Apho Lwalujoliswe Khona Uhlaselo LweSoviet
PHEZU kwawo nje umnyinyiva owenzelwa iCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya ukuze kuphunyelelwe iMfazwe Yehlabathi II, iSoviet Union yaziqinisa iintambo kwimisebenzi yecawa. Ngenxa yoko, ngokutsho kweThe Sword and the Shield, incwadi eyabhalwa ngowe-1999 ngokuphathelele imbali yeKGB (IKomiti Yokhuseleko YaseSoviet), “iKGB yayixhalabe gqitha yimisebenzi ‘engaqondakaliyo’ yaloo maKristu yayingenakuwalawula ngokuthe ngqo.” Ngawaphi la maqela onqulo?
Elona likhulu laliyiCawa yamaKatolika angamaGrike aseUkraine, ngoku eyiCawa yamaKatolika aseUkraine. Yayinamarhamente azizi-4 000 000. Ngokutsho kweThe Sword and the Shield, “bonke oobhishophu bayo abalishumi ngaphandle kwababini, kwakunye namawakawaka abefundisi namakholwa, bafela ukholo lwabo kwinkampu yoxinaniso yaseSiberia [iinkampu ekusetyenzwa nzima kuzo].” Ezinye izisulu zeKGB yayiziicawa zamaProtestanti ezazingabhaliswanga, nezazingalawulwa ngokuthe ngqo nguRhulumente. Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1950, iKGB yenza uqikelelo lokuba la maqela obuProtestanti ayenesimbuku samalungu amalunga ne-100 000.
IKGB yayiwagqala amaNgqina kaYehova njengeqela lamaProtestanti, eyayiqikelela ukuba ngowe-1968 amalunga nama-20 000 kwiSoviet Union. De kwaba sekuqaleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngowe-1939, amaNgqina ayelibathwana. Ngenxa yoko, ayengahoyekanga. Kodwa imeko yatshintsha ngokukhawuleza xa ngequbuliso kwahluma amawakawaka amaNgqina eSoviet Union. Kwenzeka njani oko?
Kuqalisa Ulwando Oluphawulekayo
Kwincwadi yakhe ethi Religion in the Soviet Union, eyapapashwa ngowe-1961, uWalter Kolarz wathetha ngezinto ezimbini ezabangela olu lwando luphawulekayo. Okokuqala, wathi “imimandla eyathinjwa yiSoviet Union ngowe-1939-40—iLatvia, iLithuania, iEstonia neMoldavia—“yayinamaNgqina kaYehova amaninzi azimiseleyo.” Ukongezelela, iinxalenye zempuma yePoland neCzechoslovakia ezazinamaNgqina angaphezu kwewaka, nazo zathinjwa yiSoviet Union, zaba yinxalenye yeUkraine. Ngenxa yoko, onke la maNgqina ayengathi atyalwe ngokukhawuleza eSoviet Union.
UKolarz wabhala wathi, ulwando olungakumbi, “nangona loo nto isenokungakholeleki, lwabangelwa ziinkampu zoxinaniso zaseJamani.” AmaNazi avalela amawaka amaNgqina ngenxa yokwala kwawo ukuxhasa uHitler nemfazwe yakhe engenalusini. UKolarz wathi amabanjwa aseRashiya awayekwezi nkampu “ayincoma inkalipho nokungagungqi ‘kwamaNgqina’ yaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba yiloo nto ebangele ukuba unqulo lwawo lube nomtsalane.” Ngenxa yoko, abaselula abaninzi baseRashiya abavela kwezi nkampu babuyela eSoviet Union benokholo olutsha kuYehova uThixo neenjongo zakhe ezimangalisayo ngomhlaba.—INdumiso 37:29; ISityhilelo 21:3, 4.
Ngenxa yezi nkalo, kwakhawuleza kwakho amawakawaka amaNgqina kwiSoviet Union. Ebutsheni bowe-1946 ubuncinane ayeli-1 600 yaye ngasekupheleni kwelo shumi leminyaka, ayengaphezu kwama-8 000. Olu lwando lwayothusa iKGB, eyayixhalatyiswe gqitha “yimisebenzi yaloo maKristu eyayingenalulawulo lupheleleyo phezu kwawo,” njengoko kuboniswe ngaphambili.
Uhlaselo Luyaqala
Phezu kwaso nje isibakala sokuba amaNgqina aseSoviet Union ayebonakala eliqaqobana, umsebenzi wawo wokushumayela ngokuzinikela wakhawuleza wahlaselwa ngamagunya aseSoviet. E-Estonia uhlaselo lwaqalisa ngoAgasti 1948 xa abantu abahlanu ababekhokela ekwenzeni lo msebenzi bathi babanjwa baza bavalelwa. Elinye iNgqina lase-Estonia elinguLembit Toom lathi: “Kwakhawuleza kwacaca ukuba iKGB ifuna ukubamba wonke umntu.” Oku kwakusenzeka naphi na apho amaNgqina afumaneka khona eSoviet Union.
Abantu baseSoviet bawachaza amaNgqina njengezona zaphuli-mthetho ziphambili nesisongelo esiyintloko kuRhulumente waseSoviet ongakholelwayo kuThixo. Ngoko kuyo yonke indawo, ayefunwa ngamandla, ebanjwa aze avalelwe. IThe Sword and the Shield yathi: “Ukuzikhathaza kwamagosa aphambili eKGB ngabantu bakaYehova mhlawumbi kuyeyona ndlela ibonisa ukungahluzeki kwawo kwanaxa esingatha ezona zinto zingenamsebenzi.”
Oku kuzikhathaza kwabonakala kakuhle kuhlaselo olucetyiweyo olwenziwa kumaNgqina ngoAprili 1951. Kwiminyaka nje emibini edluleyo, ngowe-1999, uNjingalwazi Sergei Ivanenko, umphengululi obekekileyo waseRashiya, wathi kwincwadi yakhe ethi The People Who Are Never Without Their Bibles ebutsheni buka-Aprili 1951, “iintsapho ezingaphezu kwama-5 000 zamaNgqina kaYehova eUkraine, eByelorussia, eMoldavia naseBaltic, ndawo ezo eziziiriphabliki zeSoviet, zathunyelwa ‘kwindawo eyodwa’ eSiberia, kwiMpuma Ekude naseKazakhstan.”
Lufanele Lukhunjulwe
Ngaba unokuyithelekelela imigudu eyayibandakanyekile kolo hlaselo—ngosuku nje olunye ihlanganisa amawakawaka amaNgqina ukutyhubela ummandla omkhulu ngolo hlobo? Khawucinge nje ngokulawula amakhulukhulu, mhlawumbi amawakawaka abasebenzi—singasathethi ke ngokufumana amaNgqina uze ngendlela echuliweyo uwabhade emakhayeni awo. Kwakhona, kwakukho umsebenzi wokulayisha abantu kwiinqwelo ezitsalwa zizilwanyana nakwezinye izithuthi; bathunyelwe kwizikhululo zikaloliwe; baze bafakwe koololiwe bemithwalo.
Kwakhona cinga nje ngokubandezeleka kwala maxhoba. Ngaba unokuyithelekelela into ekwakuyiyo ukuhamba kangangamawakawaka eekhilomitha—kangangeeveki ezintathu nangaphezulu—kumakhareji omthwalo axineneyo, nangacocekanga anenkonkxa kuphela njengendlu yangasese? Yaye khawucinge nje ngokuya kuphoswa kwintlango yaseSiberia, usazi ukuba ukuze uphile kuya kufuneka usebenze nzima phantsi kweemeko ezimaxongo.
Kule nyanga sele kuyiminyaka engama-50 ukususela ngoAprili 1951, xa amaNgqina kaYehova agxothwayo. Ukuze kubaliswe ngokuthembeka kwawo phezu kwawo nje amashumi eminyaka etshutshiswa, kuye kwakhutshelwa kwividiyo amava abo basindayo. La mava abonisa ukuba—kwananjengokuba kwakunjalo kumaKristu enkulungwane yokuqala—imigudu yokuthintela abantu bangamnquli uThixo iye yasilela ekugqibeleni.
Oko Kwaphunyezwa Kukugxothwa
Amagunya aseSoviet afumanisa ukuba ukuthintela amaNgqina ekunquleni uYehova kunzima kunokuba ebecinga. Phezu kwayo nje inkcaso yabo babewabambile, amaNgqina avumela uYehova iindumiso ngoxa agxothwayo yaye axhoma imiqondiso kumakhareji kaloliwe athi: “Kukhwele amaNgqina kaYehova.” Elinye iNgqina lathi: “Kwizikhululo zikaloliwe esasidlula kuzo, sadibana nabanye oololiwe abathwele abanye ababegxothiwe saza sabona imiqondiso eyayixhonywe kumakhareji kaloliwe.” Hayi indlela okwakulukhuthazo ngayo oku!
Ngoko kunokuba bakhathazeke, abo bagxothwayo babonisa umoya wabapostile bakaYesu. IBhayibhile ithi emva kokukatswa nokuyalelwa ukuba bayeke ukushumayela, “baqhubeka ngaphandle kokuyekelela befundisa kwaye bevakalisa iindaba ezilungileyo ezingoKristu.” (IZenzo 5:40-42) Enyanisweni, ngokutsho kukaKolarz ngokuphathelele ukugxothwa, “oku kwakungathethi ukuphela ‘kwamaNgqina’ eRashiya, kodwa yayisisiqalo esitsha somsebenzi wokuguqula abantu. Azama ukusasaza ukholo lwawo xa ayemi kwizikhululo zikaloliwe ngoxa ayeshiya ilizwe.”
Xa amaNgqina afika kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo aza athulwa, aduma kakuhle ngokuthobela, nanjengabasebenzi abazimiselayo. Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, elinganisa abapostile bakaKristu, ngokungathi kunjalo athi kubacinezeli bawo: ‘Asinakuyeka ukuthetha ngoThixo wethu.’ (IZenzo 4:20) Abaninzi bakuphulaphula oko kwakufundiswa ngamaNgqina baza bawathelela ekukhonzeni uThixo.
Oko kwaphumela kwinto eyachazwa nguKolarz: “Ngokuwagxotha uRhulumente weSoviet waba negalelo elibonakalayo ekusasazeni ukholo lwawo. ‘AmaNgqina’ ahlukana nesithukuthezi sendawo awayehlala kuyo [kwiiriphabliki ezikwintshona yeSoviet] aza asiwa kwindawo ephangaleleyo, kwanokuba le yayiyeyona ndawo imbi eneenkampu zoxinaniso nezamakhoboka.”
Imigudu Yokulwa Nolwando
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, amagunya aseSoviet azama iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuthintela amaNgqina kaYehova. Ekubeni intshutshiso engenalusini yasilelayo ekwenzeni le nto yayifunwa, kwayilwa ubuqhetseba. Iincwadi, imifanekiso eshukumayo neenkqubo zikanomathotholo—kwakunye nokungena kwamagosa aqeqeshiweyo eKGB ebandleni—zizinto ezazanywayo ezo.
Ukusasazwa kobuxoki kwabangela abantu abaninzi ukuba bengaqondi bawoyike baze bangawathembi amaNgqina, njengoko oko kuboniswa linqaku lika-Agasti 1982 leReader’s Digest, uHlelo lwaseKhanada. Labhalwa nguVladimir Bukovsky, umRashiya owavunyelwayo ukuba aye eNgilani ngowe-1976. Wabhala wathi: “Ngobunye ubusuku eLondon, ndaphawula omnye umbhalo owawuseludongeni lwesakhiwo esithile owawufundeka ngolu hlobo: AMANGQINA KAYEHOVA . . . Andizange ndiqhubeke nokuwufunda, ndandididekile, kambe ke ndixakwe nokuxakwa.”
UVladimir uchaza isizathu sokungcangcazela ngokungeyomfuneko: “La malungu ehlelo koyikiswa ngawo abantwana kwilizwe lakowethu . . . EU.S.S.R. ‘amaNgqina’ okwenene agcinwa entolongweni nakwiinkampu zoxinaniso. Naku ngoku phambi kwesakhiwo, kukho umbhalo. Ngaba ngokwenene umntu unokuwatyelela afumane ikomityi yeti kunye nawo?” wabuza ngelitshoyo. Ebethelela isizathu sokothuka kwakhe, uVladimir waqukumbela ngelithi: “‘AmaNgqina’ azungulwa ngamandla kwilizwe lethu njengeeMafiya kwilizwe lazo, kwaye akaqondakali kanye njengazo.”
Kodwa, phezu kwayo nje intshutshiso engenalusini nobuxoki obusasazwa ngawo, amaNgqina aye anyamezela aza anda. Iincwadi zaseSoviet ezinjengethi The Truths About Jehovah’s Witnesses, ekuthe eRashiya ngowe-1978 kwashicilelwa imibhalo yayo eli-100 000, zabasela ukusasazwa ngakumbi kobuxoki nxamnye namaNgqina. Umbhali wayo uV. V. Konik, owachaza indlela amaNgqina awathi aqhubeka ngayo nokushumayela phezu kwako nje ukuthintelwa kwawo, wacebisa ngelithi: “Abaphengululi baseSoviet ngezonqulo bafanele bafunde ezinye iindlela ezingakumbi zokulwa neemfundiso zamangqina kaYehova.”
Kwakutheni Ukuze Uhlaselo Lujoliswe Kuwo?
Ngokucacileyo, uhlaselo lweSoviet lwalujoliswe kumaNgqina kaYehova ngenxa yokuba ayexelisa abalandeli bokuqala bakaYesu. Ngenkulugwane yokuqala, abapostile bayalelwa ukuba ‘bangafundisi ngegama likaYesu.’ Kanti kamva abatshutshisi babo bakhalaza besithi: “Khangelani! niyizalisile iYerusalem ngemfundiso yenu.” Abapostile abazange bayikhanyele into yokuba babeshumayela nangona babeyalelwe ukuba bangenzi njalo, kodwa baphendula ngentlonelo besithi: “Simele sithobele uThixo njengomlawuli kunabantu.”—IZenzo 5:27-29.
Nanamhlanje amaNgqina kaYehova awujonga nzulu umyalelo kaYesu kubalandeli bakhe ‘wokushumayela ebantwini nokunikela ubungqina obucokisekileyo.’ (IZenzo 10:42) Kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Kremlin’s Human Dilemma, uMaurice Hindus wathi “yayiyinzondelelo yamaNgqina engayekeleliyo ekuhambiseni ivangeli” eyabangela ukuba “acinezelwe eMoscow yaza [yawenza] asoloko ejongwe ngezikhondo zamehlo ngamapolisa aseSoviet.” Wongezelela ngelithi: “Akanqandeki. Avalwa kweli lizwe, aye kuthi gqi kwelinye.”
Umbhali-mbali waseRashiya uSergei Ivanenko wabhala wathi: “Ngokolwam ulwazi, intlangano yamaNgqina kaYehova yaba kuphela kwentlangano yonqulo eUSSR eye yakwazi ukwandisa inani labantu phezu kwako nje ukuvalwa komsebenzi wayo nokutshutshiswa.” Kakade ke, ezinye iinkonzo zisaqhubeka zisebenza, kuquka leyo idume kakhulu kunazo zonke, iCawa yobuOthodoki yaseRashiya. Uya kukufumanisa kubangela umdla ukufunda ngendlela icawa kunye namaNgqina awakwazi ngayo ukuphumela kuhlaselo lweSoviet.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 14]
“Elona Latshutshiwa Ngokungenalusini”
IA Concise Encyclopaedia of Russia yowe-1964 yathi amaNgqina kaYehova “ayesebenza ngamandla eguqula abantu” yaye “ayelelona qela lonqulo latshutshiswa ngokungenalusini eSoviet Union.”
[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 15]
OMNYE WABANGAMAWAKAWAKA—UFyodor Kalin Uchaza Ukugxothwa Kwentsapho Yakowabo
Intsapho yakowethu yayihlala kwidolophana yaseVilshanitsa, kwintshona yeUkraine. Kwangonyezi ngoAprili 8, 1951, kwafika amapolisa ehamba nezinja, asivusa, aza asixelela ukuba ngokuvumelana nesigqibo esivela kurhulumente waseMoscow, sasiza kuthunyelwa eSiberia. Kodwa ukuba sasinokutyobela uxwebhu olubonisa ukuba asisengawo amaNgqina kaYehova singahlala. Intsapho yakowethu yabasixhenxe, equka abazali bam nabantakwethu, yayizimisele ukuhlala ingamaNgqina. Ndandineminyaka eli-19 ubudala ngelo xesha.
Elinye ipolisa lathi: “Hambani neembotyi, umbona, umgubo, ukutya okumuncu, amakhaphetshu—ukuba anenzi ngolo hlobo niya kubondla ngantoni abantwana benu?” Savunyelwa ukuba sixhele iinkuku nehagu size siziphathele inyama. Kweza iinqwelo ezimbini ezirhuqwa ngamahashe yaye yonke into yalayishwa kuzo yaza yasiwa kwidolophu yaseHriplin. Apho singabantu abangama-40 ukuya kwabangama-50 saxinaniselwa kwikhareji lomthwalo, kwaza kwavalwa ucango.
Eli khareji lalinamaplanga ambalwa okulala—enganelanga umntu wonke—kwakunye nesitovu namalahle neenkuni. Sasipheka kwesi sitovu, sisebenzisa izinto zokupheka esasiziphathele zona. Kodwa yayingekho indlu yangasese—sasisebenzisa inkonkxa. Sandula ke, semba umngxuma osisangqa, safaka le nkonkxa, saza saxhoma iingubo ukuba umntu akwazi ukufihlakala.
Saxinaniseleka apho kwelo khareji lomthwalo njengoko sasithe chu sihamba amawakawaka eekhilomitha sisiya kwindawo esingayaziyo. Ekuqaleni, sasikhathazekile. Kodwa njengoko sasicula kunye iingoma zoBukumkani—sizimisele kangangokuba sasingasakwazi ukuthetha—savuya gqitha. Igosa eliphambili lalidla ngokuvula ucango lize lithi masiyeke le nto siyenzayo, kodwa sasingayeki singagqibanga. Njengoko uloliwe wayemisa kwizikhululo ezahlukeneyo, abaninzi babona ukuba amaNgqina kaYehova ayegxothwa. Ekugqibeleni, emva kweentsuku ezili-17 okanye ezili-18 sikwelo khareji lomthwalo, sothulwa eSiberia ngakwiChibi iBaikal.
[Umfanekiso]
Ndim lowa umi ngasemva, ekunene
[Ibhokisi/Umfanekiso okwiphepha 16]
IARMAGEDDON—Umboniso Oshukumayo Wokusasaza Ubuxoki ESoviet
Amagunya aseSoviet avelisa umfanekiso oshukumayo onomxholo othi Armageddon ngelokuzama ukunyelisa amaNgqina kaYehova. Wawubonisa ibali lobuxoki lothando phakathi kwenkwenkwe eyayikumkhosi waseSoviet nentombazana eyahendelwa ukuba inxulumane namaNgqina. Ekupheleni kwalo mfanekiso ushukumayo, umsakwayo le ntombazana omncinane wabulawa yingozi eyabangelwa ngumveleli oliNgqina, oboniswa njengentlola yaseMerika.
Ligqabaza ngalo mfanekiso, owabachukumisayo ababukeli bawo, iphephandaba laseUkraine iThe Red Flag kaMeyi 14, 1963, yathi: “Ukuveliswa ngale ndlela kweengcamango zobuxoki zokungakholelwa kuThixo kuyasebenza, yaye kunokusetyenziswa nakwezinye iindawo zeli eziye zawubona lo mfanekiso.”
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 14]
Amawakawaka athuthwa ngoololiwe bemithwalo esisiwa eSiberia