Ukuvulwa Kwendlela Ebuyela EParadisi
“[UYesu] wathi kuye: ‘Inene ndithi kuwe namhlanje, Uya kuba nam eParadisi.’”—LUKA 23:43, “NW.”
1, 2. (a) Lithetha ntoni igama elithi “paradisi,” ibe kumele ukuba wawufana nantoni umyezo wase-Eden? (b) Igama lesiHebhere elithi “umyezo” liguqulelwe njani kwiZibhalo zamaKristu zesiGrike?
INTSAPHO yabantu yaqalisa ukubakho eParadisi. Ngokuphathelele ukudalwa komntu, sifunda oku kwincwadi yokuqala yeZibhalo eziNgcwele: “UYehova uThixo wambumba umntu ngothuli lwasemhlabeni, waphefumlela emathatheni akhe impefumlo yobomi; umntu ke waba ngumphefumlo ophilileyo. UYehova uThixo watyala umyezo e-Eden ngasempumalanga; wambeka khona umntu abembumbile.” (Genesis 2:7, 8) Igama elithi “Eden” lithetha “iMihlali,” yaye ngaloo ndlela umyezo wase-Eden wawuyipaki enkulu yemihlali, ekwakukho kuyo izinto ezintle ezininzi neziziintlobo-ntlobo.
2 Igama elithi “iparadisi” lithatyathwe kulwimi lwesiGrike, ibe kolo lwimi lithetha umyezo ofana nepaki. Igama lesiGrike elisetyenziselwe ukuguqulela isibizo sesiHebhere esithi gan, sibizo eso esithetha “umyezo,” lelithi pa·raʹdei·sos. IZibhalo ezisusela kuMateyu ukusa kwiSityhilelo zabhalwa ngolwimi lwesiGrike, ibe eli gama lesiGrike lasetyenziswa ekubhalweni kwamazwi eNkosi uYesu Kristu xa kwakuphunyezwa kuye isohlwayo sokufa ngokungcungcuthekiswa kumthi wentuthumbo eKhalvari ngoNisan 14 wonyaka wama-33 C.E.
Isithembiso SikaYesu SeParadisi Kumenzi-bubi
3. (a) Wambuza ntoni uYesu umenzi-bubi onemfesane? (b) Isicelo salo menzi-bubi sabonakalisa ntoni ngokuphathelele ukukholelwa kwakhe kuYesu?
3 Ngelo xesha, abenzi-bubi ababini babebethelelwe kwimithi ephahle uYesu. Omnye wabo wayesayekile ukugculela uYesu ukuze avule ithuba lokuba esinye isihange esasibethelelwe ngaphaya koYesu siqhubeke sisenza oko. Lo menzi-bubi unemfesane waguquka waza wathi: “Uze undikhumbule, Nkosi, xa uthe weza usebukumkanini bakho,” ngaloo ndlela ebonakalisa ukukholelwa kwakhe kukuba uYesu, nakubeni wayexhonywe ecaleni kwakhe, wayenesikhundla esithile kubukumkani obuzayo. (Luka 23:42; Marko 15:32) Hayi indlela ekumele ukuba kwayichukumisa ngayo oko intliziyo yeNkosi uYesu! Eso saphuli-mthetho sinobuhlobo sasikholelwa kukuba uYesu Kristu wayemsulwa nokuba wayengasifanele isohlwayo esiqatha ngolo hlobo esinjengokubethelelwa emthini ukuze ahlazeke kuwonkewonke. (Luka 23:41) Wabonakalisa ngesicelo sakhe ukuba wayekholelwa kukuba uYesu wayeza kuvuswa kwelabafileyo aze abe nesabelo eBukumkanini. Umenzi-bubi wakwabonakalisa ukholo lokuba yena ngokwakhe wayenokuvuswa nokuba uYesu wayeya kuba nguLowo wayenokumbiza kwelabafileyo aze ambabale ngobomi obuhlaziyiweyo emhlabeni.
4. UYesu wasiphendula njani isicelo somenzi-bubi, nto leyo ebonisa ntoni?
4 UYesu walatha ekuvusweni kwaloo menzi-bubi unovelwano xa wathi kuye: “Inene, ndithi kuwe namhlanje, Uya kuba nam eParadisi.” Kumele ukuba oko kwaba yintuthuzelo yokwenene kwisaphuli-mthetho esabonakalisa ukholo. Ukuze loo ndoda ivuswe, kwafuneka ukuba uYesu avuswe kuqala. Ngoko, esebenzisa amandla akhe okuvusa abantu awanikwe nguThixo, uYesu wayeya kumbuyisa lo menzi-bubi kwelabafileyo ngemini yokuvuswa koluntu olusehlabathini.—Luka 23:43; Yohane 5:28, 29; 1 Korinte 15:20, 23; Hebhere 9:15.
5, 6. (a) Yintoni awayeyibhalile uMlawuli uPontiyo Pilato phezu koYesu owayebethelelwe emthini? (b) Luluphi ulwimi ekunokwenzeka ukuba uYesu wathetha ngalo kumenzi-bubi?
5 UYesu wathetha luphi ulwimi xa wenza eso sithembiso? Kwakusetyenziswa iilwimi eziliqela apho ngelo xesha. Oku kuboniswa ngamazwi awathi uMlawuli uPontiyo Pilato wayalela ukuba abhalwe phezu kwentloko kaYesu Kristu owayebethelelwe emthini, mazwi lawo awayemchaza ukuze bonke abedlula ngendlela bawafunde. Ingxelo ekuYohane 19:19, 20 ithi: “Ke kaloku uPilato wabhala nombhalo, wawubeka phezu [“komthi wentuthumbo,” NW]. Kwaye ke kubhaliwe kwathiwa: UYESU WASENAZARETE, UKUMKANI WAMAYUDA. Loo mbhalo ngoko into eninzi yamaYuda yawulesa; ngokuba indawo, uYesu awayebethelelwe kuyo [“emthini wentuthumbo,” NW], yayikufuphi nomzi; kwaye ke kubhaliwe ngesiHebhere, nangesiGrike, nangesiRoma.”
6 Ngokuzalelwa kwakhe eBhetelehem ngunina oyintombi enyulu, uMariya, uYesu wazalwa engumYuda, okanye engumHebhere. Ngokuvisisana noko, xa wayeshumayela kangangeminyaka emithathu enesiqingatha kwilizwe awazalelwa kulo, ngokucacileyo washumayela ngolwimi lwamaYuda olwalusetyenziswa ngoko, okanye ngesiHebhere. Ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba wathetha ngesiHebhere xa wayeqinisekisa umenzi-bubi onemfesane. Ngoko kumele ukuba wasebenzisa igama lesiHebhere elithi gan xa wayebhekisela kwiParadisi—gama elo elifumaneka kwiGenesis 2:8. Apho, inguqulelo eyiSeptuagint yesiGrike yeZibhalo eziNgcwele isebenzisa igama elithi pa·raʹdei·sos xa iguqulela igama lantlandlolo elithi gan.
7. UYesu wazukiswa njani xa wavuswayo?
7 UYesu wavuswa kwelabafileyo ngosuku lwesithathu emva kokubethelelwa kwakhe emthini okanye ngoNisan 16 kwikhalenda yesiHebhere. Kwiintsuku ezingamashumi amane kamva wabuyela ezulwini, ikhaya lakhe lantlandlolo, ngoku ekwimo ephakame ngakumbi. (IZenzo 5:30, 31; Filipi 2:9) Ngoku wayejizekwe ukungafi, phawu olo abelana ngalo noYise wakhe wasezulwini. UYehova uThixo wayesoloko enguye kuphela owayenokungafi de kwavuswa uYesu kwelabafileyo ngolo suku lwangeCawa, ngoNisan 16.—Roma 6:9; 1 Timoti 6:15, 16.
Intlawulelo Ivula Indlela
8. Yayiyintoni injongo kaYehova yantlandlolo ngomhlaba, ibe yintoni ebonisa ukuba unamathele kuloo njongo?
8 Onke la yayingamanyathelo okuphunyezwa kwenjongo kaThixo yokuba umhlaba uphela wambathiswe ubuhle beparadisi, ewe, ube yiparadisi yomhlaba wonke. (Genesis 1:28; Isaya 55:10, 11) Kweyoku-1 yabaseKorinte 15:45, umpostile uPawulos ubhekisela kuYesu ‘njengoAdam wokugqibela.’ Oku kubonisa ukuba uThixo uye wabambelela kwinjongo yakhe yantlandlolo ngokuphathelele umhlaba nokuba uthile uya kuzalisekisa injongo awasilelayo ukuyizalisekisa uAdam wokuqala.
9. Yintoni awayilungiselelayo uYesu ukuze avulel’ indlela ebuyela kwiParadisi?
9 Ngokutsho kukaPawulos, uYesu wazenza ‘intlawulelo.’ (1 Timoti 2:6) UYesu Kristu ngokwakhe wayethe: “Kwanjengokuba uNyana woMntu engezanga kulungiselelwa; weza kulungiselela, nokuncama ubomi bakhe, bube yintlawulelo yokukhulula abaninzi.” Oku kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuba abo banokholo kuYesu Kristu bazuze ubomi obungunaphakade.—Mateyu 20:28; Yohane 3:16.
10. (a) Yintoni awayezimisele ukuyenza uThixo ngokubhekisele kwinani elilinganiselweyo labantu abababalweyo? (b) Kwaqalisa nini ukukhethwa ‘komhlambi omncinane,’ ibe kwaqaliswa ngubani?
10 Xa uYesu wenyukela ezulwini emva kokuvuswa kwakhe kwelabafileyo, wanikela kuThixo ixabiso ledini lakhe lentlawulelo awayelenzele intsapho engabantu. Noko ke, kwakuyinjongo kaYise wasezulwini, uYehova uThixo, ukuba anyulele kwiintlanga zomhlaba “abantu elakhe igama.” (IZenzo 15:14) Ngokutsho kweSityhilelo 7:4 nese-14:1-4, aba babeza kuba linani nje labantu abali-144 000, ‘umhlambi omncinane,’ obizelwe kuBukumkani bukaThixo basezulwini. (Luka 12:32) Ukunyulwa kwaba bababalwe ngokukhethekileyo nguYehova uThixo kwaqalisa ngokunyulwa kwabapostile abali-12 bakaYesu Kristu. (Mateyu 10:2-4; IZenzo 1:23-26) UYesu wathetha oku kula malungu asisiseko sebandla lakhe: “Asinini enanyula mna; ndim owanyula nina.” (Yohane 15:16) Aba babeza kukhokela kumsebenzi wokuvakalisa iParadisi yomhlaba wonke eyayiza kubakho phantsi kolawulo loBukumkani.
Ukusondela KoBukumkani
11. Babuza kumiselwa nini uBukumkani obungoMesiya?
11 Egameni leNkosi uYesu Kristu, thina namhlanje siyaqhubeka sithandaza kuYehova ukuba uBukumkani Bakhe bufike. (Mateyu 6:9, 10; Yohane 14:13, 14) UBukumkani obungoMesiya babuza kumiselwa ekupheleni “kwamaxesha eentlanga.” (Luka 21:24) Loo maXesha eeNtlanga azaliseka ngonyaka we-1914.a
12. Yintoni eyenzeka ngowe-1914 ngokuvisisana nesiprofeto sikaYesu sezinto eziphawulekayo ezaziya kuba ngumqondiso wobukho bakhe obungabonakaliyo?
12 Loo nyaka waphawulwa yimfazwe yokuqala yehlabathi kwimbali yabantu. Oku kwakuvisisana nesiprofeto sikaYesu esingezinto eziphawulekayo ezaziya kuba ngumqondiso wobukho bakhe obungabonakaliyo emhlabeni esemandleni oBukumkani. Abafundi bakhe babembuze lo mbuzo: “Sixelele ukuba ziya kubakho nini na ezo zinto; uya kuba yini na umqondiso wokufika kwakho, nowokupheliswa kwephakade eli?” Ephendula uYesu wathi: “Uhlanga luya kuvukelana nohlanga, nobukumkani buvukelane nobukumkani; kuya kubakho iindlala, neendyikitya zokufa, nezinyikimo zomhlaba kwiindawo ngeendawo. Zonke ke ezo zinto zikukuqaleka kwenimba. Zaye ezi ndaba zilungileyo zoBukumkani ziya kuvakaliswa kulo elimiweyo liphela, zibe bubungqina kuzo zonke iintlanga; kwandule ke ukufika ukuphela.”—Mateyu 24:3, 7, 8, 14; Marko 13:10.
13. (a) Kukuyiphi inkalo ekuthi ukushunyayelwa koBukumkani bukaThixo kube ziindaba ezilungileyo? (b) Bekuthandazelwa kangangethuba elingakanani ukufika koBukumkani bukaThixo, ibe ngaba amaNgqina akhe asemhlabeni akazange adinwe kukubuthandazela?
13 Ngoku ezi ndaba zilungileyo zoBukumkani bukaYehova zishunyayelwa kumazwe angaphezu kwama-200, ibe kwenziwa iinzame zokuba zinwenwele kwimimandla ekude. Ziziindaba, kungekhona ezorhulumente wehlabathi oza kubakho, kodwa ezobukumkani obusemandleni ngoku, obo sele bulawula. Obo Bukumkani bamiselwa ngowe-1914. Babangela ukuphenduleka komthandazo awagqabaza ngawo uYesu kwiminyaka eli-1 900 eyadlulayo. Loo mthandazo ububhekiswa kuMseki wobo Bukumkani ukususela ekubeni lowo wayeza kuba nguKumkani kuloo rhulumente wafundisa abalandeli bakhe ukuba bamthandazele. Ngoko uMsunguli wobo Bukumkani ebesoloko esiva ukucelwa kwabo kangangexesha elide. Ebekuvuyela ukuva imithandazo esiwa kuye ngamangqina akhe asemhlabeni ebudeni balo lonke elo xesha, kuba ibonakalise ukuba asoloko enokholo kobo Bukumkani buzayo. Awazange adinwe kukuthandaza loo mthandazo ‘kuBawo osemazulwini,’ ngokungathi kwaba yinto elizothe kuwo.—Mateyu 6:9, 10.
14. Kutheni le nto amaNgqina kaYehova ezingisa ekushumayeleni iindaba ezilungileyo zoBukumkani bukaThixo?
14 Ngoxa amaNgqina kaYehova ekholelwa yaye evakalisa ukuba uBukumkani bamiselwa ezulwini ngowe-1914, ayazingisa ekushumayeleni ezi ndaba zilungileyo zoBukumkani. Akwenza oku ngenxa yokuba obo Bukumkani bumiselweyo abuluthabathelanga kubo ngokupheleleyo ulawulo lwasemhlabeni kodwa buye bavumela izikumkani zeli hlabathi ukuba ziqhubeke zilawula yaye zinegunya phezu kwazo zonke iintlanga nezizwe zoluntu. (Roma 13:1) Ngoko ke bumele bufike ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, ukusa kumlinganiselo wokuba bube ngokuphela korhulumente onegunya phezu kwawo wonke umhlaba.—Daniyeli 2:44.
15. Yintoni ebiqhubeka ukususela ngePentekoste yowama-33 C.E. eye yenziwa ngomlinganiselo omkhudlwana kunaxa ookumkani bakwaSirayeli babethanjiswa?
15 Nangona etyunjwe njengoKumkani wobo Bukumkani, uYesu akalawuli yedwa. UYehova uThixo uye wamisela i-144 000 labalandeli boNyana wakhe wasebukhosini ukuba babe ziindlalifa kunye naye eBukumkanini bukaThixo obungoMesiya. (Daniyeli 7:27) Kanye njengokuba ookumkani bamandulo bakwaSirayeli babethanjiswa ngumbingeleli omkhulu ngeoli engcwele yokuthambisa, ngoko ukususela ngomhla wePentekoste yowama-33 C.E., uYehova uye wazithambisa ezi ndlalifa kunye noYesu Kristu zili-144 000 ngomoya Wakhe oyingcwele, ezizalela kubomi bokomoya emazulwini kunye ‘noKumkani wookumkani neNkosi yeenkosi.’—ISityhilelo 19:16; thelekisa eyoku-1 yooKumkani 1:39.
IParadisi Eza Kubuyiselwa ‘NguAdam Wokugqibela’
16. Yayinjani imbonakalo yoBukumkani xa uYesu wayebethelelwe emthini, kodwa kutheni lento engazange abe ngumvakalisi weendaba zolwimi?
16 Ebudeni bokubethelelwa kukaYesu emthini ngowama-33 C.E., kwakubonakala ngathi kungangenkankulu ukuba anganobukumkani. Kodwa ekushumayeleni kwakhe uBukumkani bukaThixo, wayengengomvakalisi weendaba zolwimi. Kusuku lwesithathu emva kokubethelelwa kwakhe emthini, uMseki woBukumkani waqinisekisa ukuba abafundi bakaYesu babengayi kuthandazela urhulumente owayengayi kuza. UYehova wamvusa Lowo wayeza kummela kuBukumkani obabuthandazelwa waza wamthi jize ukungafi.
17, 18. (a) Iyintoni intsingiselo yokubizwa kukaYesu ngokuthi “owokugqibela uAdam”? (b) Zibonisa ntoni iziganeko zehlabathi ebezisenzeka ukususela ngowe-1914?
17 UYesu wayesazi ukuba uMdali weParadisi yokuqala eyayisemhlabeni wayeza kuyithi zinzi phezu kwakhe imbopheleleko yokuhlaziya iParadisi nokuqinisekisa ngokuzalisa abemi kumyezo womhlaba wonke. Kweyoku-1 yabaseKorinte 15:45, 47, sifunda oku: “Ngokunjalo kubhaliwe kwathiwa, Owokuqala umntu uAdam waba ngumphefumlo odla ubomi; owokugqibela uAdam waba ngumoya odlisa ubomi. Owokuqala umntu uphume emhlabeni, ungowomhlaba; owesibini umntu, iNkosi, uphume emazulwini.” UAdam wesibini wehla evela ezulwini ibe ungulowo uYehova amsebenzisayo ukubuyisela iParadisi apha emhlabeni. Kwakungesi sizinzi eyathi iNkosi uYesu yathetha oku kumenzi-bubi onemfesane: “Uya kuba nam eParadisi.” (Luka 23:43) Kule ncoko kuyabonakala kwakhona ukuba iParadisi iya kumiselwa emhlabeni phantsi koBukumkani basezulwini obusezandleni zikaYesu Kristu ozukisiweyo, “owokugqibela uAdam.”
18 Iziganeko zehlabathi ezenzeke ukususela ngowe-1914 zivisisana neziprofeto ezaxelwa nguYesu Kristu yaye ngaloo ndlela zingqina ukuba uYesu ebelawula ukususela ngoko. Ngoku kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi asixhenxe, abantu besi sizukulwana senkulungwane yama-20 abaphile ukususela ngowe-1914 baye bakubona ukuzaliseka kweziganeko ezidweliswe kwisiprofeto sikaYesu esifumaneka kuMateyu isahluko 24. Ngoko ke, eli xesha lisondela kwisiphelo salo, nokubuyiselwa kweParadisi emhlabeni kusondele.—Mateyu 24:32-35; thelekisa INdumiso 90:10.
Ixesha Lehlabathi Elitsha Elichwayitisayo Lingaphambili
19, 20. (a) Emva kweArmagedon, uYehova uya kubangenisa entwenini abo bamthandayo? (b) Yintoni ekuya kufuneka yenziwe ngokukhawuleza emva kweArmagedon?
19 Inkqubo yezinto ayiyi kuba yekruqulayo neyindinisa leyo aya kuthi uYehova abangenise kuyo abo bamthandayo emva kokulwela ulongamo lwakhe lwendalo iphela ngendlela engayi kuthandatyuzwa konke konke kwithafa ledabi leArmagedon. Elo xesha lizayo lentsapho engabantu phantsi kolawulo oluthe tye loKumkani onguMesiya, uYesu, uNyana kaThixo, liya kuba lelona lichwayitisayo ngenene. Enjani yona ukuba ninzi into ekuya kufuneka yenziwe eya kuzisa iingenelo! Kuya kushenxiswa zonke izinto ezingumonakalo eziseleyo phezu kwegaqa lomhlaba eziya kube zibangelwe lungquzulwano lwehlabathi jikelele phakathi kwemikhosi kaYehova yasezulwini nemikhosi elungelelanisiweyo yongendawo. Aziyi kwaziwa nomkhondo.
20 Kodwa kuthekani ngezixhobo zokulwa eziya kushiywa ziintlanga? Ngenxa yoko kuboniswe ngumfuziselo kusiya kuba bubude bexesha eziya kulithabatha phambi kokuba kuphele zonke iinxalenye zazo ezinokutsha, kuya kusala into eninzi. (Hezekile 39:8-10) Abasindi beArmagedon baya kukwazi ukuzisebenzisela injongo eluncedo naziphi na izinto zemfazwe eziseleyo ebezisetyenziswa ziintlanga.—Isaya 2:2-4.
21. Ngokufana noko kwaba ngamava abo basindayo kuMkhukula, yiyiphi imeko abaya kujamelana nayo abasindi beArmagedon, kodwa iya kuba nawuphi umahluko omkhulu?
21 Abantu abasikelelweyo banamhla abafana noNowa nentsapho yakhe abasinda ngokungummangaliso kuNogumbe womhlaba wonke baya kujamelana nemeko yomhlaba efana naleyo intsapho kaNowa yazifumanisa ikuyo. Noko ke, uSathana uMtyholi nemikhosi yakhe yeedemon abasayi kuba sisiphazamiso kumazulu angabonakaliyo ajikeleze umhlaba kodwa baya kube benziwe bangakwazi ngokupheleleyo ukusebenza kangangeenkulungwane ezilishumi. (ISityhilelo 20:1-3) Abasindi beArmagedon baya kuba nomsebenzi olucelomngeni wokoyisa umhlaba oye wadlulela ngaphaya ‘kwemini enkulu kaThixo uSomandla,’ bejamelana nayo nayiphi na imiphumo ekuya kube kunako oku kulo mhlaba.—ISityhilelo 16:14.
22. Abasindi beArmagedon baya kusabela njani kucelomngeni lokwandisa iParadisi emhlabeni wonke?
22 Bembalwa ngentelekiso, aba basindi bemfazwe yeArmagedon ngokuqhelekileyo banokulindelwa ukuba baya kothuka gqitha xa besithiwa ntimfa ngomsebenzi omkhulu wokwandisa iParadisi emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa ngokwahlukileyo koko, bezele luchulumanco, baya kuwuqalisa ngenkalipho nangentobelo. Baqonda ngokupheleleyo ukuba lo mhlaba usisihlalo sokomfuziselo seenyawo zikaThixo, ibe bakufuna ngokwenyaniso ukwenza eli gaqa lomhlaba libe kwimo ebukekayo nentle likufanelekela ukuba iinyawo zakhe zihlale kulo.
23. Yiyiphi inkxaso abaya kuyifumana abasindi beArmagedon njengesiqinisekiso sokuba umsebenzi wabo wokubuyisela iParadisi uya kuphumelela?
23 Kuyonwabisa yaye kuyakhuthaza ukwazi ukuba abayi kushiywa bodwa baze bangancediswa emva kokungenela iphulo lale nkonzo ivuyisayo ekuzalisekiseni umyalelo kaThixo ngokuphathelele umhlaba. (Thelekisa uIsaya 65:17, 21-24.) Baya kuxhaswa ngokuzeleyo nangokungalinganiselwanga nguLowo wenza eli dinga leParadisi ebuyiselweyo nowathi ngomhla wokunyukela kwakhe ezulwini: “Linikwe mna lonke igunya emazulwini nasehlabathini.” (Mateyu 28:18) Usenalo elo gunya nangoku, yaye uyakwazi ukuzalisekisa isithembiso sakhe esiphawulekayo awasenza kumenzi-bubi onemfesane, njengoko siza kubona kwinqaku elilandelayo.
[Umbhalo osemazantsi]
a Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha, bona incwadi ethi Unokuphila Ngonaphakade KwiParadisi Esemhlabeni, epapashwe yiWatchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York, Inc., iphepha 138-41. Kwakhona bona uHezekile 21:27.
Imibuzo Yempinda
◻ Siqinisekisa ntoni isithembiso esenziwa nguYesu eKhalvari kuluntu nakwesinye isaphuli-mthetho?
◻ Siyintoni isiseko sokuvula indlela ebuyela kwiParadisi?
◻ Yintoni awasilelayo ukuyenza uAdam wokuqala, kodwa uya kufeza ntoni “owokugqibela uAdam”?
◻ Emva kweArmagedon, luluphi uhlobo lwenkqubo yezinto aya kuthi uYehova abangenise kulo abo bamthandayo?
[Umfanekiso okwiphepha 13]
Inqaku elithi “Ukuphela Kwazo Zonke Izikumkani Ngowe-1914” lavela kwi“The World Magazine” ka-Agasti 30, 1914