Ummadla Wendalo Omangalisayo
‘Kukho Into Engaziwayo’—Yintoni?
EMVA kokondela iinkwenkwezi kubusuku obungenamafu, obumnyama tsiki, singena endlwini sigodola yaye siqhwanyaza, iingqondo zethu zijikajikana nobuhle esibubonileyo nemibuzo emininzi. Kutheni kukho ummandla wendalo apha? Wawuvela phi? Usingise phi? Le yimibuzo abaninzi abazama ukuyiphendula.
Emva kweminyaka emihlanu yophando kwinzululwazi yommandla wendalo, olwenza uDennis Overbye ongumbhali ngezenzululwazi waya kwiinkomfa zezenzululwazi namaziko ophando ehlabathini lonke, wachaza incoko yakhe nesazinzulu ngemichiza esidumileyo ehlabathini uStephen Hawking wathi: “Okokugqibela into endifuna ukuyazi kulo kaHawking yinto ebendisoloko ndifuna ukuyazi kulo kaHawking: Yindawo esiya kuyo xa sisifa.”
Nangona eyimpoxo, la mazwi atyhila okuthile ngexesha esiphila kulo. Ingxaki asizonkwenkwezi nokungqubana kweembono zezazinzulu ngendalo ezenza uhlolisiso. Abantu namhlanje basalambele iimpendulo zemibuzo esisiseko ebisoloko isezingqondweni zoluntu amawaka eminyaka: Kutheni silapha? Ngaba uThixo ukho? Siyaphi xa sisifa? Zifumaneka phi iimpendulo zale mibuzo? Ngaba zinokufumaneka ezinkwenkwezini?
Omnye umbhali ngezenzululwazi, uJohn Boslough, wathi njengoko abantu beye balufulathela unqulo, izazinzulu ezinjengezo zommandla wendalo ziye zaba “ngabefundisi besizukulwana sanamhlanje. Sithetha nje, zona kungekhona iinkokeli zonqulo, ngokuthe ngcembe zinokutyhila zonke iimfihlelo ngommandla wendalo, kungekhona ngendlela yokomoya kodwa ngendlela efihlakeleyo kubo bonke kodwa eyaziwa ngaba bathanjiswa kuphela.” Kodwa ngaba zinokutyhila zonke iimfihlelo zommandla wendalo zize ziphendule yonke imibuzo ebisoloko ikhathaza abantu ixesha elide?
Zityhila ntoni izanzinzulu ngommandla wendalo ngoku? Ezininzi zixhasa ingxelo “yezakwalizwi” yengcamango yogqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu, eye yaba lunqulo lwexesha esiphila kulo, nangona zisoloko ziphikisana ngeenkcukacha zayo. OkaBoslough wathi: “Kanti, ngokohlolisiso olutsha noluphikisanayo, ingcamango yogqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu iya ibonakala isiba yingcamango elula ngakumbi yokuphanda iziganeko zendalo. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yee-1990 ingcamango yogqabhuko-dubulo olukhulu . . . yaye ayakwazi ngokwandayo ukuphendula le mibuzo ibalulekileyo.” Walek’ umsundulo wathi “iqela labo bakholelwa kule ngcamango liye lavakalisa uluvo lokuba ayinakuhlala ikho ukutyhubel’ iminyaka yee-1990.”
Mhlawumbi olunye uqikelelo lwezazinzulu ngommandla wendalo luya kuba loluchanileyo, mhlawumbi kungabi njalo—kanye njengokuba kusenokuba ngokwenene kukho iminyele edibana kwinebula yeOrion emfiliba, kusenokuba akunjalo. Inyaniso emsulwa yeyokuba akukho namnye kulo mhlaba onolwazi oluqinisekileyo. Zininzi iingcamango, kodwa abakhi-mkhanya abanyanisekileyo baphinda amazwi obulumko kaMargaret Geller athi nangona kumnandi ukuthetha, kubonakala ukuba kukho into ethile esisiseko engaziwayo zizazinzulu kulwazi ezinalo ngommandla wendalo.
Azikwazi Ukwamkela Iinyaniso Ezingena Kabuhlungu
Izazinzulu ezininzi—yaye oku kuquka nezazinzulu ngommandla wendalo ezininzi—zixhasa ingcamango yendaleko. Aziyamkeli into yokuba kwakufuneka ubukrelekrele nenjongo kwindalo, yaye azifuni nokuva ngento yokukhankanywa kukaThixo njengoMdali. Azifuni nokucinga ngengcamango enjalo. INdumiso 10:4 ithetha ngendlela ephoxayo ngomntu onekratshi “akasayi kubuza, yonke iminkqangiyelo yakhe ithi, akukho Thixo.” Uthixo wakhe owadalayo Ngamabonandenzile. Kodwa njengoko ulwazi lusanda namabonandenzile ephelelwa ngenxa yobungqina obandayo, isazinzulu siqalisa ukuphethukela ngakumbi kwinto engamkelwayo enjengobukrelekrele nokuyila. Khawuqwalasele le mizekelo ilandelayo:
Isazi ngenzululwazi yokwakheka kweenkwenkwezi uFred Hoyle kwincwadi yaso ethi The Intelligent Universe, kwiphepha 189, sabhala: “Kuyabonakala ukuba kukho into engaziwayo kuhlolisiso lwenzululwazi yommandla wendalo. Ukuvela koMmandla Wendalo, kufana nokulungelelanisa ikyubhu kaRubik, ukuvela kommandla wendalo kufuna ubukrelekrele.”
“Okukhona ndihlolisisa ummandla wendalo ngakumbi ndize ndifundisise ngeenkcukacha ezingokwakhiwa kwawo, kokukhona ndifumana ubungqina obungakumbi bokuba ngengqiqo ethile ummandla wendalo umele ukuba wawusazi ukuba siyeza.”—Disturbing the Universe, nguFreeman Dyson, iphepha 250.
“Ziziphi iimpawu zoMmandla Wendalo ezazifuneka ukuze kuvele izidalwa ezinjengathi, yaye ngaba zabakho ngamabonandenzile, okanye kukho izizathu ezinzulu zokuba uMmandla wethu Wendalo ube unezi mpawu? . . . Ngaba kukho into eqinisekisa ukuba uMmandla Wendalo wenzelwa uluntu?”—Cosmic Coincidences, nguJohn Gribbin noMartin Rees, iphepha xiv, 4.
Kwakhona uFred Hoyle uyagqabaza ngezi mpawu, kwiphepha 220 lencwadi yakhe ecatshulwe ngasentla uthi: “Izinto ezinjalo zibonakala zinegalelo kwindlela elakhiwe ngayo ihlabathi lemvelo elingathi lavela ngamabonandenzile. Kodwa zininzi gqitha ezi ziganeko zamabonandenzile angaqhelekanga neziyingenelo ebomini ngokokude kubonakale kufuneka zikhe zicaciswe.”
“Asingomntu kuphela olungele ummandla wendalo. Nommandla wendalo ulungele umntu. Ucinga ukuba ubunokuba njani lo mmandla wendalo ukuba bekunokuguqulwa enye yezinto zawo zemveli ezisisigxina ngeepesenti ezimbalwa? Umntu ebengenakuphila kwisijikelezi-langa esinjalo. Leyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kumgaqo wokuvela komntu. Ngokwalo mgaqo, ubomi ngunobangela ophambili wokubunjwa nokuyilwa kwehlabathi lonke.”—The Anthropic Cosmological Principle, nguJohn Barrow noFrank Tipler, iphepha vii.
UThixo, Ukuyila Nezinto Zemveli Ezisisigxina
Ziziphi ezinye zezi zinto zisisiseko zemveli ezisisigxina ezifunekayo ukuze kubekho ubomi kummandla wendalo? Ingxelo ekwiThe Orange County Register kaJanuwari 8, 1995, yadwelisa ezinye izinto ezisisigxina ezimbalwa. Yabethelela indlela ezimele ukuba zisebenzisana kakuhle ngayo ezi mpawu, isithi: “Iimpawu ezininzi zezinto ezisisiseko zemveli ezisisigxina ezichaza indalo—ngokomzekelo, umlinganiselo wamandla ombane, okanye isantya sokukhanya esimiselweyo, okanye umlinganiselo wamandla asisiseko kwimvelo—aziguquguquki ngendlela emangalisayo, ezinye zikwindawo ye-120 emva kwedecimal places. Ukuhambela phambili kommandla wendalo obangela kubekho ubomi kunochuku kakhulu kwezi nkcukacha. Naluphi na utshintsho oluncinane—njengotshintsho olungaphantsi komzuzwana apha, ngaphantsi kwemitha phaya—ummandla wendalo ngewufile yaye uyinkqantosi.”
Umbhali wale ngxelo wandula wakhankanya into ngokuqhelekileyo engakhankanywayo: “Kubonakala kusengqiqweni ngakumbi ukucinga ukuba kukho umntu ongaziwayo owayebandakanyekile kule nkqubo, kulo msebenzi wobukrelekrele nonenjongo owalungisa ummandla wendalo elungiselela ukufika kwethu.”
UGeorge Greenstein, unjingalwazi wenzululwazi ngeenkwenkwezi nommandla wendalo, wanikela uludwe olude lwezi zinto zemveli zisisigxina kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Symbiotic Universe. Kwezo zazidwelisiwe kwakukho izinto ezisisigxina ezilungelelaniswe kakuhle kangangokuba ukuba bezinokuphazanyiswa nje kancinane, kwakungayi kubakho ziathom, zinkwenkwezi, mmandla wendalo. Iinkcukacha zolu lwalamano zidweliswe kwibhokisi ekweli nqaku. Zimele zibekho ukuze kubekho ubomi. Zintsonkothile yaye zisenokungaqondwa ngabo bonke abafundi, kodwa ziyaziwa zizazinzulu ngemichiza nokwakheka kweenkwenkwezi eziqeqeshiweyo kulo mbandela nangabanye abantu abaninzi.
Njengoko olu ludwe lwalusanda, lo kaGreenstein wachukumiseka. Wathi: “Izinto ezininzi kangaka ezidibanayo! Okukhona ndifunda, kokukhona ndiya ndiseyiseka kukuba oko kudibana ‘kweziganeko’ akunakuba kwenzeka ngamabonandenzile. Kodwa njengoko ndisiya ndiseyiseka, kukwakho nenye into ekhulayo. Nangoku kusenzima ukuyichaza ngamazwi le ‘nto.’ Yayindikhathaza ngokwenene, yaye maxa wambi ndandiphantse ndiyive nasemzimbeni wam. Ndandiye ndipenapene ngeyona ndlela kukungakhululeki. . . . Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ngequbuliso, singaqondanga, siye safumana ubungqina bezenzululwazi bokuba kukho uMntu Owongamileyo? Ngaba nguThixo owangenelelayo waza ngethamsanqa wavelisa ummandla wendalo ukuze kungenelwe thina?”
Elugcwabevu ngumsindo yile ngcamango, lo kaGreenstein ngokukhawuleza warhoxa koku, waza wabuyela kwingcamango yonqulo lwenzululwazi, waza wathi: “UThixo akangeni ndawo.” Kwakungekho sizathu—nto nje yayingathandeki gqitha le ngcamango kangangokuba kwakumcaphukisa ukucinga ngayo!
Imfuno Yomntu Yemvelo
Akukho nanye kwezi zinto ekukujongela phantsi umsebenzi onzima wezazinzulu, kuquka nezazinzulu ngommandla wendalo. Ngokukhethekileyo amaNgqina kaYehova ayazixabisa izinto ezininzi ezizifumeneyo eziphathelele ummandla wendalo nto ezo ezityhila amandla nobulumko nothando loThixo oyinyaniso, uYehova. AmaRoma 1:20 athi: “Iindawo zakhe ezibe zingenakubonwa zibonwa kakuhle, ziqondeke, ngezinto ezenziweyo, kwa-amandla akhe angunaphakade, nobuThixo bakhe, ukuze bangabi nakuziphendulela.”
Uphando nemigudu yezazinzulu ibangelwa yimfuno yomntu yokwemvelo efanayo nokufuna ukutya, ikhusi nempahla. Leyo yimfuno yokwazi iimpendulo kwimibuzo ethile ephathelele ikamva nenjongo yobomi. UThixo “ufake ubunaphakade ezintliziyweni zabantu; kanti abanakuyiqonda into eyenziwe nguThixo ekuqaleni ukusa ekugqibeleni.”—INtshumayeli 3:11, The Holy Bible—New International Version.
Ezi asizondaba zimbi kangako. Kuthetha ukuba uluntu alunakuze lwazi zonke izinto, kodwa akunakuze kwenzeke lungabi nanto intsha lunokuyifunda: “Ndasibona ke sonke isenzo sikaThixo, ukuba akanako umntu ukusifumana isenzo eso senzekayo phantsi kwelanga; nakubeni umntu esaphuka ukusifuna, akasifumani. Nokuba sithe isilumko safuna ukwazi, asinakufumana.”—INtshumayeli 8:17.
Zimbi izazinzulu ziyikhaba ngawo omane into yokuba ukwenza uThixo “isicombululo” kwingxaki kuyawubulala umdla wokufuna ukwenza uphando ngokubhekele phaya. Noko ke, umntu omgqalayo uThixo njengoMdali wamazulu nomhlaba unentabalala yeenkcukacha ezingakumbi neemfihlelo ezibangel’ umdla anokuzihlolisisa. Ngokungathi unelungelo lokuhambela phambili kwiphulo elonwabisayo lokufumana izinto nelokufunda!
Ngubani onokungasamkeli isimemo esikuIsaya 40:26? “Phakamiselani amehlo enu phezulu, nibone.” Siye sawaphakamisela phezulu amehlo ethu kula maphepha ambalwa, yaye esiye sakubona ‘yinto ethile engaziwayo’ zizazinzulu ngommandla wendalo. Kwakhona siye safumana iimpendulo ezisisiseko kuloo mibuzo ibisoloko iphek’ isophula iingqondo zabantu ukutyhubel’ iminyaka.
Iimpendulo Zifumaneka Encwadini Ethile
Bezisoloko zikho iimpendulo, kodwa njengabantu bonqulo bomhla kaYesu, abantu abaninzi baye bawamfamekisa amehlo abo, bazivala iindlebe zabo, baze bazenza lukhuni iintliziyo zabo kwimpendulo ezingavisisaniyo neengcamango zabo zabantu okanye indlela yabo yokuphila abayikhethileyo. (Mateyu 13:14, 15) UYehova usixelele indawo owavela kuyo ummandla wendalo, indlela owabakho ngayo umhlaba yaye nabo baya kuhlala kuwo. Uye wasixelela ukuba abemi bomhlaba abangabantu bamele bawulime baze banyamekele izityalo nezilwanyana ngothando nto ezo babelana nazo ngawo. Kwakhona uye wasixelela okwenzekayo xa abantu besifa, ukuba banokuphinda babuyele ebomini, kunye noko bamele bakwenze ukuze baphile emhlabeni ngonaphakade.
Ukuba unomdla wokufumana iimpendulo ngolwimi lweLizwi likaThixo eliphefumlelweyo, iBhayibhile, nceda ufunde izibhalo ezilandelayo: Genesis 1:1, 26-28; 2:15; IMizekeliso 12:10; Mateyu 10:29; Isaya 11:6-9; 45:18; Genesis 3:19; INdumiso 146:4; INtshumayeli 9:5; IZenzo 24:15; Yohane 5:28, 29; 17:3; INdumiso 37:10, 11; ISityhilelo 21:3-5.
Kutheni ungafundi ezi zibhalo nentsapho yakho okanye nommelwane okanye neqela labahlobo ekhayeni lakho ngenye ingokuhlwa nje? Qiniseka ukuba iya kuba yingxubusho efundisayo nehlaziyayo!
Ngaba unomdla kwiimfihlelo zommandla wendalo waza wachukunyiswa bubuhle bawo? Kutheni ungafuni ukumazi bhetele Lowo wawudalayo? Ukufuna kwethu ulwazi nokumangaliswa kwethu akuthethi nto kumazulu angenabomi, kodwa uYehova uThixo, uMdali wawo, ukwanguMdali wethu, yaye uyabanyamekela abo bathobekileyo abanomdla wokufunda ngaye nendalo yakhe. Sithetha nje kunikelwa isimemo emhlabeni wonke: “Yiza. Lowo uvayo makathi, Yiza. Lowo unxaniweyo makeze; lowo uthandayo, makawathabathe amanzi obomi ngesisa.”—ISityhilelo 22:17.
Esinjani sona isimemo ukubangel’ imincili esivela kuYehova! Kunokuba ubekho ngogqabhuko-dubulo olungekho ngqiqweni, olungenanjongo, ummandla wendalo wadalwa nguThixo onobukrelekrele obungenasiphelo onenjongo eqinisekileyo owayecinga ngawe kwasekuqaleni. Amandla akhe angasikelwanga mda alawulwa ngobuchule yaye asoloko ekho ukuze axhase abakhonzi bakhe. (Isaya 40:28-31) Umvuzo wakho wokumazi awuyi kuphela njengommandla wendalo ozukileyo ngokwawo!
“Izulu libalisa uzuko lukaThixo; saye isibhakabhaka sixela umsebenzi wezandla zakhe.”—INdumiso 19:1.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 29]
Inxalenye Yoludwe Lwezinto Zemvelo Ezisisigxina Ezifunekayo Ukuze Kubekho Ubomi
Umlinganiselo wamandla ombane ayielectron neproton umele ulingane uze ungafani; ineutron imele iyodlule iproton ngomlinganiselo omncinane ekhulwini; iqondo lobushushu lelanga limele lilingane neempawu zeklorofili zokufunxa ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke iphotosynthesis; ukuba amandla amakhulu ebebuthathaka, ilanga belingenakwenza amandla ngezinto ezenzeka kwinyukliya, kodwa ukuba ebenamandla, amafutha afunekayo ukwenza amandla ebeya kuguquguquka kakhulu; ngaphandle kwezihlandlo ezibini eziphawulekayo ezahlukeneyo zokukhuliswa kweemolekyuli phakathi kwenuclei embindini weenkwenkwezi ezinkulu ezibomvu, akukho nto ibinokwakheka ngaphaya kwehelium; ukuba ummandla osemajukujukwini ubungaphantsi kwamacala amathathu, ubuxhakaxhaka bokutyhutyha kwegazi nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo bebungenakubakho; yaye ukuba ummandla osemajukujukwini ubungaphezu kwamacala amathathu, izijikelezi-langa bezingenakuwujikeleza ngokuqhubekayo umhlaba.—The Symbiotic Universe, iphepa 256-7.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 30]
Ngaba Ukho Na Ofumanise Into Esingayaziyo?
Umnyele iAndromeda, njengayo yonke iminyele ejikelezayo, ujikeleza ngesantya esiphakamileyo emajukujukwini ngokungathi yinkanyamba enkulu. Izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zinokusibala isantya sokujikeleza kweminyele emininzi ngokusuka ekukhanyeni, yaye xa zisenjenjalo, zifumana into edidayo. Isantya ejikeleza ngaso sibonakala njengento engenakwenzeka! Yonke iminyele ejikelezayo ibonakala ijikeleza ngesantya esiphakame gqitha. Kubangathi iinkwenkwezi ezibonakalayo zomnyele zivalelwe kwisangqa esikhulu esimnyama, esingabonakaliyo kwisibonakude. Isazi ngeenkwenkwezi uJames Kaler siyavuma: “Asizazi izinto ezikwesi sangqa simnyama.” Izazinzulu ngommandla wendalo ziqikelela ukuba ama-90 ekhulwini ale nto ilahlekileyo awachazeki. Zingxamele ukuyifumana, enoba zikwimo yeeneutrino ezinkulu okanye uhlobo lwento enkulu gqitha engaziwayo.
Ukuba ufumana le nto ingaziwayo, qiniseka ukuba wazisa isazinzulu ngommandla wendalo sendawo ohlala kuyo ngoko nangoko!