Inkqubo Yokuzala—Ngaba Yeyendaleko Okanye YekaThixo?
“YINTO entsonkothe ngokumangalisayo.” Ulindixesha iScience News uyicacisa ngaloo ndlela inkqubo yokuzala komfazi. Kodwa iqanda eliphuma kwiziyileli-maqanda zomfazi alinako ukuvelisa ubomi ngokwalo. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, iseli yedlozi ephuma kwinkqubo yokuzala yendoda imele idibane nenyukliyasi yeqanda. Kodwa idlozi lenza ntoni ukuze lenze iqanda likhule? Loo mbuzo usazidida izazinzulu.
Ukukholelwa kwindaleko kuphakamisa omnye umbuzo: Ukuba amalungu okuzala endoda nomfazi avela ngendaleko, ubomi babukho njani ngaphambi kokuyileka kwawo omabini ngokupheleleyo?
Ukuzala kubandakanya eminye imimangaliso. Umthombo wemfuza kwiqanda eliqanduselweyo unokubonwa kuphela ngoncedo lwesibonakhulu. Kanti ‘unjengamathala amakhulu enkcazelo,’ njengokuba uNjingalwazi Frair noDavis bechaza kwincwadi yabo ethi A Case for Creation. Bongezelela besithi: “Awukho omnye umzekelo wento eyilwe ngezinto ezincinane enokuthelekiswa nale.” Eli thala lincinane lalathisa ukukhula kwawo onke amalungu omzimba, kuquka iinkcukacha ezinjengebala lamehlo neleenwele.
Kungekudala emva kokuqanduselwa, iseli yahlukana kubini, ezo zimbini zahlukane kane, njalo njalo, de kubekho iiseli ezininzi. Ukwahlukana kweeseli kubandakanya ukuphindaphindwa nokulungelelaniswa kwezigidi zeemolikyuli. Kufana nomzi-mveliso othi ngokuzenzekelayo wahlulwahlulwe ube yimizi-mveliso emibini eyahlukeneyo enezixhobo ezaneleyo ezifanayo novelisa imveliso efanayo, uze uqhubeke uphindaphindeka kangangezihlandlo ezininzi. Ngoko kwenzeka enye into emangalisayo.
Iiseli ezime ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo ziqalisa ukubumbeka—iiseli zemithambo-luvo, iiseli zezihlunu, iiseli zesikhumba, nazo zonke ezinye iintlobo ezibumba umntu. Ukwahlukahlukana kweeseli kuyimfihlelo. Nokuqokelelana kweeseli kuyimfihlelo. IScience Digest ithi: “Ngokuqinisekileyo akukho bani usaziyo isizathu sokuba iiseli ezithile ziqokelelane ukuze zenze intso ngoxa ezinye zidibana ukuze zenze isibindi, njalo njalo.” Ekugqibeleni, umzimba womntu ufikelela ukukhula okupheleleyo, ngaloo ndlela wenziwe ziiseli ezili-100 000 000 000 000.
Ngokwengcamango yendaleko, ubomi bomntu bavela kwizinto eziphilileyo ezincinane. Kodwa, ngokungafaniyo nabantu, inkoliso yezinto ezincinane eziphilileyo ivela kumzali nje omnye. Ziyazivelela ngokwazo. Le ndlela yokuvelisa yayinokuguquka njani ibe yentsonkothe ngakumbi efuna abazali ababini? Abantu abakholelwa kwindaleko bakufumanisa kunzima ukuphendula oku, njengokuba ibhokisi ekwiphepha elandulelayo ibonisa.
Oku kungahlangani kufane kuthiwe “kukuvela nje kwenkqubo yokuzala.” Kodwa zimbi izazinzulu zinenkalipho yokukuchasa. UNjingalwazi Jaap Kies, weYunivesithi YaseNtshona Koloni, eMzantsi Afrika, uyichaza “njengentelekelelo egabadeleyo.”
Kukho inkcazelo enye kuphela eyanelisayo engokuvela kobomi. Busisipho esivela kuMdali olumke kunene, uYehova uThixo. Kunjengokuba iBhayibhile isithi: “Sonke isipho esilungileyo, naso sonke isipho esigqibeleleyo, sesaphezulu.”—Yakobi 1:17.
[Ibhokisi ekwiphepha 3]
Oko Abantu Abakholelwa Kwindaleko Bakukholelwayo Ngokuzala
“Asimazi nakancinane unobangela osisiseko weentlobano zesini; isizathu sokuba abantwana kufanele baveliswe ngokuhlangana koothunywashe ababini besini, kunokuba baveliswe ngenkqubo yeparthenogenesis [uzalo olufuna umzali omnye kuphela] . . . Uwonke nje lo mbandela usafihiwe ebumnyameni.”—UCharles Darwin, ngowe-1862.
Ibhekisela kwimbono kaDarwin, iScience News kaSeptemba 8, 1984, yongezelela oku: “Ebenokukubhala oko nanamhla.”
Kwintshayelelo yencwadi ethi Sex and Evolution, uNjingalwazi George C. Williams uthi: “Le ncwadi ibhalwe ngenxa yolweyiseko lokuba ukwesamela kokuzala kwizityalo nakwizilwanyana ezikumgangatho ophakamileyo akuvisisani nengcamango yendaleko ekhoyo.”
Kwincwadi yakhe ethi The Evolution of Sex, uNjingalwazi John Maynard Smith unikela “inkcazelo engemvelaphi yesini,” eyibiza ngokuthi “yeyona nkcazelo ilungileyo endinokuyinikela.” Ekuqukumbeleni uthi: “Andinakuthembela ngokupheleleyo kule nkcazelo.”
“Isini singunobangela weengxaki kwingcamango yendaleko. . . . Kubonakala ukuba inkoliso yemibuzo ebalulekileyo kwingcamango yendaleko ayiphendulwanga . . . Kule mibuzo owona mkhulu nongenakufane utyeshelwe nongowona ungekuphetshwa ngulo, kutheni kubandakanyeke lintlobano zesini?”—The Masterpiece of Nature, nguNjingalwazi Graham Bell.