan, nhwiren twam, na yɛn Nyankopɔn asɛm tim hɔ daa.”
[Kratafa 26 adaka/mfonini]
Akasatiafo Kamfo Bible No
“Wɔayi nhoma nkaedum bi adi seesei: Makarios Bible no.” Saa nnianim asɛm yi na atesɛm krataa Komsomolskaya Pravda de bɔɔ Makarios Bible no a woyii no adi no ho amanneɛ.
Bere a krataa yi kae sɛ bɛyɛ “mfe 120 a atwam ni” ara na wɔkyerɛɛ Bible no ase kɔɔ Russia kasa mu no, edii abooboo sɛ: “Mfe pii na asɔre no de sɔre tiaa nhoma kronkron no a na wɔbɛkyerɛ ase akɔ kasa a obiara betumi akenkan mu no. Bere a asɔre no poo nkyerɛase ahorow pii no, awiei koraa no, ɛpenee emu biako so wɔ 1876 mu, na wɔbɛfrɛɛ no bagua no nkyerɛase. Nanso, wɔamma wɔamfa anni dwuma wɔ asɔre ahorow no mu. Ɛde besi nnɛ no, Bible biako pɛ a wogye tom wɔ asɔre no mu no wɔ Slavonic kasa mu.”
St. Petersburg Echo atesɛm krataa no twee adwene sii mfaso a ɛwɔ so sɛ wɔatintim Makarios Bible no so, na ɛkae sɛ: “Nhomanimfo a wɔwɔ tumi a wɔwɔ St. Petersburg Mantam Sukuupɔn, Herzen Pedagogical Sukuupɔn mu, ne Ɔman Tete Nneɛma Akorae a Wɔkora Ɔsom Abakɔsɛm Ho Nneɛma So no kamfoo Bible nkyerɛase foforo yi kɛse.” Bere a atesɛm krataa no retwe adwene asi Bible no a Makarios ne Pavsky kyerɛɛ ase kɔɔ Russia kasa mu wɔ afeha a ɛto so dunkron no fã a edi kan mu so no, ɛkae sɛ: “Ebesi saa bere no, na Slavonic kasa a asɔfo no nkutoo na wɔte ase no mu nkutoo na wotumi kenkan Bible no wɔ Russia.”
Wɔde Makarios Bible no a Yehowa Adansefo yii no adi no ho amanneɛbɔ mae wɔ nsɛnkyerɛwfo nhyiam bi a wɔyɛe wɔ St. Petersburg saa afe yi mfiase no ase. Ɛhɔnom atesɛm krataa Nevskoye Vremya kae sɛ: “Nhomanimfo a wɔwɔ tumi no . . . sii so dua sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ wobu saa Bible no sɛ biribi titiriw a ehia wɔ Russia ne St. Petersburg amammerɛ mu. Ɛmfa ho nea obi susuw wɔ saa nyamesom ahyehyɛde yi ho no, akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ Bible nkyerɛase yi a ebesi saa bere no, na wonnim no so wɔ mfaso kɛse.”
Nokwarem no, Onyankopɔn adɔfo nyinaa ani gye bere a wɔma wonya N’asɛm a wɔakyerɛw no bi wɔ kasa a obiara betumi akenkan ate ase mu no. Bible adɔfo a wɔwɔ mmaa nyinaa ani gye ho sɛ wɔama wiase nnipa ɔpepem pii a wɔka Russia kasa no anya Bible nkyerɛase foforo.
[Mfonini]
Wɔde Makarios Bible no a woyii no adi no ho amanneɛbɔ too gua wɔ nsɛnkyerɛwfo nhyiam yi ase
[Kratafa 23 mfonini]
Russia Man Nhomakorabea, baabi a wohuu ademude a ahintaw no
[Kratafa 23 mfonini]
Peter Ɔkɛseɛ bɔɔ mmɔden sɛ ɔbɛma wɔatintim Bible no wɔ Russia kasa mu
[Asɛm Fibea]
Corbis-Bettmann
[Kratafa 24 mfonini]
Gerasim Pavsky a ɔboa ma wɔkyerɛɛ Bible no ase kɔɔ Russia kasa mu no
[Kratafa 25 mfonini]
Ɔsɔfo kumaa Makarios a wɔde ne din too Russia kasa mu Bible no so no