Ubomi Bokuzibhubhisa—Liphakame Kangakanani Ixabiso Labo?

IQHALO laseDenmark lithi: “Ukugula yinkosi yomntu wonke.” Wonke umntu oye walixhoba lokugula okungaginyisi mathe uya kuvuma ukuba le “nkosi” ikhohlakele ngokwenene! Kodwa, kusenokukumangalisa ukwazi ukuba ukugula kusoloko kufana nondwendwe olumenyiweyo kunokuba kube yinkosi. I-U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ithi ama-30 ekhulwini eentsuku ezichithwa ngabaguli esibhedlele zibangelwa zizifo nokwenzakala abebenokukuphepha. Kubangelwa yintoni oko? Bubomi bokuzibhubhisa nobuyingozi. Khawuqwalasele eminye imizekelo.

UKUTSHAYA. UIra, oneminyaka engama-53 ubudala, unesifo ekuthiwa yiemphysema—sifo eso esibangelwe kukutshaya kwakhe iminyaka ephantse ibe ngamashumi amane. Ukuze kunyangwe esi sigulo sakhe, kufuneka asoloko efumana ioksijeni esebhotileni, exabisa malunga nee-R1870 ngenyanga. Ngowe-1994 ukulala kwakhe esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezisithoba ngenxa yokugula kwakhe kwaxabisa ii-R84-000, kubangela ukuba iindleko zokunyanyekelwa kwempilo kaIra ngaloo nyaka zithi kratya kwii-R93 500. Nangoku, uIra akakakuboni kungxamisekile ukuba ayeke ukutshaya. Uthi: “Ndinqanqatheka ngeyona ndlela.”

AsingoIra yedwa okule meko. Phezu kwazo nje iingozi ezaziwayo zokutshaya, abantu ehlabathini lonke balumeka imidiza eli-15 lamawaka ezigidi suku ngalunye. EUnited States, iindleko zokunyamekela impilo ngonyaka zokugula okunxulumene nokutshaya ziqikelelwa kwii-$50 zamawaka ezigidi (ii-R234 zamawaka ezigidi). Oku kuthetha ukuba ngowe-1993, ngokomlinganiselo, ngepakethe nganye yemidiza ethengiweyo, mhlawumbi ii-$2,06 (ii-R9,62) zasetyenziswa kwiindleko zonyango olunxulumene nokutshaya.

Xa kuzalwa umntwana, iindleko zonyango olunxulumene nokutshaya zinokwanda. Ukucaphula nje umzekelo omnye, kuhlolisiso olwenziwa eUnited States kwafunyaniswa ukuba iintsana ezizalwe ngoomama abatshayayo zisengozini ngokuphindwe kabini yokuba nemilebe okanye iinkalakahla ezicandekileyo, sigulo eso esisenokufuna ukuba athi efikelela kwiminyaka emibini abe sele etyandwe kane. Umlinganiselo weendleko zonyango lobomi bonke nezinye iindleko ezibandakanyekileyo kwesi sigulo zii-$100 000 (ii-R467 000) ngomntu ngamnye. Kambe ke, alinakuthelekiswa nemali ixabiso lomvandedwa obangelwa kukuzala umntwana onesiphene.

Bambi bathi imali eninzi etsalwa ecubeni ukuze kunyanyekelwe impilo ithotywa sisibakala sokuba iintshayi ezininzi aziphili thuba lide ukuba zingafumana imali yoMhlala-phantsi. Noko ke njengokuba iThe New England Journal of Medicine isitsho, “esi sigqibo sibangela imbambano; ngaphezu koko, abaninzi baya kuvuma ukuba ukufa kwabantu ngaphambi kwexesha okubangelwa kukutshaya akuyondlela inobuntu yokwenza imali yokunyamekela impilo.”

UKUSEBENZISA KAKUBI UTYWALA. Ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala kuye kwanxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezininzi zempilo, eziquka ukuqina kwesibindi, isifo sentliziyo, ukukrala kwesisu, izilonda ezingaphakathi nesifo samadlala esisu (pancreatitis). Kwakhona kunokwenza ubani abe sesichengeni ngakumbi sezifo ezasulelayo njengenyumoniya. Ngokutsho kukaGqr. Stanton Peele, eUnited States, nyaka ngamnye “ii-$10 lamawaka ezigidi [ii-R46 700 zezigidi] zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga abantu abangakwaziyo ukulawula indlela ababusebenzisa ngayo utywala.”

Utywala busoloko buchaphazela imveku esesibelekweni. Nyaka ngamnye amashumi amawaka abantwana eUnited States kuphela azalwa eneziphene ngenxa yokuba oonina babesela ngoxa bekhulelwe. Bambi baba bantwana bafunyaniswe benesifo esibulalayo esibangelwa butywala (FAS [fetal alcohol syndrome]), ibe ngokufuthi aba baba neziphene emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Umlinganiselo weendleko zonyango zobomi bonke zomntwana ngamnye oneFAS ziqikelelwa kwii-$1,4 ezigidi (ii-R6,5 ezigidi).

Ekubeni utywala bubangela ubani angakwazi ukulawula iimvakalelo, ukusela ngokugqith’ emgceni kusoloko kunendima kwizenzo zogonyamelo, ezinokubangela ukwenzakala okufuna uncedo lwezonyango. Kwakhona kukho ingozi enkulu ebangelwa ngabo baqhuba iinqwelo-mafutha ngoxa benxilile. Khawucinge ngoko kwenzeka kuLindsey, intombazana eneminyaka esibhozo ubudala, eyapoqayo kwisitulo esingasemva senqwelo-mafutha kanina emva kokungquzulana kwabo nomqhubi onxilileyo. ULindsey wahlala iiveki ezisixhenxe esibhedlele ibe kwafuneka atyandwe izihlandlo eziliqela. Iindleko zokunyangwa kwakhe zathi kratya kwii-R1401000. Unethamsanqa lokuba abe usaphila.

UKUSETYENZISWA KAKUBI KWEZIYOBISI. Omnye umphengululi uqikelela ukuba iindleko zonyaka zokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi eMerika zizii-$67 zamawaka ezigidi (ii-R313 zamawaka ezigidi). UJoseph A. Califano, Omnci., umongameli weCenter on Addiction and Substance Abuse kwiColumbia University, eNew York, uchaza enye inkalo edla imali kule ngxaki: “Iintsana ezizalwe ngoomama abasebenzisa i-crack, ezazinqabile kwishumi leminyaka eyadlulayo, ziwazalisa athi ntli amagumbi eentsana axabisa ii-$2000 ngosuku [ii-R9340 ngosuku]. . . . Kunokuxabisa isigidi esi-$1 [ii-R4,67 zezigidi] ukukhulisa usana ngalunye oluye lwasinda lufikelele kubuntu obukhulu.” UCalifano uthi, ukongezelela “ukusilela koomama abakhulelweyo ukufuna ukunyanyekelwa ngaphambi kokubeleka nokungayeki ukusebenzisa kakubi iziyobisi kwabangela iNgxowa-mali kaRhulumente Yokuxhasa Iindleko Zonyango ihlawule phantse ii-$3 zamawaka ezigidi [ii-R14 zamawaka ezigidi] ngowe-1994 ekunyamekeleni abaguli abasesibhedlele ngenxa yokusebenzisa iziyobisi.”

Ububi bale meko buye banda xa siqwalasela imiphumo engathethekiyo eye yabangelwa ngulo mkhwa ebantwini. Iingxabano emtshatweni, abantwana abangakhathalelwayo nokushokoxeka kwemali ziingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela iintsapho ezidlavulwe kukusebenzisa iziyobisi.

UKUZIPHATHA OKUVAKALALA. Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezili-12 eUnited States basulelwa zizifo ezidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini (STDs [sexually transmitted diseases]) nyaka ngamnye, bebangela iUnited States ibe nowona mlinganiselo uphakamileyo weeSTD kunalo naliphi na elinye ilizwe elihambele phambili. UDavid Celentano weJohns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public Health, ukubiza oku ngokuthi “lihlazo leli lizwe.” Ngaphandle koGawulayo, ezi zifo zixabisa malunga nee-$10 zamawaka ezigidi (ii-R46 700 zezigidi) ngonyaka. Abakwishumi elivisayo basengozini ngokukhethekileyo. Ibe oko akumangalisi! Ngokutsho kwenye ingxelo, xa befikelela kwibanga leshumi esikolweni, abangama-70 ekhulwini kubo baba sele beneentlobano zesini ibe abaphantse babe ngama-40 ekhulwini kubo baba sele benamaqabane amane ubuncinane.

UGawulayo uyingozi empilweni. Ebutsheni bowe-1996 olona nyango lusebenzayo nolwalufumaneka—izinto ezithintela ukuhanjiswa kweeprotini egazini ezixutywe namayeza akudala—luxabisa malunga nee-R56 000 nee-R84 000 ngonyaka ngomntu ngamnye. Kodwa eli liqhezu nje leendleko ezingekaveli zikaGawulayo, eziquka ukuyeka ukuba nemveliso kwexhoba nabo bathabatha ixesha lekhefu emsebenzini okanye esikolweni ukuze balinyamekele. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngonyaka wama-2000, iHIV noGawulayo ziya kuba sele zitsale imali ephakathi kwee-R1,66 zamawaka ezigidi nee-R2,4 zamawaka ezigidi ehlabathini lonke—nto leyo efana nqwa nokutshayela lonke uqoqosho lwaseOstreliya okanye eIndiya.

UGONYAMELO. Xa wayengugqirha wesizwe kwelaseUnited States, uJoycelyn Elders wanikela ingxelo yokuba iindleko zonyango ezibangelwa lugonyamelo zazizii-$13 500 zezigidi (ii-R63 zamawaka ezigidi) ngowe-1992. UMongameli Bill Clinton waseUnited States wathi: “Esinye sezizathu ezibangela ukuba ukunyanyekelwa kwempilo eMerika kubize imali eninzi kukuba izibhedlele zethu namagumbi ethu onyango longxamiseko azele ngabantu abahlatyiweyo nabadutyulweyo.” Kungeso sizathu iThe Journal of the American Medical Association ilubiza ugonyamelo eUnited States ngokuthi “lungxamiseko olungokwempilo lomntu wonke.” Le ngxelo ihlabela mgama isithi: “Nangona ugonyamelo lungesosifo ‘eneneni,’ luyingozi kwimpilo yomntu ngamnye nakumntu wonke kanye ngendlela efanayo noninzi lwezigulo zomzimba—mhlawumbi nangaphezulu.”

Ingxelo eyanikelwa zizibhedlele zaseColorado ezingama-40 ithi umlinganiselo weendleko zexhoba ngalinye logonyamelo ebudeni beenyanga zokuqala ezisithoba zowe-1993 wawuzii-$9600 (ii-R44 850). Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabo babelaliswe esibhedlele babengekho phantsi kweinshorensi yempilo, ibe uninzi lwaba lwalungakwazi okanye lungakulungelanga ukuhlawula iindleko zalo. Iimeko ezinjalo zikhokelela ekunyukeni kweerhafu, ekunyukeni kwemali ehlawulwa kwi-inshorensi nasekunyukeni kwemali ehlawulwa esibhedlele. IColorado Hospital Association inikela le ngxelo: “Sonke siyahlawula.”

Ukutshintsha Ubomi

Ngokwembono yabantu, ithemba lokutshintsha ihambo yobomi bokuzibhubhisa limfiliba. Ingxelo eyanikelwa yiYunivesithi yaseColumbia ithi: “IMerika asingoMyezo wase-Eden ibe asinakuze sahlukane nokusebenzisa kakubi izinto. Kodwa ngokomlinganiselo esikuthintela ngawo ukusebenzisa kakubi izinto, siya kufumana imiphumo emihle kakhulu ngokuba neentsana ezisempilweni, ukuncipha kogonyamelo nolwaphulo-mthetho, ukuhla kwerhafu, ukuhla kweendleko zokunyamekela impilo, ukunyuka kwengeniso, abafundi abanemfundo esemgangathweni nabantu abambalwa abanoGawulayo.”

AmaNgqina kaYehova aye afumanisa ukuba iBhayibhile inokuba luncedo kakhulu ekufikeleleni olo sukelo. IBhayibhile asiyoncwadi nje efana nezinye. Iphefumlelwe nguMdali womntu, uYehova uThixo. (2 Timoti 3:16, 17) ‘Ungokufundisa okungakuncedayo, akunyathelise ngendlela oya kuhamba ngayo.’ (Isaya 48:17) Imigaqo ebhalwe eBhayibhileni iluncedo, ibe abo bahamba ngokomyalelo wayo bafumana iingenelo ezininzi.

Ngokomzekelo, uEsther wakha wayingedle yecuba.a Emva kokuba eqalise ukufundisisa iBhayibhile namaNgqina kaYehova, lowo wayefunda iBhayibhile kunye naye wammema ukuba bachithe usuku bekhenketha kwikomkhulu lehlabathi lamaNgqina kaYehova, eBrooklyn, eNew York. Ekuqaleni, uEsther wayemathidala. Esazi ukuba amaNgqina kaYehova akatshayi, wayezibuza enoba wayeya kukwazi ukuba kunye nawo imini yonke. Ngoko uEsther wafaka umdiza wamnye kwisipaji sakhe, ecinga ukuba xa enqanqatheka, wayeza kungena kwindlu yangasese. Kanye njengoko wayesele ezilungiselele, emva kolunye ukhenketho uEsther waya kwindlu yangasese yamabhinqa waza wathi rhuthu umdiza wakhe. Kodwa waphawula okuthile. Le ndlu yayibeth’ umoya, yaye umoya wayo wawucocekile. UEsther ukhumbula oku: “Ndandingenakungcolisa le ndawo ngokutshaya umdiza, ngoko ndawugungxulela. Ibe lowo yayingumdiza wokugqibela kwendakha ndayibamba!”

Ehlabathini lonke, izigidi ezifana noEsther zifunda ukuphila ngokuvisisana nemigaqo yeBhayibhile. Ziyangenelwa, ibe ziba yingenelo gqitha kwibutho labantu ezihlala phakathi kwalo. Okona kubalulekileyo kukuba, zizisa imbeko kuMdali wazo, uYehova uThixo.—Thelekisa IMizekeliso 27:11.

Nangona eyona migudu yenziwe ngumntu ingenakuzisa ‘uMyezo wase-Eden,’ iBhayibhile ithi uThixo uya kwenjenjalo. Eyesibini kaPetros 3:13 ithi: “Kukho amazulu amatsha nomhlaba omtsha esiwulindeleyo ngokwesithembiso sakhe [uThixo], yaye kwezi kuza kuhlala ubulungisa.” (Thelekisa uIsaya 51:3.) Kwelo hlabathi litsha, ukunyanyekelwa kwempilo akusayi kuba yeyona nto iphambili, kuba uluntu luya kunandipha impilo efezekileyo—ndlela leyo uThixo awayecebe ngayo kwangaphambili. (Isaya 33:24) Ngaba ungathanda ukufunda okungakumbi ngamadinga kaThixo? AmaNgqina kaYehova aya kukuvuyela ukukunceda.

[Umbhalo osemazantsi]

[Inkcazelo Ngomfanekiso okwiphepha 28]

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