Nakonsha Kufuukulapo Byepi pa Mambo a Tubibese twa Mashi ne Mashinda a Kubukilwamo Avwangamo Kwingijisha Mashi Ami?
Baibolo wakambizha bena Kilishitu ‘kuzhila . . . mashi.’ (Byubilo 15:20) Onkao mambo, Bakamonyi ba kwa Yehoba kechi baswa kubikwa mashi onse (whole blood) nangwa bibese byao bina bikatampe bya mashi ko kuba’mba maselo achila (red blood cells), maselo atoka (white blood cells), maselo alengela mashi kuchimba (platelets), ne maselo a mema a mu mashi (plasma) ne. Kabiji kechi bapana mashi abo kuba’mba akabikwe mu balwazhi bakwabo nangwa kusungisha mashi abo kuba’mba bakebabikemo kulutwe na lwendo ne.—Levi. 17:13, 14; Byubilo 15:28, 29.
Tubibese twa mashi to tu ka, kabiji mambo ka ñiñijishisho yato o yaikela ya kwifuukwilapo mwina Kilishitu mwine?
Tubibese twa mashi ke tubibese to bengula kufuma ku mashi kupichila mu jishinda jitelwa amba fractionation. Kya kumwenako, maselo a mema a mu mashi (plasma), ko kuba’mba kibese kikatampe kya mashi, kyakonsha kwabanwa mu ino mbaji: muji mema pepi nobe mapesenti 91; bujo bukomesha mubiji nabiji albumins, globulins, ne fibrinogen, muji nobe mapesenti 7; kabiji ne bintu bikwabo nabiji, bujo, ma hormones, mwela, mavitameni, biko, ne ma electrolytes, muji nobe mapesenti 1.5.
Nanchi tuno tubibese nato twavwangiwamo mu mukambizho wa kuzhila mashi nyi? Kechi twakonsha kukumbula’mba ee nangwa’mba ine ne. Baibolo kechi waambapo mu kushinkamika pa mutwe wa tutwe tubibese ne.a Pano bino, tubibese twavula twaengulwa kufuma ku mashi apanwa kuba’mba akabikwe mu balwazhi. Mwina Kilishitu yense wafwainwa kufuukulapo bulongo kana kya kuba wakonsha kuswa nangwa kukana kwingijisha tuno tubibese.
Pa kufuukulapo bintu bya uno mutundu, akilangulukai pa ano mepuzho: Nanchi nayuka kuba’mba kukana tuno tubibese twa mashi kulumbulula amba kechi nkaswa muchi uji yense, nabiji yewa ulwisha twishi ne bikola nangwa yewa ulengela mashi kuchimba kuba’mba aleke kufuma nenyi? Nanchi nakonsha kumulumbulwila dokotala ene mambo o nakaina nangwa o naswila kwingijisha tubibese tumo twa mashi nyi?
Mambo ka mashinda amo a kubukilwamo avwangamo kwingijisha mashi ami o aikela kintu kya kwifuukwilapo ami mwine?
Nangwa kya kuba bena Kilishitu kechi bapana nangwa kusungisha mashi abo kuba’mba akabikwe mu balwazhi ne, mashinda amo nangwa kupimwa kumo kwavwangamo mashi a mwine muntu kechi amwekeshatu patoka amba alwañana na mafunde a mu Baibolo ne. Onkao mambo, muntu yense wafwainwa aye mwine kufuukulapo bulongo kana kya kuba wakonsha kuswa nangwa kukana mashinda amo a kubukilwamo avwangamo kwingijisha mashi anji.
Pa kufuukulapo kuba bino, ishikishai anwe bene ano mepuzho alondelapo: Umvwe kya kuba mashi ami amo bakeafumyamo mu mubiji kabiji kampe ne kwiasungatu pa kakimye kacheche, nanchi jiwi jami ja mu muchima jikanswisha kumona ano mashi amba akiji ami abena kubula kukebewa ‘kwichilwa panshi nyi’? (Mpitu. 12:23, 24) Nanchi jiwi jami ja mu muchima jafunjishiwa na Baibolo jikakatazhiwa umvwe kimye kya kubukwa, mashi ami amo beafumyamo, kwiawamisha, kabiji ne kwiabwezha jikwabo mu mubiji wami nyi? Abya nayuka amba kukana mashinda onse a kubukilwamo avwangamo kwingijisha mashi ami kulumbulula amba nakana mashinda nabiji oa a kwingijisha munkinyi ufumya biko ku mashi (dialysis) nangwa oa a kwingijisha munkinyi wingila nobe muchima nangwa mapwapwa (heart-lung machine) nyi? Nanchi nalomba kwi Lesa kuntangijila pa kino kintu saka kyangye kufuukulapo nyi?b
Bintu ka amiwa mwine byo nafuukulapo?
Monai mitanchi ibiji iji pa mapeja alondelapo. Mutanchi 1 watanchika tubibese tumo twaengulwa kufuma ku mashi kabiji ne byo twingijishiwa mu bumuchi. Nembaimo byo mwasalapo anwe bene kana kya kuba mukaswa nangwa kukana kwingijisha tuno tubibese. Mutanchi 2 watanchika mashinda amo engijishiwa javula avwangamo kwingijisha mashi enu. Nembaimo byo mwasalapo anwe bene kana kya kuba mukaswa nangwa kwiakana ano mashinda. Ino mitanchi kechi yo yo mukengijishanga ne, bino mwakonsha kwingijisha mikumbu iji pa ino mitanchi kwimukwasha kunemba kikachi kyenu kya DPA (durable power of attorney).
Byo mwafuukulapo byafwainwa kwikala byenu anwe bene kechi byo bemufuukwilako ku muntu ungi ne. Kabiji kafwako wafwainwa kulengulula byafuukulapo mwina Kilishitu mukwabo ne. Mu bino bintu byonse, ‘muntu pa muntu ukesendela kisendwa kyanji mwine,’ kya kwifuukwilapo kwanji.—Nga. 6:4, 5.
[Tubyambo twa mushi]
a Byambo byakonsha kwimukwasha byaamba pa uno mutwe biji mu Kyamba kya Usopa kya Kibemba kya June 15, 2004 mapeja 29-31.
b Byambo byakonsha kwimukwasha byaamba pa uno mutwe biji mu Kyamba kya Usopa kya Kibemba kya October 15, 2000, mapeja 30-1, ne mavidyo a Transfusion Alternative—Documentary Series—On DVD.
[Chati pa peja 5]
Mutanchi 1
KECHI BYAITABIZHIWA KU BENA Kusalapo ko
KILISHITU NE Mwafwainwa Kuba
BYA KUFUUKULAPO ANWE BENE TUBIBESE Anwe Bene
MASHI ONSE ALBUMIN—MUJI MASELO
MASELO A MEMA A MEMA A MU MASHI
A MU MASHI AFIKA KU 4%
(PLASMA) Albumin ke bujo bukomesha
mubiji bwaengulwa kufuma
ku maselo a mema a mu mashi.
Mitundu ya albumin itanwa ne
mu bijimwa, mu bya kuja
nabiji mukaka ne make,
kabiji ne mu mabele a inetu ․․ Naswa ma albumin
wamisha. Ma albumin o nangwa
bafumya ku mashi javula ․․ Neakana ma
beengijisha mu muchi ukwasha albumin
kuvuzha mashi pa kubuka muntu
wapungila nangwa wapya kya
kine kine. Uno muchi
wingijishiwa kuvuzha mashi
mwakonsha kutanwa ma albumin
afika ku mapesenti 25.
Tubibese tucheche
twingijishiwa mu kulenga
michi ikwabo yavula
kuvwangakotu ne kulengwa
kwa muchi ukwasha kuvuzha
maselo achila utelwa amba
erythropoietin (EPO).
IMMUNOGLOBULINS—MUJI MASELO
A MEMA A MU MASHI AFIKA KU 3%
Tubibese twa bujo bukomesha
mubiji twakonsha kwingijishiwa
mu michi imo ilwisha tulongolo
ne bikola nabiji kikola
kilengela mashika ne mpemeno ․․ Naswa ma
kushupa [diphtheria], kikola immunoglobulins
kilengela mishipashipa kupuma nangwa
[tetanus], kikola kya kuvimba ․․ Neakana ma
machima (viral hepatitis) ne immunoglobulins
kikola kya kusumwa na kabwa
[rabies]. Kabiji tuno
tubibese twakonsha kuvimbila
muntu ku bikola bimo abyo
byakonsha kubika mu kizumba
bumi bwa jishi jikikoma
kabiji ne kushinda bulembe
bwa mulolo nangwa bwa
kimbeleñenze.
CLOTTING FACTORS—MUJI MASELO
A MEMA A MU MASHI AKEPA PA 1%
Kuji tubibese twavula twa bujo ․․ Naswa tubibese
bukomesha mubiji tulengela tulengela mashi
mashi kuchimba kuba’mba kuchimba to
aleke kufumanga. Tumo bafumya ku mashi
tubibese tupanwa ku balwazhi nangwa
bafumafuma mashi. Kabiji ․․ Netukana tubibese
twingijishiwa ne mu tulengela mashi
kulengela kilonda kuma ne kuchimba to
kulengela mashi kuleka bafumya ku mashi
kufuma panyuma ya kusayiwa.
Kuvwangwa pamo kwa muchi
ulengela mashi kuchimba
kutelwa amba cryoprecipitate.
Yukai’mba: Aluno tubibese tumo
tulengela mashi kuchimba
tubena kulengwa ne kufuma
ku bintu byabulamo mashi.
MASELO ACHILA HEMOGLOBIN—MUJI 33%
(RED CELLS) YA MASELO ACHILA
Buno ke bujo bukomesha
mubiji busenda mwela ye
tupema wa oxygen kumutwala
mu mubiji yense kabiji ne
mwela wa carbon dioxide ․․ Naswa ma hemoglobin
kumutwala ku mapwapwa. nangwa
Michi ilengwa kufuma ku ․․ Neakana ma hemoglobin
bantu nangwa banyama
itelwa amba hemoglobin
yakonsha kwingijishiwa
kubuka balwazhi baji na
kikola kya kukepelwa
mashi nangwa konaika
kwa mashi avula.
HEMIN—MUJI MASELO
ACHILA AKEPA PA 2%
Ke kakibese ko baengula
kufuma ku ma hemoglobin
ko bengijisha kubuka
bantu baji na kikola
kya kukatazhiwa kwa mashi ․․ Naswa ma hemin
kitelwa amba (porphyria, nangwa
[tubipumba twa mashi]) ․․ Neakana ma hemin
akyo kilengela kushupikwa
pa kuja, lubazhibazhi ne
kubula kwenda bulongo kwa
mashi mu mubiji.
MASELO ATOKA INTERFERONS—TUBIBESE
(WHITE CELLS) TUCHETUCHE TWA MASELO ATOKA
Bujo bukomesha mubiji
bulwisha twishi ․․ Naswa ma
tusambukilañana ne kansa. interferons alengwa
Tubibese twa interferons kufuma ku mashi
twavula kechi betufumya nangwa
ku mashi ne. Tumo tulengwa ․․ Neakana ma
kufuma ku tubibese twe interferons alengwa
maselo atoka a bantu. kufuma ku mashi
PLATELETS Pa kino kimye kafwako bibese
bya maselo alengela mashi
kuchimba (Platelets) bibena
kwengulwa kulenga muchi wa
kupa balwazhi ne.
[Chati pa peja 6]
MUTANCHI 2
BYA KUFUUKULAPO ANWE BENE
MASHINDA A KUBUKILWAMO AVWANGAMO KWINGIJISHA MASHI ENU
*Monai kubamba: Ano mashinda a kubukilwamo aenda kupusana monka mwayila mweno ya madokotala. Mwafwainwa kumona amba dokotala wenu wimulumbulwila bulongo byavwangwamo mu jishinda jiji jonse jasalwa pa kuba’mba mumone amba jaswañana na mafunde a mu Baibolo ne kufuukulapo kwenu kwa na jiwi ja mu muchima.
JISHINDA BYO JINGILA Kusalapo ko
JA KUBUKILWAMO mwafwainwa kuba
anwe bene
(Mwakonsha kwisamba na
dokotala wenu saka
mukyangye kuswa nangwa
kukana ano mashinda.)
CELL SALVAGE Jikepeshako konaika
kwa mashi.
Kimye kyo babena kusaya
muntu, mashi afuma pa ․․ Naswa
kilonda abwezhiwamo ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
jibiji mu mubiji. Beovwa ․․ Nakana
nangwa kwiasusa, mu
jishinda ja kuba saka
apitatu kwa kubula kuleka,
apa bino, beabwezha ano
mashi mu mulwazhi.
HEMODILUTION Jikepeshako konaika kwa mashi.
Kimye kyo babena kusaya
muntu, mashi amo beatwala
mu bafukuta ne kupingizhamo ․․ Naswa
michi mwabula mashi ilengela ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
mashi kuvula. Onkao mambo, ․․ Nakana
mashi ashalamo mu mulwazhi
kimye kyo babena kumusaya
beatumpula, kwikala na
tumaselo tuchila tucheche.
Pa kimye nangwa panyuma ya
kusayiwa, mashi o baji
kutwala ku boba bafukuta
beabwezha jikwabo mu mulwazhi.
HEART-LUNG Jikwasha mashi kutwajijila kwenda.
MACHINE Mashi beatwala ku munkinyi
walengwa wingila nobe muchima ․․ Naswa
nangwa mapwapwa ako mashi ko ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
beavwangakanya na mwela ye ․․ Nakana
tupema wa oxygen kabiji ne
kwiabwezha jikwabo mu
mulwazhi.
DIALYSIS Jingila nobe kibese kya mubiji.
Mu jino jishinda ja kubukilwamo, ․․ Naswa
mashi azhokoloka mu munkinyi ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
wiasusa ne kwiawamisha saka ․․ Nakana
akyangye kubwela mu mulwazhi.
EPIDURAL BLOOD Jilekesha kusuma kwa mema
PATCH a mu longololo.
Mashi acheche a mulwazhi
mwine abikwa mu nguya ne ․․ Naswa
kwashiwa mu kikoba kyapela ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
pela kyazhokoloka longololo. ․․ Nakana
Ino nguya ingijishiwa
kushinka pa bena kufumina
mema a mu longololo.
PLASMAPHERESIS Jingijishiwa kushinda kikola.
Mashi beafumya mu mubiji
kabiji ne kwengulako maselo
a mema a mu mashi. Maselo a
mema a mu mashi o baengulako ․․ Naswa
beapingizhapo na muchi, ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
kabiji ne mashi beabwezha ․․ Nakana
jikwabo mu mulwazhi.
Badokotala bamo bakonsha
kukeba kwingijisha maselo
a mema a mu mashi kufuma
mu muntu mukwabo kwiabika
mu mashi a mulwazhi
kupingizha pa oa o
bafumyamo. Umvwe kyaikala
bino, ko kuba’mba jino
jishinda kechi jafwainwa
mwina Kilishitu ne.
LABELING OR Jiyukanyikisha nangwa Kubuka kikola.
TAGGING Mashi amo beafumyamo,
kwiavwanga na muchi kabiji
ne kwiabwezha mu mulwazhi. ․․ Naswa
Kimye kipitapo kya kuba ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
mashi saka akiji pangye ․․ Nakana
ya mubiji kyakonsha
kupusana pusana.
PLATELET GEL; Jumisha bilonda,
AUTOLOGOUS kukepeshako kufuma
(KULUMBULA kwa mashi.
AMBA “WALENGWA Mashi amo beafumya
KUFUMA KU ne kwiavwanga na maselo
MASHI ENU”) avula alengela mashi
kuchimba ne maselo atoka. ․․ Naswa
Uno muchi bamushinga po ․․ Nakonsha kuswa*
basaya nangwa pa bilonda. ․․ Nakana
Yukai’mba: Mu michi imo,
tubibese tulengela mashi
kuchimba betufumya ku
mashi a ñombe.