Ithetha Ntoni Imithetho Elishumi Kuwe?
KWIINYANGA ezintathu zokukhululwa kwawo eYiputa ngowe-1513 B.C.E., amaSirayeli agxumeka iintente zawo entlango phambi kweNtaba yaseSinayi. Ngokomyalelo kaYehova, umprofeti uMoses wenyuka intaba waza weva uThixo ethembisa ukuba Uya kulwenza uhlanga lwakwaSirayeli lube ‘yinqobo kuye kwizizwe zonke.’ Wandula ke uMoses wakudlulisela oku ebantwini ngokusebenzisa amadoda amakhulu ohlanga. “Baphendula bonke abantu ngamxhelo mnye bathi, Konke akuthethileyo uYehova sokwenza.”—Eksodus 19:1-8.
Emva koko, uThixo waxelela uMoses ngokucacileyo iMithetho Elishumi eyitshayelela le mithetho ngamagqabaza athi: “NdinguYehova, uThixo wakho, owakukhupha ezweni laseYiputa, endlwini yobukhoboka.” (Eksodus 20:2) Le Mithetho Elishumi yayiyeyamaSirayeli, awayexelelwe kuMthetho Wokuqala kwathiwa: ‘Nize ningabi naThixo bambi ngaphandle kwam.’—Eksodus 20:3.
Ngokulandelayo, uYehova wayalela uMoses ngeminye imithetho engcwele eyayisiya kuSirayeli. (Eksodus 20:4–23:19) Iyonke, yaba yimithetho engama-600. Yaye hayi indlela ekwakuchulumancisa ngayo ukuqonda ukuba isithunywa sikaThixo sasilukhokela olu hlanga ukulungiselela indlela yokungena kwiLizwe Ledinga! (Eksodus 23:20-22) UYehova wavakalisa esithi: “Ndiya kwenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo, engazanga idalwe ehlabathini lonke nasezintlangeni zonke, phambi kwabantu bonke bakowenu; bonke abantu ophakathi kwabo wena bowubona umsebenzi kaYehova; ngokuba yinto eyoyikekayo endiya kuyenza kuwe.” Njengembuyekezo, uThixo wayefuna ntoni kubantu bakhe? “Kugcine oko ndikuwisela umthetho ngako namhla.” Ewe, ayenyanzelekile ukuyigcina yonke imithetho nemimiselo kaYehova.—Eksodus 34:10, 11.
Into Eyayithethwa Ngamazwi Alishumi KuSirayeli
Ngenxa yokuba uThixo wawakhusela kwintsabo yawo kubukhoboka baseYiputa, amaSirayeli alazi igama likaThixo ngengqiqo entsha. UYehova wayenguMhlanguli wawo. (Eksodus 6:2, 3) Ngenxa yoku, umthetho wesithathu waba nentsingiselo ekhethekileyo kuwo, ngaloo ndlela alelwa ukufane alibize igama likaThixo.—Eksodus 20:7.
Kodwa kuthekani ngomthetho wesine, omayela nosuku lweSabatha? Lo mthetho wabalaselisa ukuhlonelwa kwezinto ezingcwele, njengoko uYehova wayekubonise kwangaphambili oko xa wayemisela “uphumlo” mayela nokuqokelelwa kwemana. (Eksodus 16:22-26) Ngenxa yokuba amanye amaSirayeli engazange athobele ngoko nangoko, uYehova wawakhumbuza ngokucacileyo ukuba wayewanike loo mthetho. “Niyabona ke, uYehova uninike isabatha. . . .Baye bephumla ke abantu ngomhla wesixhenxe.” (Eksodus 16:29, 30) Kamva, uYehova wawabonisa indlela olwalukhetheke ngayo olu cwangciso, xa wathi: “Phakathi kwam noonyana bakaSirayeli, ngumqondiso ongunaphakade.”—Eksodus 31:17.
Kwakhona, khawuqwalasele umthetho weshumi obalulekileyo, owawusalela ukubawa. Lo ngumthetho ekungekho mntu unokuwubethelela ngokungakumbi. UmSirayeli ngamnye wayeya kuphendula kuThixo wakhe, uYehova, owayegocagoca intliziyo yomntu ngamnye ukufumanisa iintshukumisa zakhe.—Eksodus 20:17; 1 Samuweli 16:7; Yeremiya 17:10.
Imbono Ehlengahlengisiweyo
UYesu Kristu, owayezalelwe kuhlanga lwakwaSirayeli, waxelela abafundi bakhe esithi: “Ningabi ndize kuchitha umthetho, nokuba ngabaprofeti; andize kuchitha, ndize kuzalisekisa.” (Mateyu 5:17) KumaKristu angamaHebhere umpostile uPawulos wabhala wathi: “Umthetho, unesithunzi nje sodwa sezinto ezilungileyo eziza kubakho, ungenaso sona isimilo sazo izinto.” (Hebhere 10:1) Ukuba wawungumHebhere oguqukele kubuKristu, ngewawuwaqonde njani la mazwi? Wambi amalungu ebandla lamandulo lamaKristu akholelwa ukuba yonke loo mithetho engamakhulukhulu uThixo awayeyinikele ngoMoses, kuquka neMithetho Elishumi, yayisasebenza. Kodwa ngaba leyo yayiyimbono echanileyo?
Khawucinge ngala mazwi kaPawulos kumaYuda awaba ngamaKristu kwiphondo laseGalati: “Thina, singamaYuda ngemvelo, asingaboni abavela kwiintlanga, sisazi nje ukuba akagwetyelwa umntu ngokwasemisebenzini yomthetho, kuphela kungokukholwa kuYesu Kristu: sithe ke nathi aba sakholwa kuKristu Yesu, ukuze sigwetyelwe ngokwasekukholweni kuKristu, kungabi ngokwasemisebenzini yomthetho; ngokokuba akuyi kugwetyelwa mntu ngokwasemisebenzini yomthetho.” (Galati 2:15, 16) Enyanisweni, ukuba lilungisa phambi koThixo akuzange kuxhomekeke ekuwuthobeleni ngokupheleleyo uMthetho kaMoses, kuba kwimeko yokungafezeki komntu, oko kwakungenakwenzeka. UPawulos wongezelela ngokuthi: “Bonke abangabasemisebenzini yomthetho, baphantsi kwesiqalekiso; kuba kubhaliwe kwathiwa, Baqalekisiwe bonke abangahlaliyo ezintweni zonke ezibhaliweyo encwadini yomthetho, ukuba bazenze. . . . UKristu wasithenga, wasikhulula esiqalekisweni somthetho, ngokwenziwa isiqalekiso ngenxa yethu.”—Galati 3:10-13.
Ukuba abalandeli bakaYesu abangamaYuda babengasekho phantsi kwesiqalekiso soMthetho, ngaba kukho nawaphi na amaKristu awayenyanzelekile ukuthobela yonke imithetho eyayinikelwe kuSirayeli? KwabaseKolose, uPawulos wabhala wathi: “[UThixo] enixolele zonke iziphoso. Ewucimile umbhalo wesandla owalana nathi, owawumelene nathi ngayo imimiselo, uwususile ke kanye ngokuwubethelela [emthini wentuthumbo, NW] [kaKristu].” (Kolose 2:13, 14) Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, amaKristu okuqala amaninzi kwakufuneka ahlengahlengise ukucinga kwawo aze aqonde ukuba ‘ayekhululwe kuwo uMthetho.’ (Roma 7:6) Ngokuba nokholo kukufa okulidini kukaYesu, okwawubhangisayo uMthetho kwaza kwavula indlela yokumiselwa ‘komnqophiso omtsha okwakuxelwe kwangaphambili,’ ayenethemba lokuzuza ukuma okulungileyo noYehova.—Yeremiya 31:31-34; Roma 10:4.
Oko Ithetha Kona Kuthi
Ngaba oku kuthetha ukuba iMithetho Elishumi, icandelo elisisiseko loMthetho, ayinantsingiselo kumaKristu? Ngokuqinisekileyo akunjalo! Nangona aMazwi Alishumi ngokusemthethweni engawabopheleli amaKristu, le mithetho isaqhubeka inikela ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo, njengokuba injalo neminye imiyalelo yoMthetho kaMoses. Ngokomzekelo, uYesu wathi eyona miyalelo mibini mikhulu yileyo ifuna ukuba sithande uThixo nommelwane. (Levitikus 19:18; Duteronomi 6:5; Mateyu 22:37-40) Eluleka amaKristu aseRoma, uPawulos wacaphula umthetho wesithandathu, owesixhenxe, owesibhozo noweshumi, esongezelela ngokuthi: “Nokuba kukho wumbi umthetho, uhlanganiselwe kweli lizwi lokuthi, Uze umthande ummelwane wakho ngoko uzithanda ngako.”—Roma 13:8, 9.
Ngoko, njengenxalenye yeLizwi likaThixo eliphefumlelweyo, iMithetho Elishumi inayiphi injongo namhlanje? Ityhila imbono kaYehova ngemicimbi. (2 Timoti 3:16, 17) Khawuqwalasele indlela ekwenza ngayo oku.
Imithetho yokuqala emine ibalaselisa imbopheleleko yethu ngakuYehova. (Owokuqala) UnguThixo osafuna uzinikelo olupheleleyo. (Mateyu 4:10) (Owesibini) Akukho namnye kubakhonzi bakhe ofanele asebenzise imifanekiso eqingqiweyo. (1 Yohane 5:21) (Owesithathu) Sifanele silisebenzise igama likaThixo ngendlela efanelekileyo, nangesidima, singaze singalihloneli. (Yohane 17:26; Roma 10:13) (Owesine) Ubomi bethu bonke bufanele busekelwe kwimicimbi engcwele. Oku kusenza ukuba singayekeleli umxakatho, okanye ‘siyigqale isabatha,’ ngendlela abanye abayigqala ngayo.—Hebhere 4:9, 10.
(Owesihlanu) Ukuthobela kwabantwana abazali babo kuyaqhubeka kuyinto engundoqo kumanyano lwentsapho, kubazisela iintsikelelo zikaYehova. Yaye elinjani ithemba ukumangalisa eliziswa ‘ngulo mthetho wokuqala onedinga’! Akukuphela nje “ukuze kulunge kuwe” kodwa kwakhona ukuze “ube nexesha elide emhlabeni.” (Efese 6:1-3) Ekubeni ngoku siphila ‘kwimihla yokugqibela’ yale nkqubo ingendawo ikhoyo, intobelo enjalo engokobuthixo izisela abantu abaselula ithemba lokungaze bafe.—2 Timoti 3:1; Yohane 11:26.
Ukuthanda ummelwane wethu kuya kusithintela ukuba singamenzakalisi ngezenzo ezingendawo ezinjengezi (Owesithandathu) ukubulala, (Owesixhenxe) ukukrexeza, (Owesibhozo) ukuba (Owesithoba) nokungqina ubuxoki. (1 Yohane 3:10-12; Hebhere 13:4; Efese 4:28; Mateyu 5:37; IMizekeliso 6:16-19) Kodwa kuthekani ngeentshukumisa zethu? Umthetho (Weshumi), uchasene nokubawa, usikhumbuza ukuba uYehova ufuna ukuba iintshukumisa zethu zisoloko zifanelekile emehlweni akhe.—IMizekeliso 21:2.
Enjani yona ukutyeba intsingiselo esiyifumana kwiMithetho Elishumi! Njengokuba isekelwe kwimigaqo kaThixo engasayi kuze iphelelwe lixesha, sifanele siyixabise njengesikhumbuzo esibalulekileyo sembopheleleko yethu yokuthanda uThixo nommelwane.—Mateyu 22:37-39.
[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 6]
Ukufa kukaYesu kwawubhangisa uMthetho, kuquka iMithetho Elishumi eyayinikelwe kumaSirayeli kwiNtaba yeSinayi