AmaKristu Nokucalucalulwa Kwabantu Ngokweendidi

NGUMBHALELI KAVUKANI! EINDIYA

YINTONI ethi qatha engqondweni xa usiva ibinzana elithi “inkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi”? Mhlawumbi kuthi qatha i-Indiya nezigidi ezingaphandle ephungulweni—abalahlelwa-phandle. Nangona inkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi iyinxalenye yonqulo lwamaHindu, abahlaziyi bobuHindu baye balwa idabi bezama ukucima imiphumo yayo kubantu abakudidi oluphantsi nabo bangabalahlelwa-phandle. Ngenxa yoku, ubuya kuthini xa usiva into yokuba inkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi yenziwa nakwiinkonzo ezizibanga zingamaKristu?

Imvelaphi Yenkqubo Yokucalucalulwa Kwabantu Ngokweendidi EIndiya

Ukucalucalulana kwabantu ngokwasentlalweni apho abanye baziva bengcotshile kunabanye asiyonto yaseIndiya kuphela. Kuwo onke amazwekazi bekukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zocalucalulo. Into eyenze ukuba inkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu yahluke eIndiya kukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-3000 eyadlulayo ukujongelwa phantsi kwabantu ngenxa yomgangatho abakuwo kwibutho labantu kwangena elunqulweni.

Nangona kungaqinisekwanga ngemvelaphi yenkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi, abanye ababhali bathi yaqala ngexesha lempucuko yamandulo yeNtlambo yeIndus kwiPakistan yanamhlanje. Inzululwazi yokumbiwa kwezinto zakudala ibonisa ukuba abemi bokuqala ababehlala apho kamva boyiswa zizizwe ezazisuka kumntla-ntshona, kwisiganeko ngokuqhelekileyo esibizwa ngokuba “kukufuduka kwama-Aryan.” Kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Discovery of India, uJawaharlal Nehru usibiza esi siganeko “njengomxube wokuqala omkhulu nesiphithanyongo sezithethe,” ekuphume kuwo “iintlanga zamaIndiya nezithethe zamaIndiya.” Noko ke, esi siphithanyongo asizange sibangele ukulingana kweentlanga.

IThe New Encyclopædia Britannica ithi: “NgamaHindu awavelisa iindidi (iijātis, ngokoqobo elithetha ‘iminombo yokuzalwa’) ngokwahlulahlulwa kweendidi ezine, okanye iivarna, nto leyo eyabangelwa kukwendiselana (okwalelwayo kwiincwadi ezinomgaqo-siseko wamaHindu). Iingcali zanamhlanje zidla ngokuqikelela ukuba ukucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi kwavela ekwahlukeni kwezithethe zeentsapho, ukucalucalulana ngokobuzwe, ukwahluka nezikhundla ezikhethekileyo zabantu. Kwakhona abaphengululi abaninzi banamhlanje abaqiniseki enoba inkqubo yevarna yingcamango nje yonqulo ethelekelelwayo ibe baye babethelela ukuba ukwahlulahlulwa ngendlela entsonkothe gqitha kwebutho lamaHindu libe malunga neendidi eziphezulu nezingaphantsi ezingama-3000 kusenokuba kwakukho kwanakumaxesha amandulo.”

Kangangethuba elithile, ukwendiselana kwabantu abakwiindidi ezahlukeneyo kwaqhubeka, ibe nomkhethe owawukhe wakho ngenxa yebala lolusu wawungaseyiyo eyona nto iphambili. Kamva unqulo lwavelisa imigaqo engqongqo elawula ukucalucalulwa kwabantu, ebhalwe kwizibhalo zeVeda noMthetho (okanye uMgaqo-siseko) kaManu, isilumko samaHindu. AmaBrahman ayefundisa ukuba abo bakudidi oluphezulu babezalwa benyulu nto leyo eyayibahlula kwabo bakudidi oluphantsi. KumaSudra, okanye abo bakudidi oluphantsi babethelela inkolelo yokuba, umsebenzi wawo ophantsi usisohlwayo esiwiswe nguThixo ngenxa yezenzo ezibi awazenza xa ayephila ngaphambili nokuba nawaphi na amalinge awenzayo okushenxisa umda owahlula iindidi zabantu kuya kuwenza abalahlelwa-phandle. Ukwendiselana nabantu abakudidi olwahlukileyo, ukutya nabo, ukukha amanzi kwindawo enye nabo nokungena kwitempile enye namaSudra kwakunokumenza umntu okudidi oluphezulu aphulukane nodidi akulo.

Ukucalucalulwa Kwabantu Ngokweendidi Kule Mihla

Emva kokufumana inkululeko ngowe-1947, urhulumente wabantu waseIndiya waqulunqa umgaqo-siseko owenza ukucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi kwaba kukwaphula umthetho. Eqonda ukuba amaHindu akudidi oluphantsi ebenyathelw’ entanyeni kangangeenkulungwane, urhulumente wamisa umthetho owawuvumela iindidi ezaziwayo nezinye izizwe zibe nezikhundla kurhulumente zize zibe negunya kumaziko emfundo.a Igama elisetyenziswayo ukubiza la maqela amaHindu lelithi “Dalit,” gama elo elithetha “ukutyunyuzwa, ukucinezelwa.” Kodwa umxholo wephephandaba lakutshanje wawusithi: “AmaKristu AngamaDalit Afuna Ukubekelwa Amalungelo [imisebenzi nezithuba eziyunivesithi].” Kuye kwenzeka njani oku?

AmaHindu akudidi oluphantsi anikwa amalungelo awongezelelekileyo ngurhulumente ngenxa yokuba aphathwa ngokungekho sikweni nto leyo eyayibangelwa yile nkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi. Ngoko kwathiwa iicawa ezingazange ziyisebenzise le nkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi zingazithembisi kwaukuzithembisa ngala malungelo. Noko ke, amaKristu angamaDalit athi ngenxa yokuba ayekudidi oluphantsi, okanye iinqambi, ekwangamaguquka, acalucalulwa ngendlela efanayo, engacalulwa ngamaHindu kuphela kodwa ‘ngamaKristu akhonza kunye nawo.’ Ngaba oku kuyinyaniso?

Abavangeli BeNgqobhoko Nokucalucalulwa Kwabantu Ngokweendidi

AmaHindu amaninzi aguqulwa ngabavangeli bamaKatolika nabamaProtestanti abangamaPhuthukezi, amaFrentshi nabaseBritani, ngamaxesha olawulo lwamathanga. Abantu beendidi ezahlukeneyo bazibanga bengamaKristu, abanye abashumayeli beshumayeza amaBrahman, abanye beshumayeza iiNqambi. Imfundiso nendlela ababeziphethe ngayo aba bavangeli yaba nawuphi umphumo kwinkolelo eyayisele imile neengcambu yokucalucalulwa kwabantu?

Ethetha ngabantu baseBritani abahlala eIndiya, umbhali uNirad Chaudhuri uthi ezicaweni “ibandla lamaIndiya alihlali nelabantu baseYurophu. Ukuziva wongamile ngokobuhlanga nto leyo olwalusekelwe kuyo ulawulo lweBritani eIndiya akuzange kugqunyelelwe bubuKristu.” Ebonisa isimo sengqondo esifanayo, ngowe-1894 omnye umvangeli enikela ingxelo kwiBoard of Foreign Missions of the United States wathi ukuguqula abantu abakudidi oluphantsi “yayikukuqokelela nje inkunkuma uyifake eCaweni.”

Kucacile ukuba ukuziva kwabavangeli bokuqala beluhlanga olongamileyo nesiphithanyongo sokuxutywa kweengcamango zobuBrahman neemfundiso zecawa zafak’ isandla ngokugqithiseleyo ekusetyenzisweni ngokukhululekileyo kwenkqubo yokucalucalula abantu ngokweendidi eyayisenziwa ngabantu abaninzi abazibanga bengamaKristu eIndiya.

Ukucalucalulwa Kwabantu Ngokweendidi Ezicaweni Namhlanje

Xa wayethetha kwiNkomfa yooBhishophu bamaKatolika eIndiya ngowe-1991, uBhishophu Omkhulu wamaKatolika uGeorge Zur wathi: “Amaguquka eendidi ezaziwayo akaphathwa njengabantu abakudidi oluphantsi ngamaHindu akudidi oluphezulu kuphela kodwa kwanangamaKristu akudidi oluphezulu. . . . Abekelwa iindawo ezikhethekileyo ezicaweni nasemangcwabeni. Iba linyala into yokwendiselana kwabantu abakwiindidi ezahlukeneyo . . . Ukucalucalula abantu ngokweendidi kusisonka semihla ngemihla kubefundisi.”

UBhishophu M. Azariah, weChurch of South India, eyiCawa Emanyeneyo yamaProtestanti, wathi kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Un-Christian Side of the Indian Church: “AmaKristu Akwiindidi Ezaziwayo (angamaDalit) acalucalulwa aze acinezelwe ngamaKristu akhonza kunye nawo kwiicawa ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kwesizathu kodwa ngenxa nje yodidi azalelwe kulo, enoba ngamaKristu esizukulwana sesibini, sesithathu okanye sesine. AmaKristu akudidi oluphezulu ambalwa eziCaweni ayaqhubeka nekhethe lawo kude kudlule izizukulwana, engancedwa ziinkolelo nezenzo zamaKristu.”

Kuphando olwenziwa ngurhulumente ngeengxaki ezijamelene neendidi zabantu ezikumgangatho ophantsi eIndiya, olwaziwa ngokuba yiKomishoni kaMandal, kwafunyaniswa ukuba abo bazibanga bengamaKristu eKerala babechithachitheke “bangamaqela eentlanga ahlukahlukeneyo ngenxa yamaqela ababezalelwe kuwo. . . . Kwanasemva kokuba eguqukile, amaguquka akudidi oluphantsi aqhubeka ephethwe njengeeHarijansb . . . Amalungu eCawa enye angamaSiriya nangamaPulaya ayesenza izithethe zonqulo ngokwahlukeneyo kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo.”

Ingxelo yeendaba yeIndian Express eyaphuma ngoAgasti 1996 yathi ngamaKristu angamaDalit: “ETamil Nadu, ahlala kwiindawo ezahlukileyo kwezabantu abakudidi oluphezulu. EKerala, uninzi lwawo angabasebenzi nje abangenamhlaba, ibe asebenzela amaKristu angamaSiriya nabanye abantu abakudidi oluphezulu nabanemihlaba. Soze ubone amaKristu angamaDalits nangamaSiriya esitya kunye okanye esendiselana. Amaxesha amaninzi, amaDalit anqula kwiicawa zawo odwa ezibizwa ngokuba ‘yicawa yamaPulaya’ okanye ‘yicawa yamaParaya.’” La ngamagama eendidi ezingaphantsi. NgesiNgesi “uparaya” “ngu-pariah.”

Izenzo Ezibonisa Ukunganeliseki

Amaqela abo babekumgangatho ophantsi, njengeFACE (iForum Against Christian Exploitation) afuna urhulumente anike amalungelo amaKristu angamaDalit. Eyona nto iphambili kuwo kukuba kunikelwe uncedo lwezoqoqosho kwabo baguqukele kubuKristu. Noko ke, eminye ixhalabele indlela abaphethwe ngayo abantu ezicaweni. Kwileta eya kuPopu John Paul II, eyatyotyelwa ngamaqela ali-120 abhala esithi “amkela ubuKristu ukuze akhululeke kwinkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi” kodwa ngoku akavunyelwa ukuba angene kwicawa yasekuhlaleni okanye abe nesabelo kwiinkonzo zayo. Ayenyanzelelwa ukuba akhe izindlu kwisitrato esinye ekwakungekho kuzo mKristu ukudidi oluphezulu—nkqu nomfundisi wesiphaluka—owakha wawubeka owakhe umcondo apho! Elinye ibhinqa elingumKatolika elalikhathazeke ngendlela efanayo lathi: “Kubaluleke gqitha kum ukuba unyana wam afunde kwikholeji ekumgangatho ophezulu. Kodwa eyona nto ibaluleke ngakumbi kukuba aphathwe ngendlela elinganayo ngabazalwana bakhe [abangamaKatolika].”

Ngoxa abanye bezama ukuphucula imeko yamaKristu angamaDalit, abaninzi baphelelwa ngumonde. Imibutho enjengeVishwa Hindu Parishad (uMbutho Wehlabathi WamaHindu) izama ukubuyisela amaguquka angamaKristu kubuHindu. I-Indian Express yanikela ingxelo ngomsitho ekwakukho kuwo abantu abangama-10 000, ekwathi kuwo iintsapho “zamaKristu” ezingaphezu kwama-600 zamkela ubuHindu kwakhona.

Indlela YamaKristu Okwenyaniso

Ukuba abavangeli bemibutho yecawa bebefundisa iimfundiso zikaKristu ezisekelwe eluthandweni ngekungekho “maKristu angamaBrahman,” kungekho “maKristu angamaDalit” kungekho “maKristu angamaParaya.” (Mateyu 22:37-40) Ngezingekho iicawa ezahlukileyo ezenzelwe amaDalit ibe kungatyelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Yiyiphi le mfundiso yeBhayibhile ikhululayo nedlulela ngaphaya kokucalucalulana ngokweendidi?

“Kuba uYehova uThixo wenu nguThixo woothixo yena, . . . ongakhethi buso, ongamkeli sicengo.”—Duteronomi 10:17.

“Ke kaloku ndiyanibongoza, bazalwana, ngegama leNkosi yethu uYesu Kristu ukuba nifanele nonke nithethe ngokuvumelanayo, nokuba kufanele kungabikho kwahlukana phakathi kwenu, kodwa ukuba nibe nokumanyana ngokufanelekileyo engqondweni enye nasengcamangweni enye.”—1 Korinte 1:10.

“Ngako oku bonke baya kwazi ukuba ningabafundi bam, ukuba ninothando phakathi kwenu.”—Yohane 13:35.

IBhayibhile ifundisa ukuba uThixo walwenza ngokuphuma kumntu omnye lonke uluntu. Kwakhona ithi yonke inzala yalo mntu ifanele ‘ifune uThixo imfumane, nangona engekude kuye ngamnye wethu.’—IZenzo 17:26, 27.

Xa ukucalucalula abantu ngokweendidi kwangena kwibandla lamaKristu lokuqala, umbhali ophefumlelweyo uYakobi wakugxeka ngokuphandle. Wathi: “Nicalulana ngokweendidi phakathi kwenu yaye niye nangabagwebi abanikela izigqibo ezingendawo, akunjalo?” (Yakobi 2:1-4) Imfundiso yamaKristu okwenyaniso ayiyivumeli nakancinane inkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi.

Kufuneka Ukucinga Kwabantu Behlabathi Elitsha

Izigidi zamaNgqina kaYehova bezisoloko zikulungele ukutshintsha iinkolelo zazo zangaphambili nendlela yazo yokuziphatha ezaziyifunde kwiinkonzo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. Iimfundiso zeBhayibhile ziye zasusa ezintliziyweni nasezingqondweni zazo ukuzigqala zongamile okanye zizive zingaphantsi, enoba ilizwe ezikulo lenziwe amathanga, linobuhlanga, linocalucalulo, okanye inkqubo yokucalucalulwa kwabantu ngokweendidi. (Roma 12:1, 2) Zikuqonda kakuhle oko iBhayibhile ithi ‘ngumhlaba omtsha,’ apho “kuza kuhlala ubulungisa.” Elinjani ukuzuka ithemba kwizihlwele zabantu ezibandezelekileyo emhlabeni!—2 Petros 3:13.

[Imibhalo esemazantsi]

[Amagama acatshulweyo akwiphepha 19]

“UThixo akakhethi buso, kodwa kwiintlanga zonke umntu omoyikayo aze asebenze ubulungisa wamkelekile kuye.”—IZenzo 10:34, 35

[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 17]

Uvakalelwa Njani?

Ewe, uvakalelwa njani xa uphathwa njengomlahlelwa-phandle ngabantu abazibanga bengamaKristu? Omnye umKristu, owayenookhokho abaguquka bengabodidi oluphantsi lwamaHindu olubizwa ngokuba yiCheramar okanye iPulaya, ubalisa ngesiganeko esenzeka kwilizwe lakowabo eliyiKerala kwiminyaka ethile edluleyo:

Ndamenyelwa kumtshato ekwakukho kuwo iqela leendwendwe elalingamalungu ecawa. Xa zathi ntla ngam ethekweni, kwavuk’ ulwanyovu, ibe ezo zazisuka kwiCawa yobuOthodoki yamaSiriya zathi ziza kuzichitha kwelo theko ukuba andizimiselanga kuhamba, ekubeni zazingenakutya nomntu okunqulo lwamapulaya. Xa uyise womtshakazi engazange anikezele kwisisongelo sazo, zalishiya lonke elo theko. Emva kokuba zimkile, kwaphakwa isidlo. Kodwa abo babesizisa ukutya ezitafileni bala ukususa igqabi lomthi weplanteyini endandityela kulo nokucoca itafile endandityela kuyo.

[Umfanekiso]

Icawa yakuMzantsi Indiya, apho kuhlanganisana kuphela abantu abakudidi oluphantsi