IYoga—Ngaba Ngumthambo Nje Okanye Kukho Into Engaphezu Koko?

UKUBA nomzimba omncinane nosempilweni kuyinto ephambili ebantwini namhlanje. Oku kuye kwabangela ukuba abantu abaninzi baye kwiindawo zokwenza umthambo ukuze bafumane uncedo. Ngesizathu esifanayo, abantu abaninzi kumazwe aseNtshona babhenela kubugcisa baseMpuma, iyoga.

Abantu abaxinezelekileyo, abadandathekileyo nabanxungupheleyo nabo baye babhenela kwiyoga ukuze bafumane intuthuzelo nezicombululo. Ingakumbi ukususela ngeminyaka yee-1960, ngexesha leehippie nelee-“flower children,” abantu baseNtshona baye banomdla ongakumbi kwizinto zonqulo namasiko aseMpuma. Abadlali bemifanekiso-bhanyabhanya neemvumi zomculo werock benza enye inkqubo yokucamngca, esondele kakhulu kwiyoga yabalasela. Ngenxa yokwanda kwabantu abanomdla kwiyoga, sisenokubuza: ‘Ngaba iyoga kukwenza nje umthambo ukuze ubani abe sempilweni, abe nomzimba omncinane aze abe noxolo lwengqondo? Ngaba iyoga inokwenziwa ngaphandle kokuba nenxaxheba kwimibandela yonqulo? Ngaba iyoga ifanelekile kumaKristu?’

Imvelaphi Yeyoga

Igama lantlandlolo elithi ‘yoga’ linxulumene negama lesiNgesi elithi “yoke” eliguqulelwa ngesiXhosa ngokuthi idyokhwe. Eli gama linokuthetha ukudibanisa, ukuhlanganisa okanye ukufaka phantsi kwedyokhwe, ukufaka imikhala okanye ukulawula. KumHindu, iyoga bubugcisa okanye inkqubo ekhokelela ekubeni ubani abe nolwalamano nesidalwa somoya esinamandla angaphezu kwaqhelekileyo. Ichazwa ‘njengokumanyaniswa kwawo onke amandla omzimba, ingqondo nomphefumlo noThixo.’

Yaqala nini iyoga? Imifanekiso yabantu abahleli ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zeyoga ibonakala kumatywina afumaneka kwi-Indus Valley, kwiPakistan yanamhlanje. Abembi bezinto zakudala bathi impucuko yaseIndus Valley yaqala phakathi kwenkulungwane yesithathu neyesibini ngaphambi kweXesha Eliqhelekileyo, malunga nexesha lempucuko yaseMesopotamiya. Izinto zobugcisa ezivela kwezi ndawo zombini zibonisa umntu, efanekisela isithixo, ethwele iimpondo zesilwanyana yaye engqongwe zizilwanyana, nto leyo efuzisela uNimrodi, “umzingeli onamandla.” (Genesis 10:8, 9) AmaHindu athi le mifanekiso yabantu abahleli ngokungathi benza iyoga yimifanekiso yothixo uSiva, inkosi yezilwanyana nenkosi yeyoga, odla ngokunqulwa ngelingam, umqondiso welungu lobudoda. Ngenxa yoku, incwadi ethi Hindu World ithi iyoga “yinkqubo yokuzila, enemvelaphi yexesha langaphambi kwama-Aryan, eyayineemfundiso nemisitho yamandulo yonqulo.”

Ekuqaleni inkqubo yeyoga yayidluliselwa ngomlomo. Emva koko yabhalwa ngokweenkcukacha, ibhalwa njengesihobe samaIndiya seyoga ekuthiwa yiPatañjali njengeYoga Sutra, eseyincwadi esetyenziswayo nanamhlanje xa kufundiswa iyoga. Ngokutsho kwePatañjali, iyoga ‘ngumgudu olungeleleneyo wokufikelela kwimfezeko, ngokulawula amalungu athile omzimba nengqondo.’ Ukususela kwixesha eyaqala ngalo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iyoga ibisoloko iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo kunqulo lwaseMpuma, ingakumbi ngoku kubuHindu, kubuJain, nakubuBhuda. Abantu abathile abenza iyoga bakholelwa ukuba ibenza bafikelele kwimoksha, okanye inkululeko, ngokubenza bazaliswe ngumoya.

Kwakhona sisenokubuza: ‘Ngaba iyoga isenokwenziwa njengomthambo nje ukuze ubani abe sempilweni aze aphumze ingqondo, ngaphandle kokuba nenxaxheba kunqulo?’ Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, sinyanzelekile sithi, akunjalo.

Isenokukukhokelela Entwenini Iyoga?

Injongo yeyoga njengobugcisa “kukumanyanisa” ubani ngokomoya nesidalwa somoya esinamandla angaphezu kwawomntu. Kodwa sisiphi eso sidalwa somoya?

Incwadi ethi Hindu World ebhalwe nguBenjamin Walker ithi ngeyoga: “Le isenokuba yinkqubo yamandulo yezithethe zobugqi, yaye iyoga isaquka ubugqi nokukhafula.” Izithandi zobulumko ezingamaHindu ziyavuma ukuba ukwenza iyoga kunokukwenza ube namandla angaphezu kwawomntu, nangona ziqhele ukuthi le asiyonjongo yeyoga. Ngokomzekelo, kwincwadi ethi Indian Philosophy, owayesakuba ngumongameli waseIndiya uGqr. S. Radhakrishnan, uthi inkqubo yeyoga “kukulawula umzimba ngeendlela ezithile zokuhlala nto leyo ebangela umzimba ube shushu okanye ubande gqitha. . . . Umntu owenza iyoga unokubona aze eve izinto emgama . . . Ubani usenokudlulisela ingcamango yakhe komnye umntu engakhange athethe naye. . . . Inkqubo ethile yeyoga isenokuwenza umzimba kabani uthi shwaka.”

Umfanekiso womntu owenza inkqubo ethile yeyoga olele phezu kwezikhonkwane okanye ohamba emalahleni ashushu usenokubonakala uyintsomi nje okanye ungakholeleki kwabanye. Kodwa ezi zizinto eziqhelekileyo eIndiya, njengokuma ngomlenze omnye ngoxa uqwalasele ngqo elangeni kangangeeyure nokulawula indlela yokuphefumla enokwenza ubani agqunyelelwe entlabathini kangangexesha elide. NgoJuni 1995, iThe Times of India yathetha ngentombazana eneminyaka emithathu enesiqingatha ubudala eyayife isiqaqa njengoko inqwelo-mafutha enobunzima obuziikhilogram ezingama-750 yayiqabela phezu kwesisu sayo. Isihlwele sothuka, xa yavuka ingenawo nomkrwelo. Le ngxelo yahlabela mgama isithi: “Lawo ngamandla okwenene eyoga.”

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, akukho mntu nje onokukwazi ukwenza ezi zinto. Ngenxa yoko, umKristu umele azibuze: Ezi zinto zibonisa ntoni? Ngaba zivela kuYehova uThixo, “Oyena Uphakamileyo phezu komhlaba wonke,” okanye zivela kwenye indawo? (INdumiso 83:18) IBhayibhile inikela impendulo ecacileyo. Xa amaSirayeli ayesemgubasini wokungena kwiLizwe Lesithembiso, ekwakuhlala kulo amaKanan, uYehova waxelela oonyana bakaSirayeli esebenzisa uMoses esithi: “Uze ungafundi ukwenza izinto ezicekisekayo zezo ntlanga.” Ziziphi ezi “zinto zicekisekayo”? UMoses walumkisa ‘nangabani na ovumisayo, noqhelisela umlingo, nohlaba izihlabo nokhafulayo.’ (Duteronomi 18:9, 10) Ezi zinto uThixo uyazicekisa ngokuba ziyimisebenzi yeedemon nenyama enesono.—Galati 5:19-21.

Oku Akuwafanelanga AmaKristu

Enoba amagosa empilo akavumelani noku, iyoga asingomthambo nje kuphela. Incwadi ethi Hindu Manners, Customs and Ceremonies ithetha ngabantu abaqalisa ukwenza iyoga ababefundiswa ngumfundisi ongumHindu. Omnye kuthiwa wathi: “Ndenza umgudu womntu onamandla angaphezu kwaqhelekileyo ukuze ndibambe umoya wam kangangexesha elide, yaye ndandiphefumla kuphela xa ndandiza kuwa isiqaqa. . . . Ngolunye usuku, emini emaqanda, ndacinga ukuba ndibone inyanga eqaqambileyo, eyayibonakala ngathi iya ngapha nangapha. Ngesinye isihlandlo ndazibona ngathi ndisebumnyameni emin’ emaqanda. Umntu owayendifundisa . . . wayevuya gqitha xa ndimchazela ngale mibono. . . Wandiqinisekisa ukuba kungekudala ndiza kubona eminye imibono emikhulu ngakumbi.” Indoda yesibini iyabalisa: “Wathi mandiqwalasele isibhakabhaka imihla ngemihla ndingaqhwanyazi okanye ndingashukumi. . . . Maxa wambi ndandicinga ukuba ndibona amadangatye omlilo emoyeni, ngamanye amaxesha kwakungathi ndibona iingqimba zomlilo nezinye izinto eziqaqambileyo ezisesibhakabhakeni. Lo wayendifundisa wayevuya gqitha ngenkqubela endandiyenza.”

Abafundisi abangamaHindu babevakalelwa kukuba umntu owenza iyoga kulindeleke ukuba abone imibono engaqhelekanga. Ewe, injongo yeyoga kukufikelela kwimoksha, echazwa njengokunxibelelana nesidalwa somoya esinamandla. Ichazwa ‘njengokumisa ingqondo (ngabom) ingacingi.’ Ngokucacileyo oku akuvisisani nenjongo yamaKristu, ayalwayo: “Niyinikele imizimba yenu ibe yimibingelelo ephilayo, engcwele, eyamkelekileyo kuThixo, inkonzo ke leyo engcwele ngokwamandla enu engqiqo. Yaye musani ukumilisa okwale nkqubo yezinto, kodwa guqukani ngokutshintsha ingqondo yenu, ukuze nikungqine ngokwenu ukulunga nokwamkeleka nokugqibelela kokuthanda kukaThixo.”—Roma 12:1, 2.

Umntu umele azikhethele uhlobo lomthambo afuna ukuwenza. Noko ke, amaKristu akanakuvumela nantoni na—enoba kukuqeqesha umzimba, ukutya, ukusela, isinxibo, ukuzonwabisa, okanye enye into—ukuba yonakalise ulwalamano lwawo noYehova uThixo. (1 Korinte 10:31) Kwabo benza umthambo ukuze nje babe sempilweni, zininzi iindlela zokuwenza ezingenazingozi zokusebenzelana nemimoya nokukhafula. Ngokuphepha izenzo neenkolelo ezinemvelaphi yonqulo lobuxoki, sinokukhangela phambili kwiintsikelelo zikaThixo zenkqubo entsha yezinto yobulungisa apho sinokuba sempilweni emzimbeni nasengqondweni ngonaphakade.—2 Petros 3:13; ISityhilelo 21:3, 4.

[Imifanekiso ekwiphepha 22]

Abaninzi bayakuvuyela ukwenza izinto ezibenza babe sempilweni ezingenazingozi zokusebenzelana nemimoya