Gamaliele​—Wakalongesha Saul wa ku Tarse

MUSUMBA wakashala mupuwe talalaa. Kumpala kua mutantshi mukese, bavua bamba kushipa Paulo. Bavua basungile Paulo, uvua kabidi mumanyike bu Saul wa ku Tarse, kudi basalayi bena Roma ne mpindieu wakatutakena ne bantu bavua pa tshibandilu kampanda pabuipi ne ntempelo mu Yeruzaleme.

Ulomba ne tshianza bua buobu kupuwa, Paulo wakatuadija kuakula mu tshiena-Ebelu, wamba ne: “Bana betu ne batatu, mpindiewu telejayi tshindi nnuambila bua meme kudilumbuluila. . . . Meme ndi muena Yuda, mulela ku Tarse mu Silisiya, kadi ndi mukolele mu tshimenga etshi [“ku makasa a Gamaliele,” NW]. mBandongeshe mua kulama Diyi dia bankambua betu bimpe, . . . kabidi mvua ne disuminyina dikole dia malu a [“Nzambi,” NW], bu munudi nadio bonso lelu.”​—Malu Menza 22:1-3, MMM.

Bua tshinyi Paulo wakatuadija didilumbuluila diende pa kuamba ne: uvua mulongesha kudi Gamaliele pavua muoyo wende mu njiwu? Gamaliele uvua nganyi, ne kuikala mulongeshibue kudiye kuvua kumvuija tshinyi? Dishidimuna diende divua ne buenzeji kudi Saul too ne pakamanaye kulua Paulo, mupostolo muena nkristo anyi?

Gamaliele uvua nganyi?

Gamaliele uvua Mufarizeyi mumanyike bikole. Uvua muikulu wa Hillel Mukulu, uvua muenzeje tshimue tshia ku bilongelu bibidi binene mu Buena-Yuda bua Bafarizeyi.a Ndongeshilu wa Hillel uvua muangata bu mutambe kuikala ne dilekelela kupita eu wa muinende Shammai. Kunyima kua dibutuka dia ntempelo wa Yeruzaleme mu 70 B.B., Bet Hillel (Nzubu wa Hillel) wakanyishibua bikole kupita Bet Shammai (Nzubu wa Shammai). Nzubu wa Hillel wakalua tshimanyinu tshianyishibue tshia Buena-Yuda, bualu tukuabu tusumbu tuonso tuakajimina ne dibutuka dia ntempelo. Mapangadika a Bet Hillel ke atu pa tshibidilu tshishimikidi tshia mikenji ya bena Yuda mu Mishnah, ne Mishnah wakalua nshindamenu wa Talmud, ne mbimueneke se: buenzeji bua Gamaliele budi buvule bua dishindama dia Nzubu wa Hillel.

Bua mushinga mukole uvuabu bamutua, Gamaliele wakafika ku dikala wa kumpala ku dibikidibua rabbane, muanzu udi mupite kule eu wa rabbi. Gamaliele wakalua mene muntu munemekibue bikole anu bu mudi Mishnah wamba ne: “Pakafua Rabbane Gamaliele Mukulu, butumbi bua Torah buakajika, ne bukezuke ne bunsantu [ku muaku ku muaku, “ditapuluka”] biakajimina.”​—Sotah 9:15.

Mulongesha kudi Gamaliele​—Munyi?

Ntshinyi tshivua mupostolo Paulo usua kumvuija pakambilaye musumba ne: uvua ‘mulongesha ku makasa a Gamaliele’? Kuikala muyidi wa mulongeshi bu Gamaliele kuvua kumvuija tshinyi?

Pa bidi bitangila dishidimuna dia mushindu’eu, Profesere Dov Zlotnick wa mu Seminere wa Teoloji wa bena Yuda mu Amerike udi ufunda ne: “Bujalame bua mikenji ya mukana mene, ne nunku dieyemenyibua diayi, budi bukuatakaja nangananga ku malanda a muyidi ne muyishi: ditabalela didi nadi muyishi mu dilongesha mikenji ne tshipatshila tshia muyidi mu diyilonga. . . . Nunku, bayidi bavua bakankamijibue bua kusomba ku makasa a bashikuluji . . . ‘ne bavua banua miaku yabu ne nyota.’”​—Avot 1:4, Mishnah.

Mu mukanda wende wa A History of the Jewish People in the Time of Jesus Christ, Emil Schürer udi utuala butoke pa ndongeshilu ya balongeshi ba-rabbi ba mu siekele wa kumpala. Udi ufunda ne: “Pa tshibidilu ba-Rabbi batambe kuenda lumu bavua basangisha pabuipi nabu bansonga bavua basue kupeta dishidimunyibua, ne kipatshila ka kubamanyisha mu buondoke ‘mikenji ya mukana’ ivua mivulavulayi ne miuule ne malu. . . . Dishidimunyibua divua dienzeka ku dibidija ditungunuke pa dilama malu mu lungenyi. . . . Mulongeshi uvua utuadila balongi bende nkonko mivule ya bundumbulula ne ubalekela bayandamuna anyi uyandamuna nkayende. Balongi bavua pabu banyishila bua kuela mulongeshi nkonko.”

Bua ba-rabbi, nsombelu wa balongi uvua ne mushinga wa bungi kupita bipeta tshianana bia dibanda mu kakuabu kalasa. Bavua badimuisha aba bavua balonga ne mulongeshi wa mushindu’eu ne: “Muntu yonso udi upua muoyo kantu kamue ka ku bidiye mulonge​—bua bualu ebu Mifundu idi imufundila tshibawu tshia lufu.” (Avot 3:8) Butumbi butambe bunene buvua butamba kupeshibua mulongi uvua bu “tshiina tshilaba siman, tshivua katshiyi mua kujimija kamata [nansha] kamue ka mâyi.” (Avot 2:8) Ke mushindu wa dishidimunyibua divua Saul wa ku Tarse mupetele kudi Gamaliele, mpindieu mumanyibue ku dîna diende dia tshiena-Ebelu dia Paulo.

Kipatshila ka malongesha a Gamaliele

Pa kulama malongesha a Bafarizeyi, Gamaliele wakatua mpanda ku ditabuja mikenji ya mukana. Nunku wakela kashonyi kanene pa bilele bia bankambua bia ba-rabbi pamutu pa Mifundu mifundisha ku spiritu. (Matayo 15:3-9) Mishnah udi utela Gamaliele wamba ne: “Dikebele mulongeshi [rabbi] ne diepule ku mpata, bualu ki mbimpe bua wewe kufila tshia dikumi tshinekesha mu dibuka malu.” (Avot 1:16) Bidi biumvuija ne: pavua Mifundu ya tshiena-Ebelu kayiyi yamba patoke tshitudi ne bua kuenza, muntu kavua mua kutumika ne ngelelu wende wa meji anyi kuondo kende ka muoyo bua kuangata dipangadika. Pamutu pa nanku, uvua ne bua kukeba rabbi mupiluke uvua ne bua kuangata dipangadika pamutu pende. Bilondeshile Gamaliele, eu ke mushindu umuepele uvua muntu mua kuepuka dienza mpekatu.​—Fuanyikija ne Lomo 14:1-12.

Nansha nanku, Gamaliele uvua mumanyike pa tshibidilu bua ngikadilu wa ditamba kulekelela malu, wa budikadidi mu mikenji yende ya bundumbulula ya malu a ntendelelu. Tshilejilu, wakaleja kanemu kende bua bantu bakaji pakelaye mukenji ne: uvua mua “kuanyisha bua mukaji kusedibuaye tshiakabidi ku bujadiki bua ntemu umuepele [ku lufu lua bayende].” (Yevamot 16:7, Mishnah) Kabidi, bua kukuba mukaji mubenga kudi bayende, Gamaliele wakakumbaja mikandu mivule mu mukanda wa dishipa dibaka.

Mmuenenu eu udi umueneka mu mushindu uvua Gamaliele wangata balondi ba kumpala ba Yezu Kristo. Mukanda wa Bienzedi udi ulonda ne: pakakeba bakuabu bamfumu bena Yuda bua kushipa bapostolo ba Yezu bavuabu bakuate bualu bavua bayisha, ‘muntu mukuabo, Mufalese, dina diende Gamaliele, muyishi wa mikenji ya Mose, mutumbishibue kudi bantu bonso, wakimana mu tshilumbuluidi; wakamba ne, Bapatule bantu aba tshitupa. Wakamba . . . ne, Nuenu bena Izalele, nudimuke bua bualu bunukadi pa kuenzela bantu aba. . . . Katataka ndi nnuambila ne, Epukai bantu aba, kanubenzedi bualu; . . . nunku nebanusangane nuluisha Nzambi mvita.’ Bakalonda mubelu wa Gamaliele e kulekelabu bapostolo.​—Bienzedi 5:34-40.

Divua diumvuija tshinyi kudi Paulo?

Paulo uvua mushidimuna ne mulongesha kudi umue wa ku balongeshi ba-rabbi batambe bunene ba mu siekele wa kumpala B.B. Kakuvua mpata bua se: pakatela Paulo dîna dia Gamaliele, biakasaka musumba wa bantu ba mu Yeruzaleme bua kuteya ntema ya pa buayi ku mêyi ende. Kadi wakabambila bua Mulongeshi mupite Gamaliele kule menemene​—Yezu, Masiya muine. Paulo uvua mpindieu wakula ne musumba wa bantu bu muyidi wa Yezu, ki ng’wa Gamaliele nansha.​—Bienzedi 22:4-21.

Dishidimunyibua kudi Gamaliele divua ne buenzeji pa malongesha a Paulo pakavuaye muena nkristo anyi? Bumue, dishidimuna dikolesha divuaye mupete pa Mifundu ne mikenji ya bena Yuda diakambuluisha Paulo bu mulongeshi muena nkristo. Nansha nanku, mikanda ya Paulo mifunda ku spiritu ìdì isanganyibua mu Bible idi ileja ne: wakabenga mitabuja a nshindamenu a Bufarizeyi a Gamaliele. Paulo wakaludika binende bena Yuda ne bakuabu bonso, ki nkudi ba-rabbi ba Buena-Yuda anyi ku bilele bienza kudi bantu, kadi kudi Yezu Kristo.​—Lomo 10:1-4.

Bu Paulo mutungunuke ne kuikala muyidi wa Gamaliele, uvua mua kuikala mupete lumu lua bungi. Bamue bena dia Gamaliele bakambuluisha bua kuakaja Buena-Yuda mu matuku akalonda. Tshilejilu, Siméon muana wa Gamaliele, bumue mulongi nende wa Paulo, uvua ne tshitupa tshinene mu ditombokela bena Roma dia bena Yuda. Kunyima kua dibutudibua dia ntempelo, muikulu wa Gamaliele uvua ne dîna se: Gamaliele II wakapingajilula bukokeshi bua Sanhedrin, wakamushintulula ne kumuteka ku musoko wa Yavneh. Yudah Ha-Nasi, muikulu wa Gamaliele II, ke mufundi wa Mishnah, udi mulue dibue dia nshindamenu dia ngenyi ya bena Yuda too ne ku lelu.

Bu mulongi wa Gamaliele, Saul wa ku Tarse uvua mua kuikala mulue muntu munene menemene mu Buena-Yuda. Kadi, pa bidi bitangila mudimu’au, Paulo wakafunda ne: ‘Malu akadi a mushinga muimpe kundi, ng’wowu au nakabala bu tshintu tshijimina bua Kristo. E, bulelela mene, ndi mbala bintu bionso bu tshintu tshijimina bualu bua bulengele butambe bua kumanya kua Kristo Yezu, Mukelenge wanyi; unakajimijila bintu bionso bua bualu buende, ne ndi mbibala bu bintu bia kuela ku diala bua meme mpeta Kristo.’​—Filipoi 3:7, 8.

Pa kuela mudimu wende wa bu Mufarizeyi kunyima ne kulua mulondi wa Yezu Kristo, Paulo uvua utumika ne mubelu wa mulongeshi wende wa kale wa kudilama pa kubenga ‘kudisangana uluisha Nzambi mvita.’ Pa kulekela dikengesha bayidi ba Yezu, Paulo wakalekela kuluisha Nzambi. Bishilangane, pa kulua mulondi wa Kristo, wakavua umue wa ku “benze[j]anganyi ba mudimu ne Nzambi.”​—1 Kolinto 3:9.

Mukenji wa Buena-nkristo bulelela udi utungunuka ne kumanyishibua kudi Bantemu ba Yehowa ba tshisumi mu matuku etu aa. Anu bu Paulo, bamue ba kudibu mbenze mashintuluka a kukatshila mu nsombelu yabu. Bamue mene mbalekele too ne midimu ya ku mubidi milenga amu bua kudifila bikole mu mudimu wa buambi, bushuwa mmudimu ‘wa Nzambi.’ (Bienzedi 5:39) Mmushindupu kayi udibu ne disanka dia kuikala balonde tshilejilu tshia Paulo pamutu pa tshia mulongeshi wende wa kumpala, Gamaliele!

[Mêyi adi kuinshi]

[Tshimfuanyi mu dibeji 28]

Bu mupostolo Paulo, Saul wa ku Tarse wakamanyisha lumu luimpe kudi bantu ba matunga makuabu