Bible—So Ɛyɛ Nokware Abakɔsɛm?
WƆKASA tiaa sodifo. Wɔkasa tiaa asɔfo. Wɔkasa tiaa mpapahwekwa wɔ wɔn amumɔyɛ ho. Wɔdaa wɔn ankasa mmerɛwyɛ ne wɔn mfomso mpo adi. Wohyiaa ɔsɔretia ne ɔtaa na esiane nokware no ho asɛm a wɔkae na wɔkyerɛwee nti, wokunkum wɔn mu binom. Henanom ho asɛm na yɛreka yi? Bible adiyifo a wɔn mu pii nyaa kyɛfa wɔ Kyerɛw Kronkron no kyerɛw mu no.—Mateo 23:35-37.
Page Smith kyerɛwee wɔ ne nhoma The Historian and History mu sɛ: “[Hebrifo] akyerɛwfo no kaa dɔmmarima ne nkoa, wɔn ankasa ne wɔn atamfo nyinaa ho nokwasɛm pɛpɛɛpɛ, efisɛ Onyankopɔn na ɔkyerɛɛ wɔn nea ɛsɛ sɛ wɔkyerɛw, na na wontumi nyi bi mfi mu anaasɛ wɔmfa bi nka ho.” Smith san kyerɛwee sɛ “sɛ Siria ne Misraim ahemfo a wodii ako ho nsɛm pii a wɔkyerɛw no da nkyɛn a, ahohia a Onyankopɔn nkurɔfo kɔɔ mu ne nkonim a wodii ho kyerɛwtohɔ . . . no nso yɛ asɛm a ɛyɛ ahodwiriw. Hebri akyerɛwfo no huu ade biako a ɛma abakɔsɛm di mu—sɛ ɛka ateasefo ankasa ho asɛm, na ɛda wɔn sintɔ ne wɔn mmerɛwyɛ adi.”
Bible akyerɛwfo no de ahwɛyiye kɛse dii dwuma nso. Bere a Werner Keller hwehwɛɛ abakɔsɛm ne tetefo nneɛma a wotutu fam hu mu wiei no, ɔkae wɔ ne nhoma The Bible as History nnianim asɛm no mu sɛ: “Esiane sɛ adanse a edi mu na ɛyɛ nokware pii wɔ hɔ nti, . . . misusuw asɛnkoro yi ho bere nyinaa sɛ: ‘Bible no yɛ nokware turodoo!’”
Abakɔsɛm a Ɛhyɛ Nkuran a Asuade Pii Wom
Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ na mmarima a wɔkyerɛw Bible no nyinaa yɛ nnipa a wonni mu biara—akuafo, nguanhwɛfo, apofofo. Nanso, ade a wɔde mfe bɛyɛ 1,600 kyerɛwee no anya nnipa a wɔtraa ase tete no ne nnɛ nyinaa so nkɛntɛnso. Afei nso, nnipa pii sɔre tiaa nhoma a wɔkyerɛwee no, nanso, ankosi hwee. (Yesaia 40:8; 1 Petro 1:25) Ɛnnɛ, wobetumi akenkan Bible no nyinaa anaa ne fã bi wɔ kasa bɛyɛ 2,200 mu—ɛdɔɔso kyɛn nhoma biara a wɔakyerɛw pɛn koraa! Dɛn nti na Bible no da nsow saa? Nsɛm a edidi so yi bua saa asɛm no.
“Kyerɛw nyinaa fi Nyankopɔn home mu, na eye ma ɔkyerɛkyerɛ, ntɛnyi, nteɛso ne trenee mu yɛn. Na Onyankopɔn nipa ayɛ pɛ a wɔasiesie no koraa ama nnwuma pa nyinaa.”—2 Timoteo 3:16, 17.
“Na biribiara a wɔakyerɛw ato hɔ no, wɔakyerɛw ama yɛn kyerɛkyerɛ sɛ yɛmfa boasetɔ ne kyerɛw nsɛm no mu awerɛkyekye so nnya anidaso.”—Romafo 15:4.
“Na eyinom nyinaa ama Israelfo no ayɛ nhwɛso, na wɔakyerɛw ama yɛn [Kristofo] a wiase bere awiei ato yɛn yi afotu.”—1 Korintofo 10:11.
Yiw, esiane sɛ Onyankopɔn honhom na wɔde kyerɛwee nnipa a wɔtraa ase ankasa—a ebinom sɔɔ Onyankopɔn ani na afoforo nso ansɔ n’ani—no ho asɛm nti, ɛma Bible no korɔn sen nhoma biara. Ɛnyɛ nhoma a ɛka nea eye ne nea enye anaa aseresɛm a mmofra ani gye ho, ho asɛm kɛkɛ. Ampa, Onyankopɔn de nnipa na edii dwuma de kyerɛw Bible no, nanso, eyi a ɔyɛe no ama awo ntoatoaso nyinaa akyerɛ Bible no ho anigye na aka wɔn koma. William Albright, a otutu fam hwehwɛ tetefo nneɛma mu no, kae sɛ: “Abrabɔ ne honhom fam akwankyerɛ pa a Onyankopɔn maa nnipa kyerɛw wɔ Bible mu no yɛ nea mfaso wɔ so nnɛ sɛnea na ɛte mfe mpem abien anaa abiɛsa a atwam no ara pɛ.”
Nea ɛbɛyɛ na yɛahu sɛ mfaso wɔ Bible no so daa no, momma yensusuw adesamma abakɔsɛm mfitiase—nea Bible nkutoo na ebetumi ama yɛahu—no ho, na yɛnhwɛ asuade atitiriw a ɛwɔ Genesis nhoma no mu.
Asuade a Yenya Fi Abasɛm a Akyɛ Paa Mu Nnɛ
Nneɛma a Genesis nhoma no ma yehu no bi ne adesamma abusua no mfiase—edin ahorow ne biribiara. Ɛdefa asɛm yi ho no, abakɔsɛm nhoma foforo biara nni hɔ a ɛka nsɛm pɔtee saa. Ebia wubebisa sɛ, ‘Mfaso bɛn na ɛwɔ so sɛ yebehu yɛn nana a odi kan no ho asɛm nnɛ?’ Mfaso kɛse wɔ so, efisɛ Genesis nhoma no kyerɛ sɛ nnipa nyinaa—ɛmfa ho wɔn honam ani hwɛbea, abusua anaa ɔman a wofi mu—fi ɔbarima ne ɔbea biako mu.—Asomafo no Nnwuma 17:26.
Genesis de abrabɔ ho akwankyerɛ nso ma. Ɛkyerɛ sɛnea Onyankopɔn sɛee nnipa a na wɔte Sodom ne Gomora ne nkurow a na ɛbemmɛn hɔ no esiane nna mu nneyɛe bɔne a ɛkɔ akyiri a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛɛ mu no nti. (Genesis 18:20–19:29) Bible nhoma a ɛne Yuda no nkyekyem 7 ka sɛ: ‘Sodom ne Gomora ne nkurow a ɛdeda ho a wɔde wɔn ho maa aguamammɔ na wokodii ɔhonam foforo akyi no, yɛ nhwɛsode ma yɛn.’ Ɛwom sɛ Onyankopɔn amfa abrabɔ ho mmara biara amma nnipa a na wɔte Sodom ne Gomora no de, nanso na wɔwɔ ahonim te sɛ nea nnipa nyinaa wɔ bi no. Enti na Onyankopɔn betumi agyina wɔn nneyɛe so abu wɔn atɛn ma afata. (Romafo 1:26, 27; 2:14, 15) Saa ara na nnɛ nso, Onyankopɔn begyina nnipa nyinaa nneyɛe so abu wɔn atɛn, sɛ wotie N’asɛm Kyerɛw Kronkron Bible no, anaasɛ wontie no.—2 Tesalonikafo 1:8, 9.
Ogye Ho Asuade a Ɛwɔ Abakɔsɛm Mu
Titus Nkaedum a ɛwɔ Roma so nsɛm kyerɛ sɛnea Roma asraafo no faa nnwinne kronkron a na ɛwɔ Yerusalem asɔrefie hɔ no bere a wɔsɛee kurow no wɔ afe 70 Y.B. mu no. Wokunkum Yudafo bɛboro ɔpepem biako. Nanso, Kristofo a wɔyɛɛ osetie no nyaa nkwa esiane Yesu kɔkɔbɔ yi a wotiei no nti: “Na sɛ muhu sɛ dɔm atwa Yerusalem ho ahyia a, ɛnde munhu sɛ ne bɔ abɛn. Ɛnna momma wɔn a wɔwɔ Yudea nguan nkɔ mmepɔw so, na wɔn a wɔwɔ [Yerusalem] mfi mu nkɔ, na wɔn a wɔwɔ nkuraase no, mommma wɔnnkɔ mu, efisɛ eyi ne aweredi nna.”—Luka 21:20-22.
Ahohiahia a ɛbaa Yerusalem so no nyɛ abakɔsɛm ara kwa, na mmom ɛyɛ ahohiahia kɛse a ɛnkyɛ ɛbɛba wiase nyinaa so no nsusuwso. Na saa bere yi nso, ebinom benya nkwa. Wɔka eyinom ho asɛm sɛ “nnipakuw kɛse . . . a wofi aman ne mmusuakuw ne nkurɔfo ne ɔkasa nyinaa mu.” Wofi ‘ahohiahia kɛse no mu,’ esiane Yesu mogya no mu gyidi a wɔwɔ—gyidi a egyina Bible abakɔsɛm ne nkɔmhyɛ so pintinn—no nti.—Adiyisɛm 7:9, 14.
Abakɔsɛm Bi a Ɛrensi Bio
Ɛnnɛ, yɛte mmere a Anglo-Amerika Wiase Tumi, tumi a etwa to wɔ Bible nkɔmhyɛ mu, anya nkɛntɛnso kɛse no mu. Abakɔsɛm da no adi sɛ ɛno nso bɛsɛe sɛnea tumi ahorow a edii n’anim sɛee no ara pɛ. Nanso, ɔkwan bɛn so? Bible kyerɛ sɛ saa tumi yi sɛe bɛyɛ soronko. Bere a Daniel 2:44 retwe adwene asi 1914 Y.B. so no, ɛkaa amammui tumidi anaa “ahenni ahorow” no ho asɛm sɛ: “Na ahene no nna no mu no, ɔsoro Nyankopɔn bɛma ahenni a wɔrensɛe no da, na wɔrennyaw n’ahenni mma ɔman foforo bi so, na ebebubu ahenni horow no nyinaa ama asã, na ɛno de, ebegyina daa.”
Yiw, Onyankopɔn Ahenni—ne soro nniso a Kristo Yesu bɛyɛ so hene—no, bɛsɛe nnipa atirimɔden nniso nyinaa wɔ Harmagedon, nea ɛde ‘ahohiahia kɛse’ a yɛaka ho asɛm dedaw, no bɛba awiei no. Ɛno akyi no, “wɔrennyaw n’ahenni mma ɔman foforo bi,” kyerɛ sɛ wɔrentu ngu anaasɛ emfi hɔ. Ebedi ‘asase nyinaa’ so tumi.—Dwom 72:8.
Awiei koraa no, atorosom nkɛntɛnso bɔne, atirimɔden nniso, ne aguadifo adifudepɛfo nyinaa befi hɔ. Dwom 72:7 hyɛ bɔ sɛ: “Ɔtreneeni besi frɔmm, ne bere so, na asomdwoe pii bɛba akodu sɛ ɔsram nni hɔ bio.” Obiara renna pɛsɛmenkominya ne ahantan adi na mmom wɔbɛda Onyankopɔn su titiriw a ɛne ɔdɔ no adi wɔ asase nyinaa so. (1 Yohane 4:8) Yesu kae sɛ: ‘Yɛnnodɔ yɛn ho.’ Abakɔsɛm kyerɛwfo Will Durant kaa su a ɛte saa ho asɛm sɛ: “Nea minim sɛ ɛho hia kɛse wɔ nnipa asetram ne nea Yesu kae no ara. . . . Ɔdɔ ne ade a ɛho hia kɛse wɔ wiase.”
Ɔdɔ a Onyankopɔn wɔ ma nnipa no na ɛkaa no ma ɔde ne honhom kyerɛɛ Bible no kyerɛw kwan. Ɛno nkutoo na ɛma esii tetefo no yiye, na ɛbɛma asi yɛn yiye ɛnnɛ ne daakye. Yɛsrɛ sɛ fa bere a ɛsɛ sua Bible no na ama woahu emu nsɛm a ɛma nkwa no. Nea ɛbɛyɛ na Yehowa Adansefo atumi ayɛ saa na wɔatumi adi Yesu ahyɛde no so nti, wɔka “ahenni ho asɛmpa yi” kyerɛ wɔn afipamfo. Ɛnkyɛ biara saa asɛmpa yi renyɛ nkɔmhyɛ kɛkɛ. Ɛbɛyɛ nokware abakɔsɛm.—Mateo 24:14.
[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 9]
“Bible no yɛ nokware turodoo!”—WERNER KELLER
[Asɛm a wɔafa aka wɔ kratafa 11]
“Abrabɔ ne honhom fam akwankyerɛ pa . . . a ɛwɔ Bible mu no yɛ nea mfaso wɔ so nnɛ sɛnea na ɛte mfe mpem abien anaa abiɛsa a atwam no ara pɛ.”—WILLIAM ALBRIGHT A OTUTU FAM HWEHWƐ TETEFO NNEƐMA MU
[Mfonini wɔ kratafa 9]
Moabite Stone: Contains King Mesha’s version of the conflict between Moab and Israel (2 Kings 3:4-27), the names of various Bible places, and God’s name in ancient Hebrew letters.
[Asɛm Fibea]
Musée du Louvre, Paris.
Silver denarius coin: Replica bears image and inscription of Tiberius Caesar (Mark 12:15-17).
Nabonidus Chronicle: A cuneiform tablet that confirms the sudden fall of Babylon to Cyrus. (Daniel, chapter 5)
[Asɛm Fibea]
Photograph taken by courtesy of the British Museum.
Stone slab: Bears name of Pontius Pilate in Latin.
[Asɛm Fibea]
Photograph © Israel Museum, Jerusalem; courtesy of Israel Antiquities Authority.
Background of Dead Sea Scroll: A study of the Isaiah text proved that this book had remained practically unchanged over a period of 1,000 years of hand copying.
[Asɛm Fibea]
Shrine of the Book, Israel Museum, Jerusalem.
[Mfonini ahorow wɔ kratafa 10]
Titus Nkaedum a ɛwɔ Roma so nsɛm no si so dua pefee sɛ wɔsɛee Yerusalem wɔ 70 Y.B. mu
[Asɛm Fibea]
Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma