Muvua Huldrych Zwingli mukebe bulelela bua mu Bible

Lelu eu, bantu ba bungi ba muoyo muimpe badi mua kumona ni malu adibu bitabuja ngadi Bible ulongesha anyi ki ngadiyi ulongesha. Kabivua nanku ku ntuadijilu kua bidimu bia 1 500 to. Bua tshinyi? Bualu bantu ba bungi kabavua ne mushindu wa kupeta Bible mu muakulu wabu to. Ke bualu kayi, bena mu bitanda bakese ke bavua ne mushindu wa kufuanyikija malongesha a ntendelelu wabu ne tshidi Bible ulongesha menemene. Bamfumu ba bitendelelu kabavua bambuluisha bantu to. Mukanda mukuabu udi wamba ne: “Tshitendelelu tshia mu ditunga dia Suisse tshivua tshinyanguke. Balombodi kabavua ne dimanya to, bavua balonda malu a bitabataba, ne benda masandi.”​—History of the Christian Church.

Tshikondo atshi, Huldrych Zwingli wakabanga kukeba bulelela bua mu Bible. Ntshinyi tshiakapetaye? Mmushindu kayi wakambilaye bantu bakuabu malu avuaye mulonge? Nsombelu wende ne malu avuaye witabuja adi atulongesha tshinyi?

Zwingli wakatuadija kukeba bulelela

Pavua Zwingli ne bidimu 20 ne bia mu njila, uvua musue kulua mumpele wa Katolike. Tshikondo atshi, muntu yonso uvua musue kushala mumpele uvua ne bua kulonga dilongesha dia Philosophie (malu a nkindi), bilele bia tshitendelelu, ne mifundu ya “Batatu ba Ekeleziya.” Kadi kavua ulonga Bible nansha.

Mmunyi muakatuadija Zwingli kumanya bulelela bua mu Bible? Pavuaye mu iniversite mu tshimenga tshia Bâle mu ditunga dia Suisse, wakalonda malongesha a Thomas Wyttenbach uvua mupishe tshilele tshia tshitendelelu tshia dijikijilangana dia mpekatu.a Bilondeshile mufundi kampanda wa malu a nsombelu ya bantu, Zwingli “wakalonga [kudi Wyttenbach] ne: Kristo wakafua musangu umue bua kashidi bua mpekatu yetu.” (1 Petelo 3:18) Pakamanya Zwingli ne: mulambu wa Yezu ke tshintu tshimuepele tshidi Nzambi mufile bua kutubuikidila mpekatu yetu, wakabenga dilongesha dia ne: balombodi ba tshitendelu badi mua kujikijila bantu mpekatu yabu bobu babapeshe makuta. (Bienzedi 8:20) Nansha nanku, Zwingli wakatungunuka ne kulonga, kuluaye mumpele wa Katolike pavuaye ne bidimu 22.

Pavuaye ne bidimu 20 ne bia mu njila, wakadilongela tshiena Greke bua kumvua Mifundu ya muakulu wa ntuadijilu ivuabu babikala ne: Dipungila Dipiadipia. Wakadilongela kabidi mikanda ya Érasme, kufikaye ku dimanya ne: Bible udi ulongesha ne: Yezu ke mutuangaji umue pankatshi pa Nzambi ne bantu. (1 Timote 2:5) Nunku, Zwingli wakabanga kuelakana dilongesha dia bena Katolike dia ne: bansantu ke badi mua kutuangaja muntu ne Nzambi bua kuakula nende.

Zwingli wakavudija dikeba diende dia bulelela bikole pavuaye ne bidimu 30 ne bia mu njila. Tshikondo atshi, uvua kabidi mpasata wa basalayi mu mvita ivua yenzeka misangu ne misangu ku Mputu, pavua bantu bafuila bua kukokesha ditunga dia Italie. Mu mvita ivua mienzeke mu Marignano mu 1515, wakamona bena Katolike bashipa binunu ne binunu bia bena Katolike nabu. Panyima pa bidimu bikese, Zwingli wakatentula Mifundu ya tshiena Greke ku bianza, kuyikuataye mu mutu. Mu 1519, uvua musombele mu tshimenga tshia Zurich tshivua nsangilu wa bukole bua tshididi bua mu ditunga dia Suisse. Ndekelu wa bionso wakafika kuditaba ne: tshitendelelu tshia Katolike tshidi ne bua kulekela malongesha onso adi kaayi a mu Bible. Kadi mmunyi muvuaye mua kuambuluisha bantu bakuabu bua bafike ku dimanya pabu bualu abu?

“Katshia katutu banji kumvua malongesha a nunku to”

Zwingli uvua mutuishibue ne: bantu bavua ne bua kubenga mashimi a bitendelelu pavuabu bumvua diakamue bulelela bua mu Bible. Nunku pakaluaye mumpele mu tshitanda tshinene tshia Grossmünster mu tshimenga tshia Zurich, wakabanga kuyisha ne dikima dia bungi. Katshivua ubala Lectionnaireb wa mu Latin to. Kadi uvua uyisha malu a mu Bible, nshapita ku nshapita kubangila ku mukanda wa mbangilu too ne ku wa ndekelu. Pamutu pa kulonda ngenyi ya Batatu ba Ekeleziya bua kumvuija mifundu ya mu Bible, uvua ulekela mifundu ayi idiumvuija nkayayi. Wakenza nanku pavuaye ulekela mifundu ya mu Bible ivua mipepele yumvuija mifundu ya Bible ivua mikole.​—2 Timote 3:16.

Sergio Azenha/Alamy Stock Photo

Pavua Zwingli uyisha, uvua uleja muvua Bible ne mushinga wa bungi. Wakalongesha mikenji ya bikadilu ya mu Bible, kulejaye muvuabi bibi bua kutendelela Mariya mamuende wa Yezu, kutendelela bansantu, difila makuta kudi bamumpele bua batujikijile mpekatu, kulejaye ne muvua balombodi ba tshitendelelu bendi ba masandi. Bantu bakenza tshinyi? Panyima pa muyuki wende wa kumpala, bamue bantu bakamba ne: “Katshia katutu banji kumvua malongesha a nunku to.” Mumanyi mukuabu wa malu a kale wakamba bua bena Katolike bakalonda malongesha a Zwingli ne: “Bantu bavua balekele kuya mu mese bua butatakana bua bamumpele ne bua dienda diabu dia masandi bakabanga kualukila.”

Mu 1522, munene wa Katolike wakasaka balombodi ba tshimenga tshia Zurich bua kuambila bantu balekele kuenza malu avua kaayi umvuangana ne malongesha a tshitendelelu. Ke bualu kayi bakapisha Zwingli bu mutontolodi. Bu muvuaye kayi musue kulekela ditabuja diende, wakalekela bumumpele mu Katolike.

Ntshinyi tshiakenza Zwingli?

Nansha muvua Zwingli mulekele bumumpele, wakatungunuka ne kuikala muyishi, udienzeja bua bantu bakuabu bafike ku ditaba malu avuaye witabuja. Wakamanyika bikole bua malongesha ende, kusakabi balombodi ba tshimenga tshia Zurich bua kuteya ntema kubivuaye wamba. Bu mukavuaye upetangana ne balombodi ba mu tshimenga tshia Zurich, biakafikisha bitendelelu ku dishintulula malongesha abi. Tshilejelu, mu 1523, wakafikisha banene ba malu a mikenji ba mu Zurich bua kukandika dilongesha dionso dia mu bitendelelu divua kadiyi difumina mu Bible. Mu 1524, wakabafikisha ku diela mikenji ivua ikandika ditendelela mpingu. Bampasata ne bantu bakuabu bakeleshangana diboko ne banzuji ba mu tshimenga atshi bua kuosha bioshelu, mpingu, bimfuanyi, ne bishadila bia bansantu. Mukanda wa Zwingli​—God’s Armed Prophet udi wamba ne: “Pa kumbusha dinyanga nzubu ya bitendelelu kudi ba-Vikings, tshitendelu tshia Katolike katshitu tshianji kupeta tshiyangu tshia ku makanda tshia mushindu au nansha.” Mu 1525, wakasaka bakoketshi bua kuvuija nzubu ya Katolike mpitadi ne kuanyishila badiambike ne bamansere bua kubuela mu dibaka. Wakafila kabidi lungenyi lua kumbusha difuka misa kupingaja tshibilu kampanda tshipepele tshidi tshipetangana ne Bible. (1 Kolinto 11:23-25) Bamanyi ba malu a kale badi bamba ne: kudifila kua Zwingli kuakasaka balombodi ba bitendelelu ne bakokeshi ba mu Zurich bua kuenza mudimu pamue bua kuakaja malu a mu Katolike ne kujula tshitendelelu tshipiatshipia tshia Mishonyi.

Mudimu wa mushinga mukole menemene wakenza Zwingli uvua wa dikudimuna Bible. Mu bidimu bia 1520, wakalombola kasumbu ka bamanyi ba malu a mu Bible bua kukudimuna Bible bilondeshile mifundu ya tshiena Ebelu ne tshiena Greke ya ntuadijilu, ne bilondeshile nkudimuinu wa Septante wa mu tshiena Greke ne wa Vulgate mu Latin. Mushindu wabu wa dikudimuna uvua mupepele. Bavua babala mvese yonso mu muakulu wa ntuadijilu ne mu Bible mikuabu ivuabu banemeka. Pashishe bakonkonona tshidi mvese umvuija ne bafunda bivuabu bumvua. Mudimu wabu wa dikudimuna Dîyi dia Nzambi ne didiumvuija au wakafikisha ku dipatula Bible wa Zurich mu 1531.

Zwingli uvua munange bulelela, kadi uvua muena tshiji, kayi unemeka malongesha a bakuabu to. Tshilejilu, mu 1525, uvua mubuele pende mu mvita ya ba-Anabatiste bavua babenga dilongesha diende dia ne: bana batekete badi ne bua kubatijibua. Pavua tubadi tukosele muntu yonso uvua ubenga batismo wa bana tshibawu tshia lufu, Zwingli kavua muambe ne: tshibawu atshi tshivua tshipite bukole nansha. Wakalomba kabidi bakokeshi bua kutuma basalayi bua kuitabijija bantu malongesha mapiamapia. Kadi, bimenga bia bungi bia mu Suisse bivua binange ntendelelu wa Katolike biakabenga mashintuluka au. Bualu abu buakafikisha ku mvita. Zwingli wakaya ne basalayi ba mu Zurich ku mvita. Bakamushipa mu mvita ayi pavuaye ne bidimu 47.

Bumpianyi bua Zwingli

Huldrych Zwingli wakenza amue malu avua mashintulule malu a kale nansha mudiye kayi mumanyike bikole bu mudi Martin Luther ne John Calvin bavua bashintulule malu mu Mishonyi. Zwingli wakabenga malongesha a Katolike ne muoyo mujima kupita Luther. Didifila dia Zwingli diakapepejila bantu malu bua kuitaba malongesha a Calvin. Ke bualu kayi badi bamubikila ne: Muntu muisatu udi mushintulule malu mu Katolike.

Bumpianyi budi Zwingli mushiye budi ne malu mimpe ne malu mabi. Bua kumuangalaja malongesha ende, wakabuela mu malu a tshididi ne mu mvita. Pakenzaye nanku, kavua mulonde tshilejilu tshia Yezu Kristo uvua mubenge bua kubuela mu malu a tshididi ne uvua mulongeshe bayidi bende bua kunanga bena lukuna babu, kabayi babashipa to.​—Matayi 5:43, 44; Yone 6:14, 15.

Kadi, Zwingli mmumanyike bu mulongi wa Bible wa tshisumi uvua musue kumanyisha bantu bakuabu malu avuaye mulonge. Wakasokolola malongesha malelela a mu Bible a bungi, kuambuluishaye bakuabu bua kuenza pabu nanku.