Mêku a buena Nzambi a kale​—Tshitembelu bua matuku etu aa

DÎKU​—Bulongolodi bua Matunga Masanga buakateta bua kukoka ntema ya bantu buonso pa tshiena-bualu etshi. Mmunyi? Pa kuteka tshidimu tshia 1994 “Tshidimu tshia bukua-matunga bua dîku.” Nansha mudi bamfumu ba matunga, bashikuluji ba malu a nsangilu wa bantu, ne bambiki ba meji ba dîku banyingalala ne lukasa bua didiunda dia malu bu mudi bana ba panshi ne dibanda dikole dia bungi bua mabaka mashipa, mbajangaluke bua kujandula ntatu bu eyi mu mushindu ùdì ukuatshisha ne ùdì mulelela.

Bible udiku mua kujandula ntatu ya dîku anyi? Bua bamue bidi mua kumueneka bu dipumbakana pa kufila meji a se: Bible udi mua kuambuluisha mêku a buena lelu. Ndekelu wa bionso, uvua mufundibue kukadi siekele mivule mu nsombelu ne mu nshidimukilu bia ku Moyen-Orient. Mu bitupa bivule pa buloba, nsombelu mmushintuluke bikole katshia ku bikondo bifundilebu Bible. Nansha nanku, Bible uvua mufundibue ku spiritu wa Yehowa Nzambi, eu udi dîku dionso ne bua kubikidibua ku dîna diende. (Efeso 3:14, 15; 2 Timote 3:16) Ntshinyi tshidi Bible wamba pa bidi bitangila ntatu ya dîku?

Yehowa mmumanye menemene tshidi tshikengela bua kuvuija nsombelu wa dîku muimpe ne musankishi. Nunku, Dîyi diende, Bible, didi ne bia bungi bia kuamba pa bidi bitangila nsombelu wa dîku, amue mamanyisha mafila mu mushindu wa mibelu. Bible udi kabidi ne bilejilu bia mêku avua matumikile mêyi-maludiki a buena Nzambi. Bu tshipeta, bavua ne malanda masheme ne disankishibua. Tuanji kukonkonona nsombelu wa dîku mu bikondo bifundilebu Bible ne tumone malongesha atudi mua kupetelaku.

Bumfumu​—Ndutatu anyi?

Tangila, tshilejilu, bualu bua bumfumu bua dîku. Mu bikondo bia bankambua, bantu bu mudi Abrahama, Izaka, ne Yakoba bavua kakuyi mpata “bamfumu ba mêku.” (Bienzedi 7:8, 9, NW; Ebelu 7:4) Mukanda wa The New Manners and Customs of Bible Times (Ngikadilu ne bilele bipiabipia mu bikondo bifundilebu Bible) wa Ralph Gower, udi wamba ne: “Dîku divua . . . ‘bukalenge bukese’ buvua ku bukokeshi bua tatu. Uvua ne bukokeshi pa mukaji, bana, bikulu, ne basadidi​—yonso uvua mu nzubu muende.” Bushuwa, bankambua bavua pa tshibidilu ne bukenji pa mêku a bana babu kabidi.​—Fuanyikija ne Genese 42:37.

Ebi kabivua bipesha balume dianyisha dia kukengesha bakaji babu ne bana anyi? Nansha kakese. Bulelela, Nzambi wakambila mukaji wa kumpala, Eva, ne: “Mutshima webe newikale kudi mulume webe; yeye neikale ne bukokeshi ku mutu kuebe.” (Genese 3:16) Miaku eyi ivua ileja muvua bakaji basela ne bua kuikala pa tshibidilu, kadi kayivua yumvuija muvua malu ne bua kuikala munkatshi mua batendeledi balelela ba Nzambi. Balume batshinyi ba Nzambi bavua ne bua kuvuluka dilongolola dia Yehowa dia ku tshibangidilu. Yehowa wakenza mukaji bua kuikalaye “muambuluishi wa [mulume] ne mukumbaji wende,” ki mbua kuikala mupika wende nansha. (Genese 2:20, NW) Bu muvua balume bena Nzambi ba mu bikondo bia kale banyisha dikokela diabu buobu bine ne bujitu buabu kumpala kua Nzambi, kabavua batumika bibi ne bukokeshi buabu. Pamutu pa kuangata bakaji babu ne bana bu bapika ba patupu, bankambua batshinyi ba Nzambi bavua babaleja dinanga dilelela ne disuangana.

Tshilejilu tshia disuangana divua bana bapeta pa tshibidilu ntshifidibue mu Genese 50:23 (NW). Muaba’eu udi wamba bua bikulu ba Yozefe ne: “Bakaledibua pa binu bia Yozefe.” Nansha mudibi biumvuija patupu se: Yozefe wakanyisha bana aba bu tunkanunuina tuende, bidi kabidi mua kuleja se: uvua ne disuangana dionso unaya ne bana, ubatumpisha pa binu biende. Batatu ba lelu badi ne bua kuenza nunku bua kuleja bana babu disuangana dia muomumue.

Bu muvuabu bamfumu ba mêku, bankambua batshinyi ba Nzambi bavua kabidi batabalela bivua mêku abu akengela mu nyuma. Kunyima kua dipatuka mu buatu kunyima kua Mvula wa kabutu wa buloba bujima, ‘Noa wakashila Yehowa tshioshelu . . . wakabifila bu mulambu wa kuosha pa kapia pa tshioshelu.’ (Genese 8:20; fuanyikija ne Yobo 1:5.) Nkambua muena lulamatu Abrahama wakafila tshilejilu tshimpe pa kupesha bena mu dîku dilongesha dia muntu pa nkayende. Yeye ‘wakatumina bana bende ba balume dîyi ne bena mu nzubu muende kunyima kuende bua kulamabu njila wa Yehowa bua kuenzabu malu ne buakane ne kulumbuluisha.’ (Genese 18:19, NW) Nunku, bumfumu buena dinanga buvua buambuluisha mêku bua kuikalawu bimpe mu nyanji ne mu nyuma.

Balume bena nkristo lelu’eu badi balonda tshitembelu etshi. Badi baleja bumfumu mu malu a ntendelelu pa kuambuluisha mêku abu bua kunemeka malu malomba a Nzambi ne pa kuleja tshilejilu tshimpe buobu bine. (Matayo 28:19, 20; Ebelu 10:24, 25) Amu bu bankambua, balume ne batatu bena nkristo badi pabu basumba dîba dia kufila dilongesha dia muntu pa nkayende kudi bena mêku abu.

Diangata dipangadika dinene

Pakamanaye kufuta ndekelu wa bionso dibanza dinene kudi tatuende muenu, nkambua Yakoba wakebeja ne: “Ndiba kayi dingenza panyi mudimu bua nzubu wanyi?” (Tshibangidilu 30:30, MMM) Amu bu batatu buonso, Yakoba wakumvua bujitu bua kukumbaja majinga a ku mubidi a dîku diende, ne wakatumika bikole bua kuakumbaja. Genese 30:43 udi wamba ne: ‘Yeye wakatamba kulua mubanji, uvua ne bisumbu bia bimuna, bena mudimu ba bakaji ne bena mudimu ba balume, ne tumelo ne tubalu.’

Kadi, bidimu bikese pashishe, pakamana Yakoba kuasa mu ditunga dia Kanana, mbimueneke bu uvua kayi mumanye se: muanende wa bakaji Dina ukavua mukoleshe tshibidilu tshia njiwu tshia kudia bulunda ne bena Kanana bampangano.a (Genese 34:1) Kabidi kakenza bualu nansha bumue pakaluaye kumanya se: kuvua bintu bia ntendelelu wa bampangano mu nzubu muende. Nansha nanku, kunyima kua dinyangibua dibi dia Dina kudi muena Kanana kampanda, Yakoba wakangata dipangadika dinene. “Umbushayi mpingu ya [nzambi ya, NW] bisamba bikuabo idi munkatshi muenu. Nudikezule,” ke muakatumaye dîyi.​—Tshibangidilu 35:2-4, MMM.

Batatu bena nkristo badi ne bua kuikala badimuke pa bidi bitangila makanda a mu nyuma a mêku abu. Pikalaku njiwu milelela bua makanda a mu nyuma a dîku, bu mudi dikalaku dia mikanda ikena ya malu a tshitembu anyi mijiki mibi mu nzubu, badi ne bua kuangata dipangadika dinene.

Mu mushindu udi ujula ntema, bakaji bena ditabuja bu mudi Sara, Rebeka, ne Rashele bavua pabu ne buenzeji bukole mu dîku. Nansha muvuabu bakokela babayabu, kabavua babakandika bua kudianjila kuela tshiidia pavuabi bikumbanyine ne bikengedibua. Tshilejilu, Ekesode 4:24-26 udi utuambila ne: pavua Mozese ne dîku diende baya batangile ku Ejipitu, ‘Yehowa [“muanjelu wa Yehowa,” nkudimuinu wa Septante] wakasangakena nende, wakamba kumushipa [muana wa balume wa Mozese].’ Mbimueneke patoke se: muana wa balume wa Mozese uvua mu njiwu ya lufu bualu Mozese kavua mumutengule. Zipora wakangata dipangadika ne lukasa bua kutengula muanende. Nunku, muanjelu wakamulekela. Bakaji bena nkristo lelu’eu badi pabu mua kudianjila kuela tshiidia padi nsombelu mukumbanyine.

Ndongeshilu wa bu-tatu muinshi mua Mikenji ya Mozese

Mu 1513 K.B.B., tshikondo tshia bankambua tshiakajika bu muakavua Izalele ditunga. (Ekesode 24:3-8) Batatu bakatungunuka ne kusadila bu bamfumu ba mêku. Kadi, mikenji ya dîku bakayipingana kudi Mikenji ya ditunga mipeshe Mozese kudi Nzambi ne ivua balumbuluishi batekibue baludika nayi. (Ekesode 18:13-26) Buakuidi bua bena Lewi buvua ku mutu kua mishindu yonso ya milambu ya ntendelelu. Kadi, tatu wakatungunuka ne kukumbaja mudimu wa mushinga mukole. Mozese wakabela ne: “Mêyi aa andi nkutumina dîyi lelu’eu adi ne bua kuikala mu mutshima webe; udi ne bua kúalongesha muanebe, kumuambilawu pawikala musombe mu nzubu muebe, ne pawikala wenda mu njila, ne pa kulala, ne pa kubiika.”​—Dutelonome 6:6, 7, NW.

Mikenji ivua ipetesha bikondo, bu mudi Pasaka, bivua dilongesha mua kufidibua mu mushindu mulongolola anyi ukena mulongolola. Pavua dituku dia Pasaka, dia 14 Nizan, disemena pabuipi, mêku a bena Yuda avua atuadija kudilongolola bua luendu luabu lua pa tshibidilu lua ku Yeruzaleme. (Dutelonome 16:16; fuanyikija ne Luka 2:41.) Mmuana kayi uvua malongolola a mushindu’eu kaayi mua kusamina muoyo? Luendu nkayalu luvua milowo. Mu tshikondo atshi mvula ukavua mukoseke, ne munya wa muvu wa printemps ukavua mutuadije kumbusha mu kapepe mashika a muvu wa hiver. Bu muvua neje wa Mukuna wa Hermon wenguluka, musulu wa Yordane uvua usapalala pa mielelu yawu.

Mu njila, batatu bavua mua kulongesha bana babu kabiyi anu malu a buloba buabu kadi kabidi ne malu mavule a kale a miaba ivuabu mua kupitshila. Ebi bivua mua kukonga Mikuna ya Ebal ne Gerizim, muaba uvua milawu ne mabenesha bia mu Mikenji bibadibue. Bavua kabidi mua kupita Betele, muaba uvua Yakoba mupete tshikena-kumona tshiende tshia tshibandilu tshia mu diulu. Mmayukidilangana kayipu a milowo avua mua kuikalaku! Mu ditungunuka dia luendu ne pavua bena ngendu bafumine ku bitupa bikuabu bia ditunga badisangisha pamue ne bisumbu bia mêku, buonso bavua basanka pa kudia bulunda buibaki.

Ndekelu wa bionso, dîku divua dibuela mu Yeruzaleme, “mulengele tshishiki.” (Musambu wa 50:2) Mushikuluji Alfred Edersheim udi wamba ne: “Bavule ba ku bena luendu aba bavua mua kusomba bua mutantshi mukese pambelu pa tshimenga. Aba bavua bapeta miaba ya kulala munda bavua basombamu tshianana kabayi bafuta.” Eyowa, bansonga bena Ebelu bavua bapeta dilongesha dia buludiludi mu dinanga dia buena muntu ne mu diakidila dia benyi. Mpuilu minene ya ku tshidimu ya Bantemu ba Yehowa idi ne tshipatshila tshia muomumue lelu’eu.

Mpindieu, dia 14 Nizan divua dikumbana. Nyama wa Pasaka uvua ushipibua ne woshibua mêba mulongolongo. Pabuipi ne munda-nkulu dîku divua didia muan’a mukoko, mampa kaayi ne luevene, ne biseki bia bululu. Bilondeshile tshilele muana wa balume kampanda uvua mua kukonka ne: “Nudi nuenzela tshilele etshi tshinyi?” Batatu bavua apu mua kufila dilongesha dilongolola, pa kuamba ne: ‘Tshidi tshintu tshishipa bua kupita kua Yehowa, yeye wakapita pa mutu pa nzubu ya bena Izalele mu Ejipitu, pakashipeye bena Ejipitu, ne wakasungila nzubu yetu.’​—Ekesode 12:26, 27; 13:8.

Mukalenge wa Izalele Solomo wakamba ne: ‘Kudi tshikondo tshia kuseka ne tshikondo tshia kuja maja.’ (Muambi 3:4) Bana bena Izalele bavua bapeshibua dîba dia kunaya. Mbimueneke se: Yezu Kristo uvua ubandila bana banaya mu miaba ya bisalu. (Zekâya 8:5; Matayo 11:16) Pa tshibidilu baledi bena kantu ku bianza bavua balongolola madisangisha a disanka a mêku muvuabu bimba misambu, baja maja, ne benza difesto. (Luka 15:25) Baledi bena nkristo badi pabu badianjila kuela tshiidia lelu’eu bua kupetesha dinaya ne bulunda biakane bua bana babu.

Bamamu ne bana mu nsangilu wa bena Yuda

Mmudimu kayi uvua nawu bamamu muinshi mua Mikenji ya Mozese? Nsumuinu 1:8 (MMM) uvua utuma dîyi ne: “Muananyi, uteleje tshidi tatuebe ukulongesha, kupepeji dilongesha dia kudi mamuebe.” Pa kulonda buludiki bua bayende, mukaji muena Yuda uvua utumikila malu malomba a Nzambi mu nsombelu wa dîku. Uvua ne bua kunemekibua kudi bana bende, nansha pakavuaye mukulakaje.​—Nsumuinu 23:22.

Mamu uvua kabidi ne tshitupa tshinene mu dikolesha dia bana bende. Uvua utabalela muana too ne pakavuaye mumane kukola bikumbanyine bua kumumusha ku mabele, bivua bifikisha kabiyi mpata ku tshisuikidi tshikole pankatshi pa mamu ne muanende. (Yeshaya 49:15) Pavua batatu balongesha bana babu ba balume mudimu kampanda wa bianza, bamamu bavua balongesha bana babu ba bakaji midimu ya mu lubanza. Bamamu bavua kabidi ne buenzeji bukole pa bana babu ba balume. Tshilejilu, mukalenge Lemuele wakababidila “mukenji wa bunême wakamupa mamuende bu mubelu.”​—Nsumuinu 31:1, NW.

Mukaji wa tshitembu muena Yuda uvua kabidi ne budikadidi bunene mu “ditangila malu wonso adi apitakana mu nzubu muende.” Bilondeshile Nsumuinu 31:10-31 (NW), uvua mua kusumba bidi bikengedibua mu nzubu, kusumba lupangu anyi tshitupa tshia buloba, nansha kuenduluka mushinga mukese kuine. Bua mulume muena dianyisha, mushinga wende uvua “mupite ne kule eu wa busanga”!

Tshitembelu bua lelu’eu

Mu bikondo bifundilebu Bible ndongoluelu wa dîku uvua utumika bua kukolesha benamu buonso mu nyanji ne mu nyuma. Batatu bavua ne bua kuleja bukokeshi buabu ne dinanga bua diakalenga dia mêku abu. Bavua ne bua kuikala bantunga-mulongo mu malu a ntendelelu. Batatu ne bamamu buonso buabu bavua baleja ditabalela bua bana babu​—pa kubalongesha ne kubakela, pa kutendelela nabu pamue, ne pa kubalongoluela manaya. Bamamu bena Nzambi bavua bambuluishi ba mushinga mukole, pa kunemeka bumfumu bua babayabu eku badianjila kuela tshiidia bua diakalenga dia mêku abu. Bana bena butumike bavua bapetesha baledi babu ne Yehowa Nzambi disanka. Bushuwa, dîku ditshinyi dia Nzambi dia mu bikondo bifundilebu Bible divua tshitembelu tshitambe buimpe bua matuku etu aa.

[Mêyi adi kuinshi]

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Dîku diebe didi mua kuikala ne diakalenga bu mêku avua atendelela Yehowa mu bikondo bifundilebu Bible