Bɔ ni Awieɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ Bɛ yɛ Afii Ohai 20 Nɛɛ Mli
“Gbɔmɛi ekpɛlɛ wiemɔ ni awieɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ lɛ nɔ ni amɛmiito amɛshihilɛi ahe gbɛjianɔ amɛ diɛŋtsɛ, ní nɔ ni baajɛ mli aba lɛ kɔɔɔ he eko, ni Nyɔŋmɔ he susumɔ ko hu kwraa bɛ mli.”—One Hundred Years of Debate Over God—The Sources of Modern Atheism.
EYƐ mli akɛ klɛŋklɛŋ kwraa lɛ eyɛ fɛo moŋ, shi naagbee lɛ, tso ni kɛ kakadaŋŋ lɛ bafeɔ nɔ ni ana aahu. Ale akɛ tso ni tamɔ nakai yɛ; ekɛlɛ lɛ efeee mɛi naakpɛɛ dɔŋŋ.
Nakai pɛpɛɛpɛ eji yɛ wiemɔ ni awieɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ lɛ he. Eyɛ mli akɛ etee susumɔi babaoo shi yɛ afii ohai 19 lɛ mli moŋ, shi kɛɛmɔ ni akɛɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ lɛ bɛ naakpɛɛ, ni ehaooo mɔ hu ŋmɛnɛ. Yinɔ ni haa anaa nɔ fɛɛ nɔ he tsui lɛ eŋmɛ Nyɔŋmɔ ni akɛɛ ebɛ nɛɛ gbɛ ni ekɛ Nyɔŋmɔ mli hemɔkɛyeli ehi shi yɛ be kometoo mli yɛ toiŋjɔlɛ mli.
Enɛ etsɔɔɔ akɛ mɛi babaoo ji mɛi ni kpooɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ; nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ nakai lɛ, nii amlitaomɔ he akɔntaabuu ni jɛ maji 11 mli yɛ Amerika maji anɔ, Europa, kɛ Asia lɛ jie lɛ kpo akɛ, kɛ aja mli lɛ, mɛi ni fa fioo fe oha mlijaa 2 pɛ wieɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ. Shi kɛlɛ, nɛkɛ Nyɔŋmɔ ni akɛɛ ebɛ mumɔ nɛɛ ehe shi waa—yɛ mɛi babaoo ni heɔ yeɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ yɛ lɛ po ateŋ. Te eeefee tɛŋŋ ebalɛ nɛkɛ?
Nyɔŋmɔ Hegbɛ ni Akpɛlɛɛɛ Nɔ
The Encyclopedia Americana lɛ kɛɔ akɛ: “Bei komɛi lɛ, Nyɔŋmɔ ni akɛɛ ebɛ lɛ tsɔɔ kpɛlɛmɔ ni akpɛlɛɛɛ loo kpoomɔ ni akpoo Nyɔŋmɔ kɛkɛ.” Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary lɛ kɛ ‘mɔ ni kɛɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ’ lɛ shishitsɔɔmɔ ni ji enyɔ haa akɛ: “Mɔ ko ni kpooɔ Nyɔŋmɔ yɛ jeŋba gbɛfaŋ; mɔ ko ni leee Nyɔŋmɔ.”—Wɔma ewiemɔ lɛ fã ko nɔ mi.
Hɛɛ, ekolɛ Nyɔŋmɔ ni aheee ayeee akɛ eyɛ lɛ kɔɔ kpɛlɛmɔ ni akpɛlɛɛɛ shihilɛ mli ni Nyɔŋmɔ yɔɔ, aloo hegbɛ ni eyɔɔ, loo enyɔ lɛ fɛɛ nɔ lɛ he. Biblia lɛ wieɔ nɛkɛ mumɔ ni ji Nyɔŋmɔ ni akɛɛ ebɛ nɛɛ he yɛ Tito 1:16 akɛ: “Amɛkɛɔ akɛ amɛkpɛlɛɔ Nyɔŋmɔ nɔ moŋ, shi amɛkɛ amɛnifeemɔi kpooɔ lɛ.”—The New English Bible; okɛto Lala 14:1 he.
Abaanyɛ aja nɛkɛ Nyɔŋmɔ hegbɛ ni akpɛlɛɛɛ nɔ nɛɛ sɛɛ mo aahu kɛya klɛŋklɛŋ adesai enyɔ lɛ anɔ tɔ̃ɔ. Hawa kpɛlɛ nɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ yɛ; shi kɛlɛ, eetao ni “[etsɔ] tamɔ Nyɔŋmɔ, ni [ele] ekpakpa kɛ efɔŋ.” Nɔ ni enɛ tsɔɔ ji akɛ, lɛ diɛŋtsɛ ebaanyɛ ‘ekpɛ eyiŋ eha ehe’ ni efee lɛ diɛŋtsɛ emlai. Sɛɛ mli lɛ, Adam hu yafata Hawa he yɛ nɛkɛ Nyɔŋmɔ hegbɛ ni amɛkpɛlɛɛɛ nɔ nɛɛ mli.—1 Mose 3:5, 6.
Ani nɛkɛ su nɛɛ egbɛ eshwã waa ŋmɛnɛ? Hɛɛ. Nyɔŋmɔ ni akɛɔ akɛ aheee ayeee akɛ eyɛ nɛɛ miije kpo yɛ gbɛ ni yɔɔ nigii nɔ yɛ heyeli ni ataoɔ lɛ mli. Wolo ko ni atsɛɔ lɛ One Hundred Years of Debate Over God—The Sources of Modern Atheism lɛ wie akɛ: “Gbɔmɛi sumɔɔɔ dɔŋŋ ŋmɛnɛ akɛ amɛaahi shi yɛ Nyɔŋmɔ kwɛmɔ kɛ enɔkwɛmɔ shishi. Amɛ . . . sumɔɔ ni amɛhi shi yɛ heyeli moŋ mli.” Awieɔ ashiɔ Biblia jeŋba he mlai lɛ akɛ nɔ ni ehiŋ kɛ nitsumɔ, ni nilee bɛ mli. Mɛi pii asusumɔ tamɔ Mizraim Farao nɔ lɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ, beni ekɛ mpoatswaa wie akɛ: “Namɔ ji Yehowa lɛ ni mabo egbee toi . . . ? Mileee Yehowa.” Ekpɛlɛɛɛ hegbɛ ni Yehowa yɔɔ lɛ nɔ.—2 Mose 5:2.
Bɔ ni Kristendom Ekpɛlɛɛɛ Nyɔŋmɔ nɔ Eha
Mɛi ni eyɔɔ naakpɛɛ fe fɛɛ akɛ amɛkpɛlɛɛɛ Nyɔŋmɔ hegbɛ nɔ ji Kristendom osɔfoi lɛ, ni kɛ adesai ablema saji yeɔ Biblia mli anɔkwale ni yɔɔ krɔŋŋ lɛ najiaŋ lɛ. (Okɛto Mateo 15:9 he.) Kɛfata he hu lɛ, amɛfi tai ni awuu kɛshwie la shi fe fɛɛ yɛ afii ohai 20 nɛɛ mli lɛ asɛɛ, ni amɛkɛ nakai feemɔ ekpoo Biblia mli famɔ akɛ ajie anɔkwa suɔmɔ kpo lɛ kwraa.—Yohane 13:35.
Osɔfoi lɛ hu ekpoo Nyɔŋmɔ kɛtsɔ amɛsɛɛ ni amɛtsɔ amɛha jeŋba he tɛi ni efolɔ eshwie shi lɛ nɔ—akɛ nɔkwɛmɔ nɔ lɛ, kɛtsɔ mla naa saji ni akɛ osɔfoi ni kɛ gbekɛbii naa bɔlɛ lɛ yeɔ, ni faa daa nɛɛ lɛ nɔ. Kristendom shihilɛ lɛ tamɔ blema Israel kɛ Yuda nɔ lɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ. Akɛɛ gbalɔ Ezekiel akɛ: “Shikpɔŋ lɛ nɔ eyi obɔ kɛ lá, ni maŋ lɛ hu eyi obɔ kɛ sane hiɛtsɔmɔ; ejaakɛ amɛkɛɛ: ‘Yehowa eshi shikpɔŋ lɛ, ni Yehowa enaaa!’ ” (Ezekiel 9:9; okɛto Yesaia 29:15 he.) Ebɛ naakpɛɛ akɛ mɛi babaoo eshi Kristendom sɔlemɔi lɛ kwraa ni amɛyaaa dɔŋŋ! Shi ani esa akɛ amɛkpoo Nyɔŋmɔ mli hemɔkɛyeli hu kwraa?
Ani Yiŋtoi Kpakpai yɛ Kɛha Nyɔŋmɔ nɔ ni Aheee Ayeee Lɛ?
Kɛji amɛna jamɔ osatofeemɔ lɛ jio, amɛnako jio, mɛi ni kɛɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ lɛ ateŋ mɛi pii nyɛɛɛ anu tsakpaa ni kã Nyɔŋmɔ mli hemɔkɛyeli kɛ amanehulu ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ lɛ teŋ lɛ shishi. Simone de Beauvoir wie be ko akɛ: “Ebafee mlɛo kɛha mi akɛ masusu jeŋ ni bɛ bɔlɔ he, fe ni masusu bɔlɔ ko ni akɛ nibii ni teɔ shi woɔ amɛhe, ni yɔɔ je lɛŋ fɛɛ lɛ eshwie enɔ tamɔ jatsu ko lɛ he.”
Ani jalɛ sane ni ayeee yɛ je lɛŋ—ni nɔ ni Nyɔŋmɔ jalɔi osatofoi wo he hewalɛ lɛ hu fata he lɛ —maa nɔ mi akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ? Susumɔ enɛ he okwɛ: Kɛ akɛ kakla wo mɔ ko he gbeyei, akɛpila mɔ ko, aloo akɛgbe mɔ ni efeko nɔ ko kwraa po lɛ, ani enɛ tsɔɔ akɛ kakla lɛ bɛ feelɔ ko? Ani etsɔɔɔ moŋ akɛ akɛ nakai nii lɛ tsu nii yɛ gbɛ ni ejaaa nɔ? Nakai nɔŋŋ hu, adesai awerɛho shihilɛi nɛɛ babaoo tsɔɔ akɛ adesai kɛ nyɛmɔi ni Nyɔŋmɔ kɛha amɛ lɛ, kɛ shikpɔŋ lɛ diɛŋtsɛ miitsu nii yɛ gbɛ fɔŋ nɔ.
Shi, mɛi komɛi nuɔ he akɛ nilee bɛ mli akɛ aaahe Nyɔŋmɔ nɔ aye, ejaakɛ wɔnaaa lɛ. Shi kɔɔyɔɔ, gbɛɛmɔ hewalɛ ni nyiɛɔ kɔɔyɔɔ mli, kɛ nibii aŋmajee hu? Wɔnaaa nɛkɛ nibii nɛɛ eko kwraa, shi kɛlɛ, wɔle akɛ amɛyɛ. Wɔ fluflai, toii, kɛ gugɔji haa wɔleɔ akɛ amɛyɛ. Eka shi faŋŋ akɛ, wɔheɔ nɔ ni wɔnaaa lɛ wɔyeɔ kɛji wɔyɛ he odaseyeli.
Be mli ni esusu odaseyeli ni anaa diɛŋtsɛ—tamɔ electron, proton, atom, amino acid, kɛ aŋsɔ ni yɔɔ haŋtsii diɛŋtsɛ lɛ he sɛɛ lɛ—enɛ tsirɛ jeŋ nilelɔ Irving William Knobloch ni kaseɔ adebɔɔ nibii ahe nii lɛ ni ewie akɛ: “Miheɔ Nyɔŋmɔ nɔ miyeɔ, ejaakɛ yɛ migbɛfaŋ lɛ, E-shihilɛ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ lɛ pɛ ji gbɛ ni nilee yɔɔ mli ni abaanyɛ akɛtsɔɔ bɔ ni nibii yɔɔ ha nɛɛ shishi.” (Okɛto Lala 104:24 he.) Nakai nɔŋŋ, wala bɔɔ nii ashihilɛ mli nifeemɔ he nilelɔ Marlin Books Kreider wie akɛ: “Ákɛ gbɔmɔ adesa folo kɛkɛ, kɛ agbɛnɛ akɛ gbɔmɔ ni etuu ewala eha jeŋ nilee kasemɔ kɛ emlipɛimɔ fɛɛ lɛ, mibɛ yiŋkɔshikɔshi feemɔ ko kwraa yɛ shihilɛ mli ni Nyɔŋmɔ yɔɔ lɛ he.”
Jeee nɛkɛ hii nɛɛ pɛ heɔ yeɔ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ yɛ. Taakɛ adebɔɔ mlai ahe nilelɔ Henry Margenau wie lɛ, “kɛ osusu jeŋ nilelɔi kpanakui ni ale waa lɛ ahe lɛ, mɛi fioo pɛ obaana yɛ amɛteŋ ni kɛɔ akɛ amɛheee amɛyeee akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ yɛ.” Esaaa akɛ jeŋ nilee mli hiɛyaa, loo jamɔ nine ni enyɛ shi lɛ nyɛɔ wɔnɔ ni wɔŋmɛɛɔ hemɔkɛyeli ni wɔyɔɔ akɛ Bɔlɔ ko yɛ lɛ he. Nyɛhaa wɔsusua nɔ hewɔ lɛ he wɔkwɛa.
Sɔrɔto ni Anaa kɛ Akɛto Anɔkwa Jamɔ He
Yɛ 1803 mli lɛ, United States maŋ nɔyelɔ Thomas Jefferson ŋma akɛ: “Yɛ anɔkwale mli lɛ, miteɔ shi miwoɔ Kristojamɔ mli nifeemɔi fɔji lɛ; shi jeee shishitoo mlai kpakpai ni Yesu diɛŋtsɛ folɔ eshwie shi lɛ.” Hɛɛ, sɔrɔto feemɔ yɛ Kristendom kɛ Kristojamɔ mli. Ato Kristendom tsɔɔmɔi kɛ hemɔkɛyelii lɛ babaoo shishi yɛ adesai ablema saji anɔ. Nɔ ni tamɔɔɔ nakai lɛ, anɔkwa Kristojamɔ haa ehemɔkɛyelii lɛ damɔɔ Biblia lɛ pɛ nɔ. Enɛ hewɔ lɛ, Paulo ŋma wolo eyaha klɛŋklɛŋ afii oha lɛ mli Kolosebii lɛ akɛ esa akɛ amɛna “anɔkwa nilee,” “ŋaalee,” kɛ “mumɔŋ shishinumɔ.”—Kolosebii 1:9, 10, NW.
Enɛ ji nɔ ni esa akɛ wɔkpa gbɛ yɛ anɔkwa Kristofoi ahe, ejaakɛ Yesu fa esɛɛnyiɛlɔi lɛ akɛ: “Nyɛyaa ni nyɛyafea jeŋmaji fɛɛ mikaselɔi, nyɛbaptisia amɛ . . . , ni nyɛtsɔɔ amɛ ni amɛye nii fiaa ni mikɛɛ nyɛ lɛ nɔ.”—Mateo 28:19, 20.
Ŋmɛnɛ, Yehowa Odasefoi miitsu nɛkɛ famɔ nɛɛ he nii yɛ shikpɔji 231 nɔ yɛ je lɛŋ fɛɛ. Amɛtsɔɔ Biblia lɛ shishi kɛtee wiemɔi 12 mli, ni amɛkala nɔ ni fa kwraa fe ekomekomei 74,000,000. Nɔ ni fe enɛ lɛ, amrɔ nɛɛ amɛmiiye kɛmiibua gbɔmɛi fe 4,500,000 kɛtsɔ shia Biblia mli nikasemɔ gbɛjianɔtoo nɔ, koni ‘amɛye nii fiaa ni Yesu efa lɛ nɔ.’
Nɔ ni jɛɔ nɛkɛ tsɔsemɔ gbɛjianɔtoo nɛɛ mli baa lɛ miishɛ shɔŋŋ. Ehaa mɔ naa anɔkwa sɛɛyoomɔ, ejaakɛ edamɔɔɔ gbɔmɔ susumɔi anɔ, shi moŋ edamɔ Nyɔŋmɔ nilee lɛ nɔ. (Abɛi 4:18) Kɛfata he lɛ, eeye eebua gbɔmɛi ni jɛ jeŋmaji kɛ hewolonɔ sui fɛɛ mli ní amɛfee nɔ ko ni adesai “a-Sɛɛyoomɔ” nyɛŋ eha afee kɔkɔɔkɔ—ni amɛwo “gbɔmɔ hee” ni haa amɛnaa anɔkwa suɔmɔ amɛhaa amɛhe.—Kolosebii 3:9, 10.
Anɔkwa jamɔ miiye kunim yɛ wɔ afii ohai 20 nɛɛ mli. Ekpooo Nyɔŋmɔ—yɛ shihilɛ mli ni eyɔɔ kɛ ehegbɛ fɛɛ gbɛfaŋ. Wɔmiifɔ bo nine ni obasara Yehowa Odasefoi yɛ amɛ Maŋtsɛyeli Asai lɛ ekome nɔ, ni bo diɛŋtsɛ obakwɛ enɛ oha ohe.
[Akrabatsa ni yɔɔ baafa 6]
NYƆŊMƆ NI AKƐƐ EBƐ LƐ SHISHIFA WAJEMƆ
Yɛ afii ohai 18 lɛ teŋgbɛ lɛ, akɛ nitsumɔ wo jeŋ nilelɔ Denis Diderot dɛŋ akɛ etsɔɔ ensaiklopedia ko ni hiɛ wolokpo kome pɛ lɛ shishi kɛjɛ Ŋleshi Blɔfo wiemɔ mli kɛya French wiemɔ mli. Shi etsu nii lɛ kɛteke nɔ fe bɔ ni enitsumɔtsɛ lɛ kpaa gbɛ. Diderot ye aaashɛ afii nyɔŋmai etɛ ni ekɛmiibua e-Encyclopédie, ni hiɛ wolokpoi 28, ni jieɔ su ni mɛi hiɛ yɛ nakai yinɔ lɛ mli lɛ kpo lɛ naa.
Eyɛ mli akɛ Encyclopédie lɛ hiɛ saji ni he yɔɔ sɛɛnamɔ moŋ, shi nɔ ni egbalaa jwɛŋmɔ kɛyaa nɔ titri ji adesa nilee. Taake woji ni abua naa ni atsɛɔ fɛɛ akɛ Great Ages of Man lɛ tsɔɔ lɛ, “eka akɛ ebaashiɛ [jeŋ nilelɔ lɛ] hemɔkɛyeli jajamɔ ni esoro lɛ kwraa etsɔɔ, ni tsɔɔ akɛ adesa baanyɛ aha eshihilɛ aya hiɛ jogbaŋŋ kɛji ekɛ yiŋsusumɔ ye hemɔkɛyeli najiaŋ, akɛ shishitoo mla ni kudɔɔ lɛ.” Anaa faŋŋ akɛ atsĩii Nyɔŋmɔ tã kwraa yɛ mli. The Modern Heritage wolo lɛ kɛɔ akɛ: “Mɛi ŋma wolo lɛ tsɔ saneyitsei ni amɛhala lɛ nɔ amɛha efee faŋŋ akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ jeee nibii ni ehe hiaa ni gbɔmɛi adesai ale lɛ ateŋ akome.” Ebɛ naakpɛɛ akɛ, sɔlemɔ lɛ ka akɛ ebaanyɛ Encyclopédie lɛ nɔ ewo nu shishi. Maŋ sɔɔlɔ ni kwɛɔ mla he nitsumɔ saji anɔ lɛ wie eshi enɛ ake maŋjwaa nifeemɔ ni fiteɔ maŋkwramɔ, jeŋba, kɛ Nyɔŋmɔ jamɔ.
Yɛ ehenyɛlɔi lɛ fɛɛ sɛɛ lɛ, mɛi aaashɛ 4,000 bi akɛ amɛmiisumɔ ni amɛná Diderot Encyclopédie nɛɛ eko—yibɔ ko ni haa mɔ naa kpɛɔ ehe waa, kɛji asusu bɔ ni wolo lɛ jara wa waa lɛ he. Be ji nɔ ni baatsɔɔ akɛ etsɛŋ kwraa ni nɛkɛ hewalɛ ni yɔɔ nigii ni akɛgbeɔ Nyɔŋmɔ mli hemɔkɛyeli nɛɛ baaje kpo faŋŋ akɛ kpoomɔ ni akpooɔ kwraa akɛ Nyɔŋmɔ bɛ.